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Share-Based and Long-Term Compensation Plans (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Share-Based and Long-Term Compensation Plans
Share-Based and Long-Term Compensation Plans
    
The Company grants share-based awards under the 2013 Equity Plan. Effective May 16, 2013, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2013 Equity Plan. The 2013 Equity Plan replaced the 2010 Equity Plan. Outstanding awards granted under the 2010 Equity Plan continue to be governed by the 2010 Equity Plan. All of the employees of the Company and the Operating Partnership, employees of certain subsidiaries of the Company, non-employee directors, and any consultants or advisors to the Company and the Operating Partnership are eligible to participate in the 2013 Equity Plan.

The 2013 Equity Plan authorizes the following types of awards: (1) stock options, including nonstatutory stock options and incentive stock options ("ISOs"); (2) stock appreciation rights; (3) restricted shares; (4) restricted share units; (5) profits interest units ("LTIPS units"); (6) dividend equivalent rights; and (7) other forms of awards payable in or denominated by reference to shares of Common Stock. Full value awards, i.e., awards other than options and stock appreciation rights, vest over a period of three years or longer, except that any full value awards subject to performance-based vesting must become vested over a period of one year or longer. The Compensation Committee may waive vesting requirements upon a participant’s death, disability, retirement or other specified termination of service or upon a change in control.

The aggregate number of shares of the Company's common stock available for awards pursuant to the Plan is 3,250,000, including a maximum of 2,000,000 shares that may be granted pursuant to stock options or stock appreciation rights and a maximum of 1,250,000 shares that may be granted pursuant to other awards.

If an award is cancelled, forfeited or expires unvested or unexercised, or is settled in cash rather than in shares of Common Stock, then the shares covered by the portion of the award that is so cancelled, forfeited, expired or settled will again become available for award under the plan. Shares repurchased by the Company at the same price paid by a participant will also become available for award under the plan, and the payment of dividend equivalents in cash in conjunction with any outstanding awards will not count against the Share Limit. Shares tendered in payment of an exercise or purchase price, tendered or retained to satisfy the Company’s tax withholding obligation, not issued upon exercise of a stock appreciation right to which they are subject and shares purchased in the open market with cash proceeds of option exercises will not be available for re-issuance under the plan. No shares may be made subject to a grant if that would cause an incentive stock option to fail to qualify as such under the tax code.

Through December 31, 2013, the Company has granted stock options, LTIP units and RSUs (including time-vesting RSUs and performance-vesting RSUs) under the 2013 Equity Plan. As of December 31, 2013, the Company has restricted shares and deferred incentive share units outstanding under the 2010 Equity Plan. The Company has also previously awarded long-term equity incentive awards and long-term cash incentives.

Compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, for service-based awards is recognized over the expected vesting period. The total compensation expense for the long-term equity incentive awards is based upon the fair value of the shares on the grant date, adjusted for estimated forfeitures. Time-vesting restricted shares, RSUs and deferred incentive share units are valued based on the New York Stock Exchange closing market price of Parkway's common shares (NYSE: PKY) as of the date of grant. The grant date fair value for awards that are subject to performance-based vesting and market conditions, including LTIP units, performance-vesting RSUs, and long-term equity incentive awards, is determined using a simulation pricing model developed to specifically accommodate the unique features of the awards. The total compensation expense for stock options is estimated based on the fair value of the options as of the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model.

Long-Term Equity Incentives

At December 31, 2013, a total of 1,850,000 shares underlying stock options had been granted to officers of the Company and remain outstanding under the 2013 Equity Plan. The stock options are valued at $7.7 million, which equates to an average price per share of $4.17. Each stock option will vest in increments of 25% per year on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date, subject to the grantee's continued service. At December 31, 2013, a total of 398,889 time-vesting RSUs had been granted to officers of the Company and remain outstanding. The time-vesting RSUs are valued at $7.4 million, which equates to an average price per share of $18.55. A total of 210,220 time-vesting RSU awards will vest in increments of 25% per year on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date and 188,669 time-vesting RSU awards will vest in increments of 33% per year on each of the first, second, and third anniversaries of the grant date, subject to the grantee's continued service.

At December 31, 2013, a total of 214,443 LTIP units had been granted to officers of the Company and remain outstanding under the 2013 Equity Plan. The LTIP units are valued at $2.1 million, which equates to an average price per share of $9.79. At December 31, 2013, a total of 50,898 performance-vesting RSUs had been granted to officers of the Company and remain outstanding under the 2013 Equity Plan. The performance-vesting RSUs are valued at approximately $534,000, which equates to an average price per share of $10.49. Each LTIP unit and performance-vesting RSU will vest based on the attainment of total stockholder return targets during the applicable performance period, subject to the grantee's continued service.

The Company began expensing the grants of stock options, LTIP units and time-vesting and performance-vesting RSUs upon stockholder approval of the 2013 Equity Plan on May 16, 2013.

At December 31, 2013, a total of 27,391 restricted shares had been granted to officers of the Company and remain outstanding under the 2010 Equity Plan. The restricted shares vest ratably over four years from the date of grant, with the last restricted shares vesting in January 2016. The restricted shares are valued at $412,000, which equates to an average price per share of $15.04. At December 31, 2013, a total of 14,880 deferred incentive share units had been granted to employees of the Company and remain outstanding under the 2010 Equity Plan. The deferred incentive share units are valued at $233,000, which equates to an average price per share of $15.66. The deferred incentive share units vest ratably over four years from the date of grant, with the last deferred incentive share units vesting in December 2015.

Total compensation expense related to restricted shares, deferred incentive share units, stock options, RSUs, and LTIP units of $5.7 million and $432,000 was recognized in general and administrative expenses on the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Total compensation expense related to non-vested awards not yet recognized was $12.7 million at December 31, 2013. The weighted average period over which this expense is expected to be recognized is approximately two years.

 
Restricted Shares
Deferred Incentive Share Units
Stock Options
Restricted Stock Units
LTIP Units
 
# of Shares
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
# of Share Units
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
# of Options
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
# of Stock Units
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
# of LTIP Units
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Balance at 12/31/12
281,233

$
8.34

17,760

$
25.61


$


$


$

Granted




1,850,000

4.17

462,616

17.56

214,443

9.79

Vested
(15,356
)
14.76









Forfeited
(238,486
)
7.15

(2,880
)
13.81



(12,829
)
14.00



Balance at 12/31/13
27,391

$
15.04

14,880

$
15.67

1,850,000

$
4.17

449,787

$
17.65

214,443

$
9.79

*N/M-Not meaningful
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the options granted in the periods presented:
 
Year Ended
 
December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Risk-free interest rate
1.01%
 

 

Expected volatility
31.0%
 

 

Expected life (in years)
6
 

 

Dividend Yield
4%
 

 

Weighted-average estimated fair value of options granted during the year
$4.17
 

 



The Committee previously approved long-term equity incentive awards to executive officers of the Company consisting of, in part, performance-based awards subject to both an absolute and relative total return goal. The performance-based awards vested contingent on the Company meeting goals for compounded annual total return to stockholders ("TRTS") set by the Committee over the three-year performance period beginning July 1, 2010. The performance goals were based upon the Company's (i) absolute compounded annual TRTS and (ii) absolute compounded annual TRTS relative to the compounded annual return of the MSCI US REIT ("RMS") Index calculated on a gross basis. As of June 30, 2013, which was the end of the performance period, the Company did not achieve the performance goals and the performance-based awards did not vest.

Defined Contribution Plan

Parkway maintains a 401(k) plan for its employees.  The Company makes matching contributions of 50% of the employee's contribution (limited to 10% of compensation as defined by the plan) and may also make annual discretionary contributions.  The Company's total expense for this plan was $601,000, $554,000, and $518,000 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.