10-Q 1 axaeq-06302016x10q.htm 10-Q Document

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549  
 
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2016 
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             
Commission File No. 000-20501
AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
New York
 
13-5570651
(State or other jurisdiction of
 
(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)
 
Identification No.)
1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York
 
10104
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
(212) 554-1234
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not applicable
(Former name, former address, and former fiscal year if changed since last report.)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 
Large accelerated filer
 
¨
  
Accelerated filer
 
¨
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
x  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  
Smaller reporting company
 
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x
As of August 10, 2016, 2,000,000 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock were outstanding.




AXA EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Page
 
 
 
PART I
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
Item 5.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 

2


FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain of the statements included or incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including but not limited to those in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “includes,” “plans,” “assumes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “should,” “will,” “shall” or variations of such words are generally part of forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made based on management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects upon AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company and its subsidiaries (“AXA Equitable”). There can be no assurance that future developments affecting AXA Equitable will be those anticipated by management. These forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and there are certain important factors that could cause actual results to differ, possibly materially, from expectations or estimates reflected in such forward-looking statements, including, among others: (i) difficult conditions in the global capital markets and economy; (ii) equity market declines and volatility causing, among other things, a reduction in the demand for our products, a reduction in the revenue derived from asset-based fees, a reduction in the value of securities held for investment, including the investment in AllianceBernstein (“AB”), an acceleration in DAC amortization and an increase in the liabilities related to annuity contracts offering enhanced guarantee features, which may lead to changes in the fair value of our GMIB reinsurance contracts, causing our earnings to be volatile; (iii) interest rate fluctuations or prolonged periods of low interest rates causing, among other things, a reduction in our portfolio earnings, a reduction in the margins on interest sensitive annuity and life insurance contracts and an increase in the reserve requirements for such products, and a reduction in the demand for the types of products we offer; (iv) ineffectiveness of our reinsurance and hedging programs to protect against the full extent of the exposure or loss we seek to mitigate; (v) changes in policyholder assumptions, the performance of AXA Arizona’s hedge program, its liquidity needs and changes in regulatory requirements could adversely impact our reinsurance arrangements with AXA Arizona; (vi) regulatory or legislative changes, including government actions in response to the stress experienced by the global financial markets; (vii) changes to statutory capital requirements; (viii) our requirements to pledge collateral or make payments related to declines in estimated fair value of certain assets may impact our liquidity or expose us to counterparty credit risk; (ix) counterparty non-performance; (x) changes in statutory reserve requirements; (xi) differences between actual experience regarding mortality, morbidity, persistency, surrender experience, interest rates or market returns and the assumptions used in pricing products, establishing liabilities and reserves or for other purposes; (xii) changes in assumptions related to deferred policy acquisition costs; (xiii) our use of numerous financial models, which rely on estimates, assumptions and projections that are inherently uncertain and involve the exercise of significant judgment; (xiv) market conditions could adversely affect our goodwill; (xv) investment losses and defaults, and changes to investment valuations; (xvi) liquidity of certain investments; (xvii) changes in claims-paying or credit ratings; (xviii) adverse determinations in litigation or regulatory matters; (xix) changes in tax law; (xx) heightened competition, including with respect to pricing, entry of new competitors, consolidation of distributors, the development of new products by new and existing competitors and personnel; (xxi) our inability to recruit, motivate and retain experienced and productive financial professionals and key employees and the ability of our financial professionals to sell competitors’ products; (xxii) changes in accounting standards, practices and/or policies; (xxiii) our computer systems failing or their security being compromised; (xxiv) the effects of business disruption or economic contraction due to terrorism, other hostilities, pandemics, or natural or man-made catastrophes; (xxv) ineffectiveness of risk management policies and procedures in identifying, monitoring and managing risks; (xxvi) the perception of our brand and reputation in the marketplace; (xxvii) the impact on our business resulting from changes in the demographics of our client base, as baby-boomers move from the asset-accumulation to the asset-distribution stage of life; (xxviii) the impact of acquisitions and divestitures, restructurings, product withdrawals and other unusual items, including our ability to integrate acquisitions and to obtain the anticipated results and synergies from acquisitions; (xxix) significant changes in securities market valuations affecting fee income, poor investment performance resulting in a loss of clients or other factors affecting the performance of AB; and (xxx) other risks and uncertainties described from time to time in AXA Equitable’s filings with the SEC.
AXA Equitable does not intend, and is under no obligation, to update any particular forward-looking statement included in this document. See “Risk Factors” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and elsewhere in this report for discussion of certain risks relating to its businesses.


3


PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1: Consolidated Financial Statements
AXA EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
(In Millions)
ASSETS
 
 
 
Investments:
 
Fixed maturities available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $33,962 and $31,201)
$
37,056

 
$
31,893

Mortgage loans on real estate (net of valuation allowances of $7 and $6)
8,455

 
7,171

Policy loans
3,367

 
3,393

Other equity investments
1,447

 
1,477

Trading securities, at fair value
7,843

 
6,805

Other invested assets
2,498

 
1,788

Total investments
60,666

 
52,527

Assets of consolidated variable interest entities:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
35

 

Investments
247

 

Other Assets
66

 

Total assets of consolidated variable interest entities
348

 

Cash and cash equivalents
3,427

 
3,028

Cash and securities segregated, at fair value
666

 
565

Broker-dealer related receivables
2,287

 
1,971

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
673

 
79

Deferred policy acquisition costs
4,496

 
4,469

Goodwill and other intangible assets, net
3,719

 
3,733

Amounts due from reinsurers
4,523

 
4,466

Loans to affiliates
704

 
1,087

Guaranteed minimum income benefit reinsurance contract asset, at fair value
13,311

 
10,570

Other assets
4,501

 
4,634

Separate Accounts’ assets
107,721

 
107,497

Total Assets
$
207,042

 
$
194,626

LIABILITIES
 
 
 
Policyholders’ account balances
$
35,661

 
$
33,033

Future policy benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities
26,131

 
24,531

Broker-dealer related payables
1,273

 
404

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
2,488

 
1,890

Amounts due to reinsurers
103

 
131

Customers related payables
1,778

 
1,715

Short-term debt
587

 
584

Current and deferred income taxes
6,421

 
4,647

Liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities
63

 

Other liabilities
3,574

 
2,586

Separate Accounts’ liabilities
107,721

 
107,497

Total liabilities
185,800

 
177,018


4


AXA EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - CONTINUED
(UNAUDITED)
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
(In Millions)
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Notes 10 and 13)
 
 
 
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
$
229

 
$
13

EQUITY
 
 
 
Common stock, $1.25 par value; 2 million shares authorized, issued and outstanding
2

 
2

Capital in excess of par value
5,318

 
5,321

Retained earnings
11,030

 
8,958

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
1,637

 
228

Total AXA Equitable’s equity
17,987

 
14,509

Noncontrolling interest
3,026

 
3,086

Total equity
21,013

 
17,595

Total Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Equity
$
207,042

 
$
194,626


See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

5


AXA EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS (LOSS)
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
REVENUES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Universal life and investment-type product policy fee income
$
915

 
$
924

 
$
1,816

 
$
1,810

Premiums
121

 
121

 
247

 
261

Net investment income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment income (loss) from derivative instruments
598

 
(915
)
 
1,346

 
(578
)
Other investment income (loss)
602

 
532

 
1,298

 
1,063

Total net investment income (loss)
1,200

 
(383
)
 
2,644

 
485

Investment gains (losses), net:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses
(8
)
 
(16
)
 
(25
)
 
(18
)
Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)

 

 

 

Net impairment losses recognized
(8
)
 
(16
)
 
(25
)
 
(18
)
Other investment gains (losses), net
34

 
5

 
64

 
4

Total investment gains (losses), net
26

 
(11
)
 
39

 
(14
)
Commissions, fees and other income
931

 
1,019

 
1,844

 
2,005

Increase (decrease) in the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset
1,104

 
(1,450
)
 
2,741

 
(760
)
Total revenues
4,297

 
220

 
9,331

 
3,787

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Policyholders’ benefits
1,276

 
619

 
2,426

 
1,542

Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances
349

 
268

 
626

 
588

Compensation and benefits
428

 
486

 
854

 
933

Commissions
273

 
292

 
541

 
566

Distribution related payments
93

 
102

 
180

 
203

Amortization of deferred sales commissions
11

 
13

 
22

 
25

Interest expense
3

 
5

 
7

 
10

Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs
72

 
18

 
203

 
158

Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs
(146
)
 
(157
)
 
(287
)
 
(301
)
Rent expense
38

 
41

 
77

 
80

Amortization of other intangible assets
7

 
7

 
14

 
14

Other operating costs and expenses
317

 
279

 
638

 
592

Total benefits and other deductions
2,721

 
1,973

 
5,301

 
4,410

Earnings (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes
1,576

 
(1,753
)
 
4,030

 
(623
)
Income tax (expense) benefit
(515
)
 
728

 
(1,249
)
 
452

Net earnings (loss)
1,061

 
(1,025
)
 
2,781

 
(171
)
Less: net (earnings) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest
(92
)
 
(106
)
 
(209
)
 
(201
)
Net Earnings (Loss) Attributable to AXA Equitable
$
969

 
$
(1,131
)
 
$
2,572

 
$
(372
)



See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

6


AXA EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings (loss)
$
1,061

 
$
(1,025
)
 
$
2,781

 
$
(171
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of income taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
(5
)
 
4

 
4

 
(8
)
Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of reclassification adjustment
625

 
(1,020
)
 
1,405

 
(681
)
Changes in defined benefit plan related items not yet recognized in periodic benefit cost, net of reclassification adjustment

 
20

 

 
39

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes
620

 
(996
)
 
1,409

 
(650
)
Comprehensive income (loss)
1,681

 
(2,021
)
 
4,190

 
(821
)
Less: Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
(89
)
 
(110
)
 
(209
)
 
(196
)
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to AXA Equitable
$
1,592

 
$
(2,131
)
 
$
3,981

 
$
(1,017
)

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).


7


AXA EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2016 AND 2015
(UNAUDITED)
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
EQUITY
 
 
 
AXA Equitable’s Equity:
 
 
 
Common stock, at par value, beginning of year and end of period
$
2

 
$
2

Capital in excess of par value, beginning of year
5,321

 
5,957

Changes in capital in excess of par value
(3
)
 
16

Capital in excess of par value, end of period
5,318

 
5,973

Retained earnings, beginning of year
8,958

 
8,809

Net earnings (loss)
2,572

 
(372
)
Stockholder dividends
(500
)
 
(517
)
Retained earnings, end of period
11,030

 
7,920

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of year
228

 
351

Other comprehensive income (loss)
1,409

 
(645
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period
1,637

 
(294
)
Total AXA Equitable’s equity, end of period
17,987

 
13,601

Noncontrolling interest, beginning of year
3,086

 
2,989

Repurchase of AB Holding units
(60
)
 
(14
)
Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest
203

 
201

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interest
(198
)
 
(214
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest

 
(5
)
Other changes in noncontrolling interest
(5
)
 
16

Noncontrolling interest, end of period
3,026

 
2,973

Total Equity, End of Period
$
21,013

 
$
16,574

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).


8


AXA EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2016 AND 2015
(UNAUDITED)

 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Net earnings (loss)
$
2,781

 
$
(171
)
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
 
 
 
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances
626

 
588

Universal life and investment-type product policy fee income
(1,816
)
 
(1,810
)
(Increase) decrease in the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset
(2,741
)
 
760

(Income) loss related to derivative instruments
(1,346
)
 
578

Investment (gains) losses, net
(39
)
 
14

Realized and unrealized (gains) losses on trading securities
(109
)
 
(11
)
Amortization of deferred compensation
4

 
6

Amortization of deferred sales commission
22

 
25

Other depreciation and amortization
(28
)
 
7

Amortization of reinsurance cost
64

 
20

Amortization of other intangibles
14

 
14

Changes in:
 
 
 
Variable interest entities
(9
)
 

Net broker-dealer and customer related receivables/payables
(36
)
 
(106
)
Reinsurance recoverable
(92
)
 
(91
)
Segregated cash and securities, net
(101
)
 
9

Deferred policy acquisition costs
(84
)
 
(143
)
Future policy benefits
1,314

 
562

Current and deferred income taxes
985

 
(513
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
126

 
240

Other, net
119

 
(6
)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
(346
)
 
(28
)

9


AXA EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - CONTINUED
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2016 AND 2015
(UNAUDITED)
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Proceeds from the sale/maturity/prepayment of:
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available for sale
$
3,273

 
$
2,678

Mortgage loans on real estate
300

 
350

Trading account securities
2,971

 
7,082

Other
23

 
108

Payment for the purchase/origination of:
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available for sale
(5,299
)
 
(3,441
)
Mortgage loans on real estate
(1,584
)
 
(362
)
Trading account securities
(3,977
)
 
(7,984
)
Other
(141
)
 
(65
)
Cash settlements related to derivative instruments
659

 
(80
)
Decrease in loans to affiliates
383

 

Change in short-term investments
61

 
5

Investment in capitalized software, leasehold improvements and EDP equipment
(41
)
 
(24
)
Other, net
95

 
104

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(3,277
)
 
(1,629
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Policyholders’ account balances:
 
 
 
Deposits and transfers from Separate Accounts
$
4,159

 
$
2,204

Withdrawals
(225
)
 
(440
)
Change in short-term financings
4

 
(34
)
Change in collateralized pledged assets
34

 
(158
)
Change in collateralized pledged liabilities
869

 
(303
)
Shareholder dividend paid
(500
)
 
(517
)
Repurchase of AB Holding units
(84
)
 
(20
)
Redemptions of non-controlling interests of consolidated VIEs, net
(46
)
 

Distribution to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries
(198
)
 
(214
)
Increase (decrease) in Securities sold under agreement to repurchase
596

 
1,183

(Increase) decrease in securities purchased under agreement to resell
(594
)
 
(149
)
Other, net
1

 
13

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
4,016

 
1,565

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
6

 
(4
)
Change in cash and cash equivalents
399

 
(96
)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
3,063

 
2,716

Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period
$
3,462

 
$
2,620

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

10


AXA EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
1)
ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The preparation of the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions (including normal, recurring accruals) that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments necessary in the opinion of management for a fair statement of the consolidated financial position of AXA Equitable and its consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. These statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements of AXA Equitable for the year ended December 31, 2015. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of AXA Equitable and its subsidiaries engaged in insurance related businesses (collectively, the “Insurance segment”); other subsidiaries, principally AB, engaged in investment management related businesses (the “Investment Management segment”), partnerships and joint ventures in which AXA Equitable or its subsidiaries have control and a majority economic interest as well as those variable interest entities (“VIEs”) that meet the requirements for consolidation (collectively the “Company”).
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, AXA Equitable’s economic interest in AB was 29.0% and 28.6%. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, AXA and its subsidiaries’ economic interest in AB was 63.8% and 62.8%.
The terms “second quarter 2016” and “second quarter 2015” refer to the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The terms “first six months of 2016” and “first six months of 2015” refer to the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Certain reclassifications have been made in the amounts presented for prior periods to conform those periods to the current presentation.
 

11


2)
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND OTHER ASSUMPTION CHANGES
Accounting for Variable Annuities with GMDB and GMIB Features
Future claims exposure on products with guaranteed minimum death benefit (“GMDB”) and guaranteed minimum income benefit (“GMIB”) features are sensitive to movements in the equity markets and interest rates. The Company has in place various hedging programs utilizing derivatives that are designed to mitigate the impact of movements in equity markets and interest rates. The accounting for these various hedging programs does not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. As a result, changes in the value of the derivatives will be recognized in the period in which they occur while offsetting changes in reserves and deferred policy acquisition costs (“DAC”) will be recognized over time in accordance with policies described in the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2015, under “Policyholders’ Account Balances and Future Policy Benefits” and “DAC”. These differences in recognition contribute to earnings volatility.
GMIB reinsurance contracts are used to cede to affiliated and non-affiliated reinsurers a portion of the exposure on variable annuity products that offer the GMIB feature. The GMIB reinsurance contracts are accounted for as derivatives and are reported at fair value. Gross reserves for GMIB are calculated on the basis of assumptions related to projected benefits and related contract charges over the lives of the contracts and therefore will not immediately reflect the offsetting impact on future claims exposure resulting from the same capital market and/or interest rate fluctuations that cause gains or losses on the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contracts. The changes in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contracts are recorded in the period in which they occur while offsetting changes in gross reserves and DAC for GMIB are recognized over time in accordance with policies described in the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 under “Policyholders’ Account Balances and Future Policy Benefits” and “DAC”. These differences in recognition contribute to earnings volatility.
Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2015, the FASB issued a new consolidation standard that makes targeted amendments to the VIE assessment, including guidance specific to the analysis of fee arrangements and related party relationships, modifies the guidance for the evaluation of limited partnerships and similar entities for consolidation to eliminate the presumption of general partner control, and ends the deferral that had been granted to certain investment companies for applying previous VIE guidance. The Company adopted this new standard beginning January 1, 2016, having elected not to early-adopt in previous interim periods, and applied the guidance using a modified retrospective approach, thereby not requiring the restatement of prior year periods. The Company’s reevaluation of all legal entities under the new standard resulted in identification of additional VIEs and consolidation of certain investment products of the Investment Management segment that were not consolidated in accordance with previous guidance. “See Consolidation of VIEs” below.
In May 2015, the FASB issued new guidance related to disclosures for investments in certain entities that calculate net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent). Under the new guidance, investments measured at NAV, as a practical expedient for fair value, are excluded from the fair value hierarchy. Removing investments measured using the practical expedient from the fair value hierarchy was intended to eliminate the diversity in practice with respect to the categorization of these investments. The only criterion for categorizing investments in the fair value hierarchy is now the observability of the inputs. The amendment was effective retrospectively for fiscal years (and interim periods within those years) beginning after December 15, 2015. Implementation of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued new guidance, simplifying the presentation of debt issuance costs, which requires debt issuance costs to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the associated debt liability, consistent with the presentation of a debt discount. The new guidance is effective retrospectively for interim or annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Implementation of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In June 2014, the FASB issued new guidance for accounting for share-based payments when the terms of an award provide that a performance target could be achieved after the requisite service period. The new guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Implementation of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

12


Future Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2016, the FASB issued new guidance related to the accounting for credit losses on financial instruments. The new guidance introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. It also modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and provides for a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Management is currently evaluating the impact that adoption of this guidance will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued new guidance simplifying the transition to the equity method of accounting. The amendment eliminates the requirement that when an investment qualifies for use of the equity method as a result of an increase in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence, an investor must adjust the investment, results of operations and retained earnings retroactively on a step-by-step basis as if the equity method had been in effect during all previous periods that the investments had been held. The amendment is effective for fiscal years (and interim periods within those years) beginning after December 15, 2016 and should be applied prospectively upon their effective date to increases in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence that result in the adoption of the equity method. The amendment is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued new guidance on improvements to employee share-based payment accounting. The amendment includes provisions intended to simplify various aspects related to how share-based payments are accounted for and presented in the financial statements including: income tax effects of share-based payments, minimum statutory tax withholding requirements and forfeitures. The amendment is effective for fiscal years (and interim periods within those years) beginning after December 15, 2016. The provisions will be applied using various transition approaches (prospective, retrospective and modified retrospective). Management is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued new revenue recognition guidance that is intended to improve and converge the financial reporting requirements for revenue from contracts with customers with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). The new guidance applies to contracts that deliver goods or services to a customer, except when those contracts are for: insurance, leases, rights and obligations that are in the scope of certain financial instruments (i.e., derivative contracts) and guarantees other than product or service warranties. The new guidance is effective for interim and annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Management is currently evaluating the impact that adoption of this guidance will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Consolidation of VIEs
A VIE must be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, which generally is defined as the party who has a controlling financial interest in the VIE. The Company is deemed to have a controlling financial interest in a VIE if it has (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly affect the VIE’s economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive income from the VIE that potentially could be significant to the VIE. For purposes of evaluating (ii) above, fees paid to the Company as a decision maker or service provider are excluded if the fees are compensation for services provided commensurate with the level of effort required to be performed and the arrangement includes only customary terms, conditions or amounts present in arrangements for similar services negotiated at arm’s length.
If the Company has a variable interest in an entity that is determined not to be a VIE, the entity then is evaluated for consolidation under the voting interest entity (“VOE”) model. For limited partnerships and similar entities, the Company is deemed to have a controlling financial interest in a VOE, and would be required to consolidate the entity, if the Company owns a majority of the entity’s kick-out rights through voting limited partnership interests and other limited partners do not hold substantive participating rights (or other rights that would indicate that the Company does not control the entity). For entities other than limited partnerships, the Company is deemed to have a controlling financial interest in a VOE if it owns a majority voting interest in the entity.
The analysis performed to identify variable interests held, determine whether entities are VIEs or VOEs, and evaluate whether the Company has a controlling financial interest in such entities requires the exercise of judgment and is updated on a continuous basis as circumstances change or new entities are developed. The primary beneficiary evaluation generally is performed qualitatively based on all facts and circumstances, including consideration of economic interests in the VIE

13


held directly and indirectly through related parties and entities under common control, as well as quantitatively, as appropriate.
At June 30, 2016, the Insurance segment’s General Account held approximately $1,216 million of investment assets in the form of equity interests issued by non-corporate legal entities determined under the new guidance to be VIEs, such as limited partnerships and limited liability companies, including hedge funds, private equity funds, and real estate-related funds. As an equity investor, the Insurance segment is considered to have a “variable interest” in each of these VIEs as a result of its participation in the risks and/or rewards these funds were designed to create by their defined portfolio objectives and strategies. Primarily through qualitative assessment, including consideration of related party interests and/or other financial arrangements, if any, the Insurance segment was not identified as primary beneficiary of any of these VIEs, largely due to its inability to direct the activities that most significantly impact their economic performance. Consequently, the Company continues to reflect these equity interests in the consolidated balance sheet as “Other equity investments” and to apply the equity method of accounting for these positions. The net assets of these non-consolidated VIEs are approximately $156,019 million, and the Company’s maximum exposure to loss from its direct involvement with these VIEs is the carrying value of its investment of $1,216 million at June 30, 2016. Except for approximately $600 million of unfunded commitments at June 30, 2016, the Company has no further economic interest in these VIEs in the form of guarantees, derivatives, credit enhancements or similar instruments and obligations.
As a result of adopting the new guidance, the Company identified for consolidation under the VIE model three investment funds sponsored by AB. In addition, the Company identified as a VIE an AB private equity fund previously consolidated at December 31, 2015 under the VOE model. The assets and liabilities of these consolidated VIEs are presented separately on the face of the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2016; ownership interests not held by the Company relating to these consolidated VIEs are presented either as redeemable or non-redeemable non-controlling interest, as appropriate. As of June 30, 2016, the net assets of investment products sponsored by AB that are non-consolidated VIEs are approximately $39,200 million, and the Company’s maximum exposure to loss from its direct involvement with these VIEs is its investment of $6 million at June 30, 2016. The Company has no further commitments to or economic interest in these VIEs.
Assumption Changes
During the second quarter of 2016, the Company updated its mortality assumption for certain VISL products as a result of favorable mortality experience, which decreased the amortization of DAC and the initial fee liability by $70 million and $16 million respectively. Additionally, in the second quarter 2016 the Company updated the General Account spread assumption for certain VISL products to reflect lower expected investment yields which increased the amortization of DAC and the initial fee liability by $79 million and $4 million, respectively. In both the second quarter and first six months of 2016, the after tax impacts of these assumption updates decreased Net earnings by approximately $14 million.
In the second quarter of 2015, based upon management’s then current expectations of interest rates and future fund growth, the Company updated its reversion to the mean (“RTM”) assumption used to calculate GMDB/GMIB and VISL reserves and amortization DAC from 9.0% to 7.0%. The impact of this assumption update in the second quarter and first six months of 2015 was an increase in GMIB/GMDB reserves of $723 million, an increase in VISL reserves of $29 million and decrease in amortization of DAC of $67 million. In the second quarter and first six months of 2015, the after tax impacts of this assumption update increased the Net loss by approximately $445 million.
In the second quarter of 2015, expectations of long-term lapse rates for certain Accumulator® products at certain durations and moneyness levels were lowered based on emerging experience.  This update increased expected future claim costs and the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset.  The impact of this assumption update in the second quarter and first six months of 2015 was an increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset of $216 million, an increase in the GMIB reserves of $65 million and a decrease in the amortization of DAC of $13 million.  In the second quarter and first six months of 2015, the after tax impacts of this assumption update decreased the Net loss by approximately $107 million.
In the first quarter of 2015, the Company launched a lump sum payment option to certain contract holders with GMIB and GWBL benefits at the time their AAV falls to zero. As a result, the Company updated its future reserve assumptions to incorporate the expectation that some policyholders will utilize this option. The impact of this assumption update in the first six months of 2015 resulted in a decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset of $263 million and a decrease in the GMIB reserves of $55 million. In the first six months of 2015, the after tax impacts of this assumption update increased the Net loss by approximately $135 million.

14


3)
INVESTMENTS
Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities
The following table provides information relating to fixed maturities and equity securities classified as AFS:
Available-for-Sale Securities by Classification 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
OTTI
in AOCI 
(3)
 
(In Millions)
June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed Maturity Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public corporate
$
12,983

 
$
1,098

 
$
17

 
$
14,064

 
$

Private corporate
6,691

 
421

 
24

 
7,088

 

U.S. Treasury, government and agency
11,849

 
1,475

 
25

 
13,299

 

States and political subdivisions
437

 
98

 

 
535

 

Foreign governments
363

 
42

 
9

 
396

 

Commercial mortgage-backed
489

 
25

 
94

 
420

 
8

Residential mortgage-backed(1)
551

 
35

 

 
586

 

Asset-backed(2)
56

 
11

 
1

 
66

 
3

Redeemable preferred stock
543

 
61

 
2

 
602

 

Total Fixed Maturities
33,962

 
3,266

 
172

 
37,056

 
11

Equity securities
80

 

 

 
80

 

Total at June 30, 2016
$
34,042

 
$
3,266

 
$
172

 
$
37,136

 
$
11

December 31, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed Maturity Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public corporate
$
12,890

 
$
688

 
$
202

 
$
13,376

 
$

Private corporate
6,818

 
232

 
124

 
6,926

 

U.S. Treasury, government and agency
8,800

 
280

 
305

 
8,775

 

States and political subdivisions
437

 
68

 
1

 
504

 

Foreign governments
397

 
36

 
18

 
415

 

Commercial mortgage-backed
591

 
29

 
87

 
533

 
9

Residential mortgage-backed(1)
608

 
32

 

 
640

 

Asset-backed(2)
68

 
10

 
1

 
77

 
3

Redeemable preferred stock
592

 
57

 
2

 
647

 

Total Fixed Maturities
31,201

 
1,432

 
740

 
31,893

 
12

Equity securities
34

 

 
2

 
32

 

Total at December 31, 2015
$
31,235

 
$
1,432

 
$
742

 
$
31,925

 
$
12

 
(1)
Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
(2)
Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages and other asset types and credit tenant loans.
(3)
Amounts represent OTTI losses in AOCI, which were not included in earnings (loss) in accordance with current accounting guidance.


15


The contractual maturities of AFS fixed maturities at June 30, 2016 are shown in the table below. Bonds not due at a single maturity date have been included in the table in the final year of maturity. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities
Contractual Maturities at June 30, 2016 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
(In Millions)
Due in one year or less
$
1,328

 
$
1,344

Due in years two through five
7,525

 
8,078

Due in years six through ten
9,582

 
10,160

Due after ten years
13,888

 
15,800

Subtotal
32,323

 
35,382

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
489

 
420

Residential mortgage-backed securities
551

 
586

Asset-backed securities
56

 
66

Redeemable preferred stock
543

 
602

Total
$
33,962

 
$
37,056

The following table shows proceeds from sales, gross gains (losses) from sales and OTTI for AFS fixed maturities during the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015:
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Proceeds from sales
$
1,397

 
$
265

 
$
1,786

 
$
625

Gross gains on sales
$
66

 
$
2

 
$
85

 
$
7

Gross losses on sales
$
(25
)
 
$
(1
)
 
$
(46
)
 
$
(5
)
Total OTTI
$
(8
)
 
$
(16
)
 
$
(25
)
 
$
(18
)
Non-credit losses recognized in OCI

 

 

 

Credit losses recognized in earnings (loss)
$
(8
)
 
$
(16
)
 
$
(25
)
 
$
(18
)


16


The following table sets forth the amount of credit loss impairments on fixed maturity securities held by the Company at the dates indicated and the corresponding changes in such amounts.

Fixed Maturities - Credit Loss Impairments 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Balances, beginning of period
$
(181
)
 
$
(238
)
 
$
(198
)
 
$
(254
)
Previously recognized impairments on securities that matured, paid, prepaid or sold
23

 
16

 
57

 
34

Recognized impairments on securities impaired to fair value this period(1)

 

 
(17
)
 

Impairments recognized this period on securities not previously impaired
(8
)
 
(16
)
 
(8
)
 
(18
)
Additional impairments this period on securities previously impaired

 

 

 

Increases due to passage of time on previously recorded credit losses

 

 

 

Accretion of previously recognized impairments due to increases in expected cash flows

 

 

 

Balances at June 30,
$
(166
)
 
$
(238
)
 
$
(166
)
 
$
(238
)
(1)
Represents circumstances where the Company determined in the current period that it intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security’s amortized cost.
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturities and equity securities classified as AFS are included in the consolidated balance sheets as a component of AOCI. The table below presents these amounts as of the dates indicated:
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
(In Millions)
AFS Securities:
 
 
 
Fixed maturities:
 
 
 
With OTTI loss
$
15

 
$
16

All other
3,079

 
676

Equity securities

 
(2
)
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
$
3,094

 
$
690



17


Changes in net unrealized investment gains (losses) recognized in AOCI include reclassification adjustments to reflect amounts realized in Net earnings (loss) for the current period that had been part of OCI in earlier periods. The tables that follow below present a roll-forward of net unrealized investment gains (losses) recognized in AOCI, split between amounts related to fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized and all other amounts:

Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Fixed Maturities with OTTI Losses 
 
Net
Unrealized
Gains
(Losses) on
Investments
 
DAC
 
Policyholders’
Liabilities
 
Deferred
Income
Tax Asset
(Liability)
 
AOCI Gain
(Loss) Related
to Net
Unrealized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
(In Millions)
Balance, April 1, 2016
$
9

 
$

 
$

 
$
(4
)
 
$
5

Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period
(17
)
 

 

 

 
(17
)
Reclassification adjustment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in Net earnings (loss)
23

 

 

 

 
23

Excluded from Net earnings (loss)

 

 

 

 

Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) on:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DAC

 

 

 

 

Deferred income taxes

 

 

 
(2
)
 
(2
)
Policyholders’ liabilities

 

 

 

 

Balance, June 30, 2016
$
15

 
$

 
$

 
$
(6
)
 
$
9

Balance, April 1, 2015
$
6

 
$

 
$
1

 
$
(3
)
 
$
4

Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period
1

 

 

 

 
1

Reclassification adjustment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in Net earnings (loss)

 

 

 

 

Excluded from Net earnings (loss)

 

 

 

 

Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) on:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DAC

 
1

 

 

 
1

Deferred income taxes

 

 

 

 

Policyholders’ liabilities

 

 
(2
)
 

 
(2
)
Balance, June 30, 2015
$
7

 
$
1

 
$
(1
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$
4

 

18



 
Net
Unrealized
Gains
(Losses) on
Investments
 
DAC
 
Policyholders’
Liabilities
 
Deferred
Income
Tax Asset
(Liability)
 
AOCI Gain
(Loss) Related
to Net
Unrealized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
(In Millions)
Balance, January 1, 2016
$
16

 
$

 
$
(4
)
 
$
(5
)
 
$
7

Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period
(7
)
 

 

 

 
(7
)
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in Net earnings (loss)
6

 

 

 

 
6

Excluded from Net earnings (loss)

 

 

 

 

Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) on:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DAC

 

 

 

 

Deferred income taxes

 

 

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Policyholders’ liabilities

 

 
4

 

 
4

Balance, June 30, 2016
$
15

 
$

 
$

 
$
(6
)
 
$
9

Balance, January 1, 2015
$
10

 
$

 
$

 
$
(4
)
 
$
6

Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period
(5
)
 

 

 

 
(5
)
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in Net earnings (loss)
2

 

 

 

 
2

Excluded from Net earnings (loss)

 

 

 

 

Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) on:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DAC

 
1

 

 

 
1

Deferred income taxes

 

 

 
1

 
1

Policyholders’ liabilities

 

 
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
Balance, June 30, 2015
$
7

 
$
1

 
$
(1
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$
4

  


19


All Other Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) in AOCI

 
 
Net
Unrealized
Gains
(Losses) on
Investments
 
DAC
 
Policyholders’
Liabilities
 
Deferred
Income
Tax Asset
(Liability)
 
AOCI Gain
(Loss) Related
to Net
Unrealized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
(In Millions)
Balance, April 1, 2016
$
1,975

 
$
(57
)
 
$
(306
)
 
$
(565
)
 
$
1,047

Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period
1,172

 

 

 

 
1,172

Reclassification adjustment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in Net earnings (loss)
(45
)
 

 

 

 
(45
)
Excluded from Net earnings (loss)(1)
(23
)
 

 

 

 
(23
)
Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) on:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DAC

 
(82
)
 

 

 
(82
)
Deferred income taxes

 

 

 
(321
)
 
(321
)
Policyholders’ liabilities

 

 
(105
)
 

 
(105
)
Balance, June 30, 2016
$
3,079

 
$
(139
)
 
$
(411
)
 
$
(886
)
 
$
1,643

Balance, April 1, 2015
$
2,827

 
$
(137
)
 
$
(430
)
 
$
(794
)
 
$
1,466

Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period
(1,752
)
 

 

 

 
(1,752
)
Reclassification adjustment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in Net earnings (loss)
18

 

 

 

 
18

Excluded from Net earnings (loss)(1)

 

 

 

 

Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) on:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DAC

 
35

 

 

 
35

Deferred income taxes

 

 

 
551

 
551

Policyholders’ liabilities

 

 
130

 

 
130

Balance, June 30, 2015
$
1,093

 
$
(102
)
 
$
(300
)
 
$
(243
)
 
$
448


(1)
Represents “transfers out” related to the portion of OTTI losses during the period that were not recognized in earnings (loss) for securities with no prior OTTI loss.


20



 
Net
Unrealized
Gains
(Losses) on
Investments
 
DAC
 
Policyholders’
Liabilities
 
Deferred
Income
Tax Asset
(Liability)
 
AOCI Gain
(Loss) Related
to Net
Unrealized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
(In Millions)
Balance, January 1, 2016
$
674

 
$
(82
)
 
$
(213
)
 
$
(133
)
 
$
246

Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period
2,434

 

 

 

 
2,434

Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in Net earnings (loss)
(29
)
 

 

 

 
(29
)
Excluded from Net earnings (loss)(1)

 

 

 

 

Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) on:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DAC

 
(57
)
 

 

 
(57
)
Deferred income taxes

 

 

 
(753
)
 
(753
)
Policyholders’ liabilities

 

 
(198
)
 

 
(198
)
Balance, June 30, 2016
$
3,079

 
$
(139
)
 
$
(411
)
 
$
(886
)
 
$
1,643

Balance, January 1, 2015
$
2,231

 
$
(122
)
 
$
(368
)
 
$
(610
)
 
$
1,131

Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period
(1,152
)
 

 

 

 
(1,152
)
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in Net earnings (loss)
14

 

 

 

 
14

Excluded from Net earnings (loss)(1)

 

 

 

 

Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses) on:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DAC

 
20

 

 

 
20

Deferred income taxes

 

 

 
367

 
367

Policyholders’ liabilities

 

 
68

 

 
68

Balance, June 30, 2015
$
1,093

 
$
(102
)
 
$
(300
)
 
$
(243
)
 
$
448

 
(1)
Represents “transfers out” related to the portion of OTTI losses during the period that were not recognized in earnings (loss) for securities with no prior OTTI loss.


21


The following tables disclose the fair values and gross unrealized losses of the 449 issues at June 30, 2016 and the 810 issues at December 31, 2015 of fixed maturities that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for the specified periods at the dates indicated:

 
Less Than 12 Months
 
12 Months or Longer
 
Total
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
(In Millions)
June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed Maturity Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public corporate
$
244

 
$
1

 
$
441

 
$
16

 
$
685

 
$
17

Private corporate
254

 
3

 
413

 
21

 
667

 
24

U.S. Treasury, government and agency
1,596

 
16

 
326

 
9

 
1,922

 
25

States and political subdivisions

 

 
19

 

 
19

 

Foreign governments
9

 

 
72

 
9

 
81

 
9

Commercial mortgage-backed
55

 
8

 
214

 
86

 
269

 
94

Residential mortgage-backed
69

 

 
3

 

 
72

 

Asset-backed
1

 

 
9

 
1

 
10

 
1

Redeemable preferred stock
44

 
1

 
12

 
1

 
56

 
2

Total
$
2,272

 
$
29


$
1,509


$
143


$
3,781


$
172

December 31, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed Maturity Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public corporate
$
3,091

 
$
129

 
$
359

 
$
73

 
$
3,450

 
$
202

Private corporate
1,926

 
102

 
184

 
22

 
2,110

 
124

U.S. Treasury, government and agency
3,538

 
305

 

 

 
3,538

 
305

States and political subdivisions
19

 
1

 

 

 
19

 
1

Foreign governments
73

 
7

 
39

 
11

 
112

 
18

Commercial mortgage-backed
67

 
2

 
261

 
85

 
328

 
87

Residential mortgage-backed
11

 

 
29

 

 
40

 

Asset-backed
11

 

 
17

 
1

 
28

 
1

Redeemable preferred stock
43

 

 
40

 
2

 
83

 
2

Total
$
8,779

 
$
546

 
$
929

 
$
194

 
$
9,708

 
$
740

The Company’s investments in fixed maturity securities do not include concentrations of credit risk of any single issuer greater than 10% of the consolidated equity of AXA Equitable, other than securities of the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies, and certain securities guaranteed by the U.S. government. The Company maintains a diversified portfolio of corporate securities across industries and issuers and does not have exposure to any single issuer in excess of 0.3% of total investments. The largest exposures to a single issuer of corporate securities held at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were $163 million and $157 million, respectively. Corporate high yield securities, consisting primarily of public high yield bonds, are classified as other than investment grade by the various rating agencies, i.e., a rating below Baa3/BBB- or the NAIC designation of 3 (medium grade), 4 or 5 (below investment grade) or 6 (in or near default). At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, approximately $1,481 million and $1,310 million, or 4.4% and 4.2%, of the $33,962 million and $31,201 million aggregate amortized cost of fixed maturities held by the Company were considered to be other than investment grade. These securities had net unrealized losses of $58 million and $97 million at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the $143 million and $194 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in commercial mortgage-backed, corporates and U.S. Treasury, government and agency securities. In accordance with the policy described in Note 2, the Company concluded that an adjustment to earnings for OTTI for these securities was not warranted at either June 30,

22


2016 or 2015. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company did not intend to sell the securities nor will it likely be required to dispose of the securities before the anticipated recovery of their remaining amortized cost basis.
At June 30, 2016, the carrying value of fixed maturities that were non-income producing for the twelve months preceding that date was $5 million.
The Company does not originate, purchase or warehouse residential mortgages and is not in the mortgage servicing business. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the Company owned $7 million and $7 million in RMBS backed by subprime residential mortgage loans and $6 million and $6 million in RMBS backed by Alt-A residential mortgage loans. RMBS backed by subprime and Alt-A residential mortgages are fixed income investments supporting General Account liabilities.
For the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015, investment income is shown net of investment expenses of $14 million, $30 million, $14 million, and $26 million, respectively.
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the amortized cost of the Company’s trading account securities was $7,756 million and $6,866 million with respective fair values of $7,843 million and $6,805 million. Also at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, Other equity investments included the General Account’s investment in Separate Accounts, which had carrying values of $73 million and $82 million and costs of $59 million and $72 million, as well as other equity securities with carrying values of $80 million and $32 million and costs of $80 million and $34 million.
Net unrealized and realized gains (losses) on trading account equity securities are included in Net investment income (loss) in the consolidated statements of earnings (loss). The table below shows a breakdown of Net investment income from trading account securities during the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015:

Net investment income (loss) from trading securities 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized during the period on securities held at the end of the period
$
55

 
$
(31
)
 
$
119

 
$
7

Net investment gains (losses) recognized on securities sold during the period
(4
)
 

 
(10
)
 
7

Unrealized and realized gains (losses) on trading securities arising during the period
51

 
(31
)
 
109

 
14

Interest and dividend income from trading securities
29

 
25

 
48

 
28

Net investment income (loss) from trading securities
$
80

 
$
(6
)
 
$
157

 
$
42

Mortgage Loans
Mortgage loans on real estate are placed on nonaccrual status once management determines the collection of accrued interest is doubtful. Once mortgage loans on real estate are classified as nonaccrual loans, interest income is recognized under the cash basis of accounting and the resumption of the interest accrual would commence only after all past due interest has been collected or the mortgage loan on real estate has been restructured to where the collection of interest is considered likely. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the carrying values of commercial mortgage loans on real estate that had been classified as nonaccrual loans were $39 million and $72 million, respectively.
Troubled Debt Restructurings
The TDR mortgage loan shown in the table below has been modified four times since 2011. The modifications were to extend the maturity from its original maturity of November 5, 2014 to December 5, 2016 and to extend interest only payments through maturity. In November 2015, the recorded investment was reduced by $45 million in conjunction with the sale of the majority of the underlying collateral and $32 million from a charge-off. The remaining $16 million mortgage loan balance reflects the value of the remaining underlying collateral and cash held in escrow, supporting the mortgage

23


loan. Since the fair market value of the underlying real estate and cash held in escrow collateral is the primary factor in determining the allowance for credit losses, modifications of loan terms typically have no direct impact on the allowance for credit losses, and therefore, no impact on the financial statements.

Troubled Debt Restructuring - Modifications
June 30, 2016
 
Number
of  Loans
 
Outstanding Recorded Investment
 
Pre-Modification
 
Post - Modification
 
 
 
(In Millions)
Commercial mortgage loans
1

 
16

 
16

There were no default payments on the above loan during the first six months of 2016.
Valuation Allowances for Mortgage Loans:
Allowance for credit losses for commercial mortgage loans for the first six months of 2016 and 2015 was as follows:
 
2016
 
2015
Allowance for credit losses:
(In Millions)
Beginning balance, January 1,
$
6

 
$
37

Charge-offs

 
(1
)
Recoveries

 

Provision
1

 

Ending balance, June 30,
$
7

 
$
36

 
 
 
 
June 30, Individually Evaluated for Impairment
$
7

 
$
36

There were no allowances for credit losses for agricultural mortgage loans for the first six months of 2016 and 2015.

24


The values used in these ratio calculations were developed as part of the periodic review of the commercial and agricultural mortgage loan portfolio, which includes an evaluation of the underlying collateral value. The following tables provide information relating to the loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios for commercial and agricultural mortgage loans at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, before adjustments for valuation allowance.
Mortgage Loans by Loan-to-Value and Debt Service Coverage Ratios
June 30, 2016
 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio
 
 
Loan-to-Value Ratio:(2)
Greater than 2.0x
 
1.8x to 2.0x
 
1.5x to 1.8x
 
1.2x to 1.5x
 
1.0x to 1.2x
 
Less than 1.0x
 
Total Mortgage
Loans
 
(In Millions)
Commercial Mortgage Loans(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0% - 50%
$
645

 
$
138

 
$
57

 
$
33

 
$
24

 
$

 
$
897

50% - 70%
2,273

 
330

 
627

 
1,013

 
76

 

 
4,319

70% - 90%
141

 
61

 
277

 
132

 
88

 
46

 
745

90% plus
33

 

 
28

 
16

 

 

 
77

Total Commercial Mortgage Loans
$
3,092

 
$
529

 
$
989

 
$
1,194

 
$
188

 
$
46

 
$
6,038

Agricultural Mortgage Loans(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0% - 50%
$
246

 
$
133

 
$
288

 
$
446

 
$
272

 
$
47

 
$
1,432

50% - 70%
136

 
70

 
188

 
317

 
231

 
41

 
983

70% - 90%
3

 

 
2

 
4

 

 

 
9

90% plus

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Agricultural Mortgage Loans
$
385

 
$
203

 
$
478

 
$
767

 
$
503

 
$
88

 
$
2,424

Total Mortgage Loans(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0% - 50%
$
891

 
$
271

 
$
345

 
$
479

 
$
296

 
$
47

 
$
2,329

50% - 70%
2,409

 
400

 
815

 
1,330

 
307

 
41

 
5,302

70% - 90%
144

 
61

 
279

 
136

 
88

 
46

 
754

90% plus
33

 

 
28

 
16

 

 

 
77

Total Mortgage Loans
$
3,477

 
$
732

 
$
1,467

 
$
1,961

 
$
691

 
$
134

 
$
8,462


(1)
The debt service coverage ratio is calculated using the most recently reported net operating income results from property operations divided by annual debt service.
(2)
The loan-to-value ratio is derived from current loan balance divided by the fair market value of the property. The fair market value of the underlying commercial properties is updated annually.

25


Mortgage Loans by Loan-to-Value and Debt Service Coverage Ratios
December 31, 2015
 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio
 
 
Loan-to-Value Ratio:(2)
Greater than 2.0x
 
1.8x to 2.0x
 
1.5x to 1.8x
 
1.2x to1.5x
 
1.0x to 1.2x
 
Less than 1.0x
 
Total Mortgage Loans
 
(In Millions)
Commercial Mortgage Loans(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0% - 50%
$
533

 
$

 
$
102

 
$
12

 
$
24

 
$

 
$
671

50% - 70%
1,392

 
353

 
741

 
853

 
77

 

 
3,416

70% - 90%
141

 

 
206

 
134

 
124

 
46

 
651

90% plus
63

 

 

 
46

 

 

 
109

Total Commercial Mortgage Loans
$
2,129

 
$
353

 
$
1,049

 
$
1,045

 
$
225

 
$
46

 
$
4,847

Agricultural Mortgage Loans(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0% - 50%
$
204

 
$
116

 
$
277

 
$
432

 
$
256

 
$
51

 
$
1,336

50% - 70%
146

 
80

 
192

 
298

 
225

 
47

 
988

70% - 90%

 

 
2

 
4

 

 

 
6

90% plus

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Agricultural Mortgage Loans
$
350

 
$
196

 
$
471

 
$
734

 
$
481

 
$
98

 
$
2,330

Total Mortgage Loans(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0% - 50%
$
737

 
$
116

 
$
379

 
$
444

 
$
280

 
$
51

 
$
2,007

50% - 70%
1,538

 
433

 
933

 
1,151

 
302

 
47

 
4,404

70% - 90%
141

 

 
208

 
138

 
124

 
46

 
657

90% plus
63

 

 

 
46

 

 

 
109

Total Mortgage Loans
$
2,479

 
$
549

 
$
1,520

 
$
1,779

 
$
706

 
$
144

 
$
7,177


(1)
The debt service coverage ratio is calculated using the most recently reported net operating income results from property operations divided by annual debt service.
(2)
The loan-to-value ratio is derived from current loan balance divided by the fair market value of the property. The fair market value of the underlying commercial properties is updated annually.

The following table provides information relating to the aging analysis of past due mortgage loans at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, before adjustments for valuation allowance.

Age Analysis of Past Due Mortgage Loans
 
30-59
    Days    
 
60-89
    Days    
 
90
    Days    
or >
 
Total    
 
Current    
 
Total
Financing
Receivables
 
Recorded
Investment
> 90 Days
and
Accruing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(In Millions)
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
6,038

 
$
6,038

 
$

Agricultural
5

 
7

 
18

 
30

 
2,394

 
2,424

 
18

Total Mortgage Loans
$
5

 
$
7

 
$
18

 
$
30

 
$
8,432

 
$
8,462

 
$
18

December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
$

 
$

 
$
30

 
$
30

 
$
4,817

 
$
4,847

 
$

Agricultural
12

 
7

 
4

 
23

 
2,307

 
2,330

 
4

Total Mortgage Loans
$
12

 
$
7

 
$
34

 
$
53

 
$
7,124

 
$
7,177

 
$
4


26



The following table provides information regarding impaired mortgage loans at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Impaired Mortgage Loans

 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment(1)
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
(In Millions)
June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage loans - other
$
16

 
$
16

 
$

 
$
26

 
$

Agricultural mortgage loans

 

 

 

 

Total
$
16

 
$
16

 
$

 
$
26

 
$

With related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage loans - other
$
61

 
$
61

 
$
(7
)
 
$
62

 
$
2

Agricultural mortgage loans

 

 

 

 

Total
$
61

 
$
61

 
$
(7
)
 
$
62

 
$
2

December 31, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage loans - other
$
46

 
$
46

 
$

 
$
15

 
$

Agricultural mortgage loans

 

 

 

 

Total
$
46

 
$
46

 
$

 
$
15

 
$

With related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage loans - other
$
63

 
$
63

 
$
(6
)
 
$
137

 
$
4

Agricultural mortgage loans

 

 

 

 

Total
$
63

 
$
63

 
$
(6
)
 
$
137

 
$
4

 
(1)
Represents a three-quarter average of recorded amortized cost.
Derivatives and Offsetting Assets and Liabilities
The Company uses derivatives as part of its overall asset/liability risk management primarily to reduce exposures to equity market and interest rate risks. Derivative hedging strategies are designed to reduce these risks from an economic perspective and are all executed within the framework of a “Derivative Use Plan” approved by the NYDFS. Operation of these hedging programs is based on models involving numerous estimates and assumptions, including, among others, mortality, lapse, surrender and withdrawal rates, election rates, fund performance, market volatility and interest rates. A wide range of derivative contracts are used in these hedging programs, including exchange traded equity, currency and interest rate futures contracts, total return and/or other equity swaps, interest rate swap and floor contracts, swaptions, variance swaps, equity options as well as repo transactions, that collectively are managed in an effort to reduce the economic impact of unfavorable changes in guaranteed benefits’ exposures attributable to movements in capital markets.
Derivatives utilized to hedge exposure to Variable Annuities with Guarantee Features
The Company has issued and continues to offer certain variable annuity products with GMDB, GMIB and GIB features. The Company had previously issued certain variable annuity products with GWBL, GMWB and GMAB features (collectively, “GWBL and Other Features”). The risk associated with the GMDB feature is that under-performance of the financial markets could result in GMDB benefits, in the event of death, being higher than what accumulated policyholders’ account balances would support. The risk associated with the GMIB feature is that under-performance of the financial markets could result in the present value of GMIB benefits, in the event of annuitization, being higher than what accumulated policyholders’ account balances would support, taking into account the relationship between current annuity purchase rates and the GMIB guaranteed annuity purchase rates. The risk associated with the GIB and GWBL and Other Features

27


is that under-performance of the financial markets could result in the GIB and GWBL and Other Features’ benefits being higher than what accumulated policyholders’ account balances would support.
For GMDB, GMIB, GIB and GWBL and Other Features, the Company retains certain risks including basis, credit spread and some volatility risk and risk associated with actual versus expected assumptions for mortality, lapse and surrender, withdrawal and contractholder election rates, among other things. The derivative contracts are managed to correlate with changes in the value of the GMDB, GMIB, GIB and GWBL and Other Features that result from financial markets movements. A portion of exposure to realized equity volatility is hedged using equity options and variance swaps and a portion of exposure to credit risk is hedged using total return swaps on fixed income indices. Additionally, the Company is party to total return swaps for which the reference U.S. Treasury securities are contemporaneously purchased from the market and sold to the swap counterparty. As these transactions result in a transfer of control of the U.S. Treasury securities to the swap counterparty, the Company derecognizes these securities with consequent gain or loss from the sale. The Company has also purchased reinsurance contracts to mitigate the risks associated with GMDB features and the impact of potential market fluctuations on future policyholder elections of GMIB features contained in certain annuity contracts issued by the Company.
The Company has in place a hedge program utilizing interest rate swaps to partially protect the overall profitability of future variable annuity sales against declining interest rates.
Derivatives utilized to hedge crediting rate exposure on SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL products/investment options
The Company hedges crediting rates in the SCS variable annuity, SIO in the EQUI-VEST® variable annuity series, MSO in the variable life insurance products and IUL insurance products. These products permit the contract owner to participate in the performance of an index, ETF or commodity price movement up to a cap for a set period of time. They also contain a protection feature, in which the Company will absorb, up to a certain percentage, the loss of value in an index, ETF or commodity price, which varies by product segment.
In order to support the returns associated with these features, the Company enters into derivative contracts whose payouts, in combination with fixed income investments, emulate those of the index, ETF or commodity price, subject to caps and buffers.
Derivatives utilized to hedge risks associated with interest margins on Interest Sensitive Life and Annuity Contracts
Margins or “spreads” on interest-sensitive life insurance and annuity contracts are affected by interest rate fluctuations as the yield on portfolio investments, primarily fixed maturities, is intended to support required payments under these contracts, including interest rates credited to their policy and contract holders. From time to time the Company uses interest rate swaptions and other instruments to reduce the risk associated with minimum guarantees on these interest-sensitive contracts.
Derivatives utilized to hedge equity market risks associated with the General Account’s seed money investments in Separate Accounts, retail mutual funds and Separate Account fee revenue fluctuations
The Company’s General Account seed money investments in Separate Account equity funds and retail mutual funds exposes the Company to market risk, including equity market risk, which is partially hedged through equity-index futures contracts to minimize such risk.
Periodically the Company enters into futures on equity indices to mitigate the impact on net earnings from Separate Account fee revenue fluctuations due to movements in the equity markets. These positions partially cover fees expected to be earned through the year from the Company’s Separate Account products.
Derivatives utilized for General Account Investment Portfolio
Beginning in the second quarter of 2013, the Company implemented a strategy in its General Account investment portfolio to replicate the credit exposure of fixed maturity securities otherwise permissible under its investment guidelines through the sale of CDSs. Under the terms of these swaps, the Company receives quarterly fixed premiums that, together with any initial amount paid or received at trade inception, replicate the credit spread otherwise currently obtainable by purchasing the referenced entity’s bonds of similar maturity. These credit derivatives have remaining terms of five years or less and are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value, including the yield component that emerges from initial amounts paid or received, reported in Net investment income (loss). The Company manages its credit exposure taking into consideration both cash and derivatives based positions and selects the reference entities in its replicated credit exposures in a manner

28


consistent with its selection of fixed maturities. In addition, the Company has transacted the sale of CDSs exclusively in single name reference entities of investment grade credit quality and with counterparties subject to collateral posting requirements. If there is an event of default by the reference entity or other such credit event as defined under the terms of the swap contract, the Company is obligated to perform under the credit derivative and, at the counterparty’s option, either pay the referenced amount of the contract less an auction-determined recovery amount or pay the referenced amount of the contract and receive in return the defaulted or similar security of the reference entity for recovery by sale at the contract settlement auction. To date, there have been no events of default or circumstances indicative of a deterioration in the credit quality of the named referenced entities to require or suggest that the Company will have to perform under these CDSs. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these credit derivatives is limited to the par value of the referenced securities which is the dollar-equivalent of the derivative notional amount. The Standard North American CDS Contract (“SNAC”) under which the Company executes these CDS sales transactions does not contain recourse provisions for recovery of amounts paid under the credit derivative.
Periodically, the Company purchases TIPS and other sovereign inflation bonds as General Account investments and enters into asset swaps, to result in payment of the variable principal at maturity and semi-annual coupons of the bonds to the swap counterparty (pay variable) in return for fixed amounts (receive fixed). These asset swaps, when considered in combination with the bonds, together result in a net position that is intended to replicate a dollar-denominated fixed-coupon cash bond with a yield higher than a term-equivalent U.S. Treasury bond.
The Company implemented a strategy to hedge a portion of the credit exposure in its General Account investment portfolio by buying protection through a swap. These are swaps on the “super senior tranche” of the investment grade CDX index. Under the terms of these swaps, the Company pays quarterly fixed premiums that, together with any initial amount paid or received at trade inception, serve as premiums paid to hedge the risk arising from multiple defaults of bonds referenced in the CDX index. These credit derivatives have terms of five years or less and are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value, including the yield component that emerges from initial amounts paid or received, reported in Net investment income (loss) from derivative instruments.


29


The tables below present quantitative disclosures about the Company’s derivative instruments, including those embedded in other contracts required to be accounted for as derivative instruments.

Derivative Instruments by Category
 
At June 30, 2016
 
Gains (Losses)
Reported In Net
Earnings (Loss)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
Notional
Amount
 
Asset
Derivatives
 
Liability
Derivatives
 
 
(In Millions)
Freestanding derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Futures
$
6,634

 
$
1

 
$
2

 
$
(264
)
Swaps
2,553

 
11

 
41

 
(39
)
Options
8,879

 
1,302

 
799

 
135

Interest rate contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floors
1,500

 
38

 

 
6

Swaps
16,990

 
1,054

 
29

 
1,573

Futures
7,316

 

 

 
(57
)
Credit contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps
2,732

 
17

 
26

 

Other freestanding contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency contracts
334

 
4

 
11

 
(8
)
Net investment income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,346

Embedded derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GMIB reinsurance contracts

 
13,311

 

 
2,741

GIB and GWBL and Other Features(2)

 

 
330

 
146

SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL indexed features(3)

 

 
410

 
(131
)
Total
$
46,938

 
$
15,738

 
$
1,648

 
$
4,102


(1)
Reported in Other invested assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
(2)
Reported in Future policy benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
(3)
SCS and SIO indexed features are reported in Policyholders’ account balances; MSO and IUL indexed features are reported in Future policyholders’ benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

30


 
At December 31, 2015
 
Gains (Losses)
Reported In Net
Earnings (Loss)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
Notional
Amount
 
Asset
Derivatives
 
Liability
Derivatives
 
 
(In Millions)
Freestanding derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Futures
$
7,089

 
$
2

 
$
3

 
$
(201
)
Swaps
1,359

 
8

 
21

 
(75
)
Options
7,358

 
1,042

 
652

 
103

Interest rate contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floors
1,800

 
61

 

 
11

Swaps
13,718

 
351

 
108

 
(376
)
Futures
8,685

 

 

 
(165
)
Swaptions

 

 

 
118

Credit contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps
2,442

 
16

 
38

 
5

Other freestanding contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency contracts
263

 
5

 
4

 
2

Net investment income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(578
)
Embedded derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GMIB reinsurance contracts

 
10,570

 

 
(760
)
GIB and GWBL and Other Features(2)

 

 
184

 
(19
)
SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL indexed features(3)

 

 
310

 
(125
)
Total
$
42,714

 
$
12,055

 
$
1,320

 
$
(1,482
)

(1)
Reported in Other invested assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
(2)
Reported in Future policy benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
(3)
SCS and SIO indexed features are reported in Policyholders’ account balances; MSO and IUL indexed features are reported in Future policyholders’ benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets
Equity-Based and Treasury Futures Contracts
All outstanding equity-based and treasury futures contracts at June 30, 2016 are exchange-traded and net settled daily in cash. At June 30, 2016, the Company had open exchange-traded futures positions on: (i) the S&P 500, Russell 2000, and Emerging Market indices, having initial margin requirements of $253 million, (ii) the 2-year, 5-year and 10-year U.S. Treasury Notes on U.S. Treasury bonds and ultra-long bonds, having initial margin requirements of $32 million and (iii) the Euro Stoxx, FTSE 100, Topix, ASX 200, and European, Australasia, and Far East (“EAFE”) indices as well as corresponding currency futures on the Euro/U.S. dollar, Pound/U.S. dollar, Australian dollar/U.S. dollar, and Yen/U.S. dollar, having initial margin requirements of $46 million.
Credit Risk
Although notional amount is the most commonly used measure of volume in the derivatives market, it is not used as a measure of credit risk. A derivative with positive fair value (a derivative asset) indicates existence of credit risk because the counterparty would owe money to the Company if the contract were closed at the reporting date. Alternatively, a derivative contract with negative fair value (a derivative liability) indicates the Company would owe money to the counterparty if the contract were closed at the reporting date. To reduce credit exposures in OTC derivative transactions the Company generally enters into master agreements that provide for a netting of financial exposures with the counterparty and allow for collateral arrangements as further described below under “ISDA Master Agreements.” The Company further controls and minimizes its counterparty exposure through a credit appraisal and approval process.

31


ISDA Master Agreements
Netting Provisions. The standardized “ISDA Master Agreement” under which the Company conducts its OTC derivative transactions includes provisions for payment netting. In the normal course of business activities, if there is more than one derivative transaction with a single counterparty, the Company will set-off the cash flows of those derivatives into a single amount to be exchanged in settlement of the resulting net payable or receivable with that counterparty. In the event of default, insolvency, or other similar event pre-defined under the ISDA Master Agreement that would result in termination of OTC derivatives transactions before their maturity, netting procedures would be applied to calculate a single net payable or receivable with the counterparty.
Collateral Arrangements. The Company generally has executed a CSA under the ISDA Master Agreement it maintains with each of its OTC derivative counterparties that requires both posting and accepting collateral either in the form of cash or high-quality securities, such as U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. government and government agency securities and investment grade corporate bonds. These CSAs are bilateral agreements that require collateral postings by the party “out-of-the-money” or in a net derivative liability position. Various thresholds for the amount and timing of collateralization of net liability positions are applicable. Consequently, the credit exposure of the Company’s OTC derivative contracts is limited to the net positive estimated fair value of those contracts at the reporting date after taking into consideration the existence of netting agreements and any collateral received pursuant to CSAs. Derivatives are recognized at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets and are reported either as assets in Other invested assets or as liabilities in Other liabilities, except for embedded insurance-related derivatives as described above and derivatives transacted with a related counterparty. The Company nets the fair value of all derivative financial instruments with counterparties for which an ISDA Master Agreement and related CSA have been executed.
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the Company held $1,484 million and $655 million in cash and securities collateral delivered by trade counterparties, representing the fair value of the related derivative agreements. This unrestricted cash collateral is reported in Cash and cash equivalents, and the obligation to return it is reported in Other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The aggregate fair value of all collateralized derivative transactions that were in a liability position with trade counterparties at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, were $0 million and $5 million, for which the Company posted collateral of $3 million and $5 million at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, in the normal operation of its collateral arrangements. Certain of the Company’s ISDA Master Agreements contain contingent provisions that permit the counterparty to terminate the ISDA Master Agreement if the Company’s credit rating falls below a specified threshold, however, the occurrence of such credit event would not impose additional collateral requirements.
Securities Repurchase and Reverse Repurchase Transactions
Securities repurchase and reverse repurchase transactions are conducted by the Company under a standardized securities industry master agreement, amended to suit the specificities of each respective counterparty. These agreements generally provide detail as to the nature of the transaction, including provisions for payment netting, establish parameters concerning the ownership and custody of the collateral securities, including the right to substitute collateral during the term of the agreement, and provide for remedies in the event of default by either party. Amounts due to/from the same counterparty under these arrangements generally would be netted in the event of default and subject to rights of set-off in bankruptcy. The Company’s securities repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements are accounted for as secured borrowing or lending arrangements, respectively and are reported in the consolidated balance sheets on a gross basis. The Company obtains or posts collateral generally in the form of cash and U.S. Treasury, corporate and government agency securities. The fair value of the securities to be repurchased or resold are monitored on a daily basis with additional collateral posted or obtained as necessary. Securities to be repurchased or resold are the same, or substantially the same, as those initially transacted under the arrangement. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the balance outstanding under reverse repurchase transactions was $673 million and $79 million, respectively. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the balance outstanding under securities repurchase transactions was $2,488 million and $1,890 million, respectively. The Company utilized these repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements for asset liability and cash management purposes. For other instruments used for asset liability management purposes, see “Obligation under funding agreements” included in Note 13.

32


The following table presents information about the Insurance Segment’s offsetting financial assets and liabilities and derivative instruments at June 30, 2016.
Offsetting Financial Assets and Liabilities and Derivative Instruments
At June 30, 2016
 
Gross
Amounts
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheets
 
Net Amounts
Presented in the
Balance Sheets
 
(In Millions)
ASSETS(1)
 
 
 
 
 
Description
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
Equity contracts
$
1,312

 
$
839

 
$
473

Interest rate contracts
1,077

 
27

 
1,050

Credit contracts
16

 
26

 
(10
)
Currency

 
7

 
(7
)
Total Derivatives, subject to an ISDA Master Agreement
2,405

 
899

 
1,506

Total Derivatives, not subject to an ISDA Master Agreement
13

 

 
13

Total Derivatives(2)
2,418

 
899

 
1,519

Other financial instruments(4)
1,116

 

 
1,116

Other invested assets
$
3,534

 
$
899

 
$
2,635

Securities purchased under agreement to resell
$
673

 
$

 
$
673

LIABILITIES(3)
 
 
 
 
 
Description
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
Equity contracts
$
839

 
$
839

 
$

Interest rate contracts
27

 
27

 

Credit contracts
26

 
26

 

Currency
7

 
7

 

Total Derivatives, subject to an ISDA Master Agreement
899

 
899

 

Total Derivatives, not subject to an ISDA Master Agreement

 

 

Total Derivatives
899

 
899

 

Other financial liabilities
3,574

 

 
3,574

Other liabilities
$
4,473

 
$
899

 
$
3,574

Securities sold under agreement to repurchase(5)
$
2,485

 
$

 
$
2,485

 
(1)
Excludes Investment Management segment’s $66 million net derivative assets (including derivative assets of consolidated VIEs), $8 million long exchange traded options and $34 million of securities borrowed.
(2)
Includes $137 million of accrued interest related to derivative instruments reported in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
(3)
Excludes Investment Management segment’s $73 million net derivative liabilities (including derivative liabilities of consolidated VIEs), $0 million short exchange traded options and $13 million of securities loaned.
(4)
Includes margin of $(92) million related to derivative instruments.
(5)
Excludes expense accrual of $3 million in securities sold under agreement to repurchase.


33


The following table presents information about the Insurance segment’s gross collateral amounts that are not offset in the consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2016.
Gross Collateral Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
At June 30, 2016
 
Net Amounts Presented in the Balance Sheets
 
Collateral (Received)/Held
 
 
 
Financial
Instruments
 
Cash
 
Net
Amounts
 
(In Millions)
ASSETS:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Counterparty A
$
67

 
$

 
$
(53
)
 
$
14

Counterparty B
73

 

 
(73
)
 

Counterparty C
160

 

 
(160
)
 

Counterparty D
271

 

 
(271
)
 

Counterparty E
106

 

 
(106
)
 

Counterparty F
100

 

 
(100
)
 

Counterparty G
196

 

 
(171
)
 
25

Counterparty H
25

 
(22
)
 

 
3

Counterparty I
160

 

 
(160
)
 

Counterparty J
106

 

 
(106
)
 

Counterparty K
39

 

 
(18
)
 
21

Counterparty L
7

 

 
(7
)
 

Counterparty M
141

 

 
(141
)
 

Counterparty N
13

 

 

 
13

Counterparty Q
2

 

 
(2
)
 

Counterparty T
19

 

 
(18
)
 
1

Counterparty U
19

 

 
(17
)
 
2

Counterparty V
15

 

 
2

 
$
17

Total derivatives(2)
$
1,519

 
$
(22
)
 
$
(1,401
)
 
$
96

Other financial instruments(4)
1,116

 

 

 
1,116

Other invested assets
$
2,635

 
$
(22
)
 
$
(1,401
)
 
$
1,212

Counterparty M
$
137

 
$
(82
)
 
$

 
$
55

Counterparty H
536

 
(536
)
 

 

Securities purchased under agreement to resell
$
673

 
$
(618
)
 
$

 
$
55

LIABILITIES:(3)
 
 
 
 
 
 

Counterparty D
$
735

 
$
(735
)
 
$

 
$

Counterparty M
1,272

 
(1,272
)
 

 

Counterparty H
478

 
(478
)
 

 

Securities sold under agreement to repurchase (5)
$
2,485

 
$
(2,485
)
 
$

 
$

 
(1)
Excludes Investment Management segment’s cash collateral received of $1 million related to derivative assets (including those related to derivative assets of consolidated VIEs) and $34 million related to securities borrowed.
(2)
Includes $137 million of accrued interest related to derivative instruments reported in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
(3)
Excludes Investment Management segment’s cash collateral pledged of $15 million related to derivative liabilities (including those related to derivative liabilities of consolidated VIEs) and $13 million related to securities loaned.
(4)
Includes margin of $(92) million related to derivative instruments.
(5)
Excludes expense accrual of $3 million in securities sold under agreement to repurchase.


34


The following table presents information about repurchase agreements accounted for as secured borrowings in the consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2016.
Repurchase Agreement Accounted for as Secured Borrowings(1)
 
At June 30, 2016
 
Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
 
Overnight and
Continuous
 
Up to 30
days
 
30–90
days
 
Greater Than
90 days
 
Total
 
(In Millions)
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase(2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
$

 
$
2,485

 
$

 
$

 
$
2,485

Total
$

 
$
2,485

 
$

 
$

 
$
2,485

Securities purchased under agreement to resell
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate securities
$

 
$
590

 
$
83

 
$

 
$
673

Total
$

 
$
590

 
$
83

 
$

 
$
673

 
(1)
Excludes Investment Management segment’s $34 million of securities borrowed and $13 million of securities loaned.
(2)
Excludes expense accrual of $3 million in securities sold under agreement to repurchase.

35


The following table presents information about the Insurance segment’s offsetting financial assets and liabilities and derivative instruments at December 31, 2015.
Offsetting Financial Assets and Liabilities and Derivative Instruments
At December 31, 2015
 
Gross
Amounts
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheets
 
Net Amounts
Presented in the
Balance Sheets
 
(In Millions)
ASSETS(1)
 
 
 
 
 
Description
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
Equity contracts
$
1,049

 
$
673

 
$
376

Interest rate contracts
389

 
104

 
285

Credit contracts
14

 
37

 
(23
)
Total Derivatives, subject to an ISDA Master Agreement
1,452

 
814

 
638

Total Derivatives, not subject to an ISDA Master Agreement
20

 

 
20

Total Derivatives(2)
1,472

 
814

 
658

Other financial instruments(4)
1,271

 

 
1,271

Other invested assets
$
2,743

 
$
814

 
$
1,929

Securities purchased under agreement to resell
$
79

 
$

 
$
79

LIABILITIES(3)
 
 
 
 
 
Description
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
Equity contracts
$
673

 
$
673

 
$

Interest rate contracts
104

 
104

 

Credit contracts
37

 
37

 

Total Derivatives, subject to an ISDA Master Agreement
814

 
814

 

Total Derivatives, not subject to an ISDA Master Agreement

 

 

Total Derivatives
814

 
814

 

Other financial liabilities
2,586

 

 
2,586

Other liabilities
$
3,400

 
$
814

 
$
2,586

Securities sold under agreement to repurchase
$
1,890

 
$

 
$
1,890

 
(1)
Excludes Investment Management segment’s $13 million net derivative assets, $6 million long exchange traded options and $75 million of securities borrowed.
(2)
Includes $141 million of accrued interest related to derivative instruments reported in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
(3)
Excludes Investment Management segment’s $12 million net derivative liabilities, $1 million short exchange traded options and $10 million of securities loaned.
(4)
Includes margin of $(2) million related to derivative instruments.


36


The following table presents information about the Insurance segment’s gross collateral amounts that are not offset in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2015.
Gross Collateral Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
At December 31, 2015
 
 
Net Amounts Presented in the Balance Sheets
 
Collateral (Received)/Held
 
 
 
Financial
Instruments
 
Cash
 
Net
Amounts
 
(In Millions)
ASSETS:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Counterparty A
$
52

 
$

 
$
(52
)
 
$

Counterparty B
9

 

 
(7
)
 
2

Counterparty C
61

 

 
(58
)
 
3

Counterparty D
222

 

 
(218
)
 
4

Counterparty E
53

 

 
(53
)
 

Counterparty F
(2
)
 

 
2

 

Counterparty G
129

 

 
(129
)
 

Counterparty H
16

 
(11
)
 
(5
)
 

Counterparty I
44

 

 
(39
)
 
5

Counterparty J
19

 

 
(13
)
 
6

Counterparty K
17

 

 
(17
)
 

Counterparty L
7

 

 
(7
)
 

Counterparty M
11

 

 
(10
)
 
1

Counterparty N
20

 

 

 
20

Counterparty Q

 

 

 

Counterparty T
(3
)
 

 
3

 

Counterparty U

 

 
1

 
1

Counterparty V
3

 

 
(3
)
 

Total Derivatives(2)
$
658

 
$
(11
)
 
$
(605
)
 
$
42

Other financial instruments(4)
1,271

 

 

 
1,271

Other invested assets
$
1,929

 
$
(11
)
 
$
(605
)
 
$
1,313

Counterparty M
$
28

 
$
(28
)
 
$

 
$

Counterparty V
51

 
(51
)
 

 

Securities purchased under agreement to resell
$
79

 
$
(79
)
 
$

 
$

LIABILITIES(3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Counterparty D
$
234

 
$
(234
)
 
$

 
$

Counterparty C
1,033

 
(1,016
)
 
(17
)
 

Counterparty M
623

 
(611
)
 
(12
)
 

Securities sold under agreement to repurchase
$
1,890

 
$
(1,861
)
 
$
(29
)
 
$

 
(1)
Excludes Investment Management segment’s cash collateral received of $2 million related to derivative assets and $75 million related to securities borrowed.
(2)
Includes $141 million of accrued interest related to derivative instruments reported in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
(3)
Excludes Investment Management segment’s cash collateral pledged of $12 million related to derivative liabilities and $10 million related to securities loaned.
(4)
Includes margin of $(2) million related to derivative instruments.


37


The following table presents information about repurchase agreements accounted for as secured borrowings in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2015.
Repurchase Agreement Accounted for as Secured Borrowings(1) 

 
At December 31, 2015
 
Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
 
Overnight and
Continuous
 
Up to 30
days
 
30–90
days
 
Greater 
Than
90 days
 
Total
 
(In Millions)
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities
$

 
$
1,865

 
$
25

 
$

 
$
1,890

Total
$

 
$
1,865

 
$
25

 
$

 
$
1,890

Securities purchased under agreement to resell
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate securities
$

 
$
79

 
$

 
$

 
$
79

Total
$

 
$
79

 
$

 
$

 
$
79


(1)
Excludes Investment Management segment’s $75 million of securities borrowed and $10 million of securities loaned.


38


4)
CLOSED BLOCK
The excess of Closed Block liabilities over Closed Block assets (adjusted to exclude the impact of related amounts in AOCI) represents the expected maximum future post-tax earnings from the Closed Block that would be recognized in income from continuing operations over the period the policies and contracts in the Closed Block remain in force. As of January 1, 2001, AXA Equitable has developed an actuarial calculation of the expected timing of AXA Equitable’s Closed Block’s earnings.
If the actual cumulative earnings from the Closed Block are greater than the expected cumulative earnings, only the expected earnings will be recognized in net income. Actual cumulative earnings in excess of expected cumulative earnings at any point in time are recorded as a policyholder dividend obligation because they will ultimately be paid to Closed Block policyholders as an additional policyholder dividend unless offset by future performance that is less favorable than originally expected. If a policyholder dividend obligation has been previously established and the actual Closed Block earnings in a subsequent period are less than the expected earnings for that period, the policyholder dividend obligation would be reduced (but not below zero). If, over the period the policies and contracts in the Closed Block remain in force, the actual cumulative earnings of the Closed Block are less than the expected cumulative earnings, only actual earnings would be recognized in income from continuing operations. If the Closed Block has insufficient funds to make guaranteed policy benefit payments, such payments will be made from assets outside the Closed Block.
Many expenses related to Closed Block operations, including amortization of DAC, are charged to operations outside of the Closed Block; accordingly, net revenues of the Closed Block do not represent the actual profitability of the Closed Block operations. Operating costs and expenses outside of the Closed Block are, therefore, disproportionate to the business outside of the Closed Block.
Summarized financial information for the Closed Block follows:
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
(In Millions)
CLOSED BLOCK LIABILITIES:
 
 
 
Future policy benefits, policyholders’ account balances and other
$
7,248

 
$
7,363

Policyholder dividend obligation
221

 
81

Other liabilities
58

 
100

Total Closed Block liabilities
7,527

 
7,544

ASSETS DESIGNATED TO THE CLOSED BLOCK:
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $4,152 and $4,426)
4,464

 
4,599

Mortgage loans on real estate
1,736

 
1,575

Policy loans
858

 
881

Cash and other invested assets
134

 
49

Other assets
166

 
258

Total assets designated to the Closed Block
7,358

 
7,362

Excess of Closed Block liabilities over assets designated to the Closed Block
169

 
182

Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
Net unrealized investment gains (losses), net of deferred income tax (expense) benefit of $(35) and $(36) and policyholder dividend obligation of $(221) and $(81)
66

 
67

Maximum Future Earnings To Be Recognized From Closed Block Assets and Liabilities
$
235

 
$
249


39


Closed Block revenues and expenses were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
REVENUES:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premiums and other income
$
60

 
$
66

 
$
122

 
$
135

Net investment income (loss)
84

 
99

 
174

 
191

Net investment gains (losses)

 
(2
)
 
1

 
(1
)
Total revenues
144

 
163

 
297

 
325

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Policyholders’ benefits and dividends
138

 
143

 
273

 
296

Other operating costs and expenses
1

 
1

 
2

 
1

Total benefits and other deductions
139

 
144

 
275

 
297

Net revenues (loss) before income taxes
5

 
19

 
22

 
28

Income tax (expense) benefit
3

 
4

 
(8
)
 
1

Net Revenues (Losses)
$
8

 
$
23

 
$
14

 
$
29

Reconciliation of the policyholder dividend obligation follows:
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Balances, beginning of year
$
81

 
$
201

Unrealized investment gains (losses), net of DAC
140

 
(61
)
Balances, End of Period
$
221

 
$
140



40


5)
GMDB, GMIB, GIB, GWBL AND OTHER FEATURES AND NO LAPSE GUARANTEE FEATURES
A) Variable Annuity Contracts – GMDB, GMIB, GIB and GWBL and Other Features
The Company has certain variable annuity contracts with GMDB, GMIB, GIB and GWBL and other features in-force that guarantee one of the following:
 
Return of Premium: the benefit is the greater of current account value or premiums paid (adjusted for withdrawals);
Ratchet: the benefit is the greatest of current account value, premiums paid (adjusted for withdrawals), or the highest account value on any anniversary up to contractually specified ages (adjusted for withdrawals);
Roll-Up: the benefit is the greater of current account value or premiums paid (adjusted for withdrawals) accumulated at contractually specified interest rates up to specified ages;
Combo: the benefit is the greater of the ratchet benefit or the roll-up benefit, which may include either a five year or an annual reset; or
Withdrawal: the withdrawal is guaranteed up to a maximum amount per year for life.
The following table summarizes the GMDB and GMIB liabilities, before reinsurance ceded, reflected in the Balance Sheet in future policy benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities:
 
GMDB    
 
GMIB    
 
Total    
 
(In Millions)
Balance at January 1, 2016
$
2,986

 
$
5,297

 
$
8,283

Paid guarantee benefits
(195
)
 
(218
)
 
(413
)
Other changes in reserve
361

 
1,080

 
1,441

Balance at June 30, 2016
$
3,152

 
$
6,159

 
$
9,311

Balance at January 1, 2015
$
1,729

 
$
5,644

 
$
7,373

Paid guarantee benefits
(139
)
 
(29
)
 
(168
)
Other changes in reserve
290

 
360

 
650

Balance at June 30, 2015
$
1,880

 
$
5,975

 
$
7,855

Related GMDB reinsurance ceded amounts were:
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Balance, beginning of year
$
1,430

 
$
832

Paid guarantee benefits
(92
)
 
(66
)
Other changes in reserve
192

 
134

Balance, End of Period
$
1,530

 
$
900

The GMIB reinsurance contracts are considered derivatives and are reported at fair value.

41


The June 30, 2016 values for variable annuity contracts in-force on such date with GMDB and GMIB features are presented in the following table. For contracts with the GMDB feature, the net amount at risk in the event of death is the amount by which the GMDB benefits exceed related account values. For contracts with the GMIB feature, the net amount at risk in the event of annuitization is the amount by which the present value of the GMIB benefits exceeds related account values, taking into account the relationship between current annuity purchase rates and the GMIB guaranteed annuity purchase rates. Since variable annuity contracts with GMDB guarantees may also offer GMIB guarantees in the same contract, the GMDB and GMIB amounts listed are not mutually exclusive:

 
Return of
Premium
 
Ratchet
 
Roll-Up
 
Combo
 
Total
 
(Dollars In Millions)
GMDB:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Account values invested in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General Account
$
13,361

 
$
127

 
$
76

 
$
237

 
$
13,801

Separate Accounts
$
38,903

 
$
8,628

 
$
3,370

 
$
33,311

 
$
84,212

Net amount at risk, gross
$
347

 
$
358

 
$
2,394

 
$
16,694

 
$
19,793

Net amount at risk, net of amounts reinsured
$
347

 
$
253

 
$
1,630

 
$
7,242

 
$
9,472

Average attained age of contractholders
51.2

 
65.6

 
65.6

 
66.7

 
55.1

Percentage of contractholders over age 70
9.1
%
 
36.0
%
 
59.1
%
 
39.4
%
 
16.9
%
Range of contractually specified interest rates
N/A

 
N/A

 
3%-6%

 
3%-6.5%

 
3%-6.5%

GMIB:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Account values invested in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General Account
N/A

 
N/A

 
$
35

 
$
340

 
$
375

Separate Accounts
N/A

 
N/A

 
$
16,729

 
$
39,413

 
$
56,142

Net amount at risk, gross
N/A

 
N/A

 
$
1,409

 
$
9,510

 
$
10,919

Net amount at risk, net of amounts reinsured
N/A

 
N/A

 
$
419

 
$
2,488

 
$
2,907

Weighted average years remaining until annuitization
N/A

 
N/A

 
1.5

 
1.6

 
1.6

Range of contractually specified interest rates
N/A

 
N/A

 
3%-6%

 
3%-6.5%

 
3%-6.5%

At June 30, 2016, the Company had reinsured with non-affiliates and affiliates in the aggregate approximately 3.9% and 48.2%, respectively, of its current exposure to the GMDB obligation on annuity contracts in-force and, subject to certain maximum amounts or caps in any one period, approximately 18.1% and 55.2%, respectively, of its current liability exposure resulting from the GMIB feature.
The liability for SCS, SIO, MSO, IUL, GIB and GWBL and Other Features, not included above, was $740 million and $494 million at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, which are accounted for as embedded derivatives. The liability for GIB, GWBL and Other Features reflects the present value of expected future payments (benefits) less the fees attributable to these features over a range of market consistent economic scenarios. The liability for SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL reflects the present value of expected future payments assuming the segments are held to maturity.

Variable Annuity In-force management. The Company continues to proactively manage its variable annuity in-force business. Beginning in 2012, the Company initiated several programs to purchase from certain contractholders the GMDB and GMIB riders contained in their Accumulator® contracts. Most recently in December 2015, the Company initiated a program to give contractholders an option to elect a full buyout of their rider or a new partial (50%) buyout of their rider.  The Company believes that the buyback programs are mutually beneficial to both the Company and contractholders who no longer need or want the GMDB or GMIB rider.  To reflect the actual payments and reinsurance credit received from the December 2015 buyback that completed in March 2016 the Company recognized a $4 million increase to Net earnings in the first six months of 2016. For additional information, see “Accounting for VA Guarantee Features” in Note 2.


42


B) Separate Account Investments by Investment Category Underlying GMDB and GMIB Features

The total account values of variable annuity contracts with GMDB and GMIB features include amounts allocated to the guaranteed interest option, which is part of the General Account and variable investment options that invest through Separate Accounts in variable insurance trusts. The following table presents the aggregate fair value of assets, by major investment category, held by Separate Accounts that support variable annuity contracts with GMDB and GMIB benefits and guarantees. The investment performance of the assets impacts the related account values and, consequently, the net amount of risk associated with the GMDB and GMIB benefits and guarantees. Since variable annuity contracts with GMDB benefits and guarantees may also offer GMIB benefits and guarantees in each contract, the GMDB and GMIB amounts listed are not mutually exclusive:

Investment in Variable Insurance Trust Mutual Funds

 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
(In Millions)
GMDB:
 
 
 
Equity
$
66,553

 
$
66,230

Fixed income
2,681

 
2,686

Balanced
14,617

 
15,350

Other
361

 
374

Total
$
84,212

 
$
84,640

GMIB:
 
 
 
Equity
$
43,975

 
$
43,874

Fixed income
1,801

 
1,819

Balanced
10,211

 
10,696

Other
155

 
170

Total
$
56,142

 
$
56,559

C) Hedging Programs for GMDB and GMIB Features
Beginning in 2003, AXA Equitable established a program intended to hedge certain risks associated first with the GMDB feature and, beginning in 2004, with the GMIB feature of the Accumulator® series of variable annuity products. The program has also been extended to cover other guaranteed benefits as they have been made available. This program utilizes derivative contracts, such as exchange-traded equity, currency, and interest rate futures contracts, total return and/or equity swaps, interest rate swap and floor contracts, swaptions, variance swaps as well as equity options, that collectively are managed in an effort to reduce the economic impact of unfavorable changes in guaranteed benefits’ exposures attributable to movements in the equity and fixed income markets. At the present time, this program hedges certain economic risks on products sold, to the extent such risks are not reinsured. At June 30, 2016, the total account value and net amount at risk of the hedged variable annuity contracts were $50,462 million and $8,294 million, respectively, with the GMDB feature and $33,561 million and $2,485 million, respectively, with the GMIB and GIB feature.
These programs do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Therefore, gains (losses) on the derivatives contracts used in these programs, including current period changes in fair value, are recognized in net investment income (loss) in the period in which they occur, and may contribute to earnings (loss) volatility.
D) Variable and Interest-Sensitive Life Insurance Policies - No Lapse Guarantee
The no lapse guarantee feature contained in variable and interest-sensitive life insurance policies keeps them in force in situations where the policy value is not sufficient to cover monthly charges then due. The no lapse guarantee remains in effect so long as the policy meets a contractually specified premium funding test and certain other requirements.

43


The following table summarizes the no lapse guarantee liabilities reflected in the Balance Sheet in Future policy benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities and the related reinsurance ceded:

 
Direct
Liability
 
Reinsurance
Ceded
 
Net    
 
(In Millions)
Balance at January 1, 2016
$
1,084

 
$
(539
)
 
$
545

Other changes in reserves
85

 
(32
)
 
53

Balance at June 30, 2016
$
1,169

 
$
(571
)
 
$
598

Balance at January 1, 2015
$
964

 
$
(555
)
 
$
409

Other changes in reserves
115

 
(44
)
 
71

Balance at June 30, 2015
$
1,079

 
$
(599
)
 
$
480



44


6)
FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The accounting guidance established a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value, and identifies three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
 
Level 1
Unadjusted quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets. Level 1 fair values generally are supported by market transactions that occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2
Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar instruments, quoted prices in markets that are not active, and inputs to model-derived valuations that are directly observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3
Unobservable inputs supported by little or no market activity and often requiring significant management judgment or estimation, such as an entity’s own assumptions about the cash flows or other significant components of value that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
The Company uses unadjusted quoted market prices to measure the fair value of instruments that are actively traded in financial markets. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are measured using present value or other valuation techniques. The fair value determinations are made at a specific point in time, based on available market information and judgments about the financial instrument, including estimates of the timing and amount of expected future cash flows and the credit standing of counterparties. Such adjustments do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument, nor do they consider the tax impact of the realization of unrealized gains or losses. In many cases, the fair value cannot be substantiated by direct comparison to independent markets, nor can the disclosed value be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument.
Management is responsible for the determination of the value of investments carried at fair value and the supporting methodologies and assumptions. Under the terms of various service agreements, the Company often utilizes independent valuation service providers to gather, analyze, and interpret market information and derive fair values based upon relevant methodologies and assumptions for individual securities. These independent valuation service providers typically obtain data about market transactions and other key valuation model inputs from multiple sources and, through the use of widely accepted valuation models, provide a single fair value measurement for individual securities for which a fair value has been requested. As further described below with respect to specific asset classes, these inputs include, but are not limited to, market prices for recent trades and transactions in comparable securities, benchmark yields, interest rate yield curves, credit spreads, quoted prices for similar securities, and other market-observable information, as applicable. Specific attributes of the security being valued also are considered, including its term, interest rate, credit rating, industry sector, and when applicable, collateral quality and other security- or issuer-specific information. When insufficient market observable information is available upon which to measure fair value, the Company either will request brokers knowledgeable about these securities to provide a non-binding quote or will employ internal valuation models. Fair values received from independent valuation service providers and brokers and those internally modeled or otherwise estimated are assessed for reasonableness.

45


Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below. Fair value measurements also are required on a non-recurring basis for certain assets, including goodwill equity real estate held for production of income, and mortgage loans on real estate, only when an OTTI or other event occurs. When such fair value measurements are recorded, they must be classified and disclosed within the fair value hierarchy. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, no assets were required to be measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

Fair Value Measurements at June 30, 2016
 
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
(In Millions)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public Corporate
$

 
$
13,992

 
$
72

 
$
14,064

Private Corporate

 
6,665

 
423

 
7,088

U.S. Treasury, government and agency

 
13,299

 

 
13,299

States and political subdivisions

 
490

 
45

 
535

Foreign governments

 
396

 

 
396

Commercial mortgage-backed

 
18

 
402

 
420

Residential mortgage-backed(1)

 
586

 

 
586

Asset-backed(2)

 
40

 
26

 
66

Redeemable preferred stock
240

 
362

 

 
602

Subtotal
240

 
35,848

 
968

 
37,056

Other equity investments
77

 

 
6

 
83

Assets of consolidated VIEs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments
100

 
135

 
12

 
247

Other asset - derivatives

 
57

 

 
57

Trading securities
563

 
7,280

 

 
7,843

Other invested assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term investments

 
308

 

 
308

Swaps

 
995

 

 
995

Credit Default Swaps

 
(9
)
 

 
(9
)
Futures
(1
)
 

 

 
(1
)
Options

 
503

 

 
503

Floors

 
38

 

 
38

Currency Contracts

 
(7
)
 

 
(7
)
Subtotal
(1
)
 
1,828

 

 
1,827

Cash equivalents
2,479

 

 

 
2,479

Segregated securities

 
666

 

 
666

GMIB reinsurance contract asset

 

 
13,311

 
13,311

Separate Accounts’ assets
104,472

 
2,773

 
307

 
107,552

Total Assets
$
107,930

 
$
48,587

 
$
14,604

 
$
171,121

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GWBL and Other Features’ liability
$

 
$

 
$
330

 
$
330

SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL indexed features’ liability

 
410

 

 
410

Liabilities of consolidated VIEs - Derivatives

 
57

 

 
57

Contingent payment arrangements
 
 
 
 
31

 
31

Total Liabilities
$

 
$
467

 
$
361

 
$
828


(1)
Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized obligations.
(2)
Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages and other asset types and credit tenant loans.

46


Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2015

 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
(In Millions)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public Corporate
$

 
$
13,345

 
$
31

 
$
13,376

Private Corporate

 
6,537

 
389

 
6,926

U.S. Treasury, government and agency

 
8,775

 

 
8,775

States and political subdivisions

 
459

 
45

 
504

Foreign governments

 
414

 
1

 
415

Commercial mortgage-backed

 
30

 
503

 
533

Residential mortgage-backed(1)

 
640

 

 
640

Asset-backed(2)

 
37

 
40

 
77

Redeemable preferred stock
258

 
389

 

 
647

Subtotal
258

 
30,626

 
1,009

 
31,893

Other equity investments
97

 

 
49

 
146

Trading securities
654

 
6,151

 

 
6,805

Other invested assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term investments

 
369

 

 
369

Swaps

 
230

 

 
230

Credit Default Swaps

 
(22
)
 

 
(22
)
Futures
(1
)
 

 

 
(1
)
Options

 
390

 

 
390

Floors

 
61

 

 
61

Currency Contracts

 
1

 

 
1

Subtotal
(1
)
 
1,029

 

 
1,028

Cash equivalents
2,150

 

 

 
2,150

Segregated securities

 
565

 

 
565

GMIB reinsurance contract asset

 

 
10,570

 
10,570

Separate Accounts’ assets
104,058

 
2,964

 
313

 
107,335

Total Assets
$
107,216

 
$
41,335

 
$
11,941

 
$
160,492

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GWBL and Other Features’ liability
$

 
$

 
$
184

 
$
184

SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL indexed features’ liability

 
310

 

 
310

Contingent payment arrangements

 

 
31

 
31

Total Liabilities
$

 
$
310

 
$
215

 
$
525


(1)
Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized obligations.
(2)
Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages and other asset types and credit tenant loans.
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the fair value of public fixed maturities is approximately $29,357 million and $24,216 million or approximately 18.7% and 16.2% of the Company’s total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis (excluding GMIB reinsurance contracts and segregated securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis). The fair values of the Company’s public fixed maturity securities are generally based on prices obtained from independent valuation service providers and for which the Company maintains a vendor hierarchy by asset type based on historical pricing experience and vendor expertise. Although each security generally is priced by multiple independent valuation service providers, the Company ultimately uses the price received from the independent valuation service provider highest in the vendor hierarchy based on the respective asset type, with limited exception. To validate reasonableness, prices also are internally reviewed by those with relevant expertise through comparison with directly observed recent market trades. Consistent with the fair value hierarchy, public fixed maturity securities validated in this manner generally

47


are reflected within Level 2, as they are primarily based on observable pricing for similar assets and/or other market observable inputs. If the pricing information received from independent valuation service providers is not reflective of market activity or other inputs observable in the market, the Company may challenge the price through a formal process in accordance with the terms of the respective independent valuation service provider agreement. If as a result it is determined that the independent valuation service provider is able to reprice the security in a manner agreed as more consistent with current market observations, the security remains within Level 2. Alternatively, a Level 3 classification may result if the pricing information then is sourced from another vendor, non-binding broker quotes, or internally-developed valuations for which the Company’s own assumptions about market-participant inputs would be used in pricing the security.
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the fair value of private fixed maturities is approximately $7,699 million and $7,677 million or approximately 4.9% and 5.1% of the Company’s total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair values of the Company’s private fixed maturities are determined from prices obtained from independent valuation service providers. Prices not obtained from an independent valuation service provider are determined by using a discounted cash flow model or a market comparable company valuation technique. In certain cases, these models use observable inputs with a discount rate based upon the average of spread surveys collected from private market intermediaries who are active in both primary and secondary transactions, taking into account, among other factors, the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer and the reduced liquidity associated with private placements. Generally, these securities have been reflected within Level 2. For certain private fixed maturities, the discounted cash flow model or a market comparable company valuation technique may also incorporate unobservable inputs, which reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the inputs market participants would use in pricing the asset. To the extent management determines that such unobservable inputs are significant to the fair value measurement of a security, a Level 3 classification generally is made.
As disclosed in Note 3, at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the net fair value of freestanding derivative positions is approximately $1,519 million and $659 million or approximately 83.1% and 64.1% of Other invested assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair values of the Company’s derivative positions are generally based on prices obtained either from independent valuation service providers or derived by applying market inputs from recognized vendors into industry standard pricing models. The majority of these derivative contracts are traded in the OTC derivative market and are classified in Level 2. The fair values of derivative assets and liabilities traded in the OTC market are determined using quantitative models that require use of the contractual terms of the derivative instruments and multiple market inputs, including interest rates, prices, and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, including OIS curves and volatility factors, which then are applied to value the positions. The predominance of market inputs is actively quoted and can be validated through external sources or reliably interpolated if less observable. If the pricing information received from independent valuation service providers is not reflective of market activity or other inputs observable in the market, the Company may challenge the price through a formal process in accordance with the terms of the respective independent valuation service provider agreement. If, as a result, it is determined that the independent valuation service provider is able to reprice the derivative instrument in a manner agreed as more consistent with current market observations, the position remains within Level 2. Alternatively, a Level 3 classification may result if the pricing information then is sourced from another vendor, non-binding broker quotes, or internally-developed valuations for which the Company’s own assumptions about market-participant inputs would be used in pricing the security.
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, investments classified as Level 1 comprise approximately 68.7% and 71.8% of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and primarily include redeemable preferred stock, trading securities, cash equivalents and Separate Accounts assets. Fair value measurements classified as Level 1 include exchange-traded prices of fixed maturities, equity securities and derivative contracts, and net asset values for transacting subscriptions and redemptions of mutual fund shares held by Separate Accounts. Cash equivalents classified as Level 1 include money market accounts, overnight commercial paper and highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less, and are carried at cost as a proxy for fair value measurement due to their short-term nature.
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, investments classified as Level 2 comprise approximately 30.5% and 27.3% of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and primarily include U.S. government and agency securities and certain corporate debt securities, such as public and private fixed maturities. As market quotes generally are not readily available or accessible for these securities, their fair value measures are determined utilizing relevant information generated by market transactions involving comparable securities and often are based on model pricing techniques that effectively discount prospective cash flows to present value using appropriate sector-adjusted credit spreads commensurate with the security’s duration, also taking into consideration issuer-specific credit quality and liquidity. Segregated securities classified as Level 2 are U.S. Treasury Bills segregated by AB in a special reserve bank custody account for the exclusive benefit

48


of brokerage customers, as required by Rule 15c3-3 of the Exchange Act and for which fair values are based on quoted yields in secondary markets.
Observable inputs generally used to measure the fair value of securities classified as Level 2 include benchmark yields, reported secondary trades, issuer spreads, benchmark securities and other reference data. Additional observable inputs are used when available, and as may be appropriate, for certain security types, such as prepayment, default, and collateral information for the purpose of measuring the fair value of mortgage- and asset-backed securities. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, approximately $606 million and $673 million of AAA-rated mortgage- and asset-backed securities are classified as Level 2 for which the observability of market inputs to their pricing models is supported by sufficient, albeit more recently contracted, market activity in these sectors.
Certain AXA Equitable products such as the SCS and EQUI-VEST variable annuity products and the IUL product, as well as the MSO feature available in some AXA Equitable life contracts, offer investment options that permit the contract owner to participate in the performance of an index, ETF or commodity price.  These investment options (depending on the product and index selected) can have 1, 3 or 5 year terms and permit participation in the index, ETF or commodity price up to a segment-specific declared maximum rate. Under certain conditions that vary by product, e.g. holding these segments for the full term, these segments also shield policyholders from some or all negative investment performance associated with these indices, ETFs or commodity prices. These investment options have defined formulaic liability amounts, and the current values of the option component of these segment reserves are accounted for as Level 2 embedded derivatives. The fair values of these embedded derivatives are based on prices obtained from independent valuation service providers.
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, investments classified as Level 3 comprise approximately 0.8% and 0.9% of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and primarily include CMBS and corporate debt securities, such as private fixed maturities. Determinations to classify fair value measures within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy generally are based upon the significance of the unobservable factors to the overall fair value measurement. Included in the Level 3 classification at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, were approximately $145 million and $119 million of fixed maturities with indicative pricing obtained from brokers that otherwise could not be corroborated to market observable data. The Company applies various due-diligence procedures, as considered appropriate, to validate these non-binding broker quotes for reasonableness, based on its understanding of the markets, including use of internally-developed assumptions about inputs a market participant would use to price the security. In addition, approximately $429 million and $543 million of mortgage- and asset-backed securities, including CMBS, are classified as Level 3 at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The Company utilizes prices obtained from an independent valuation service vendor to measure fair value of CMBS securities.
The Company also issues certain benefits on its variable annuity products that are accounted for as derivatives and are also considered Level 3. The GMWB feature allows the policyholder to withdraw at minimum, over the life of the contract, an amount based on the contract’s benefit base. The GWBL feature allows the policyholder to withdraw, each year for the life of the contract, a specified annual percentage of an amount based on the contract’s benefit base. The GMAB feature increases the contract account value at the end of a specified period to a GMAB base. The GIB feature provides a lifetime annuity based on predetermined annuity purchase rates if and when the contract account value is depleted. This lifetime annuity is based on predetermined annuity purchase rates applied to a GIB base.
Level 3 also includes the GMIB reinsurance contract asset which is accounted for as derivative contracts. The GMIB reinsurance contract asset’s fair value reflects the present value of reinsurance premiums and recoveries and risk margins over a range of market consistent economic scenarios while the GIB and GWBL and Other Features related liability reflects the present value of expected future payments (benefits) less fees, adjusted for risk margins, attributable to the GIB and GWBL and Other Features over a range of market-consistent economic scenarios. The valuations of both the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and GIB and GWBL and Other Features’ liability incorporate significant non-observable assumptions related to policyholder behavior, risk margins and projections of equity Separate Account funds. The credit risks of the counterparty and of the Company are considered in determining the fair values of its GMIB reinsurance contract asset and GIB and GWBL and Other Features’ liability positions, respectively, after taking into account the effects of collateral arrangements. Incremental adjustment to the swap curve, adjusted for non-performance risk, is made to the resulting fair values of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset to reflect change in the claims-paying ratings of counterparties to the reinsurance treaties. After giving consideration to collateral arrangements, the Company reduced the fair value of its GMIB reinsurance contract asset by $210 million and $123 million at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, to recognize incremental counterparty non-performance risk. The unadjusted swap curve was determined to reflect a level of general swap market counterparty risk; therefore, no adjustment was made for purpose of determining the fair value of the GIB and GWBL and Other Features’ liability embedded derivative at June 30, 2016. Equity and fixed income volatilities were modeled to reflect the current market volatility.

49


The Company’s Level 3 liabilities include contingent payment arrangements associated with acquisitions in 2010, 2013 and 2014 by AB. At each reporting date, AB estimates the fair values of the contingent consideration expected to be paid based upon probability-weighted AUM and revenue projections, using unobservable market data inputs, which are included in Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.
In the first six months of 2016, AFS fixed maturities with fair values of $43 million were transferred out of Level 3 and into Level 2 principally due to the availability of trading activity and/or market observable inputs to measure and validate their fair values. In addition, AFS fixed maturities with Fair Value of $19 million were transferred from Level 2 into the Level 3 classification. These transfers in the aggregate represent approximately 0.3% of total equity at June 30, 2016.
In the first six months of 2015, AFS fixed maturities with fair values of $66 million were transferred out of Level 3 and into Level 2 principally due to the availability of trading activity and/or market observable inputs to measure and validate their fair values. In addition, AFS fixed maturities with Fair Value of $40 million were transferred from Level 2 in to the Level 3 classification. These transfers in the aggregate represent approximately 0.6% of total equity at June 30, 2015.


50


The table below presents a reconciliation for all Level 3 assets and liabilities for the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively:

Level 3 Instruments
Fair Value Measurements

 
Corporate
 
State and
Political
Sub-
divisions
 
Foreign
Govts
 
Commercial
Mortgage-
backed
 
Residential
Mortgage-
backed
 
Asset-
backed
 
(In Millions)
Balance, April 1, 2016
$
498

 
$
45

 
$

 
$
448

 
$

 
$
37

Total gains (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income (loss)

 

 

 

 

 

Investment gains (losses), net
1

 

 

 
(18
)
 

 

Subtotal
1

 

 

 
(18
)
 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss)
(1
)
 
1

 

 
1

 

 
2

Purchases
97

 

 

 

 

 

Issues

 

 

 

 

 

Sales
(58
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(27
)
 

 
(4
)
Settlements

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers into Level 3(1)
3

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3(1)
(45
)
 

 

 
(2
)
 

 
(9
)
Balance, June 30, 2016
$
495

 
$
45

 
$

 
$
402

 
$

 
$
26

Balance, April 1, 2015
$
399

 
$
48

 
$
2

 
$
686

 
$
2

 
$
51

Total gains (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income (loss)
1

 

 

 
1

 

 

Investment gains (losses), net
1

 

 

 
(18
)
 

 

Subtotal
2

 

 

 
(17
)
 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss)
(5
)
 
(2
)
 

 
21

 

 
1

Purchases
18

 

 

 

 

 

Issues

 

 

 

 

 

Sales
(32
)
 

 

 
(48
)
 
(1
)
 
(4
)
Transfers into Level 3(1)
1

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3(1)
(10
)
 

 
(2
)
 
(15
)
 

 

Balance, June 30, 2015
$
373

 
$
46

 
$

 
$
627

 
$
1

 
$
48


51


 
Corporate
 
State and
Political
Sub-
divisions
 
Foreign
Govts
 
Commercial
Mortgage-
backed
 
Residential
Mortgage-
backed
 
Asset-
backed
 
(In Millions)
Balance, January 1, 2016
$
420

 
$
45

 
$
1

 
$
503

 
$

 
$
40

Total gains (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income (loss)
(1
)
 

 

 

 

 

Investment gains (losses), net

 

 

 
(24
)
 

 

Subtotal
(1
)
 

 

 
(24
)
 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss)
8

 
1

 

 
(11
)
 

 
2

Purchases
150

 

 

 

 

 

Issues

 

 

 

 

 

Sales
(72
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(60
)
 

 
(7
)
Settlements

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers into Level 3(1)
17

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3(1)
(27
)
 

 
(1
)
 
(6
)
 

 
(9
)
Balance, June 30, 2016
$
495

 
$
45

 
$

 
$
402

 
$

 
$
26

Balance, January 1, 2015
$
380

 
$
47

 
$

 
$
715

 
$
2

 
$
53

Total gains (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income (loss)
1

 

 

 
1

 

 

Investment gains (losses), net
1

 

 

 
(20
)
 

 

Subtotal
2

 

 

 
(19
)
 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss)
(1
)
 
(1
)
 

 
34

 

 

Purchases
33

 

 

 

 

 

Sales
(35
)
 

 

 
(83
)
 
(1
)
 
(5
)
Transfers into Level 3(1)
40

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3(1)
(46
)
 

 

 
(20
)
 

 

Balance, June 30, 2015
$
373

 
$
46

 
$

 
$
627

 
$
1

 
$
48


52


 
Redeemable
Preferred
Stock
 
Other
Equity
Investments(2)
 
GMIB
Reinsurance
Asset
 
Separate
Accounts
Assets
 
GWBL
and Other
Features’
Liability
 
Contingent
Payment
Arrangement
 
(In Millions)
 
 
Balance, April 1, 2016
$

 
$
25

 
$
12,207

 
$
323

 
$
265

 
$
31

Total gains (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income (loss)

 

 

 

 

 
1

Investment gains (losses), net

 
(1
)
 

 
5

 

 

Increase (decrease) in the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset

 

 
1,065

 

 

 

Policyholders’ benefits

 

 

 

 
10

 

Subtotal

 
(1
)
 
1,065

 
5

 
10

 
1

Other comprehensive income (loss)

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases(3)

 

 
55

 
10

 
55

 

Issues

 

 

 

 

 

Sales(4) 

 

 
(16
)
 
(1
)
 

 

Settlements(5)

 

 

 
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
Transfers into Level 3(1)

 

 

 
1

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3(1)

 
(6
)
 

 
(30
)
 

 

Balance, June 30, 2016
$

 
$
18

 
$
13,311

 
$
307

 
$
330

 
$
31

Balance, April 1, 2015
$

 
$
59

 
$
11,401

 
$
267

 
$
167

 
$
(42
)
Total gains (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income (loss)

 

 

 
9

 

 
1

Investment gains (losses), net

 
(8
)
 

 

 

 

Increase (decrease) in the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset

 

 
(1,496
)
 

 

 

Policyholders’ benefits

 

 

 

 
(103
)
 

Subtotal

 
(8
)
 
(1,496
)
 
9

 
(103
)
 
1

Other comprehensive income (loss)

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases(3)

 

 
57

 
8

 
45

 

Issues

 

 

 

 

 

Sales(4) 

 

 
(11
)
 

 

 

Settlements(5)

 

 

 
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
Transfers into Level 3(1)

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3(1)

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, June 30, 2015
$

 
$
51

 
$
9,951

 
$
283

 
$
109

 
$
(42
)

53


 
Redeemable
Preferred
Stock
 
Other
Equity
Investments
(2)
 
GMIB
Reinsurance
Asset
 
Separate
Accounts
Assets
 
GWBL
and
Other
Features’
Liability
 
Contingent
Payment
Arrangement
 
(In Millions)
 
 
Balance, January 1, 2016
$

 
$
17

 
$
10,570

 
$
313

 
$
184

 
$
31

Total gains (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income (loss)

 

 

 

 

 
1

Investment gains (losses), net

 
(1
)
 

 
13

 

 

Increase (decrease) in the fair value of the reinsurance contracts

 

 
2,662

 

 

 

Policyholders’ benefits

 

 

 

 
40

 

Subtotal

 
(1
)
 
2,662

 
13

 
40

 
1

Other comprehensive income (loss)

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases(3)

 

 
110

 
10

 
106

 

Issues

 

 

 

 

 

Sales(4) 

 

 
(31
)
 
(1
)
 

 

Settlements(5)

 

 

 
(2
)
 

 
(1
)
Transfers into Level 3(1)

 
2

 

 
1

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3(1)

 

 

 
(27
)
 

 

Balance, June 30, 2016
$

 
$
18

 
$
13,311

 
$
307

 
$
330

 
$
31

Balance, January 1, 2015
$

 
$
61

 
$
10,711

 
$
260

 
$
128

 
$
(42
)
Total gains (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income (loss)

 

 

 
17

 

 
1

Investment gains (losses), net

 
(13
)
 

 

 

 

Increase (decrease) in the fair value of the reinsurance contracts

 

 
(851
)
 

 

 

Policyholders’ benefits

 

 

 

 
(104
)
 

Subtotal

 
(13
)
 
(851
)
 
17

 
(104
)
 
1

Other comprehensive income (loss)

 
3

 

 

 

 

Purchases(3)

 

 
113

 
11

 
85

 

Issues

 

 

 

 

 

Sales(4) 

 

 
(22
)
 
(1
)
 

 

Settlements(5)

 

 

 
(2
)
 

 
(1
)
Transfers into Level 3(1)

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3(1)

 

 

 
(2
)
 

 

Balance, June 30, 2015
$

 
$
51

 
$
9,951

 
$
283

 
$
109

 
$
(42
)
 

(1)
Transfers into/out of Level 3 classification are reflected at beginning-of-period fair values.
(2)
Includes Level 3 amounts for Trading securities and consolidated VIE investments.
(3)
For the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and GWBL and other features reserves, represents premiums.
(4)
For the GMIB reinsurance contract asset, represents recoveries from reinsurers and for GWBL and other features reserves represents benefits paid.
(5)
For contingent payment arrangements, it represents payments under the arrangement.

54



The table below details changes in unrealized gains (losses) for the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015 by category for Level 3 assets and liabilities still held at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively:
 
 
Earnings (Loss)
 
 
 
 
 
Investment
Gains
(Losses),
Net
 
Increase
(Decrease) in the
Fair Value of the
Reinsurance
Contract Asset
 
OCI        
 
Policy-
holders’
Benefits    
 
(In Millions)
Level 3 Instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Second Quarter 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held at June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in unrealized gains (losses):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate
$

 
$

 
$
(2
)
 
$

State and political subdivisions

 

 
1

 

Commercial mortgage-backed

 

 
(4
)
 

Asset-backed

 

 
2

 

Other fixed maturities, available-for-sale

 

 

 

Subtotal
$

 
$

 
$
(3
)
 
$

GMIB reinsurance contracts

 
1,104

 

 

Separate Accounts’ assets
6

 

 

 

GWBL and other features’ liability

 

 

 
65

Total
$
6

 
$
1,104

 
$
(3
)
 
$
65

Level 3 Instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Second Quarter 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held at June 30, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in unrealized gains (losses):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate
$

 
$

 
$
(5
)
 
$

State and political subdivisions

 

 
(2
)
 

Commercial mortgage-backed

 

 
21

 

Asset-backed

 

 

 

Other fixed maturities, available-for-sale







Subtotal
$

 
$

 
$
14

 
$

GMIB reinsurance contracts

 
(1,450
)
 

 

Separate Accounts’ assets
9

 

 

 

GWBL and other features’ liability

 

 

 
(58
)
Total
$
9

 
$
(1,450
)
 
$
14

 
$
(58
)

55


 
Earnings (Loss)
 
 
 
 
 
Net
Investment
Income
(Loss)
 
Investment
Gains
(Losses),
Net
 
Increase
(Decrease) in
Fair Value of
Reinsurance
Contracts
 
OCI        
 
Policy-
holders’ Benefits    
 
(In Millions)
Level 3 Instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Six Months of 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held at June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in unrealized gains (losses):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
9

 
$

State and political subdivisions

 

 

 
1

 

Commercial mortgage-backed

 

 

 
(16
)
 

Asset-backed

 

 

 
2

 

Other fixed maturities, available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

Subtotal
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(4
)
 
$

GMIB reinsurance contracts

 

 
2,741

 

 

Separate Accounts’ assets

 
13

 

 

 

GWBL and other features’ liability

 

 

 

 
146

Total
$

 
$
13

 
$
2,741

 
$
(4
)
 
$
146

Level 3 Instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Six Months of 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held at June 30, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in unrealized gains (losses):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(1
)
 
$

State and political subdivisions

 

 

 
33

 

Commercial mortgage-backed

 

 

 

 

Asset-backed

 

 

 
(1
)
 

Other fixed maturities, available-for-sale

 

 

 

 

Subtotal
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
31

 
$

Other equity investments

 

 

 

 

GMIB reinsurance contracts

 

 
(760
)
 

 

Separate Accounts’ assets

 
17

 

 

 

GWBL and other features’ liability

 

 

 

 
19

Total
$

 
$
17

 
$
(760
)
 
$
31

 
$
19


56


The following tables disclose quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements by category for assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
June 30, 2016

 
Fair
Value
 
Valuation
Technique
 
Significant
Unobservable Input
 
Range
 
(In Millions)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate
$
42

 
Matrix pricing model
 
Spread over the industry-specific benchmark yield curve
 
125 bps - 565 bps
 
223

 
Market comparable 
companies
 
EBITDA multiples
Discount rate
Cash flow multiples
 
5.9x- 18.3x
7.0%-16.5%
14.0x- 16.5x
Asset-backed
2

 
Matrix pricing model
 
Spread over U.S. Treasury curve
 
30 bps - 687 bps
Other equity investments
9

 
Market comparable
companies
 
Revenue multiple
Marketablility discount
 
1.7x- 2.9x
15.0% - 30.0%
Separate Accounts’ assets
285

 
Third party appraisal
 
Capitalization rate
 
4.8%
 
 
 
 
 
Exit capitalization rate
 
5.8%
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 
6.6%
 
6

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Spread over U.S. Treasury curve
 
279 bps - 459 bps
 
 
 
 
 
Discount factor
 
1.7%- 5.6%
GMIB reinsurance contract asset
13,311

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Lapse Rates
 
1.5%- 5.7%
 
 
 
 
 
Withdrawal Rates
 
0.0% - 8.0%
 
 
 
 
 
GMIB Utilization Rates
 
0.0% - 8.0%
 
 
 
 
 
Non-performance risk
 
6 bps - 20 bps
 
 
 
 
 
Volatility rates - Equity
 
8.0% - 36.0%
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GWBL and other features liability
330

 
Discounted Cash flow
 
Lapse Rates
 
1.0% - 5.7%
 
 
 
 
 
Withdrawal Rates
 
0.0% - 7.0%
 
 
 
 
 
Volatility rates - Equity
 
8.0% - 36.0%


57


Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
December 31, 2015

 
Fair
Value
 
Valuation
Technique
 
Significant
Unobservable Input
 
Range
 
(In Millions)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate
$
61

 
Matrix pricing model
 
Spread over the industry-specific benchmark yield curve
 
50 bps - 565 bps
 
154

 
Market comparable companies
 
EBITDA multiples
Discount Rate
Cash flow Multiples
 
7.8x-19.1x
7.0% - 12.6%
14.0x - 16.5x
Asset-backed
3

 
Matrix pricing model
 
Spread over U.S. Treasury curve
 
30 bps - 687 bps
Other equity investments
10

 
Market comparable companies
 
Revenue multiple
Marketable Discount
 
2.5x - 4.8x
30.0%
Separate Accounts’ assets
271

 
Third party appraisal
 
Capitalization rate
 
4.9%
 
 
 
 
 
Exit capitalization rate
 
5.9%
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 
6.7%
 
7

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Spread over U.S. Treasury curve
 
280 bps - 411 bps
 
 
 
 
 
Gross domestic product rate
 
0.0% - 1.09%
 
 
 
 
 
Discount factor
 
2.3% - 5.9%
GMIB reinsurance contract asset
10,570

 
Discounted Cash flow
 
Lapse Rates
 
0.6% - 5.7%
 
 
 
 
 
Withdrawal Rates
 
0.2% - 8.0%
 
 
 
 
 
GMIB Utilization Rates
 
0.0% - 15.0%
 
 
 
 
 
Non-performance risk
 
5 bps - 18 bps
 
 
 
 
 
Volatility rates - Equity
 
9.0%- 35.0%
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GWBL and other features liability
184

 
Discounted Cash flow
 
Lapse Rates
 
1.0% - 11.0%
 
 
 
 
 
Withdrawal Rates
 
0.0% - 8.0%
 
 
 
 
 
Volatility rates - Equity
 
9.0% -35.0%
Excluded from the tables above at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, are approximately $727 million and $865 million, respectively, of Level 3 fair value measurements of investments for which the underlying quantitative inputs are not developed by the Company and are not reasonably available. The fair value measurements of these Level 3 investments comprise approximately 56.2% and 63.1% of total assets classified as Level 3 at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, and represent only 0.5% and 0.6% of total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis. These investments primarily consist of certain privately placed debt securities with limited trading activity, including commercial mortgage-, residential mortgage- and asset-backed instruments, and their fair values generally reflect unadjusted prices obtained from independent valuation service providers and indicative, non-binding quotes obtained from third-party broker-dealers recognized as market participants. Significant increases or decreases in the fair value amounts received from these pricing sources may result in the Company’s reporting significantly higher or lower fair value measurements for these Level 3 investments.
Included in the tables above at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, are approximately $265 million and $215 million fair value of privately placed, available-for-sale corporate debt securities classified as Level 3. The fair value of private placement securities is determined by application of a matrix pricing model or a market comparable company value technique, representing approximately 53.5% and 51.2% of the total fair value of Level 3 securities in the corporate fixed maturities asset class. The significant unobservable input to the matrix pricing model valuation technique is the spread over the industry-specific benchmark yield curve. Generally, an increase or decrease in spreads would lead to directionally inverse movement in the fair value measurements of these securities. The significant unobservable input to

58


the market comparable company valuation technique is the discount rate. Generally, a significant increase (decrease) in the discount rate would result in significantly lower (higher) fair value measurements of these securities.
Residential mortgage-backed securities classified as Level 3 primarily consist of non-agency paper with low trading activity. Included in the tables above at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, there were no Level 3 securities that were determined by application of a matrix pricing model and for which the spread over the U.S. Treasury curve is the most significant unobservable input to the pricing result. Generally, a change in spreads would lead to directionally inverse movement in the fair value measurements of these securities.
Asset-backed securities classified as Level 3 primarily consist of non-agency mortgage loan trust certificates, including subprime and Alt-A paper, credit tenant loans, and equipment financings. Included in the tables above at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, are approximately 7.7% and 7.5%, respectively, of the total fair value of these Level 3 securities that is determined by application of a matrix pricing model and for which the spread over the U.S. Treasury curve is the most significant unobservable input to the pricing result. Significant increases (decreases) in spreads would result in significantly lower (higher) fair value measurements.
As of June 30, 2016, the Company’s three consolidated VIEs that are open-end Luxembourg funds hold $2 million of investments that are classified as Level 3. They primarily consist of corporate bonds that are vendor priced with no ratings available, bank loans, non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations and asset-backed securities. The remainder of the activity related to consolidated VIEs pertains to the AB consolidated venture capital fund.
Separate Accounts’ assets classified as Level 3 in the table at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, primarily consist of a private real estate fund with a fair value of approximately $285 million and $271 million, a private equity investment with a fair value of approximately $1 million and $2 million and mortgage loans with fair value of approximately $5 million and $5 million, respectively. A third party appraisal valuation technique is used to measure the fair value of the private real estate investment fund, including consideration of observable replacement cost and sales comparisons for the underlying commercial properties, as well as the results from applying a discounted cash flow approach. Significant increase (decrease) in isolation in the capitalization rate and exit capitalization rate assumptions used in the discounted cash flow approach to the appraisal value would result in a higher (lower) measure of fair value. A discounted cash flow approach is applied to determine the private equity investment for which the significant unobservable assumptions are a gross domestic product rate formula and a discount factor that takes into account various risks, including the illiquid nature of the investment. A significant increase (decrease) in the gross domestic product rate would have a directionally inverse effect on the fair value of the security. With respect to the fair value measurement of mortgage loans a discounted cash flow approach is applied, a significant increase (decrease) in the assumed spread over U.S. Treasuries would produce a lower (higher) fair value measurement. Changes in the discount rate or factor used in the valuation techniques to determine the fair values of these private equity investments and mortgage loans generally are not correlated to changes in the other significant unobservable inputs. Significant increase (decrease) in isolation in the discount rate or factor would result in significantly lower (higher) fair value measurements. The remaining Separate Accounts’ investments classified as Level 3 excluded from the table consist of mortgage- and asset-backed securities with fair values of approximately $15 million and $1 million at June 30, 2016 and $28 million and $7 million at December 31, 2015, respectively. These fair value measurements are determined using substantially the same valuation techniques as earlier described above for the Company’s General Account investments in these securities.
Significant unobservable inputs with respect to the fair value measurement of the Level 3 GMIB reinsurance contract asset and the Level 3 liabilities identified in the table above are developed using Company data. Validations of unobservable inputs are performed to the extent the Company has experience. When an input is changed the model is updated and the results of each step of the model are analyzed for reasonableness.
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s GMIB reinsurance contract asset are lapse rates, withdrawal rates and GMIB utilization rates. Significant increases in GMIB utilization rates or decreases in lapse or withdrawal rates in isolation would tend to increase the GMIB reinsurance contract asset.
Fair value measurement of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset includes dynamic lapse and GMIB utilization assumptions whereby projected contractual lapses and GMIB utilization reflect the projected net amount of risks of the contract. As the net amount of risk of a contract increases, the assumed lapse rate decreases and the GMIB utilization increases. Increases in volatility would increase the asset.

59


The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s GMWB and GWBL liability are lapse rates and withdrawal rates. Significant increases in withdrawal rates or decreases in lapse rates in isolation would tend to increase these liabilities. Increases in volatility would increase these liabilities.
The three AB acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities (with a combined fair value of $31 million at both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015) are currently valued using projected AUM growth rates with a weighted average of 46.0%, revenue growth rate of 43.0%, and a discount rate of 3.0% (using a cost of debt assumption).
The carrying values and fair values at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 for financial instruments not otherwise disclosed in Note 3 are presented in the table below. Certain financial instruments are exempt from the requirements for fair value disclosure, such as insurance liabilities other than financial guarantees and investment contracts, limited partnerships accounted for under the equity method and pension and other postretirement obligations.
 
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
(In Millions)
June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage loans on real estate
$
8,455

 
$

 
$

 
$
8,695

 
$
8,695

Policy loans
3,367

 

 

 
4,497

 
4,497

Loans to affiliates
704

 

 
795

 

 
795

Policyholders’ account balances: Investment contracts
3,705

 

 

 
3,911

 
3,911

Short-term debt
587

 

 
587

 

 
587

Separate Account Liabilities
5,526

 

 

 
5,526

 
5,526

December 31, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage loans on real estate
$
7,171

 
$

 
$

 
$
7,257

 
$
7,257

Policy loans
3,393

 

 

 
4,343

 
4,343

Loans to affiliates
1,087

 

 
795

 
390

 
1,185

Policyholders’ account balances: Investment contracts
2,701

 

 

 
2,806

 
2,806

Short-term debt
584

 

 
584

 

 
584

Separate Account Liabilities
5,124

 

 

 
5,124

 
5,124

Fair values for commercial and agricultural mortgage loans on real estate are measured by discounting future contractual cash flows to be received on the mortgage loan using interest rates at which loans with similar characteristics and credit quality would be made. The discount rate is derived from taking the appropriate U.S. Treasury rate with a like term to the remaining term of the loan and adding a spread reflective of the risk premium associated with the specific loan. Fair values for mortgage loans anticipated to be foreclosed and problem mortgage loans are limited to the fair value of the underlying collateral, if lower.
The Company’s short-term debt primarily includes commercial paper issued by AB with short term maturities and book value approximates fair value. The fair values of the Company’s borrowing and lending arrangements with AXA affiliated entities are determined in the same manner as for such transactions with third parties, including matrix pricing models for debt securities and discounted cash flow analysis for mortgage loans.
The fair values for the Company’s association plans contracts, supplementary contracts not involving life contingencies (“SCNILC”), deferred annuities and certain annuities, which are included in Policyholder’s account balances are estimated using projected cash flows discounted at rates reflecting current market rates. Significant unobservable inputs reflected in the cash flows include lapse rates and withdrawal rates. Incremental adjustments may be made to the fair value to reflect non-performance risk. Certain other products such as Access Accounts and FHLBNY funding agreements and escrow shield plus product policyholders’ account balances are held at book value.


60


7)
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
AXA Equitable
AXA Equitable sponsors the AXA Equitable 401(k) Plan, a qualified defined contribution plan for eligible employees and financial professionals. The plan provides for both a company contribution and a discretionary profit-sharing contribution. Expenses associated with this 401(k) Plan were $4 million, $7 million, $16 million and $20 million in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.
AXA Equitable also sponsors the AXA Equitable Retirement Plan (the “AXA Equitable QP”), a frozen qualified defined benefit pension plan covering eligible employees and financial professionals. Effective December 31, 2015, primary liability for the obligations of AXA Equitable under the AXA Equitable QP was transferred from AXA Equitable to AXA Financial under the terms of an Assumption Agreement. AXA Equitable remains secondarily liable for its obligations under the AXA Equitable QP and would recognize such liability in the event AXA Financial does not perform under the terms of the Assumption Agreement.
AB
AB maintains the Profit Sharing Plan for Employees of AB, a tax-qualified retirement plan for U.S. employees. Employer contributions under this plan are discretionary and generally are limited to the amount deductible for Federal income tax purposes.
AB also maintains a qualified, non-contributory, defined benefit retirement plan covering current and former employees who were employed by AB in the United States prior to October 2, 2000 (the “AB Plan”). Benefits under the AB Plan are based on years of credited service and average final base salary.
In the first six months of 2016, no cash contributions were made by AB to the AB Plan. Based on the funded status of the AB plan at June 30, 2016, no minimum contribution is required to be made in 2016 under ERISA, as amended by the Pension Act, but management is currently evaluating if it will make contributions for the remainder of 2016.
The funding policy for the AB Plan is to satisfy its funding obligations each year in an amount not less than the minimum required by the ERISA, as amended by the Pension Act, and not greater than the maximum it can deduct for Federal income tax purposes.
Components of net periodic pension expense for the Company’s qualified plans (second quarter and first six months of 2016 net periodic pension expense is solely related to the AB Plan) were as follows:

Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Net Periodic Pension Expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Qualified Plans)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
$

 
$
2

 
$

 
$
4

Interest cost
1

 
23

 
2

 
46

Expected return on assets
(2
)
 
(39
)
 
(3
)
 
(78
)
Net amortization

 
30

 

 
60

Net Periodic Pension Expense
$
(1
)
 
$
16

 
$
(1
)
 
$
32



61


8)
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION PROGRAMS
AXA and AXA Financial sponsor various share-based compensation plans for eligible employees and financial professionals of AXA Financial and its subsidiaries. AB also sponsors its own unit option plans for certain of its employees.
Compensation costs for the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015 for share-based payment arrangements as further described herein are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Thousands)
Performance Shares
$
9,603

 
$
10,164

 
$
11,821

 
$
11,026

Stock Options
606

 
376

 
715

 
506

AB Stock Options

 
4,500

 

 
6,400

AB Restricted Units
4,000

 

 
5,200

 

Other compensation plans(1)
7

 
73

 
(913
)
 
153

Total Compensation Expenses
$
14,216

 
$
15,113

 
$
16,823

 
$
18,085

 
(1)
Other compensation plans include Restricted Stock, Stock Appreciation Rights and AXA Miles.
Performance Shares
2016 Grant. On June 6, 2016, under the terms of the Performance Share Plan, AXA awarded approximately 1.93 million unearned performance shares to employees of AXA Equitable. The extent to which 2016-2018 cumulative performance targets measuring the performance of AXA and the insurance related businesses of AXA Financial Group are achieved will determine the number of performance shares earned, which may vary between 0% and 130% of the number of performance shares at stake. The performance shares earned during this performance period will vest and be settled on the fourth anniversary of the award date. The plan will settle in AXA ordinary shares to all participants. In the first six months of 2016, the expense associated with the June 6, 2016 grant of performance shares was approximately $8 million.
Settlement of 2013 Grant in 2016. On March 22, 2016, share distributions totaling approximately $55 million were made to active and former AXA Equitable employees in settlement of 2,293,998 performance shares earned under the terms of the AXA Performance Share Plan 2013.
Stock Options
2016 Grant. On June 6, 2016, 576,169 options to purchase AXA ordinary shares were granted to employees of AXA Equitable under the terms of the Stock Option Plan at an exercise price of 21.52 euros. All of those options have a five-year graded vesting schedule, with one-third vesting on each of the third, fourth, and fifth anniversaries of the grant date. Of the total options awarded on June 6, 2016, 316,097 are further subject to conditional vesting terms that require the AXA ordinary share price to outperform the Euro Stoxx Insurance Index over a specified period. All of the options granted on June 6, 2016 have a ten-year term. The weighted average grant date fair value per option award was estimated at 1.85 euros using a Black-Scholes options pricing model with modification to measure the value of the conditional vesting feature. Key assumptions used in the valuation included expected volatility of 26.6%, a weighted average expected term of 8.1 years, an expected dividend yield of 6.49% and a risk-free interest rate of 0.33%. The total fair value of these options (net of expected forfeitures) of approximately $1 million is charged to expense over the shorter of the vesting term or the period up to the date at which the participant becomes retirement eligible. In the first six months of 2016, the Company recognized expenses associated with the June 6, 2015 grant of options of approximately $526,000.
AB Long-term Incentive Compensation Plans. During the second quarter and first six months of 2016, AB purchased 1.9 million and 3.8 million Holding units for $44 million and $84 million respectively (on a trade date basis). These amounts reflect open-market purchases of 1.9 million and 3.7 million Holding Units for $44 million and $82 million, respectively with the remainder relating to purchases of Holding units from employees to allow them to fulfill statutory tax withholding requirements at the time of distribution of long-term incentive compensation awards. During the second quarter and first six months of 2015, AB purchased 0.1 million and 0.8 million Holding units for $4 million and $21 million respectively (on a trade date basis). These amounts reflect open-market purchases of 0.1 million and 0.7 million Holding Units for $4

62


million and $19 million, respectively with the remainder relating to purchases of Holding units from employees to allow them to fulfill statutory tax withholding requirements at the time of distribution of long-term incentive compensation awards.
During the first six months of both 2016 and 2015, AB granted to employees and eligible Directors 0.3 million restricted Holding awards. In the first six months of 2016 and 2015, AB used Holding units repurchased during the period and newly issued Holding units to fund the restricted Holding unit awards.
During the first six months of 2016 and 2015, AB Holding issued 0.1 million and 0.5 million AB Holding Units, respectively, upon exercise of options to buy AB Holding Units. AB Holding used the proceeds of $2.4 million and $9.0 million, respectively, received from employees as payment in cash for the exercise price to purchase the equivalent number of newly-issued AB Units.
Other Compensation Plans

2012 AXA Miles. On March 16, 2016, AXA ordinary share distributions totaling approximately $4 million were made to active and former AXA Equitable employees in settlement of 164,150 AXA Miles earned under the terms of the AXA Miles Program 2012.


63


9)
INCOME TAXES
Income taxes for the interim periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 have been computed using an estimated annual effective tax rate. This rate is revised, if necessary, at the end of each successive interim period to reflect the current estimate of the annual effective tax rate. The tax benefit recognized in the first six months of 2015 was limited to the amount that would have been recognized if the first six months of 2015 loss was the anticipated loss for the full year.
During the second quarter of 2015, the Company reached a settlement with the IRS on the appeal of proposed adjustments to the Company’s 2004 and 2005 Federal corporate income tax returns. The impact of this settlement on the Company’s financial statements and unrecognized tax benefits in second quarter and first six months of 2015 was a tax benefit of $77 million.


64


10)
LITIGATION
There have been no new material legal proceedings and no material developments in the specific litigations or regulatory matters previously reported in the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2015, except as set forth below:
Insurance Litigation
A lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court of the District of New Jersey in July 2011, entitled Mary Ann Sivolella v. AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company and AXA Equitable Funds Management Group, LLC (“AXA Equitable FMG”) (“Sivolella Litigation”). The lawsuit was filed derivatively on behalf of eight funds. The lawsuit seeks recovery under Section 36(b) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), for alleged excessive fees paid to AXA Equitable and AXA Equitable FMG for investment management services. In November 2011, plaintiff filed an amended complaint, adding claims under Sections 47(b) and 26(f) of the Investment Company Act, as well as a claim for unjust enrichment. In addition, plaintiff purports to file the lawsuit as a class action in addition to a derivative action. In the amended complaint, plaintiff seeks recovery of the alleged overpayments, rescission of the contracts, restitution of all fees paid, interest, costs, attorney fees, fees for expert witnesses and reserves the right to seek punitive damages where applicable. In December 2011, AXA Equitable and AXA Equitable FMG filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. In May 2012, the Plaintiff voluntarily dismissed her claim under Section 26(f) seeking restitution and rescission under Section 47(b) of the 1940 Act. In September 2012, the Court denied the defendants’ motion to dismiss as it related to the Section 36(b) claim and granted the defendants’ motion as it related to the unjust enrichment claim.
In January 2013, a second lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court of the District of New Jersey entitled Sanford et al. v. AXA Equitable FMG (“Sanford Litigation”). The lawsuit was filed derivatively on behalf of eight funds, four of which are named in the Sivolella lawsuit as well as four new funds, and seeks recovery under Section 36(b) of the Investment Company Act for alleged excessive fees paid to AXA Equitable FMG for investment management services. In light of the similarities of the allegations in the Sivolella and Sanford Litigations, the parties and the Court agreed to consolidate the two lawsuits.
In April 2013, the plaintiffs in the Sivolella and Sanford Litigations amended the complaints to add additional claims under Section 36(b) of the Investment Company Act for recovery of alleged excessive fees paid to AXA Equitable FMG in its capacity as administrator of EQ Advisors Trust. The Plaintiffs seek recovery of the alleged overpayments, or alternatively, rescission of the contract and restitution of the excessive fees paid, interest, costs and fees. In January 2015, defendants filed a motion for summary judgment as well as various motions to strike certain of the Plaintiffs’ experts in the Sivolella and Sanford Litigations. Also in January 2015, two Plaintiffs in the Sanford Litigation filed a motion for partial summary judgment relating to the EQ/Core Bond Index Portfolio as well as motions in limine to bar admission of certain documents and preclude the testimony of one of defendants’ experts. In August 2015, the Court denied Plaintiffs’ motions in limine and also denied both parties motions for summary judgment. The non-jury trial commenced in January 2016 and testimony concluded in February 2016. Closing arguments occurred on June 1, 2016 following a post-trial briefing.
A lawsuit was filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of Westchester, Commercial Division (“New York state court”) in June 2014, entitled Jessica Zweiman, Executrix of the Estate of Anne Zweiman, on behalf of herself and all others similarly situated v. AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company. The lawsuit is a putative class action on behalf of “all persons who purchased variable annuities from AXA Equitable which subsequently became subject to the ATM Strategy, and who suffered injury as a result thereof.” Plaintiff asserts that AXA Equitable breached the variable annuity contracts by implementing the volatility management tool. The lawsuit seeks unspecified damages. In July 2014, AXA Equitable filed a notice of removal to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. In September 2015, the New York federal district court granted AXA Equitable’s motion to dismiss the Complaint. In October 2015, plaintiff filed a notice of appeal. In February 2016, plaintiff voluntarily dismissed her appeal.
In November 2014, one of the plaintiff’s law firms in Zweiman filed a separate lawsuit entitled Arlene Shuster, on behalf of herself and all others similarly situated v. AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company in the Superior Court of New Jersey, Camden County (“New Jersey state court”). This lawsuit is a putative class action on behalf of “all AXA [Equitable] variable life insurance policyholders who allocated funds from their Policy Accounts to investments in AXA’s Separate Accounts, which were subsequently subjected to volatility-management strategy, and who suffered injury as a result thereof” and asserts a claim for breach of contract similar to the claim in Zweiman. In February 2016, the New Jersey State Court dismissed the Complaint. In March 2016, plaintiff filed a notice of appeal.

65


In August 2015, another of the plaintiff’s law firms in Zweiman filed a third lawsuit entitled Richard T. O’Donnell, on behalf of himself and all other similarly situated v. AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company in Connecticut Superior Court, Judicial Division of New Haven (“Connecticut state court”). This lawsuit purports to cover the same class definition, makes substantially the same allegations, and seeks the same relief as in Zweiman. In November 2015, the Connecticut federal district court transferred the action to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Although the outcome of litigation and regulatory matters generally cannot be predicted with certainty, management intends to vigorously defend against the allegations made by the plaintiffs in the actions described above and believes that the ultimate resolution of the matters described therein involving AXA Equitable and/or its subsidiaries should not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position of AXA Equitable. Management cannot make an estimate of loss, if any, or predict whether or not any of the matters described above will have a material adverse effect on AXA Equitable’s consolidated results of operations in any particular period.
In addition to the matters described above, a number of lawsuits, claims, assessments and regulatory inquiries have been filed or commenced against life and health insurers and asset managers in the jurisdictions in which AXA Equitable and its respective subsidiaries do business. These actions and proceedings involve, among other things, insurers’ sales practices, alleged agent misconduct, alleged failure to properly supervise agents, contract administration, product design, features and accompanying disclosure, cost of insurance increases, the use of captive reinsurers, payments of death benefits and the reporting and escheatment of unclaimed property, alleged breach of fiduciary duties, alleged mismanagement of client funds and other matters. In addition, a number of lawsuits, claims, assessments and regulatory inquiries have been filed or commenced against businesses in the jurisdictions in which AXA Equitable and its subsidiaries do business, including actions and proceedings related to alleged discrimination, alleged breaches of fiduciary duties in connection with qualified pension plans and other general business-related matters.  Some of the matters have resulted in the award of substantial judgments, including material amounts of punitive damages, or in substantial settlements. Courts, juries and regulators often have substantial discretion in awarding damage awards and fines, including punitive damages. AXA Equitable and its subsidiaries from time to time are involved in such actions and proceedings. While the ultimate outcome of such matters cannot be predicted with certainty, in the opinion of management no such matter is likely to have a material adverse effect on AXA Equitable’s consolidated financial position or results of operations. However, it should be noted that the frequency of large damage awards, including large punitive damage awards and regulatory fines that bear little or no relation to actual economic damages incurred, continues to create the potential for an unpredictable judgment in any given matter.

66


11)
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company has cost sharing and service agreements with AXA Financial, its subsidiaries and affiliates including agreements related to personnel services, employee benefits, facilities, supplies, equipment, technology, professional development arrangements and investment management services. In addition, the Company has selling agreements to sell insurance products on behalf of affiliates or to have affiliates sell the Company’s insurance products. AB and FMG also act as investment managers for some of the Company’s affiliates and receive investment management fee revenue for the services provided. There have been no material changes in these service agreements from those disclosed in the 2015 Form 10-K.
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, AXA Equitable’s GMIB reinsurance contract asset with AXA Arizona had carrying values of $11,010 million and $8,741 million, respectively, and is reported in Guaranteed minimum income benefit reinsurance contract asset, at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets. Ceded premiums, deposits and fee income to AXA Arizona in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015 related to the Annuity, UL and no lapse guarantee riders totaled approximately $109 million, $216 million, $113 million and $222 million, respectively. Ceded claims paid and surrenders in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015 were $61 million, $275 million, $47 million and $90 million, respectively.
In the first quarter of 2016, AXA Equitable sold artwork to AXA Financial and recognized a $20 million gain on the sale. AXA Equitable used the proceeds received from this sale to make a $21 million donation to AXA Foundation, Inc. (the “Foundation”). The Foundation was organized for the purpose of distributing grants to various tax-exempt charitable organizations and administering various matching gift programs for AXA Equitable, its subsidiaries and affiliates.
In June 2009, AXA Equitable sold real estate property valued at $1,100 million to a non-insurance subsidiary of AXA Financial in exchange for $700 million in cash and $400 million in 8.0% ten year term mortgage notes on the property reported in Loans to affiliates in the consolidated balance sheets. In November 2014, this loan was refinanced and a new $382 million, seven year term loan with an interest rate of 4.0% was issued. In January 2016, the property was sold and a portion of the proceeds was used to repay the $382 million term loan outstanding and a $65 million prepayment penalty.

67


12)
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

AOCI represents cumulative gains (losses) on items that are not reflected in earnings (loss). The balances as of June 30, 2016 and 2015 follow:

 
June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments
$
1,647

 
$
442

Foreign currency translation adjustments
(55
)
 
(42
)
Defined benefit pension plans
(12
)
 
(741
)
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
1,580

 
(341
)
Less: Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
57

 
47

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to AXA Equitable
$
1,637

 
$
(294
)


68


The components of OCI, net-of-taxes for the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015 follow:

 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Foreign currency translation adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation gains (losses) arising during the period
$
(5
)
 
$
5

 
$
4

 
$
(7
)
(Gains) losses reclassified into net earnings (loss) during the period

 
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
(5
)
 
4

 
4

 
(8
)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period
764

 
(1,138
)
 
1,578

 
(752
)
(Gains) losses reclassified into net earnings (loss) during the period(1)
(29
)
 
11

 
(15
)
 
10

Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments
735

 
(1,127
)
 
1,563

 
(742
)
Adjustments for policyholders’ liabilities, DAC, insurance liability loss recognition and other
(110
)
 
107

 
(158
)
 
61

Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of adjustments (net of deferred income tax expense (benefit) of $337, $(548), and $764 and $(368).
625

 
(1,020
)
 
1,405

 
(681
)
Change in defined benefit plans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Less: reclassification adjustments to net earnings (loss) for (2):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net gain (loss) arising during the period

 
 
 

 

Amortization of net prior service cost included in net periodic cost

 
20

 

 
39

Change in defined benefit plans (net of deferred income tax expense (benefit) of $0, $10, $0, and $21.

 
20

 

 
39

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes
620

 
(996
)
 
1,409

 
(650
)
Less: Other comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
3

 
(4
)
 

 
5

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to AXA Equitable
$
623

 
$
(1,000
)
 
$
1,409

 
$
(645
)

(1)
See “Reclassification adjustments” in Note 3. Reclassification amounts presented net of income tax expense (benefit) of $16 million, $8 million, $(6) million and $(13) million, for the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

(2)
Reclassification amounts presented net of income tax expense (benefit) of $0 million, $0 million, $10 million and $21 million for second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Investment gains and losses reclassified from AOCI to net earnings (loss) primarily consist of realized gains (losses) on sales and OTTI of AFS securities and are included in Total investment gains (losses), net on the consolidated statements of earnings (loss). Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net earnings (loss) as related to defined benefit plans primarily consist of amortizations of net (gains) losses and net prior service cost (credit) recognized as a component of net periodic cost and reported in Compensation and benefit expenses in the consolidated statements of earnings (loss). Amounts presented in the table above are net of tax.


69


13)
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Restructuring
In an effort to further reduce its global real estate footprint, AB completed a comprehensive review of its worldwide office locations and began implementing a global space consolidation plan in 2012. This resulted in the sublease of office space primarily in New York as well as offices in England, Australia and various U.S. locations. In the first six months of 2016, AB recorded new real estate charges of $25 million relating to the further consolidation of office space at its New York offices. Real estate charges are recorded in Other operating costs and expenses in the Company's consolidated Statements of earnings (loss).
Obligation under funding agreements
As a member of the FHLBNY, AXA Equitable has access to collateralized borrowings. It also may issue funding agreements to the FHLBNY. Both the collateralized borrowings and funding agreements would require AXA Equitable to pledge qualified mortgage-backed assets and/or government securities as collateral. AXA Equitable has a capacity with the FHLBNY of $4,000 million. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 AXA Equitable had $1,495 million and $500 million respectively, of outstanding funding agreements with the FHLBNY. AXA Equitable utilized these funding agreements for asset liability management and spread lending purposes. For other instruments used for asset liability management purposes see “Derivative and offsetting assets and liabilities” included in Note 3. Funding agreements are reported in Policyholders’ account balances in the consolidated balance sheets.

Other Commitments

AXA Equitable had approximately $18 million of undrawn letters of credit issued in favor of third party beneficiaries primarily related to reinsurance as well as $600 million (including $217 million with affiliates) and $1,217 million of commitments under equity financing arrangements to certain limited partnership and existing mortgage loan agreements, respectively, at June 30, 2016.



70


14)
SEGMENT INFORMATION
The following tables reconcile segment revenues and earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes to total revenues and earnings (loss) as reported on the consolidated statements of earnings (loss) and segment assets to total assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Segment revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Insurance(1)
$
3,580

 
$
(562
)
 
$
7,850

 
$
2,248

Investment Management(2)
724

 
790

 
1,493

 
1,553

Consolidation/elimination
(7
)
 
(8
)
 
(12
)
 
(14
)
Total Revenues
$
4,297

 
$
220

 
$
9,331

 
$
3,787

 
(1)
Includes investment expenses charged by AB of approximately $13 million, $25 million, $10 million and $22 million for the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively, for services provided to the Insurance Segment.
(2)
Intersegment investment advisory and other fees of approximately $20 million, $37 million, $18 million and $36 million for the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively, are included in total revenues of the Investment Management segment.

 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Segment earnings (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Insurance
$
1,438

 
$
(1,912
)
 
$
3,722

 
$
(929
)
Investment Management
138

 
160

 
307

 
307

Consolidation/elimination

 
(1
)
 
1

 
(1
)
Total Earnings (Loss) from Continuing Operations, before income taxes
$
1,576

 
$
(1,753
)
 
$
4,030

 
$
(623
)
 
 
June 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
 
(In Millions)
Segment assets:
 
 
 
Insurance
$
194,200

 
$
182,738

Investment Management(1)
12,859

 
11,895

Consolidation/elimination
(17
)
 
(7
)
Total Assets
$
207,042

 
$
194,626

 
(1)
In accordance with SEC regulations, the assets of the Investment Management segment include securities with a fair value of $605 million and $460 million which have been segregated in a special reserve bank custody account at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, for the exclusive benefit of securities broker-dealer or brokerage customers under the Exchange Act. They also include cash held in several special bank accounts for the exclusive benefit of customers. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, $62 million and $55 million, respectively, of cash were segregated in these bank accounts.


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Item 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the Company that follows should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere herein, with the information provided under “Forward-looking Statements” included elsewhere herein and Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) in Part II, Item 7 and “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 ( “2015 Form 10-K”).
BACKGROUND

Established in 1859, AXA Equitable is among the oldest and largest life insurance companies in the United States. AXA Equitable is part of a diversified financial services organization that offers a broad spectrum of insurance, financial advisory and investment management products and services. Together with its subsidiaries, including AB, AXA Equitable is a leading asset manager, with total assets under management of approximately $588.6 billion at June 30, 2016, of which approximately $489.5 billion were managed by AB. AXA Equitable is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of AXA Financial, which is itself an indirect wholly- owned subsidiary of AXA.

The Company conducts operations in two business segments, the Insurance segment and the Investment Management segment. The Insurance segment offers a variety of term, variable and universal life insurance products, variable and fixed-interest annuity products and investment products including mutual funds principally to individuals, small and medium-size businesses and professional and trade associations. The Investment Management segment is principally comprised of the investment management business of AB. AB provides research, diversified investment management and related services globally to a broad range of clients. This segment also includes institutional Separate Accounts principally managed by AB that provide various investment options for large group pension clients, primarily defined benefit and contribution plans, through pooled or single group accounts.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

Earnings(loss). The Company’s business and consolidated results of operations are significantly affected by conditions in the capital markets and the economy. The United Kingdom’s referendum in which voters approved an exit from the European Union, commonly referred to as “Brexit” introduced additional volatility and uncertainty in the global capital markets during the second quarter of 2016. Although equity markets have recovered, bond yields decreased to historic lows during the second quarter of 2016 due to the Brexit, ongoing global social and political uncertainty and mixed macroeconomic messages related to growth, interest rates and equity markets. For additional information on how the Company’s business and consolidated results of operations are effected by conditions in the capital markets and the economy, see “Item 1A - Risk Factors - Risks relating to conditions in the capital markets and economy” in the 2015 Form 10-K.

The accounting of reserves for GMDB and GMIB features do not fully and immediately reflect the impact of equity and interest market fluctuations. If the reserves were calculated on a basis that would fully and immediately reflect the impact of equity and interest market fluctuations, earnings would be lower than the $1.0 billion and $2.6 billion consolidated net earnings of the Company and $1.0 billion and $2.5 billion consolidated net earnings of the Insurance segment in the second quarter and first six months of 2016. These net earnings were largely due to the market driven increases in the fair values of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and investment income from derivative instruments used to hedge the variable annuity products with GMDB, GMIB and GWBL features (collectively, the “VA Guarantee Features”) which were not fully offset by the market driven increase in VA Guarantee Features reserves. For additional information, see “Accounting For VA Guarantee Features” below.
Sales. The market for annuity and life insurance products of the types the Company issues continues to be dynamic. The Company offers a balanced and diversified product portfolio that takes into account customer preferences and the macroeconomic environment and drives profitable growth while appropriately managing risk.
In second quarter 2016, life insurance and annuities first year premiums and deposits decreased by $12 million from the comparable 2015 period. The decrease in first year premiums and deposits during the second quarter 2016 was driven by $10 million and $2 million lower life insurance and annuity sales, respectively. In first six months of 2016, life insurance and annuities first year premiums and deposits increased by $176 million from the comparable 2015 period. The increase in first year premiums and deposits during the first six months of 2016 was driven by $189 million higher annuity sales partially offset by $13 million lower life insurance sales. For additional information on sales, see “Premiums and Deposits” below.

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In-force management. The Company continues to proactively manage its in-force business. For example:

GMDB/GMIB Buybacks. Beginning in 2012, the Company initiated several programs to purchase from certain contractholders the GMDB and GMIB riders contained in their Accumulator® contracts. Most recently in December 2015, the Company initiated a program to give contractholders an option to elect a full buyout of their rider or a new partial (50%) buyout of their rider. The Company believes that the buyback programs are mutually beneficial to both the Company and contractholders who no longer need or want the GMDB or GMIB rider.  To reflect the actual payments and reinsurance credit received from the December 2015 buyback that concluded in March 2016 the Company recognized a $3 million increase to Net earnings. For additional information, see “Accounting for VA Guarantee Features” in Note 2.

Cost of Insurance Rates (“COI”). In March 2016, the Company raised COI rates for certain universal life (“UL”) policies issued between 2004 and 2007 which have both issue ages 70 and above and a current face value amount of $1 million and above. The Company raised the COI rates for these policies as management expects future mortality and investment experience to be less favorable than what was anticipated when the current schedule of COI rates was established. This COI rate increase is larger than the increase that previously had been anticipated in management’s reserve assumptions. As a result management updated the assumption to reflect the actual COI rate increase in third quarter 2015.
 
Legislative and Regulatory Developments. The U.S. Department of Labor (the “DOL”) issued a final rule on April 6, 2016 that expands the range of activities that would be considered to be fiduciary investment advice under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) when our affiliated advisors and our employees provide investment-related information and support to retirement plan sponsors, participants, and Individual Retirement Account (“IRA”) holders. Implementation of the rule will be phased in starting in April 2017, although certain aspects of the rule covering existing business will not become effective until January 2018. The potential impacts to our business, operations and customer interactions under the new rule are still being determined as we complete an assessment of the rule, but it is likely to result in adverse changes to the level and type of services we provide, as well as the nature and amount of compensation and fees that we and our affiliated advisors and firms receive for investment-related services to retirement plans and IRAs. While the exact nature and scope of the potential impacts to our business from the new rule are still being assessed, based upon the information currently available to us, management estimates that approximately 25% of total first year premiums and deposits in 2017 could be impacted, with an expected diminishing impact thereafter following mitigating actions.

For additional information on the potential impacts of regulation on the Company, see “Risk Factors” included elsewhere herein and “Item 1 - Business - Regulation” and “Item 1A - Risk Factors” in the 2015 Form 10-K.

AB AUM. At AB, total AUM as of June 30, 2016 were $489.5 billion, an increase of $22.1 billion, or 4.7%, compared to December 31, 2015, and up $4.4 billion, or 0.9%, compared to June 30, 2015. During the first six months of 2016, AUM increased as a result of market appreciation of $19.4 billion and net inflows of $5.7 billion partially offset by a $3.0 billion reduction in AUM due to AB’s shift from providing asset management services to consulting services for a client. During the twelve month period ended June 30, 2016, AUM increased as a result of market appreciation of $6.9 billion and net inflows of $0.7 billion partially offset by a $3.2 billion reduction in AUM for a company AB moved to provide consulting services rather than asset management services. For additional information, see “Fees and Assets Under Management” below.

Accounting for VA Guarantee Features. The Company has offered and continues to offer certain variable annuity products with VA Guarantee Features. These products continue to account for over half of the Company’s Separate Accounts assets and have been a significant driver of its results. Because the future claims exposure on these products is sensitive to movements in the equity markets and interest rates, the Company has in place various hedging and reinsurance programs that are designed to mitigate the economic risks of movements in the equity markets and interest rates. Due to the accounting treatment, certain of these hedging and reinsurance programs contribute to earnings volatility. These programs generally include, among others, the following:
 
Hedging programs. Hedging programs are used to mitigate certain risks associated with the VA Guarantee Features. These programs utilize various derivative instruments that are managed in an effort to reduce the economic impact of unfavorable changes in VA Guarantee Features’ exposures attributable to movements in the equity markets and interest rates. Although these programs are designed to provide a measure of economic protection against the impact adverse market conditions may have with respect to VA Guarantee Features, they do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, meaning that changes in the value of the derivatives will be recognized in the period in which they occur while offsetting changes in reserves will be recognized over time.


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GMIB reinsurance contracts. GMIB reinsurance contracts are used to cede to affiliated and non-affiliated reinsurers a portion of the exposure on variable annuity products that offer the GMIB feature. The GMIB reinsurance contracts are accounted for as derivatives and are reported at fair value. Gross reserves for GMIB as noted above, on the other hand, are calculated on the basis of assumptions related to projected benefits and related contract charges over the lives of the contracts and therefore will not immediately reflect the offsetting impact on future claims exposure resulting from the same capital market and/or interest rate fluctuations that cause gains or losses on the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contracts. Because the changes in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contracts are recorded in the period in which they occur while offsetting changes in gross reserves for GMIB will be recognized over time, earnings will tend to be more volatile.

Changes in interest rates and equity markets have contributed to earnings volatility. The table below shows, for the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015, the impact on Earnings (Loss) from continuing operations before income taxes of the items discussed above (prior to the impact of Amortization of deferred acquisition costs):
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Income (loss) on free-standing derivatives(1)
$
517

 
$
(915
)
 
$
1,218

 
$
(786
)
 
$
(245
)
Increase (decrease) in fair value of GMIB reinsurance contracts(2)
1,104

 
(1,450
)
 
2,741

 
(760
)
 
(141
)
(Increase) decrease in GMDB, GMIB and GWBL reserves, net of related GMDB reinsurance(3)
(640
)
 
(47
)
 
(1,067
)
 
(397
)
 
(367
)
Total
$
981

 
$
(2,412
)
 
$
2,892

 
$
(1,943
)
 
$
(753
)
 
(1)
Reported in Net investment income (loss) in the consolidated statements of earnings (loss)
(2)
Reported in Increase (decrease) in the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset in the consolidated statements of earnings (loss)
(3)
Reported in Policyholders’ benefits in the consolidated statements of earnings (loss)
Reinsurance ceded – AXA Arizona. The Company currently reinsures to AXA Arizona a 100% quota share of all liabilities for GMDB/GMIB riders on the Accumulator® products sold on or after January 1, 2006 and in-force at September 30, 2008. AXA Arizona also reinsures a 90% quota share of level premium term insurance issued by AXA Equitable on or after March 1, 2003 through December 31, 2008 and lapse protection riders under universal life insurance policies issued by AXA Equitable on or after June 1, 2003 through June 30, 2007. For AXA Equitable, these reinsurance transactions currently provide statutory capital relief and mitigate the volatility of capital requirements.
The Company receives statutory reserve credits for reinsurance treaties with AXA Arizona to the extent AXA Arizona holds assets in an irrevocable trust ($10.5 billion at June 30, 2016) and/or letters of credit ($3.2 billion at June 30, 2016). These letters of credit are guaranteed by AXA. AXA Arizona is required to hold a combination of assets in the trust and/or letters of credit so that the Company can take credit for the reinsurance.
For further information regarding this transaction, see “Item 1A-Risk Factors” included in the 2015 Form 10-K.

2016 Assumption Changes. During the second quarter of 2016, the Company updated its mortality assumption on certain VISL products as a result of favorable mortality experience, which decreased the amortization of DAC and the initial fee liability by $70 million and $16 million respectively. Additionally, in the second quarter 2016 the Company updated the General Account spread assumption on certain VISL products to reflect lower expected investment yields which increased the amortization of DAC and the initial fee liability by $79 million and $4 million, respectively. In the second quarter and first six months of 2016, the after tax impacts of these assumption updates decreased Net earnings by approximately $14 million.

2015 Assumption Changes.  In the second quarter of 2015, based upon management’s current expectations of interest rates and future fund growth, the Company updated its RTM assumption used to calculate GMDB/GMIB and VISL reserves and amortization of DAC from 9.0% to 7.0%. The impact of this assumption update in the second quarter and first six months of 2015 was an

74


increase in GMIB/GMDB reserves of $723 million, an increase in VISL reserves of $29 million and a decrease in amortization of DAC of $67 million. In the second quarter and first six months of 2015, the after tax impacts of this assumption update increased the Net loss by approximately $445 million.

In the second quarter of 2015, expectations of long-term lapse rates for certain Accumulator products at certain durations and moneyness levels were lowered based on emerging experience.  This update increased expected future claim costs and the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset.  The impact of this assumption update in the second quarter and first six months of 2015 was an increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset of $216 million and an increase in the GMIB reserves of $65 million and a decrease in the amortization of DAC of $13 million.  In the second quarter and first six months of 2015, the after tax impacts of this assumption update decreased the Net loss by approximately $107 million.

In the first quarter of 2015, the Company launched a lump sum payment option to certain contract holders with GMIB and GWBL benefits at the time their AAV falls to zero. As a result, the Company updated its future reserve assumptions to incorporate the expectation that some policyholders will utilize this option. The impact of this assumption update in the first six months of 2015 resulted in a decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset of $263 million and a decrease in the GMIB reserves of $55 million. In the first six months of 2015, the after tax impacts of this assumption update increased the Net loss by approximately $135 million.



75


CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
Application of Critical Accounting Estimates
The Company’s MD&A is based upon its consolidated financial statements that have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires the application of accounting policies that often involve a significant degree of judgment, requiring management to make estimates and assumptions (including normal, recurring accruals) that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management, on an ongoing basis, reviews and evaluates the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements, including those related to investments, recognition of insurance income and related expenses, DAC, future policy benefits, recognition of Investment Management revenues and related expenses and benefit plan costs. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results of such factors form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. If management determines that modifications in assumptions and estimates are appropriate given current facts and circumstances, the consolidated results of operations and financial position as reported in the consolidated financial statements could change significantly.
Management believes the critical accounting policies relating to the following areas are most dependent on the application of estimates, assumptions and judgments:
 
Insurance Revenue Recognition
Insurance Reserves and Policyholder Benefits
DAC
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Investment Management Revenue Recognition and Related Expenses
Share-based and Other Compensation Programs
Pension Plans
Investments – Impairments and Fair Value Measurements
Income Taxes

A discussion of each of the critical accounting estimates may be found in the Company’s 2015 Form 10-K, under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Estimates - Application of Critical Accounting Estimates.”

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CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
AXA Equitable
Consolidated Results of Operations
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Universal life and investment-type product policy fee income
$
915

 
$
924

 
$
1,816

 
$
1,810

Premiums
121

 
121

 
247

 
261

Net investment income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment income (loss) from derivative instruments
598

 
(915
)
 
1,346

 
(578
)
Other investment income (loss)
602

 
532

 
1,298

 
1,063

Total net investment income (loss)
1,200

 
(383
)
 
2,644

 
485

Investment gains (losses), net:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses
(8
)
 
(16
)
 
(25
)
 
(18
)
Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income

 

 

 

Net impairment losses recognized
(8
)
 
(16
)
 
(25
)
 
(18
)
Other investment gains (losses), net
34

 
5

 
64

 
4

Total investment gains (losses), net
26

 
(11
)
 
39

 
(14
)
Commissions, fees and other income
931

 
1,019

 
1,844

 
2,005

Increase (decrease) in the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset
1,104

 
(1,450
)
 
2,741

 
(760
)
Total revenues
4,297

 
220

 
9,331

 
3,787

Policyholders’ benefits
1,276

 
619

 
2,426

 
1,542

Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances
349

 
268

 
626

 
588

Compensation and benefits
428

 
486

 
854

 
933

Commissions
273

 
292

 
541

 
566

Distribution related payments
93

 
102

 
180

 
203

Amortization of deferred sales commission
11

 
13

 
22

 
25

Interest expense
3

 
5

 
7

 
10

Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs
72

 
18

 
203

 
158

Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs
(146
)
 
(157
)
 
(287
)
 
(301
)
Rent expense
38

 
41

 
77

 
80

Amortization of other intangible assets
7

 
7

 
14

 
14

Other operating costs and expenses
317

 
279

 
638

 
592

Total benefits and other deductions
2,721

 
1,973

 
5,301

 
4,410

Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
1,576

 
(1,753
)
 
4,030

 
(623
)
Income tax (expense) benefit
(515
)
 
728

 
(1,249
)
 
452

Net earnings (loss)
1,061

 
(1,025
)
 
2,781

 
(171
)
Less: net (earnings) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest
(92
)
 
(106
)
 
(209
)
 
(201
)
Net Earnings (Loss) Attributable to AXA Equitable
$
969

 
$
(1,131
)
 
$
2,572

 
$
(372
)
 
 
 
 
 


 



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The consolidated earnings (loss) narrative that follows discusses the results for the second quarter and first six months of 2016 compared to the comparable 2015 period’s results. For additional information, see “Accounting for VA Guarantee Features” above.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Net earnings attributable to the Company in second quarter 2016 were $1.0 billion, an increase of $2.1 billion from the $1.1 billion of net loss attributable to the Company in second quarter 2015. The increase is primarily attributable to a $1.1 billion increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $598 million of investment income from derivatives which were not fully offset by the $640 million increase in GMDB/GMIB/GWBL/GMAB reserves in the second quarter of 2016 as compared to a $1.5 billion decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset, $915 million of investment losses from derivative instruments and a $47 million increase in GMDB/GMIB/GWBL/GMAB reserves in the second quarter of 2015. The second quarter 2016 higher earnings also included $69 million higher other investment income and $58 million lower compensation and benefit expenses partially offset by $88 million lower commissions fees and other income and $81 million higher interest credited to policyholders' account balances. The Company recorded an income tax expense of $515 million and $728 million benefit in the second quarters of 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest were $92 million in second quarter 2016 as compared to $106 million for second quarter 2015 primarily reflecting earnings from AB in both periods.
Net earnings inclusive of earnings (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interest were $1.1 billion in second quarter 2016, an increase of $2.1 billion from net loss of $1.0 billion reported for second quarter 2015.
Income tax expense in second quarter 2016 was $515 million, primarily due to the $1.4 billion pre-tax earnings in the Insurance segment, compared to an income tax benefit of $728 million in second quarter 2015, primarily due to the $1.9 billion pre-tax loss in the Insurance segment. Income tax benefit in the second quarter 2015 was increased by a $77 million benefit related to a settlement with the IRS on the appeal of proposed adjustments to the Company’s 2004 and 2005 Federal corporate income tax returns. Income taxes for second quarters of 2016 and 2015 were computed using an estimated annual effective tax rate. In second quarter 2016 and 2015, Federal income taxes attributable to consolidated operations were different from the amounts determined by multiplying the earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interest by the expected Federal income tax rate of 35%. The primary differences were dividend received deductions, nontaxable investment income and noncontrolling interest permanent differences. Additionally, the Company does not provide Federal and state income taxes on the undistributed earnings of non-U.S. corporate subsidiaries as such earnings are permanently invested outside of the United States.
Earnings from operations before income taxes were $1.6 billion in second quarter 2016, an increase of $3.3 billion from the $1.8 billion in pre-tax loss reported in second quarter 2015. The Insurance segment’s pre-tax earnings from operations totaled $1.4 billion in second quarter 2016; $3.4 billion higher than the pre-tax loss of $1.9 billion in second quarter 2015. The Investment Management segment’s pre-tax earnings from operations were $138 million in second quarter 2016; $22 million lower than the $160 million reported in second quarter 2015. The Insurance segment’s higher pre-tax earnings in second quarter 2016 as compared to second quarter 2015 was primarily due to a $1.1 billion increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $603 million of investment income from derivatives which were not fully offset by the $640 million increase in GMDB/GMIB/GWBL/GMAB reserves in the second quarter of 2016 as compared to a $1.5 billion decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset, $918 million of investment losses from derivative instruments and a $47 million increase in GMDB/GMIB/GWBL/GMAB reserves in the second quarter of 2015. The $22 million lower pre-tax earnings from operations in the Investment Management segment in the second quarter 2016 were primarily due to $66 million lower commission fees and other income partially offset by $28 million lower compensation and benefit expenses and $9 million lower distribution related payments.
Total revenues were $4.3 billion in second quarter 2016, an increase of $4.1 billion from $220 million reported in second quarter 2015. The Insurance segment reported total revenues of $3.6 billion in second quarter 2016, a $4.1 billion increase from the $562 million loss reported in second quarter 2015. The Investment Management segment reported total revenues of $724 million, a $66 million decrease from the $790 million of revenues reported in second quarter 2015. The increase in Insurance segment revenues was principally due to a $1.1 billion increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $603 million of investment income from derivatives in the second quarter of 2016 as compared to a $1.5 billion decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $918 million of investment losses from derivative instruments in the second quarter of 2015. The $66 million decrease in Investment Management segment’s revenues in the second quarter 2016 was due to $66 million lower commission fees and other income.

78


Total benefits and expenses were $2.7 billion in second quarter 2016, an increase of $748 million from the $2.0 billion reported for second quarter 2015. The Insurance segment’s total benefits and expenses increased $792 million to $2.1 billion in second quarter 2016. The Investment Management segment’s total expenses for second quarter 2016 were $586 million; $44 million lower than the $630 million in expenses in second quarter 2015. The Insurance segment’s increase was principally due to the $593 million higher increase in GMDB/GMIB reserves (an increase of $640 million in the second quarter of 2016 as compared to an increase of $47 million in the second quarter of 2015), $81 million higher interest credited to policyholders’ account balances and $54 million higher DAC amortization in second quarter 2016 as compared to second quarter 2015. The decrease in expenses for the Investment Management segment was principally due to $28 million lower compensation and benefit expenses and $9 million lower distribution related payments.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Net earnings attributable to the Company in the first six months of 2016 were $2.6 billion, an increase of $2.9 billion from the $372 million of net loss attributable to the Company in the first six months of 2015. The increase is primarily attributable to a $2.7 billion increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $1.3 billion of investment income from derivatives which were not fully offset by the $1.1 billion increase in GMDB/GMIB/GWBL/GMAB reserves in the first six month of 2016 as compared to a $760 million decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset, $578 million of investment losses from derivative instruments and a $397 million increase in GMDB/GMIB/GWBL/GMAB reserves in the first six month of 2015. The first six months of 2016 Net earnings also included $235 million higher other investment income partially offset by $214 million higher other policyholder benefits and reserves and a $161 million decrease in commissions, fees and other income in the first six months of 2016 compared to the first six months of 2015. The Company recorded an income tax expense of $1.2 billion in the first six months of 2016 and a $452 million tax benefit in first six months of 2015.
Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest were $209 million in the first six months of 2016 as compared to $201 million for the first six months of 2015 primarily reflecting earnings from AB in both periods.
Net earnings inclusive of earnings (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interest were $2.8 billion in the first six months of 2016, an increase of $3.0 billion from net loss of $171 million reported for the first six months of 2015.
Income tax expense in the first six months of 2016 was $1.2 billion, primarily due to the $3.7 billion pre-tax earnings in the Insurance segment, compared to an income tax benefit of $452 million in the first six months of 2015, primarily due to the $929 million pre-tax loss in the Insurance segment. Income tax benefit in the first six months of 2015 was increased by a $77 million benefit related to a settlement with the IRS on the appeal of proposed adjustments to the Company’s 2004 and 2005 Federal corporate income tax returns. Income taxes for the first six months of 2016 and 2015 were computed using an estimated annual effective tax rate. In the first six months of 2016 and 2015, Federal income taxes attributable to consolidated operations were different from the amounts determined by multiplying the earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interest by the expected Federal income tax rate of 35%. The primary differences were dividend received deductions, nontaxable investment income and noncontrolling interest permanent differences. Additionally, the Company does not provide Federal and state income taxes on the undistributed earnings of non-U.S. corporate subsidiaries as such earnings are permanently invested outside of the United States.
Earnings from operations before income taxes were $4.0 billion in the first six months of 2016, an increase of $4.7 billion from the $623 million in pre-tax loss reported in the first six months of 2015. The Insurance segment’s pre-tax earnings from operations totaled $3.7 billion in the first six months of 2016; $4.7 billion higher than the pre-tax loss of $929 million in the first six months of 2015. The Investment Management segment’s pre-tax earnings from operations were $307 million in the first six months of both 2016 and 2015. The Insurance segment’s higher pre-tax earnings in the first six months of 2016 as compared to the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to a $2.7 billion increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $1.4 billion of investment income from derivatives which were not fully offset by the $1.1 billion increase in GMDB/GMIB/GWBL/GMAB reserves in the first six month of 2016 as compared to a $760 million decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset, $575 million of investment losses from derivative instruments and a $397 million increase in GMDB/GMIB/GWBL/GMAB reserves in the first six month of 2015. The first six months of 2016 Earnings before income taxes also included $214 million higher other policyholder benefits and reserves when compared to the first six months of 2015. The Investment Management segment's $122 million lower other commission fees and other income were offset by $63 million higher net investment income, $52 million lower compensation and benefit expenses and $23 million lower distribution related payments.
Total revenues were $9.3 billion in the first six months of 2016, an increase of $5.5 billion from $3.8 billion reported in the first six months of 2015. The Insurance segment reported total revenues of $7.9 billion in the first six months of 2016, a $5.6 billion increase from the $2.2 billion total revenue reported in the first six months of 2015. The Investment Management segment reported

79


total revenues of $1.5 billion, a $60 million decrease from the $1.6 billion of revenues reported in first six months of 2015. The increase in Insurance segment revenues was principally due to a $2.7 billion increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $1.4 billion of investment income from derivatives in the first six month of 2016 as compared to a $760 million decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $575 million of investment losses from derivative instruments in the first six month of 2015. The first six months of 2016 total revenues also included $163 million higher other investment income and $54 million higher investment gains partially offset by $38 million lower commissions fees and other income in the first six months of 2016 when compared to the first six months of 2015. The $60 million decrease in Investment Management segment’s revenues in the first six months of 2016 was primarily due to $122 million lower other commission fees and other income partially offset by $69 million higher other investment income.
Total benefits and expenses were $5.3 billion in the first six months of 2016, an increase of $891 million from the $4.4 billion reported for the first six months of 2015. The Insurance segment’s total benefits and expenses were $4.1 billion, an increase of $951 million from the first six months of 2015 total of $3.2 billion. The Investment Management segment’s total expenses for the first six months of 2016 were $1.2 billion; $60 million lower than the $1.2 billion in expenses in the first six months of 2015. The Insurance segment’s increase was principally due to $884 million higher policyholders’ benefits, including a $670 million higher increase in GMIB/GMDB reserves (a $1.1 billion increase in the first six months of 2016 as compared to an increase of $397 million in the first six month of 2015), $45 million higher DAC amortization, $38 million higher interest credited to policyholders’ account balances and $26 million higher other operating expense partially offset by a $26 million decrease in compensation and benefits expense and a $25 million decrease in commission expense. The decrease in expenses for the Investment Management segment was principally due to $52 million lower compensation and benefits and $23 million lower distribution related payments partially offset by a $19 million increase in other operating expenses.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS BY SEGMENT
Insurance.
Insurance Segment Results of Operations
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Universal life and investment-type product policy fee income
$
915

 
$
924

 
$
1,816

 
$
1,810

Premiums
121

 
121

 
247

 
261

Net investment income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment income (loss) from derivative instruments
603

 
(918
)
 
1,355

 
(575
)
Other investment income (loss)
572

 
517

 
1,179

 
1,016

Total net investment income (loss)
1,175

 
(401
)
 
2,534

 
441

Investment gains (losses), net:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses
(8
)
 
(16
)
 
(25
)
 
(18
)
Portion of losses recognized in other comprehensive income

 

 

 

Net impairment losses recognized
(8
)
 
(16
)
 
(25
)
 
(18
)
Other investment gains (losses), net
32

 
(1
)
 
64

 
3

Total investment gains (losses), net
24

 
(17
)
 
39

 
(15
)
Commissions, fees and other income
241

 
261

 
473

 
511

Increase (decrease) in the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset
1,104

 
(1,450
)
 
2,741

 
(760
)
Total revenues
3,580

 
(562
)
 
7,850

 
2,248

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Policyholders’ benefits
1,276

 
619

 
2,426

 
1,542

Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances
349

 
268

 
626

 
588

Compensation and benefits
114

 
143

 
232

 
258

Commissions
273

 
292

 
541

 
566

Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs
72

 
18

 
203

 
158

Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs
(146
)
 
(157
)
 
(287
)
 
(301
)
Rent expense
6

 
9

 
14

 
16

Interest expense
3

 
4

 
6

 
9

Other operating costs and expenses
195

 
154

 
367

 
341

Total benefits and other deductions
2,142

 
1,350

 
4,128

 
3,177

Earnings (Loss) from Continuing Operations, before Income Taxes
$
1,438

 
$
(1,912
)
 
$
3,722

 
$
(929
)


81


Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Revenues

In second quarter 2016, the Insurance segment’s revenues increased $4.1 billion to $3.6 billion from a $562 million loss in second quarter 2015. The increase was principally due to a $1.1 billion increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $603 million of investment income from derivatives in the second quarter of 2016 as compared to a $1.5 billion decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $918 million of investment losses from derivative instruments in the second quarter of 2015. The second quarter 2016 higher revenues also included $55 million higher other investment income and $41 million higher investment gains.

Universal life and investment-type product policy fee income decreased $9 million to $915 million in second quarter 2016 from $924 million in second quarter 2015. The decrease was principally due to an $33 million lower policy fee income earned on annuity and VISL products partially offset by a $24 million lower increase in the initial fee liability (a $16 million increase in the second quarter of 2016 as compared to a $40 million increase in the second quarter of 2015). The second quarter 2016 increase in initial fee liability included updates resulting from favorable mortality experience for certain VISL products, which increased the initial fee liability by $16 million. The second quarter 2015 increase in initial fee liability included updates to the RTM assumption for VISL products, which increased the initial fee liability by $32 million.
 
Premiums were $121 million in second quarter 2016 and in second quarter 2015.

Net investment income increased $1.6 billion to $1.2 billion in second quarter 2016 from a net investment loss of $401 million in second quarter 2015. The increase resulted from $1.5 billion of higher investment income from derivative instruments and $55 million higher other investment income. The Insurance segment reported $603 million of investment income from derivative instruments including those related to hedging programs implemented to mitigate certain risks associated with the GMDB/GMIB/GWBL features of certain variable annuity contracts and those used to hedge risks associated with interest margins on interest sensitive life and annuity contracts as compared to a $918 million investment loss in second quarter 2015. The second quarter 2016 income from derivatives was primarily driven by a decrease in interest rates partially offset by improvement in equity markets during the second quarter of 2016. The second quarter 2015 investment loss from derivative instruments was primarily driven by an increase in interest rates and relatively flat equity markets during second quarter 2015. The increase in other investment income is primarily attributable to $70 million higher realized and unrealized gains from trading account securities partially offset by $16 million lower investment income from fixed maturities.

Investment gains (losses), net were a gain of $24 million in second quarter 2016, as compared to a $17 million loss in second quarter 2015. The Insurance segment’s net gains in second quarter 2016 were primarily due to $33 million gains on sales of fixed maturities partially offset by $8 million writedowns of fixed maturities. The Insurance segment’s net loss in second quarter 2015 was primarily due to $16 million in writedowns of fixed maturities and $2 million loss on sales of fixed maturities.

Commissions, fees and other income decreased $20 million to $241 million in second quarter 2016 as compared to $261 million in second quarter 2015. This decrease was primarily due to $15 million lower gross investment management and distribution fees from EQAT/VIP. Included in commission fees and other income were fees earned by AXA Equitable FMG of $167 million and $181 million in second quarter 2016 and 2015, respectively.

In second quarter 2016, there was a $1.1 billion increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset as compared to a $1.5 billion decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset in second quarter 2015; both periods’ changes reflected existing capital market conditions. Included in second quarter 2016 were the impacts from decreasing interest rates which increased the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset by $1.2 billion, partially offsetting the increase were the impacts of improvements in equity markets in second quarter 2016, which decreased the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset by $175 million. Other changes in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset resulting from capital market volatility, credit spreads, and other items increased the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset by $95 million. Included in second quarter 2015 were the impacts from increasing interest rates which decreased the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset by $1.6 billion, partially offsetting the decrease were the impacts of lapse assumption updates which increased the asset by $216 million and relatively flat equity markets in second quarter 2015 which increased the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset by $13 million.
Benefits and Other Deductions


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In second quarter 2016, total benefits and other deductions increased $792 million to $2.1 billion from $1.4 billion in second quarter 2015. The Insurance segment’s increase was principally due to $657 million higher policyholders’ benefits, $81 million higher interest credited to policyholders’ account balances, $54 million higher DAC amortization and $41 million higher other operating expenses partially offset by a $29 million decrease in compensation and benefits and a $19 million decrease in commission expenses.

Policyholders’ benefits increased $657 million to $1.3 billion in second quarter 2016 from $619 million in second quarter 2015. The increase was primarily due to the $561 million higher increase in GMDB/GMIB reserves (an increase of $624 million in second quarter 2016 as compared to an increase of $63 million in the second quarter 2015) and a $32 million increase in GWBL and GMAB reserves (an increase of $16 million in the second quarter 2016 as compared to a decrease of $16 million in second quarter 2015); both periods reflecting changes in interest rates and equity markets. Other increase in policyholders benefits include a $76 million increase in other reserves and $18 million higher benefits paid.

The second quarter 2015 increase in GMIB and GMDB reserves includes a $723 million increase in reserves resulting from the Company’s update to the RTM assumption and a $64 million increase in reserves resulting from the Company’s lapse assumption update.
 
In second quarter 2016, interest credited to policyholders’ account balances totaled $349 million; an increase of $81 million from the $268 million reported in second quarter 2015 primarily due to higher interest credited on certain variable annuity contracts which is based upon performance of market indices subject to guarantees.

Total compensation and benefits totaled $114 million in second quarter 2016, a $29 million decrease from $143 million in second quarter 2015. The decrease is primarily a result of $35 million lower employee benefit costs and stock plan expenses partially offset by $6 million higher employee salaries.

In second quarter 2016, commission expense totaled $273 million, a decrease of $19 million compared to second quarter 2015, principally due to a decrease in indexed universal life product sales.

In second quarter 2016, interest expense totaled $3 million; a decrease of $1 million from $4 million in second quarter 2015. The decrease is due to the repayment at maturity of a $200 million callable 7.7% surplus note to third parties during fourth quarter 2015, partially offset by $2 million higher interest expense on repurchase agreement transactions.

DAC amortization was $72 million in second quarter 2016, an increase of $54 million from $18 million of DAC amortization in second quarter 2015. DAC amortization in the second quarter of 2016 included $27 million of favorable changes in expected future margins primarily on VISL products (partially offset in the initial fee liability) resulting from updates to the mortality assumption on certain VISL products as a result of favorable mortality experience which decreased the amortization of DAC by $70 million and other one-time updates including balance true-ups, which decreased the amortization of DAC by $33 million partially offsetting these favorable changes was an update to the General Account spread assumption on certain VISL products to reflect lower expected investment yields which increased the amortization of DAC by $79 million. DAC amortization in the second quarter of 2015 included $129 million of favorable changes in expected future margins primarily on VISL products (partially offset in the initial fee liability) including updates to the RTM and lapse assumptions, which decreased the amortization of DAC by $99 million and $22 million respectively. Other drivers offsetting the increase in DAC amortization primarily resulted from baseline amortization and DAC reactivity to realized capital gains (losses).

After the initial establishment of reserves, premium deficiency and loss recognition tests are performed each period end using best estimate assumptions as of the testing date without provisions for adverse deviation. When the liabilities for future policy benefits plus the present value of expected future gross premiums for the aggregate product group are insufficient to provide for expected future policy benefits and expenses for that line of business (i.e., reserves net of any DAC asset), DAC would first be written off and thereafter, if required, a premium deficiency reserve would be established by a charge to earnings.
In accordance with the guidance for the accounting and reporting by insurance enterprises for certain long-duration contracts and participating contracts and for realized gains and losses from the sale of investments, current and expected future profit margins for products covered by this guidance are examined regularly in determining the amortization of DAC.
DAC associated with certain variable annuity products is amortized based on estimated assessments, with DAC on the remainder of variable annuities, UL and investment-type products amortized over the expected total life of the contract group as a constant percentage of estimated gross profits arising principally from investment results, Separate Account fees, mortality and expense margins and surrender charges based on historical and anticipated future experience, updated at the end of each accounting period. When estimated gross profits are expected to be negative for multiple years of a contract life, DAC is amortized using the present

83


value of estimated assessments. The effect on the amortization of DAC of revisions to estimated gross profits or assessments is reflected in earnings (loss) in the period such estimated gross profits or assessments are revised. A decrease in expected gross profits or assessments would accelerate DAC amortization. Conversely, an increase in expected gross profits or assessments would slow DAC amortization. The effect on the DAC assets that would result from realization of unrealized gains (losses) is recognized with an offset to AOCI in consolidated equity as of the balance sheet date.
A significant assumption in the amortization of DAC on variable annuities and, to a lesser extent, on variable and interest-sensitive life insurance relates to projected future Separate Account performance. Management sets estimated future gross profit or assessment assumptions related to Separate Account performance using a long-term view of expected average market returns by applying a reversion to the mean approach, a commonly used industry practice. This future return approach influences the projection of fees earned, as well as other sources of estimated gross profits. Returns that are higher than expectations for a given period produce higher than expected account balances, increase the fees earned resulting in higher expected future gross profits and lower DAC amortization for the period. The opposite occurs when returns are lower than expected.
In applying this approach to develop estimates of future returns, it is assumed that the market will return to an average gross long-term return estimate, developed with reference to historical long-term equity market performance. In second quarter 2015, based upon management’s current expectations of interest rates and future fund growth, the Company updated its RTM assumption from 9.0% to 7.0%. The average gross long term return measurement start date was also updated to December 31, 2014. Management has set limitations as to maximum and minimum future rate of return assumptions, as well as a limitation on the duration of use of these maximum or minimum rates of return. At June 30, 2016, the average gross short-term and long-term annual return estimate on variable and interest-sensitive life insurance and variable annuities was 7.0% (4.7% net of product weighted average Separate Account fees), and the gross maximum and minimum short-term annual rate of return limitations were 15.0% (12.7% net of product weighted average Separate Account fees) and 0.0% (-2.3% net of product weighted average Separate Account fees), respectively. The maximum duration over which these rate limitations may be applied is 5 years. This approach will continue to be applied in future periods. These assumptions of long-term growth are subject to assessment of the reasonableness of resulting estimates of future return assumptions.
If actual market returns continue at levels that would result in assuming future market returns of 15.0% for more than 5 years in order to reach the average gross long-term return estimate, the application of the 5 - year maximum duration limitation would result in an acceleration of DAC amortization. Conversely, actual market returns resulting in assumed future market returns of 0.0% for more than 5 years would result in a required deceleration of DAC amortization. At December 31, 2015, current projections of future average gross market returns assume a 15.0% annualized return for the next four quarters, grading to a reversion to the mean of 7.0% in six quarters. To demonstrate the sensitivity of variable annuity reserves and DAC amortization from a change in the assumption for future Separate Account rate of return see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Estimates - Sensitivity of Future Rate of Return Assumptions on GMDB/GMIB Reserves and Sensitivity of DAC to Changes in Future Rate of Return Assumptions” in the Company’s 2015 Form 10-K.
Other significant assumptions underlying gross profit estimates for UL products and investment type products relate to contract persistency and General Account investment spread.
DAC capitalization totaled $146 million in second quarter 2016, a decrease of $11 million from the $157 million reported in second quarter 2015. The decrease was primarily due to a $9 million decrease in first year commissions and a $2 million decrease in deferrable operating expenses.

Other operating costs and expenses totaled $195 million in second quarter 2016, an increase of $40 million from the $155 million reported in second quarter 2015. The increase of $40 million is primarily related to $87 million higher amortization of reinsurance costs related to the deferred asset recorded from the Company’s reinsurance transaction with AXA Arizona partially offset by a $47 million decrease in other general and administrative expenses.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Revenues

In the first six months of 2016, the Insurance segment’s revenues increased $5.6 billion to $7.9 billion from $2.2 billion in the first six months of 2015. The increase was principally due to a $2.7 billion increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $1.4 billion of investment income from derivatives in the first six month of 2016 as compared to a $760 million decrease in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and $575 million of investment losses from derivative instruments in the first six month of 2015. The first six months of 2016 total revenues also included $163 million higher other investment

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income and $54 million higher investment gains partially offset by $38 million lower commissions fees and other income in the first six months of 2016 when compared to the first six months of 2015.

Universal life and investment-type product policy fee income increased $6 million to $1.8 billion in the first six months of 2016 from $1.8 billion in the first six months of 2015. The increase was principally due to a $35 million lower increase in the initial fee liability (a $8 million increase in the first six months of 2016 as compared to a $43 million increase in the first six months of 2015) partially offset by $29 million lower policy fee income earned on annuity and VISL products. The first six months of 2016 increase in initial fee liability included updates resulting from favorable mortality experience for certain VISL products, which increased the initial fee liability by $16 million. The first six months of 2015 increase in initial fee liability included updates to the RTM assumption for VISL products, which increased the initial fee liability by $32 million.
 
Premiums totaled $247 million in the first six months of 2016, $14 million lower than the $261 million in the first six months of 2015. This decrease primarily resulted from lower traditional life insurance sales.

Net investment income increased $2.1 billion to $2.5 billion in the first six months of 2016 from $441 million in the first six months of 2015. The increase resulted from an increase of $1.9 billion in investment income from derivative instruments and $163 million higher other investment income. The Insurance segment reported $1.9 billion of income from derivative instruments including those related to hedging programs implemented to mitigate certain risks associated with the GMDB/GMIB/GWBL features of certain variable annuity contracts and those used to hedge risks associated with interest margins on interest sensitive life and annuity contracts as compared to $575 million of investment losses from derivative instruments during the first six months of 2015. The first six months of 2016 investment income from derivative instruments was primarily driven by a decrease in interest rates partially offset by improvement in equity markets during the first six months of 2016. The first six months of 2015 investment losses from derivative instruments were primarily driven by an increase in interest rates and relatively flat equity markets during the first six months of 2015. The increase in other investment income is primarily attributable $114 million higher realized and unrealized gains from trading account securities and a $66 million prepayment penalty charged to an affiliate for early prepayment of a loan partially offset by $15 million lower income from equity in limited partnerships and $10 million lower investment income from fixed maturities.

Investment gains (losses), net were a gain of $39 million in the first six months of 2016, as compared to a $15 million net loss in the first six months of 2015. The Insurance segment’s net gains in the first six months of 2016 were primarily due to $48 million gains on sales of fixed maturities and a $21 million gain on sale of artwork partially offset by $25 million of writedowns of fixed maturities. The Insurance segment’s net loss in the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to $18 million in writedowns of fixed maturities partially offset by $2 million of investment gains on sales of fixed maturities.

Commissions, fees and other income decreased $38 million to $473 million in the first six months of 2016 as compared to $511 million in the first six months of 2015. This decrease was primarily due to $30 million lower gross investment management and distribution fees from EQAT/VIP. Included in commission fees and other income were fees earned by AXA Equitable FMG of $328 million and $358 million in the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

In the first six months of 2016, there was a $2.7 billion increase in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset as compared to the $760 million decrease in its fair value in the first six months of 2015; both periods’ changes reflected existing capital market conditions. Included in the first six months of 2016 were the impacts from decreasing interest rates, which increased the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset by $2.8 billion, partially offsetting the increase were the impacts of improvements in equity markets in the first six months of 2016 and the December 2015 buyback program which completed in March 2016 which decreased the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset by $201 million and $53 million, respectively. Other changes in the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset resulting from capital market volatility, credit spreads, and other items increased the fair value of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset by $189 million. Included in the first six months of 2015 were the impacts from increasing interest rates, the impacts of updated assumptions resulting from the Company’s lump sum option added to certain policyholder’s GMIB contracts and relatively flat equity markets which decreased the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset by $758 million, $263 million and $177 million, respectively. These decreases were partially offset by the impacts of lapse assumption updates which increased the fair value of the reinsurance contract asset by $216 million.
Benefits and Other Deductions

In the first six months of 2016, total benefits and other deductions increased $951 million to $4.1 billion from $3.2 billion in the first six months of 2015. The Insurance segment’s increase was principally due to a $884 million higher policyholders’ benefits, $38 million higher interest credited to policyholders’ account balances, an increase of $45 million amortization of DAC, $26

85


million higher other operating expense and a $5 million increase in other interest expense partially offset by a $26 million decrease in compensation and benefits expense and $25 million decrease in commissions expense.

Policyholders’ benefits increased $884 million to $2.4 billion in the first six months of 2016 from $1.5 billion in the first six months of 2015. The increase was primarily due to the $617 million higher increase in GMDB/GMIB reserves (an increase of $1.0 billion in the first six months of 2016 as compared to an increase of $409 million in the first six months of 2015) and a $53 million higher increase in GWBL and GMAB reserves (an increase of $41 million in the first six months of 2016 as compared to a decrease of $12 million in the first six months of 2015); both periods reflecting changes in interest rates and equity markets. The $617 million increase in GMDB/GMIB reserves in the first six months of 2016 includes a $56 million decrease in GMDB/GMIB reserves as a result of the December 2015 buyback. Other increase in policyholders benefits include $115 million other increase in reserves, $89 million higher benefits paid and $36 million additional loss recognition in Non-par Wind-up annuity reserves.

The first six months of 2015 increase in GMDB/GMIB reserves includes a $723 million increase in reserves resulting from the Company’s update to the RTM assumption and a $64 million increase in reserves resulting from the Company’s lapse assumption update. The increase in GMDB/GMIB reserves was partially offset by the impacts of updated assumptions resulting from the Company’s lump sum option added to certain policyholder’s GMIB and GWBL contracts in the first quarter of 2015 which decreased the GMIB and GWBL reserve by $55 million.

In the first six months of 2016, interest credited to policyholders’ account balances totaled $626 million, an increase of $38 million from the $588 million reported in the first six months of 2015 primarily due to higher interest credited on certain variable annuity contracts which is based upon performance of market indices subject to guarantees.

Total compensation and benefits totaled $232 million in the first six months of 2016, a $26 million decrease from $258 million in the first six months of 2015. The decrease is primarily a result of $40 million decrease in employee benefit costs and stock plan expenses partially offset by $14 million higher employee salaries.

In the first six months of 2016, commission expense totaled $541 million, a decrease of $25 million compared to the first six months of 2015, principally due to a decrease in indexed universal life product sales.

In the first six months of 2016, interest expense totaled $6 million; a decrease of $3 million from $9 million in the first six months of 2015. The decrease is due to the repayment at maturity of a $200 million callable 7.7% surplus note to third parties during fourth quarter 2015, partially offset by $4 million higher interest expense on repurchase agreement transactions.

DAC amortization was $203 million in the first six months of 2016, an increase of $45 million from $158 million of DAC amortization in the first six months of 2015. DAC amortization in the first six months of 2016 included $2 million of unfavorable changes in expected future margins primarily on VISL products (partially offset in the initial fee liability) resulting from updates to the General Account spread assumption on certain VISL products to reflect lower expected investment yields which increased the amortization of DAC by $79 million offset by updates to the mortality assumption on certain VISL products as a result of favorable mortality experience which decreased the amortization of DAC by $70 million and other one-time updates including balance true ups which decreased the amortization of DAC by $6 million. DAC amortization in the first six month of 2015 included $72 million of favorable changes in expected future margins on VISL products (partially offset in the initial fee liability) including updates to the RTM and lapse assumptions in the second quarter of 2015 which decreased the amortization of DAC by $92 million and $22 million respectively. Other drivers offsetting the increase in DAC amortization primarily resulted from baseline amortization and DAC reactivity to realized capital gains (losses).

DAC capitalization totaled $287 million in the first six months of 2016, a decrease of $14 million from the $301 million reported in the first six months of 2015. The decrease was primarily due to a $15 million decrease in first year commissions partially offset by a $1 million increase in deferrable operating expenses.

Other operating costs and expenses totaled $367 million in the first six months of 2016, an increase of $26 million from the $341 million reported in the first six months of 2015. The increase of $26 million is primarily related to $37 million higher amortization of reinsurance costs related to the deferred asset recorded from the Company’s reinsurance transaction with AXA Arizona and a $21 million donation to the AXA Foundation from the proceeds received from the sale of artwork in the first six months of 2016 partially offset by a $30 million decrease in other general and administrative expenses.
Premiums and Deposits.

86


Over the past several years, the Company has modified its product portfolio with the objective of offering a balanced and diversified product portfolio that takes into account the macroeconomic environment and customer preferences and drives profitable growth while appropriately managing risk.

The following table lists sales for major insurance product lines for the second quarter and first six months of 2016. Premiums and deposits are presented gross of internal conversions and are presented gross of reinsurance ceded.
Premiums and Deposits

 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Retail:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annuities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First year
$
890

 
$
952

 
$
1,802

 
$
1,788

Renewal
597

 
535

 
1,178

 
1,035

 
1,487

 
1,487

 
2,980

 
2,823

Life(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First year
33

 
40

 
64

 
73

Renewal
411

 
440

 
825

 
865

 
444

 
480

 
889

 
938

Other(2) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Renewal
50

 
53

 
107

 
111

 
50

 
53

 
107

 
111

Total retail
1,981

 
2,020

 
3,976

 
3,872

Wholesale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annuities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First year
1,137

 
1,077

 
2,174

 
1,999

Renewal
71

 
65

 
152

 
117

 
1,208

 
1,142

 
2,326

 
2,116

Life(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First year
3

 
6

 
12

 
16

Renewal
178

 
140

 
346

 
299

 
181

 
146

 
358

 
315

Total wholesale
1,389

 
1,288

 
2,684

 
2,431

Total Premiums and Deposits
$
3,370

 
$
3,308

 
$
6,660

 
$
6,303

 
(1)
Includes variable, interest-sensitive and traditional life products.
(2)
Includes reinsurance assumed and health insurance.

Total premiums and deposits for insurance and annuity products for second quarter 2016 were $3.4 billion, a $62 million increase from $3.3 billion in second quarter 2015 while total first year premiums and deposits decreased $12 million to $2.1 billion in second quarter 2016 from $2.1 billion in second quarter 2015. The annuity line’s first year premiums and deposits decreased $2 million to $2.0 billion principally due to the $62 million decrease in sales in the retail channel offset by a $60 million increase in sales from the wholesale channel. The decrease in first year annuity sales is primarily due to lower sales of Retirement Cornerstone® and Accumulator® products partially offset by higher sales of the Company’s SCS, Investment EdgeSM, EQUI-VEST® and other variable annuity products that do not offer enhanced guaranteed living benefits. First year premiums and deposits for the life

87


insurance products decreased $10 million, primarily due to a decrease in sales of insurance products in both the retail and wholesale channels reflecting lower sales of Indexed universal life products.


Total premiums and deposits for insurance and annuity products for the first six months of 2016 were $6.7 billion, a $357 million increase from $6.3 billion in the first six months of 2015 while total first year premiums and deposits increased $176 million to $4.1 billion in the first six months of 2016 from $3.9 billion in the first six months of 2015. The annuity line’s first year premiums and deposits increased $189 million to $4.0 billion principally due to the $175 million increase in sales in the wholesale channel. The increase in first year annuity sales is primarily due to higher sales of the Company’s SCS, Investment EdgeSM, EQUI-VEST® and other variable annuity products that do not offer enhanced guaranteed living benefits partially offset by lower sales of Retirement Cornerstone® and Accumulator® products. First year premiums and deposits for the life insurance products decreased $13 million, primarily due to a decrease in sales of Indexed universal life insurance products in both the retail and wholesale channels.
Surrenders and Withdrawals.
The following table presents surrender and withdrawal amounts and rates for major insurance product lines. Annuity surrenders and withdrawals are presented net of internal replacements.
Surrenders and Withdrawals(1) 
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(Dollars in Millions)
Annuities
$
1,838

 
$
1,840

 
$
4,023

 
$
3,664

 
6.9
%
 
6.1
%
Variable and interest-sensitive life
187

 
192

 
341

 
377

 
3.4
%
 
3.7
%
Traditional life
44

 
47

 
103

 
92

 
2.8
%
 
2.5
%
Total
$
2,069

 
$
2,079

 
$
4,467

 
$
4,133

 
 
 
 
 
(1)
Surrender rates are based on the average surrenderable future policy benefits and/or policyholders’ account balances for the related policies and contracts in force during each year.

Surrenders and withdrawals decreased $10 million, from $2.1 billion in the second quarter 2015 to $2.1 billion in the second quarter 2016. There was a decrease of $5 million, $3 million and $2 million in VISL, traditional life and annuity products surrenders and withdrawals.

Surrenders and withdrawals increased $334 million, from $4.1 billion in the first six months of 2015 to $4.5 billion in the first six months of 2016. There was an increase of $359 million and $11 million in annuities and traditional life, respectively, and a decrease of $36 million in VISL products surrenders and withdrawals. The increase in individual annuities surrenders for the first six months of 2016 is due to the impact of $558 million of surrenders related to the Company’s 2015 buyback program to purchase from certain policyholders the GMDB and GMIB riders contained in their Accumulator® contracts, which expired in the first quarter of 2016.


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Investment Management.

The table that follows presents the operating results of the Investment Management segment, consisting principally of AB’s operations, for the second quarter and first six months of 2016.
Investment Management - Results of Operations
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment advisory and services fees
$
477

 
$
516

 
$
928

 
$
1,010

Bernstein research services
116

 
122

 
242

 
248

Distribution revenues
97

 
112

 
190

 
221

Other revenues
20

 
26

 
48

 
51

Commissions, fees and other income
710

 
776

 
1,408

 
1,530

Net investment income (loss)
12

 
8

 
85

 
22

Investment gains (losses), net
2

 
6

 

 
1

Total revenues
724

 
790

 
1,493

 
1,553

Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation and benefits
315

 
343

 
623

 
675

Distribution related payments
93

 
102

 
180

 
203

Amortization of deferred sales commissions
11

 
13

 
22

 
25

Interest expense

 
1

 
1

 
1

Rent expense
32

 
32

 
63

 
64

Amortization of other intangible assets, net
7

 
7

 
14

 
14

Other operating costs and expenses
128

 
132

 
283

 
264

Total expenses
586

 
630

 
1,186

 
1,246

Earnings (Loss) from Operations before Income Taxes
$
138

 
$
160

 
$
307

 
$
307

Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Revenues

Revenues totaled $724 million in second quarter 2016, a decrease of $66 million from $790 million in second quarter 2015. The decrease is primarily due to $39 million lower in Investment advisory and service fee income, $15 million lower Distribution revenues, $6 million lower Bernstein research revenues, and $6 million lower other revenues.

Investment advisory and services fees include base fees and performance-based fees. The increase or decrease in base fees is primarily attributable to an increase or decrease in average AUM. In second quarter 2016, Investment advisory and services fees totaled $477 million; $39 million lower from the $516 million in second quarter 2015. The decrease is principally due to lower base fees and performance-based fees of $26 million and $13 million, respectively. Retail investment advisory and services fees and Institutional investment advisory and services decreased $26 million and $14 million, respectively. Private Wealth Management investment advisory and services increased $1 million. The overall decrease is primarily due to lower average AUM during the second quarter 2016, as compared to the second quarter 2015.
 
Bernstein research services had revenues of $116 million in second quarter 2016; a $6 million decease when compared to second quarter 2015. The decrease was the result of lower market levels and trading activity.


89


Distribution revenues were $97 million in the second quarter 2016, a decrease of $15 million as compared to the $112 million revenue in second quarter 2015, while the corresponding average AUM of these mutual funds decreased.

Net investment income (loss) consisted principally of realized and unrealized gains (losses) on trading investments, income (losses) from derivative instruments and dividend and interest income, offset by interest expense related to interest accrued on cash balances in customers’ brokerage accounts. The $4 million increase in net investment income (loss) to $12 million in second quarter 2016 as compared to $8 million in second quarter 2015 was principally due to $5 million higher income from an AB consolidated private equity fund, now considered a VIE, $5 million higher income from seed capital investments and $3 million higher dividend and interest income partially offset by $8 million lower investment income from derivative instruments.

Expenses

The Investment Management segment’s total expenses were $586 million in second quarter 2016, a decrease of $44 million from the $630 million in second quarter 2015 attributed to lower compensation and benefit expenses, lower distribution related payments and lower other operating expenses.

For second quarter 2016, employee compensation and benefits expenses for the Investment Management segment were $315 million, a decrease of $28 million as compared to $343 million in second quarter 2015. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower incentive compensation of $18 million, lower fringes and other costs of $4 million and lower commissions of $4 million.

The distribution related payments decreased $9 million to $93 million in second quarter 2016 from $102 million in the second quarter 2015 primarily as a result of lower distribution revenues.

The $4 million decrease in other operating costs and expenses to $128 million for second quarter 2016 as compared to $132 million in second quarter 2015 was primarily due to $4 million lower general and administrative expenses and the release of approximately $2 million of the real estate charge accrual due to changes in estimates of previously recorded real estate charges.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Revenues

Revenues totaled $1.5 billion in the first six months of 2016, a decrease of $60 million from $1.6 billion in the first six months of 2015. The decrease is primarily due to an $82 million decrease in Investment advisory and services fees, $31 million lower Distribution revenues, a $6 million decrease in Bernstein research revenues and a $3 million decrease in other revenues partially offset by $63 million higher Net investment income.

Investment advisory and services fees include base fees and performance-based fees. The increase or decrease in base fees is primarily attributable to an increase or decrease in average AUM. In the first six months of 2016, Investment advisory and services fees totaled $928 million, a decrease of $82 million from the $1.0 billion in the first six months of 2015. The decrease includes a decrease in base fees and performance-based fees of $65 million and $17 million, respectively. Retail investment advisory and services fees, Institutional investment advisory and services, Private Wealth Management base and performance fees decreased $52 million, $26 million and $4 million, respectively primarily due to a decrease in average AUM during the first six months of 2016, as compared to the first six months of 2015.
 
Bernstein research revenues decreased $6 million to $242 million in the first six months of 2016 when compared to first six months of 2015. The decrease were the result of lower market levels and trading activity.

Distribution revenues were $190 million in the first six months of 2016, a decrease of $31 million as compared to the $221 million in the first six months of 2015, while the corresponding average AUM of these mutual funds decreased.

Net investment income (loss) consisted principally of realized and unrealized gains (losses) on trading investments, income (losses) from derivative instruments and dividend and interest income, offset by interest expense related to interest accrued on cash balances in customers’ brokerage accounts. The $63 million increase in net investment income (loss) to $85 million in the first six months of 2016 as compared to $22 million in the first six months of 2015 was principally due to a $75 million increase of investment gains from the sale of an investment holding partially offset by a $6 million decrease in derivative instruments income and $5 million decease of unrealized gains in AB’s consolidated private equity fund ($2 million unrealized gains in the first six months of 2016 as compared to $7 million of unrealized gains in the first six months of 2015).


90


Expenses

The Investment Management segment’s total expenses were $1.2 billion in the first six months of 2016, a decrease of $60 million from the $1.2 billion in the first six months of 2015 attributed to lower compensation and benefits and lower distribution related expenses partially offset by $19 million higher Other operating charges.

For the first six months of 2016, employee compensation and benefits expenses for the Investment Management segment were $623 million, a decrease of $52 million as compared to $675 million in the first six months of 2015. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower incentive compensation of $53 million, lower commissions of $7 million, and lower fringes and other costs of $4 million partially offset by an increase in base compensation of $11 million, reflecting higher severance costs.

The distribution related payments decreased $23 million to $180 million in the first six months of 2016 from $203 million in the first six months of 2015 primarily as a result of lower distribution revenues.

The $19 million increase in other operating costs and expenses to $283 million for the first six months of 2016 as compared to $264 million in the first six months of 2015 was primarily due to a $25 million real estate charges recorded in the first six months of 2016.


91


FEES AND ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT
A breakdown of fees and AUM follows:
Fees and Assets Under Management
 
 
 
 
 
 
At or For the
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
FEES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Third party
$
456

 
$
497

 
$
890

 
$
974

General Account and other
12

 
12

 
23

 
22

AXA Financial Insurance Segment Separate Accounts
7

 
7

 
13

 
14

Total Fees
$
475

 
$
516

 
$
926

 
$
1,010

ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets by Manager
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AB
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Third party(1)
 
 
 
 
$
401,316

 
$
396,661

General Account and other(2)
 
 
 
 
57,350

 
55,682

AXA Financial Insurance Segment Separate Accounts(3)
 
 
 
 
30,835

 
32,757

Total AB
 
 
 
 
489,501

 
485,100

Insurance Segment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General Account and other(4)
 
 
 
 
20,482

 
17,963

AXA Financial Insurance Segment Separate Accounts
 
 
 
 
78,593

 
81,330

Total Insurance Segment
 
 
 
 
99,075

 
99,293

Total by Account:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Third party
 
 
 
 
401,316

 
396,661

General Account and other
 
 
 
 
77,832

 
73,645

AXA Financial Insurance Segment Separate Accounts
 
 
 
 
109,428

 
114,087

Total Assets Under Management
 
 
 
 
$
588,576

 
$
584,393

 
(1)
Includes $44.4 billion and $40.4 billion of assets managed on behalf of AXA affiliates at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Third party AUM includes 100% of the estimated fair value of real estate owned by joint ventures in which third party clients own an interest.
(2)
Includes all General Account and other invested assets of the Company managed by AB as well as General Account investments of other members of the AXA Financial Insurance Segment.
(3)
Includes $1.7 billion and $1.8 billion of MONY America Separate Account assets and $29.1 billion and $31.0 billion of AXA Equitable Separate Accounts managed by AB at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
(4)
Includes invested assets of the Company not managed by AB, principally cash and short-term investments and policy loans, totaling approximately $12.0 billion and $11.0 billion at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, as well as mortgages and equity real estate totaling $8.5 billion and $7.0 billion at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Fees for assets under management decreased 8.3% for the first six months of 2016 from the comparable period of 2015, in line with the change in average assets under management for third parties and the Separate Accounts.

92


Total assets under management at June 30, 2016 increased $4.2 billion to $588.6 billion. The $4.2 billion increase at June 30, 2016 as compared to June 30, 2015 resulted from market appreciation.
Changes in assets under management at AB for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was as follows:
 
 
Investment Service
 
Equity
Actively
Managed
 
Equity
Passively
Managed(1)
 
Fixed
Income
Actively
Managed-
Taxable
 
Fixed
Income
Actively
Managed
-Tax-
Exempt
 
Fixed
Income
Passively
Managed(1)
 
Other(2)
 
Total
 
(In billions)
Balance as of April 1, 2016
$
110.1

 
$
45.5

 
$
219.1

 
$
35.0

 
$
10.3

 
$
59.0

 
$
479.0

Long-term flows:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales/new accounts
3.1

 
0.2

 
12.0

 
2.4

 
0.1

 
0.6

 
18.4

Redemptions/terminations
(3.9
)
 

 
(6.3
)
 
(1.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.6
)
 
(12.0
)
Cash flow/unreinvested dividends
(0.7
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(2.4
)
 
0.1

 
1.5

 
(1.2
)
 
(2.9
)
Net long-term (outflows) inflows
(1.5
)
 

 
3.3

 
1.4

 
1.5

 
(1.2
)
 
3.5

AUM adjustment (3)

 

 

 

 

 
(3.0
)
 
(3.0
)
Market appreciation (depreciation)
0.6

 
0.8

 
7.0

 
0.7

 
0.1

 
0.8

 
10.0

Net change
(0.9
)
 
0.8

 
10.3

 
2.1

 
1.6

 
(3.4
)
 
10.5

Balance as of June 30, 2016
$
109.2

 
$
46.3

 
$
229.4

 
$
37.1

 
$
11.9

 
$
55.6

 
$
489.5

Balance as of December 31, 2015
$
110.6

 
$
46.4

 
$
207.4

 
$
33.5

 
$
10.0

 
$
59.5

 
$
467.4

Long-term flows:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales/new accounts
6.9

 
0.3

 
20.5

 
4.5

 
0.1

 
1.5

 
33.8

Redemptions/terminations
(7.8
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(10.7
)
 
(2.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(1.2
)
 
(22.5
)
Cash flow/unreinvested dividends
(0.7
)
 
(0.7
)
 
(3.8
)
 
0.1

 
1.3

 
(1.8
)
 
(5.6
)
Net long-term (outflows) inflows
(1.6
)
 
(0.8
)
 
6.0

 
2.4

 
1.2

 
(1.5
)
 
5.7

AUM adjustment (3)

 

 

 

 

 
(3.0
)
 
(3.0
)
Market appreciation (depreciation)
0.2

 
0.7

 
16.0

 
1.2

 
0.7

 
0.6

 
19.4

Net change
(1.4
)
 
(0.1
)
 
22.0

 
3.6

 
1.9

 
(3.9
)
 
22.1

Balance as of June 30, 2016
$
109.2

 
$
46.3

 
$
229.4

 
$
37.1

 
$
11.9

 
$
55.6

 
$
489.5

 
(1)
Includes index and enhanced index services.
(2)
Includes multi-asset solutions and services, and certain alternative investments.
(3)
During the second quarter of 2016, AB’s AUM decreased by $3.0 billion due to AB’s  shift from providing asset management services to consulting services for a client.  In addition, AB previously made minor adjustments to reported AUM for reporting methodology changes that do not represent inflows or outflows.



93


Average assets under management at AB by distribution channel and investment services were as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
 
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
Change
$
 
Change    %
 
2016
 
2015
 
Change
$
 
Change    %
 
(In billions)
 
 
 
 
 
(In billions)
 
 
 
 
Distribution Channel:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Institutions
$
246.8

 
$
249.9

 
$
(3.1
)
 
(1.2
)%
 
$
241.8

 
$
246.0

 
$
(4.2
)
 
(1.6
)%
Retail
159.0

 
164.5

 
(5.5
)
 
(3.3
)%
 
155.1

 
163.6

 
(8.5
)
 
(7.0
)%
Private Wealth Management
78.7

 
78.2

 
0.5

 
0.6
 %
 
77.5

 
77.4

 
0.1

 
(40.0
)%
Total
$
484.5

 
$
492.6

 
$
(8.1
)
 
(1.6
)%
 
$
474.4

 
$
487.0

 
$
(12.6
)
 
(3.2
)%
Investment Service:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity Actively Managed
$
110.0

 
$
116.3

 
$
(6.3
)
 
(5.4
)%
 
$
108.2

 
$
115.0

 
$
(6.8
)
 
(6.1
)%
Equity Passively Managed(1)
46.2

 
51.0

 
(4.8
)
 
(9.4
)%
 
45.2

 
50.8

 
(5.6
)
 
(12.3
)%
Fixed Income Actively Managed – Taxable
222.9

 
223.3

 
(0.4
)
 
(0.2
)%
 
216.9

 
223.2

 
(6.3
)
 
(5.5
)%
Fixed Income Actively Managed – Tax-exempt
35.9

 
32.5

 
3.4

 
10.5
 %
 
35.1

 
32.4

 
2.7

 
6.2
 %
Fixed Income Passively Managed(1)
11.1

 
9.9

 
1.2

 
12.1
 %
 
10.7

 
10.0

 
0.7

 
1.5
 %
Other(2) 
58.4

 
59.6

 
(1.2
)
 
(2.0
)%
 
58.3

 
55.6

 
2.7

 
15.1
 %
Total
$
484.5

 
$
492.6

 
$
(8.1
)
 
(1.6
)%
 
$
474.4

 
$
487.0

 
$
(12.6
)
 
(3.2
)%
 
(1)
Includes index and enhanced index services.
(2)
Includes multi-asset solutions and services, and certain alternative investments.
GENERAL ACCOUNT INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO
The General Account Investment Assets (“GAIA”) portfolio consists of a well-diversified portfolio of public and private fixed maturities, commercial and agricultural mortgages and other loans, equity securities and other invested assets.

The Company has asset/liability management (“ALM”) with separate investment objectives for specific classes of product liabilities. The Company establishes investment strategies to manage each product class’ investment return, duration and liquidity requirements, consistent with management’s overall investment objectives for the General Account investment portfolio.
The General Account's portfolio and investment results support the insurance and annuity liabilities of the Insurance segment’s business operations. The following table reconciles the consolidated balance sheet asset amounts to GAIA.


94


Net General Account Investment Assets
June 30, 2016
 
 
Balance
Sheet Total
 
Other(1)
 
GAIA
 
(In Millions)
Balance Sheet Captions:
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities, available for sale, at fair value
$
37,056

 
$
2,669

 
$
34,387

Mortgage loans on real estate
8,455

 
70

 
8,385

Policy Loans
3,367

 
(98
)
 
3,465

Other equity investments
1,447

 
154

 
1,293

Trading securities
7,843

 
322

 
7,521

Other invested assets
2,498

 
2,498

 

Total investments
60,666

 
5,615

 
55,051

Cash and cash equivalents
3,427

 
2,751

 
676

Short-term debt
(587
)
 
(587
)
 

Total
$
63,506

 
$
7,779

 
$
55,727

 
(1)
Assets listed in the “Other” category principally consist of the Company’s loans to affiliates and other miscellaneous assets and other miscellaneous liabilities related to GAIA that are reclassified from various balance sheet lines held in portfolios other than the General Account which are not managed as part of GAIA, including related accrued income or expense, certain reclassifications and intercompany adjustments and, for fixed maturities, the reversal of net unrealized gains (losses). The “Other” category is deducted in arriving at GAIA.


95


Investment Results of General Account Investment Assets
The following table summarizes investment results by asset category for the periods indicated.
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
Yield    
 
Amount    
 
Yield    
 
Amount    
 
(Dollars in Millions)
Fixed Maturities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss)
3.94
 %
 
$
318

 
4.39
 %
 
$
338

Ending assets
 
 
32,898

 
 
 
31,024

Below investment grade
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income
6.42
 %
 
26

 
7.19
 %
 
29

Ending assets
 
 
1,489

 
 
 
1,573

Mortgages:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss)
4.61
 %
 
92

 
5.82
 %
 
99

Ending assets
 
 
8,385

 
 
 
6,807

Other Equity Investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss)
7.30
 %
 
24

 
5.86
 %
 
22

Ending assets
 
 
1,293

 
 
 
1,411

Policy Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income
5.97
 %
 
52

 
6.07
 %
 
53

Ending assets
 
 
3,465

 
 
 
3,499

Cash and Short-term Investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income
 
 
3

 
 %
 
(1
)
Ending assets
 
 
676

 
 
 
6

Trading Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income
3.56
 %
 
63

 
 %
 
(1
)
Ending assets
 
 
7,521

 
 
 
5,480

Total Invested Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income
4.14
 %
 
578

 
4.16
 %
 
539

Ending Assets
 
 
55,727

 
 
 
49,800

Short-term and long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense and other
 
 

 
11.8
 %
 
(6
)
Ending assets (liabilities)
 
 

 
 
 
(201
)
Total:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment income
4.27
 %
 
578

 
4.27
 %
 
533

Less: investment fees
(0.10
)%
 
(14
)
 
(0.10
)%
 
(13
)
Investment Income, Net
4.17
 %
 
$
564

 
4.17
 %
 
$
520

Ending Net Assets
 
 
$
55,727

 
 
 
$
49,599



96


 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Year Ended December 31, 2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
Yield    
 
Amount    
 
Yield    
 
Amount    
 
 
(Dollars in Millions)
Fixed Maturities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment grade
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss)
4.02
 %
 
$
638

 
4.25
 %
 
$
649

 
$
1,299

Ending assets
 
 
32,898

 
 
 
31,024

 
30,777

Below investment grade
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income
6.97
 %
 
54

 
7.14
 %
 
60

 
109

Ending assets
 
 
1,489

 
 
 
1,573

 
1,321

Mortgages:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss)
6.53
 %
 
254

 
5.31
 %
 
181

 
354

Ending assets
 
 
8,385

 
 
 
6,807

 
7,480

Other Equity Investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss)
2.77
 %
 
18

 
5.00
 %
 
39

 
66

Ending assets
 
 
1,293

 
 
 
1,411

 
1,341

Policy Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income
5.97
 %
 
104

 
6.02
 %
 
105

 
213

Ending assets
 
 
3,465

 
 
 
3,499

 
3,499

Cash and Short-term Investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income
 
 
4

 
 %
 
(1
)
 
(2
)
Ending assets
 
 
676

 
 
 
6

 
711

Trading Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income
4.17
 %
 
142

 
1.35
 %
 
34

 
44

Ending assets
 
 
7,521

 
 
 
5,480

 
6,303

Total Invested Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income
4.46
 %
 
1,214

 
4.26
 %
 
1,067

 
2,083

Ending Assets
 
 
55,727

 
 
 
49,800

 
51,432

Short-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense and other
 
 

 
 %
 
(10
)
 
(9
)
Ending assets (liabilities)
 
 

 
 
 
(201
)
 

Total:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment Income
4.55
 %
 
1,214

 
4.25
 %
 
1,057

 
2,074

Less: investment fees
(0.11
)%
 
(28
)
 
(0.10
)%
 
(25
)
 
(55
)
Investment Income, Net
4.44
 %
 
$
1,186

 
4.15
 %
 
$
1,032

 
$
2,019

Ending Net Assets
 
 
$
55,727

 
 
 
$
49,599

 
$
51,432

Fixed Maturities

The fixed maturity portfolio consists largely of investment grade corporate debt securities and includes significant amounts of U.S. government and agency obligations. At June 30, 2016, 77% of the fixed maturity portfolio was publicly traded. At June 30, 2016, GAIA held commercial mortgage backed securities (“CMBS”) with an amortized cost of $489 million. The General Account had a $0.3 million exposure to the sovereign debt of Italy and no exposure to the sovereign debt of Greece, Portugal, Spain, the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom.  The General Account had $2.1 billion or 6.1% of exposure to the oil and gas industry ($1.4 billion in the Energy sector, $590 million in the Utility sector and $104 million in other sectors) at June 30, 2016. Of the total oil and gas industry related securities the General Account held at June 30, 2016 an amortized cost of $182 million or 8.6% was below investment grade. See “Fixed Maturities by Industry” below.
The increase in the book yield for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 when compared to the comparable 2015 period was primarily due to loan prepayment income from an affiliate.


97


Fixed Maturities by Industry
The General Accounts’ fixed maturities portfolios include publicly-traded and privately-placed corporate debt securities across an array of industry categories.
The following table sets forth these fixed maturities by industry category as of the dates indicated along with their associated gross unrealized gains and losses.

98


Fixed Maturities by Industry(1) 
 
Amortized  
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized  
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized  
Losses
 
Fair Value  
 
(In Millions)
At June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finance
$
4,899

 
$
269

 
$
1

 
$
5,167

Manufacturing
5,842

 
464

 
5

 
6,301

Utilities
3,235

 
330

 
5

 
3,560

Services
2,978

 
221

 
6

 
3,193

Energy
1,432

 
89

 
21

 
1,500

Retail and wholesale
1,089

 
63

 
1

 
1,151

Transportation
828

 
77

 
2

 
903

Other
75

 
6

 

 
81

Total corporate securities
20,378

 
1,519

 
41

 
21,856

U.S. government and agency
11,833

 
1,475

 
25

 
13,283

Commercial mortgage-backed
489

 
25

 
94

 
420

Residential mortgage-backed(2)
552

 
35

 

 
587

Preferred stock
543

 
61

 
2

 
602

State & municipal
437

 
98

 

 
535

Foreign governments
363

 
42

 
9

 
396

Asset-backed securities
56

 
11

 
1

 
66

Total
$
34,651

 
$
3,266

 
$
172

 
$
37,745

At December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finance
$
4,680

 
$
188

 
$
18

 
$
4,850

Manufacturing
5,837

 
270

 
110

 
5,997

Utilities
3,235

 
200

 
44

 
3,391

Services
2,942

 
126

 
35

 
3,033

Energy
1,728

 
46

 
96

 
1,678

Retail and wholesale
1,069

 
38

 
10

 
1,097

Transportation
819

 
49

 
12

 
856

Other
74

 
2

 
1

 
75

Total corporate securities
20,384

 
919

 
326

 
20,977

U.S. government and agency
8,783

 
279

 
305

 
8,757

Commercial mortgage-backed
591

 
29

 
87

 
533

Residential mortgage-backed(2)
607

 
32

 

 
639

Preferred stock
592

 
57

 
2

 
647

State & municipal
437

 
68

 
1

 
504

Foreign governments
397

 
36

 
17

 
416

Asset-backed securities
68

 
10

 
1

 
77

Total
$
31,859

 
$
1,430

 
$
739

 
$
32,550

 
(1)
Investment data has been classified based on standard industry categorizations for domestic public holdings and similar classifications by industry for all other holdings.
(2)
Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.


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Fixed Maturities Credit Quality
The Securities Valuation Office (“SVO”) of the NAIC evaluates the investments of insurers for regulatory reporting purposes and assigns fixed maturity securities to one of six categories (“NAIC Designations”). NAIC Designations of “1” or “2” include fixed maturities considered investment grade, which include securities rated Baa3 or higher by Moody’s or BBB- or higher by Standard & Poor’s. NAIC Designations of “3” through “6” are referred to as below investment grade, which include securities rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s and BB+ or lower by Standard & Poor’s. As a result of time lags between the funding of investments and the completion of the SVO filing process, the fixed maturity portfolio generally includes securities that have not yet been rated by the SVO as of each balance sheet date. Pending receipt of SVO ratings, the categorization of these securities by NAIC Designation is based on the expected ratings indicated by internal analysis.
The amortized cost of the General Accounts’ public and private below investment grade fixed maturities totaled $1.1 billion, or 3.1%, of the total fixed maturities at June 30, 2016 and $895 million, or 2.8%, of the total fixed maturities at December 31, 2015. Gross unrealized losses on public and private fixed maturities decreased from $739 million at December 31, 2015 to $172 million at June 30, 2016. Below investment grade fixed maturities represented 32.0% and 12.4% of the gross unrealized losses at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. For public, private and corporate fixed maturity categories, gross unrealized gains were lower and gross unrealized losses were higher in second quarter 2016 than in the prior period.

Public Fixed Maturities Credit Quality. The following table sets forth the General Accounts’ public fixed maturities portfolios by NAIC rating at the dates indicated.
Public Fixed Maturities
 
 
NAIC Designation(1)
Rating Agency  Equivalent
 
Amortized   Costs
 
Gross Unrealized Gains
 
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
 
 
 
 
 
(In Millions)
 
At June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
Aaa, Aa, A
 
$
19,378

 
$
2,206

 
$
42

 
$
21,542

 
2
Baa
 
6,730

 
572

 
15

 
7,287

 
 
Investment grade
 
26,108

 
2,778

 
57

 
28,829

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 
3
Ba
 
324

 
6

 
2

 
328

 
4
B
 
176

 

 
3

 
173

 
5
C and lower
 
15

 

 
5

 
10

 
6
In or near default
 
2

 

 

 
2

 
 
Below investment grade
 
517

 
6

 
10

 
513

 
Total Public Fixed Maturities
 
$
26,625

 
$
2,784

 
$
67

 
$
29,342

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
Aaa, Aa, A
 
$
16,263

 
$
789

 
$
360

 
$
16,692

 
2
Baa
 
6,831

 
332

 
137

 
7,026

 
 
Investment grade
 
23,094

 
1,121

 
497

 
23,718

 
3
Ba
 
354

 
4

 
29

 
329

 
4
B
 
101

 

 
7

 
94

 
5
C and lower
 
28

 

 
2

 
26

 
6
In or near default
 
3

 

 

 
3

 
 
Below investment grade
 
486

 
4

 
38

 
452

 
Total Public Fixed Maturities
 
$
23,580

 
$
1,125

 
$
535

 
$
24,170

 

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(1)
At June 30, 2016 and 2015, no securities had been categorized based on expected NAIC Designation pending receipt of SVO ratings.

Private Fixed Maturities Credit Quality. The following table sets forth the General Accounts’ private fixed maturities portfolios by NAIC rating at the dates indicated.
Private Fixed Maturities
 
NAIC Designation(1)
 Rating Agency Equivalent
 
Amortized Cost
 
Gross Unrealized Gains
 
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
 Fair Value
 
 
 
(In Millions)
At June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
Aaa, Aa, A
 
$
3,938

 
$
259

 
$
50

 
$
4,147

2
Baa
 
3,545

 
217

 
10

 
3,752

 
Investment grade
 
7,483

 
476

 
60

 
7,899

3
Ba
 
366

 
3

 
16

 
353

4
B
 
72

 

 
1

 
71

5
C and lower
 
80

 

 
17

 
63

6
In or near default
 
25

 
3

 
11

 
17

 
Below investment grade
 
543

 
6

 
45

 
504

Total Private Fixed Maturities
 
$
8,026

 
$
482

 
$
105

 
$
8,403

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At December 31, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
Aaa, Aa, A
 
$
4,167

 
$
180

 
$
47

 
$
4,300

2
Baa
 
3,703

 
120

 
103

 
3,720

 
Investment grade
 
7,870

 
300

 
150

 
8,020

3
Ba
 
243

 
1

 
7

 
237

4
B
 
46

 

 
7

 
39

5
C and lower
 
76

 

 
17

 
59

6
In or near default
 
44

 
4

 
23

 
25

 
Below investment grade
 
409

 
5

 
54

 
360

Total Private Fixed Maturities
 
 
$
8,279

 
$
305

 
$
204

 
$
8,380

 
(1)
Includes, as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, 32 securities with amortized cost of $396 million (fair value, $410 million) and 19 securities with amortized cost of $313 million (fair value, $307 million) that have been categorized based on expected NAIC designation pending receipt of SVO ratings.

Corporate Fixed Maturities Credit Quality. The following table sets forth the General Accounts’ public and private holdings of corporate fixed maturities by NAIC rating at the dates indicated.

101


Corporate Fixed Maturities
 
NAIC Designation(1)
Rating Agency  Equivalent
 
Amortized Cost
 
Gross Unrealized Gains
 
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
 
 
 
(In Millions)
At June 30, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
Aaa, Aa, A
 
$
9,813

 
$
782

 
$
3

 
$
10,592

2
Baa
 
9,653

 
725

 
21

 
10,357

 
Investment grade
 
19,466

 
1,507

 
24

 
20,949

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


3
Ba
 
690

 
8

 
16

 
682

4
B
 
197

 
1

 
1

 
197

5
C and lower
 
24

 

 

 
24

6
In or near default
 
1

 
3

 

 
4

 
Below investment grade
 
912

 
12

 
17

 
907

Total Corporate Fixed Maturities
 
$
20,378

 
$
1,519

 
$
41

 
$
21,856

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At December 31, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
Aaa, Aa, A
 
$
9,800

 
$
514

 
$
54

 
$
10,260

2
Baa
 
9,911

 
396

 
232

 
10,075

 
Investment grade
 
19,711

 
910

 
286

 
20,335

3
Ba
 
568

 
6

 
36

 
538

4
B
 
75

 

 
3

 
72

5
C and lower
 
29

 

 
1

 
28

6
In or near default
 
1

 
3

 

 
4

 
Below investment grade
 
673

 
9

 
40

 
642

Total Corporate Fixed Maturities
 
$
20,384

 
$
919

 
$
326

 
$
20,977

(1)
Includes, as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, 30 securities with amortized cost of $394 million (fair value, $408 million) and 18 securities with amortized cost of $312 million (fair value, $306 million) that have been categorized based on expected NAIC designation pending receipt of SVO ratings.
Asset-backed Securities
At June 30, 2016, the amortized cost and fair value of asset backed securities held were $56 million and $66 million, respectively; at December 31, 2015, those amounts were $68 million and $77 million, respectively. At June 30, 2016, the amortized cost and fair value of asset backed securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages were $7 million and $6 million, respectively. At that same date, the amortized cost and fair value of asset backed securities collateralized by non-sub-prime mortgages were $10 million and $9 million, respectively.

Commercial Mortgage-backed Securities
The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of the Insurance Group’s commercial mortgage-backed securities at the dates indicated by credit quality and by year of issuance (vintage).

102


Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities
June 30, 2016
 
 
Moody’s Agency Rating
 
Total
 
Total at December 31, 2015
Vintage
Aaa
 
Aa
 
A
 
Baa
 
Ba  and
Below
 
 
(In Millions)
At amortized cost:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2004 and Prior Years
$
9

 
$
11

 
$
1

 
$
8

 
$
42

 
$
71

 
$
103

2005
1

 
2

 

 
24

 
127

 
154

 
217

2006

 

 

 
17

 
175

 
192

 
196

2007

 

 

 

 
72

 
72

 
75

Total CMBS
$
10

 
$
13

 
$
1

 
$
49

 
$
416

 
$
489

 
$
591

At fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2004 and Prior Years
$
10

 
$
11

 
$
1

 
$
8

 
$
31

 
$
61

 
$
96

2005
1

 
2

 

 
25

 
125

 
153

 
212

2006

 

 

 
17

 
127

 
144

 
157

2007

 

 

 

 
62

 
62

 
68

Total CMBS
$
11

 
$
13

 
$
1

 
$
50

 
$
345

 
$
420

 
$
533

Mortgages
Investment Mix
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, approximately 15.2% and 14.7%, respectively, of GAIA were in commercial and agricultural mortgage loans. The table below shows the composition of the commercial and agricultural mortgage loan portfolio, before the loss allowance, as of the dates indicated. A portion of the funds used to originate new mortgage loans in 2016 were received from the issuance of approximately $994 million of long term funding agreements to the FHLBNY.
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
(In Millions)    
Commercial mortgage loans
$
6,038

 
$
5,230

Agricultural mortgage loans
2,424

 
2,330

Total Mortgage Loans
$
8,462

 
$
7,560


The investment strategy for the mortgage loan portfolio emphasizes diversification by property type and geographic location with a primary focus on asset quality. The tables below show the breakdown of the amortized cost of the General Accounts investments in mortgage loans by geographic region and property type as of the dates indicated.

103


Mortgage Loans by Region and Property Type
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
Amortized  Cost
 
% of Total
 
Amortized  Cost
 
% of Total
 
(Dollars in Millions)
By Region:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Regions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pacific
$
2,415

 
28.5
%
 
$
2,014

 
26.6
%
Middle Atlantic
2,162

 
25.5

 
2,101

 
27.8

South Atlantic
1,061

 
12.5

 
879

 
11.6

West North Central
665

 
7.9

 
603

 
8.0

Mountain
615

 
7.3

 
567

 
7.5

East North Central
521

 
6.2

 
535

 
7.1

West South Central
397

 
4.7

 
413

 
5.5

New England
323

 
3.8

 
272

 
3.6

East South Central
303

 
3.6

 
176

 
2.3

Total Mortgage Loans
$
8,462

 
100.0
%
 
$
7,560

 
100.0
%
By Property Type:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Office buildings
$
2,452

 
29.0
%
 
$
2,251

 
29.8
%
Agricultural properties
2,424

 
28.6

 
2,330

 
30.8

Apartment complexes
2,146

 
25.4

 
1,622

 
21.5

Retail stores
489

 
5.8

 
471

 
6.2

Industrial buildings
469

 
5.5

 
377

 
5.0

Hospitality
358

 
4.2

 
400

 
5.3

Other
124

 
1.5

 
109

 
1.4

Total Mortgage Loans
$
8,462

 
100.0
%
 
$
7,560

 
100.0
%
At June 30, 2016, the General Account investments in commercial mortgage loans had a weighted average loan-to-value ratio of 60% while the agricultural mortgage loans weighted average loan-to-value ratio was 46%.

The following table provides information relating to the loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios for commercial and agricultural mortgage loans as of June 30, 2016. The values used in these ratio calculations were developed as part of the periodic review of the commercial and agricultural mortgage loan portfolio, which includes an evaluation of the underlying collateral value.
Mortgage Loans by Loan-to-Value and Debt Service Coverage Ratios
June 30, 2016
 
 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio(1)
 
 
Loan-to-Value Ratio
Greater
than  2.0x
 
1.8x  to
2.0x
 
1.5x  to
1.8x
 
1.2x  to
1.5x
 
1.0x  to
1.2x
 
Less
than
1.0x
 
Total
Mortgage
Loans
 
(In Millions)
0% - 50%
$
891

 
$
271

 
$
345

 
$
479

 
$
296

 
$
47

 
$
2,329

50% - 70%
2,409

 
400

 
815

 
1,330

 
307

 
41

 
5,302

70% - 90%
144

 
61

 
279

 
136

 
88

 
46

 
754

90% plus
33

 

 
28

 
16

 

 

 
77

Total Commercial and Agricultural Mortgage Loans
$
3,477

 
$
732

 
$
1,467

 
$
1,961

 
$
691

 
$
134

 
$
8,462

 
(1)
The debt service coverage ratio is calculated using actual results from property operations.

104


The tables below show the breakdown of the commercial and agricultural mortgage loans by year of origination at June 30, 2016.
Mortgage Loans by Year of Origination
 
 
June 30, 2016
Year of Origination
Amortized Cost
 
% of Total
 
(Dollars In Millions)
2016
$
1,618

 
19.1
%
2015
1,375

 
16.3
%
2014
1,334

 
15.8
%
2013
1,684

 
19.9
%
2012
1,035

 
12.2
%
2011 and prior
1,416

 
16.7
%
Total Mortgage Loans
$
8,462

 
100.0
%

At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, $7 million and $32 million of mortgage loans were classified as problem loans while $61 million and $63 million were classified as potential problem loans and $16 million and $16 million were classified as restructured loans.

The TDR mortgage loan shown in the table below has been modified four times since 2011.  The modifications were to extend the maturity from its original maturity of November 5, 2014 to December 5, 2016 and to extend interest only payments through maturity.  In November 2015, the recorded investment was reduced by $45 million in conjunction with the sale of the majority of the underlying collateral and $32 million from a charge-off.  The remaining $16 million mortgage loan balance reflects the value of the remaining underlying collateral and cash held in escrow, supporting the mortgage loan.  Since the fair market value of the underlying real estate and cash held in escrow collateral is the primary factor in determining the allowance for credit losses, modifications of loan terms typically have no direct impact on the allowance for credit losses, and therefore, no impact on the financial statements.
Troubled Debt Restructuring - Modifications
June 30, 2016
 
 
Number of Loans
 
Outstanding Recorded Investment
 
 
Pre-Modification
 
Post - Modification
 
 
 
(In Millions)
Commercial mortgage loans
1

 
16

 
16

There were no default payments on the above loan during the first six months of 2016.

105


Valuation allowances for the commercial mortgage loan portfolio were related to loan specific reserves. The following table sets forth the change in valuation allowances for the commercial mortgage loan portfolio as of the dates indicated. There were no valuation allowances for agricultural mortgages at June 30, 2016 and 2015.
 
 
2016
 
2015
Allowance for credit losses:
(In Millions)
Beginning Balance, January 1,
$
6

 
$
37

Charge-offs

 
(1
)
Recoveries

 

Provision
1

 

Ending Balance, June 30,
$
7

 
$
36

Ending Balance, June 30,:
 
 
 
Individually Evaluated for Impairment
$
7

 
$
36

Other Equity Investments
At June 30, 2016, private equity partnerships, hedge funds and real-estate related partnerships were 89.4% of total other equity investments. These interests, which represent 2.1% of GAIA, consist of a diversified portfolio of LBO, mezzanine, venture capital and other alternative limited partnerships, diversified by sponsor, fund and vintage year. The portfolio is actively managed to control risk and generate investment returns over the long term. Portfolio returns are sensitive to overall market developments. The General Account had $0.1 million of exposure (less than 0.1% of other equity investments) to private equity partnerships denominated in British currency at June 30, 2016.
Other Equity Investments - Classifications
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
(In Millions)
Common stock
$
141

 
$
105

Joint ventures and limited partnerships:
 
 
 
Private equity
844

 
884

Hedge funds
244

 
254

Real estate related
102

 
106

Total Other Equity Investments
$
1,331

 
$
1,349


Derivatives
The Company uses derivatives as part of its overall asset/liability risk management primarily to reduce exposures to equity market and interest rate risks. Derivative hedging strategies are designed to reduce these risks from an economic perspective and are all executed within the framework of a “Derivative Use Plan” approved by the NYDFS. Operation of these hedging programs is based on models involving numerous estimates and assumptions, including, among others, mortality, lapse, surrender and withdrawal rates, election rates, fund performance, market volatility and interest rates. A wide range of derivative contracts are used in these hedging programs, including exchange traded equity, currency and interest rate futures contracts, total return and/or other equity swaps, interest rate swap and floor contracts, swaptions, variance swaps, equity options as well as repo transactions, that collectively are managed in an effort to reduce the economic impact of unfavorable changes in guaranteed benefits’ exposures attributable to movements in capital markets.
Derivatives utilized to hedge exposure to Variable Annuities with Guarantee Features
The Company has issued and continues to offer certain variable annuity products with GMDB, GMIB and GIB features. The Company had previously issued certain variable annuity products with GWBL and Other Features. The risk associated with the

106


GMDB feature is that under-performance of the financial markets could result in GMDB benefits, in the event of death, being higher than what accumulated policyholders’ account balances would support. The risk associated with the GMIB feature is that under-performance of the financial markets could result in the present value of GMIB benefits, in the event of annuitization, being higher than what accumulated policyholders’ account balances would support, taking into account the relationship between current annuity purchase rates and the GMIB guaranteed annuity purchase rates. The risk associated with the GIB and GWBL and Other Features is that under-performance of the financial markets could result in the GIB and GWBL and Other Features’ benefits being higher than what accumulated policyholders’ account balances would support.
For GMDB, GMIB, GIB and GWBL and Other Features, the Company retains certain risks including basis, credit spread and some volatility risk and risk associated with actual versus expected assumptions for mortality, lapse and surrender, withdrawal and contractholder election rates, among other things. The derivative contracts are managed to correlate with changes in the value of the GMDB, GMIB, GIB and GWBL and Other Features that result from financial markets movements. A portion of exposure to realized equity volatility is hedged using equity options and variance swaps and a portion of exposure to credit risk is hedged using total return swaps on fixed income indices. Additionally, the Company is party to total return swaps for which the reference U.S. Treasury securities are contemporaneously purchased from the market and sold to the swap counterparty. As these transactions result in a transfer of control of the U.S. Treasury securities to the swap counterparty, the Company derecognizes these securities with consequent gain or loss from the sale. The Company has also purchased reinsurance contracts to mitigate the risks associated with GMDB features and the impact of potential market fluctuations on future policyholder elections of GMIB features contained in certain annuity contracts issued by the Company.
The Company has in place a hedge program utilizing interest rate swaps to partially protect the overall profitability of future variable annuity sales against declining interest rates.
Derivatives utilized to hedge crediting rate exposure on SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL products/investment options
The Company hedges crediting rates in the SCS variable annuity, SIO in the EQUI-VEST® variable annuity series, MSO in the variable life insurance products and IUL insurance products. These products permit the contract owner to participate in the performance of an index, ETF or commodity price movement up to a cap for a set period of time. They also contain a protection feature, in which the Company will absorb, up to a certain percentage, the loss of value in an index, ETF or commodity price, which varies by product segment.
In order to support the returns associated with these features, the Company enters into derivative contracts whose payouts, in combination with fixed income investments, emulate those of the index, ETF or commodity price, subject to caps and buffers.
Derivatives utilized to hedge risks associated with interest margins on Interest Sensitive Life and Annuity Contracts
Margins or “spreads” on interest-sensitive life insurance and annuity contracts are affected by interest rate fluctuations as the yield on portfolio investments, primarily fixed maturities, is intended to support required payments under these contracts, including interest rates credited to their policy and contract holders. From time to time the Company uses interest rate swaptions and other instruments to reduce the risk associated with minimum guarantees on these interest-sensitive contracts.

Derivatives utilized to hedge equity market risks associated with the General Account’s seed money investments in Separate Accounts, retail mutual funds and Separate Account fee revenue fluctuations
The Company’s General Account seed money investments in Separate Account equity funds and retail mutual funds exposes the Company to market risk, including equity market risk which is partially hedged through equity-index futures contracts to minimize such risk.
Periodically the Company enters into futures on equity indices to mitigate the impact on net earnings from Separate Account fee revenue fluctuations due to movements in the equity markets. These positions partially cover fees expected to be earned through the year from the Company’s Separate Account products.
Derivatives utilized for General Account Investment Portfolio
Beginning in the second quarter of 2013, the Company implemented a strategy in its General Account investment portfolio to replicate the credit exposure of fixed maturity securities otherwise permissible under its investment guidelines through the sale of CDSs. Under the terms of these swaps, the Company receives quarterly fixed premiums that, together with any initial amount

107


paid or received at trade inception, replicate the credit spread otherwise currently obtainable by purchasing the referenced entity’s bonds of similar maturity. These credit derivatives have remaining terms of five years or less and are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value, including the yield component that emerges from initial amounts paid or received, reported in Net investment income (loss). The Company manages its credit exposure taking into consideration both cash and derivatives based positions and selects the reference entities in its replicated credit exposures in a manner consistent with its selection of fixed maturities. In addition, the Company has transacted the sale of CDSs exclusively in single name reference entities of investment grade credit quality and with counterparties subject to collateral posting requirements. If there is an event of default by the reference entity or other such credit event as defined under the terms of the swap contract, the Company is obligated to perform under the credit derivative and, at the counterparty’s option, either pay the referenced amount of the contract less an auction-determined recovery amount or pay the referenced amount of the contract and receive in return the defaulted or similar security of the reference entity for recovery by sale at the contract settlement auction. To date, there have been no events of default or circumstances indicative of a deterioration in the credit quality of the named referenced entities to require or suggest that the Company will have to perform under these CDSs. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these credit derivatives is limited to the par value of the referenced securities which is the dollar-equivalent of the derivative notional amount. The SNAC under which the Company executes these CDS sales transactions does not contain recourse provisions for recovery of amounts paid under the credit derivative.
Periodically, the Company purchases TIPS and other sovereign inflation bonds as General Account investments and enters into asset swaps, to result in payment of the variable principal at maturity and semi-annual coupons of the bonds to the swap counterparty (pay variable) in return for fixed amounts (receive fixed). These asset swaps, when considered in combination with the bonds, together result in a net position that is intended to replicate a dollar-denominated fixed-coupon cash bond with a yield higher than a term-equivalent U.S. Treasury bond.
The Company implemented a strategy to hedge a portion of the credit exposure in its General Account investment portfolio by buying protection through a swap. These are swaps on the “super senior tranche” of the investment grade CDX index. Under the terms of these swaps, the Company pays quarterly fixed premiums that, together with any initial amount paid or received at trade inception, serve as premiums paid to hedge the risk arising from multiple defaults of bonds referenced in the CDX index. These credit derivatives have terms of five years or less and are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value, including the yield component that emerges from initial amounts paid or received, reported in Net investment income (loss) from derivative instruments.


108


The tables below present quantitative disclosures about the Company’s derivative instruments, including those embedded in other contracts required to be accounted for as derivative instruments.
Derivative Instruments by Category
 
At June 30, 2016
 
Gains (Losses) Reported in Net Earnings (Loss) Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
Notional
Amount  
 
Asset
Derivatives  
 
Liability
Derivatives  
 
 
(In Millions)
Freestanding derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Futures
$
6,552

 
$

 
$

 
$
(267
)
Swaps
2,492

 
11

 
40

 
(32
)
Options
8,879

 
1,302

 
798

 
134

Interest rate contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floors
1,500

 
38

 

 
6

Swaps
16,953

 
1,053

 
27

 
1,576

Futures
7,316

 

 

 
(57
)
Swaptions

 

 

 

Credit contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps
2,712

 
16

 
26

 
1

Other freestanding contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency contracts
149

 

 
7

 
(6
)
Net investment income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,355

Embedded derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GMIB reinsurance contracts

 
13,311

 

 
2,741

GIB and GWBL and Other Features(2)

 

 
330

 
146

SCS, SIO MSO and IUL indexed features(3)

 

 
410

 
(131
)
Total
$
46,553

 
$
15,731

 
$
1,638

 
$
4,111

 
(1)
Reported in Other invested assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
(2)
Reported in Future policy benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
(3)
SCS and SIO indexed features are reported in Policyholders’ account balances; MSO and IUL indexed features are reported in Future policyholders’ benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.


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Derivative Instruments by Category
 
 
At December 31, 2015
 
Gains (Losses) Reported in Net Earnings (Loss)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
Notional
Amount  
 
Asset
Derivatives  
 
Liability
Derivatives  
 
 
(In Millions)
Freestanding derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Futures
$
6,929

 
$

 
$

 
$
(198
)
Swaps
1,213

 
7

 
20

 
(73
)
Options
7,358

 
1,042

 
653

 
103

Interest rate contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floors
1,800

 
61

 

 
11

Swaps
13,653

 
348

 
104

 
(376
)
Futures
8,685

 

 


 
(165
)
Swaptions

 

 


 
118

Credit contracts:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps
2,412

 
14

 
37

 
5

Net investment income
 
 
 
 
 
 
(575
)
Embedded derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GMIB reinsurance contracts

 
10,570

 

 
(760
)
GWBL and Other Features(2)

 

 
184

 
(19
)
SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL indexed features(3)

 

 
310

 
(125
)
Total
$
42,050

 
$
12,042

 
$
1,308

 
$
(1,479
)
 
(1)
Reported in Other invested assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
(2)
Reported in Future policy benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
(3)
SCS and SIO indexed features are reported in Policyholders’ account balances; MSO and IUL indexed features are reported in Future policyholders’ benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
Since June 2013, various new derivative regulations under Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act have become effective, requiring financial entities, including U.S. life insurers, to clear certain types of newly executed OTC derivatives with central clearing houses, and to post larger sums of higher quality collateral, among other provisions. Counterparties subject to these regulations are required to post initial margin to the clearing house as well as variation margin to cover any daily negative mark-to-market movements in the value of OTC derivatives covered by these regulations. Centrally cleared OTC derivatives, protected by initial margin requirements and higher quality collateral are expected to reduce the risk of loss in the event of counterparty default. The Company has counterparty exposure to the clearing house and its clearing broker for futures and cleared OTC derivative contracts. Further regulations are expected to increase the amount and quality of collateral required to be posted for non-cleared OTC derivatives by requiring initial and cash-only variation margin for uncleared swaps. Additional regulations are being and will be proposed that are expected to reduce various risks, including the risk of a “run on the bank” scenario in the event of the insolvency of a dealer.

Realized Investment Gains (Losses)
Realized investment gains (losses) are generated from numerous sources, including the sale of fixed maturity securities, equity securities, investments in limited partnerships and other types of investments, as well as adjustments to the cost basis of investments for OTTI. Realized investment gains (losses) are also generated from prepayment premiums received on private fixed maturity securities, recoveries of principal on previously impaired securities, provisions for losses on commercial mortgage and other loans,

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fair value changes on commercial mortgage loans carried at fair value, and fair value changes on embedded derivatives and free-standing derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment.
The following table sets forth “Realized investment gains (losses), net,” for the periods indicated:
Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net

 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Fixed maturities
$
25

 
$
(18
)
 
$
24

 
$
(16
)
Other equity investments

 

 
(2
)
 

Other

 
1

 
(1
)
 
1

Total
$
25

 
$
(17
)
 
$
21

 
$
(15
)
The following table further describes realized gains (losses), net for Fixed maturities:
Fixed Maturities
Realized Investment Gains (Losses)
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015

 
(In Millions)
Gross realized investment gains:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross gains on sales and maturities
$
69

 
$
4

 
$
112

 
$
14

Other

 

 

 

Total gross realized investment gains
69

 
4

 
112

 
14

Gross realized investment losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other-than-temporary impairments recognized in earnings (loss)
(8
)
 
(16
)
 
(25
)
 
(18
)
Gross losses on sales and maturities
(36
)
 
(6
)
 
(63
)
 
(12
)
Total gross realized investment losses
(44
)
 
(22
)
 
(88
)
 
(30
)
Total
$
25

 
$
(18
)
 
$
24

 
$
(16
)


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The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the composition of other-than-temporary impairments recorded in Earnings (loss) by asset type.
Other-Than-Temporary Impairments Recorded in Earnings (Loss)
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In Millions)
Fixed Maturities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public fixed maturities
$

 
$
(5
)
 
$
(17
)
 
$
(7
)
Private fixed maturities
(8
)
 
(11
)
 
(8
)
 
(11
)
Total fixed maturities securities
(8
)
 
(16
)
 
(25
)
 
(18
)
Equity securities

 

 

 

Total
$
(8
)
 
$
(16
)
 
$
(25
)
 
$
(18
)
For the second quarters of 2016 and 2015, OTTI on fixed maturities recorded in net earnings (loss) were due to credit events or adverse conditions of the respective issuer. In these situations, management believes such circumstances have caused, or will lead to, a deficiency in the contractual cash flows related to the investment. The amount of the impairment recorded in earnings (loss) is the difference between the amortized cost of the debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit in the debt security prior to impairment.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The following discussion supplements that found in the 2015 Form 10-K’s MD&A section under the caption “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
Overview
The Company conducts operations in two business segments: the Insurance and Investment Management segments. The liquidity and capital resource needs of each of these segments are managed independently.
Analysis of Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Cash and cash equivalents of $3.5 billion at June 30, 2016 increased $399 million from $3.1 billion at December 31, 2015.
Net cash used in operating activities was $346 million in the first six months of 2016, $318 million higher than the $28 million net cash used in operating activities in the first six months of 2015. Cash flows from operating activities include such sources as premiums, investment management and advisory fees and investment income offset by such uses as life insurance benefit payments, policyholder dividends, compensation payments, other cash expenditures and tax payments.
Net cash used in investing activities was $3.3 billion in the first six months of 2016; $1.6 billion higher than the $1.6 billion net cash used in investing activities in the first six months of 2015. The increase was principally due to $851 million higher net purchase of investments and $739 million higher cash inflows from cash settlement related to derivatives, partially offset by a $383 million decrease in loans to affiliates and $56 million higher net purchases of short-term investments in the first six months of 2016 as compared to the first six months of 2015.
Cash flows provided by financing activities were $4.0 billion in the first six months of 2016; $2.5 billion higher than the $1.6 billion net cash provided by financing activities in the first six months of 2015. The impact of the net deposits to policyholders’ account balances was $3.9 billion and $1.8 billion in the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively. Change in collateralized pledged assets and liabilities increased $903 million in the first six months of 2016, compared to a decrease of $461 million in the first six months of 2015. During the first six months of 2016, the Company had net cash inflows of $2 million related to repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements compared to cash inflows of $1.0 billion in the first six months of 2015. Change in short term borrowings increased $4 million in the first six months of 2016 compared to a decrease of $34 million in the first

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six months of 2015, which primarily reflect AB’s commercial paper program activity. In the first six months of 2016 and 2015 AXA Equitable paid $500 million and $517 million shareholder cash dividends to AXA Financial respectively.
Insurance Segment

The Insurance segment’s liquidity management uses a centralized funds management process. This centralized process includes the monitoring and control of cash flow associated with policyholder receipts and disbursements and General Account portfolio principal, interest and investment activity, including derivative transactions. Funds are managed through a banking system designed to reduce float and maximize funds availability. Information regarding liquidity needs and availability is used to produce forecasts of available funds and cash flow. Significant market volatility can affect daily cash requirements due to the settlement and collateral calls of derivative transactions.

In addition to gathering and analyzing information on funding needs, the Insurance segment has a centralized process for both investing short-term cash and borrowing funds to meet cash needs. In general, the short-term investment positions have a maturity profile of 1-7 days with considerable flexibility as to availability.

In managing the liquidity of the Insurance segment’s business, management also considers the risk of policyholder and contractholder withdrawals of funds earlier than assumed when selecting assets to support these contractual obligations. Surrender charges and other contract provisions are used to mitigate the extent, timing and profitability impact of withdrawals of funds by customers from annuity contracts and deposit liabilities. The following table sets forth withdrawal characteristics of the Insurance segment’s General Account annuity reserves and deposit liabilities (based on statutory liability values) as of the dates indicated.
General Accounts Annuity Reserves and Deposit Liabilities
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
Amount
 
% of Total
 
Amount
 
% of Total
 
(Dollars in Millions)
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal provisions
$
3,271

 
15.6
%
 
$
2,819

 
14.1
%
Subject to discretionary withdrawal, with adjustment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With market value adjustment
29

 
0.1
%
 
31

 
0.2
%
At contract value, less surrender charge of 5% or more
1,312

 
6.2
%
 
1,399

 
7.0
%
Subtotal
1,341

 
6.3
%
 
1,430

 
7.2
%
Subject to discretionary withdrawal at contract value with no surrender charge or surrender charge of less than 5%
16,428

 
78.1
%
 
15,793

 
78.7
%
Total Annuity Reserves And Deposit Liabilities
$
21,040

 
100.0
%
 
$
20,042

 
100.0
%
Liquidity Requirements. The Insurance segment’s liquidity requirements principally relate to the liabilities associated with its various life insurance, annuity and funding agreements; the active management of various economic hedging programs; shareholder dividends; and operating expenses, including debt service. The Insurance segment’s liabilities include, among other things, the payment of benefits under life insurance, annuity and funding agreements as well as cash payments in connection with policy surrenders, withdrawals and loans.
The Insurance segment’s liquidity needs are affected by: fluctuations in mortality; other benefit payments; policyholder directed transfers from General Account to Separate Account investment options; and the level of surrenders and withdrawals previously discussed in “Results of Continuing Operations by Segment - Insurance,” as well as by cash settlements of its derivative hedging programs, debt service requirements and dividends to its shareholder.
Sources of Liquidity. The principal sources of the Insurance segment’s cash flows are premiums, deposits and charges on policies and contracts including funding agreements, investment income, repayments of principal and sales proceeds from its fixed maturity portfolios, sales of other General Account Investment Assets, borrowings from third parties and affiliates, repurchase agreements and dividends and distributions from subsidiaries.

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The Insurance segment’s primary source of short-term liquidity to support its insurance operations is a pool of liquid, high quality short-term instruments structured to provide liquidity in excess of the expected cash requirements. In addition, a substantial portfolio of public bonds including U.S. Treasury and agency securities and other investment grade fixed maturities is available to meet the Insurance segment’s liquidity needs. Other liquidity sources include AXA Equitable’s credit facility provided by the FHLBNY and dividends and distributions from its subsidiaries.
Off-Balance Sheet Transactions. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Insurance segment was not a party to any off-balance sheet transactions other than those guarantees and commitments described in Notes 10 and 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2015 Form 10-K.
Funding and repurchase agreements. As a member of the FHLBNY, AXA Equitable has access to collateralized borrowings.  AXA Equitable may also issue funding agreements to the FHLBNY.  Both the collateralized borrowings and funding agreements would require AXA Equitable to pledge qualified mortgage-backed assets and/or government securities as collateral.  AXA Equitable’s capacity with the FHLBNY is $4.0 billion. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, AXA Equitable had $1.5 billion and $500 million, respectfully, of outstanding funding agreements with the FHLBNY.  During the second quarter of 2016, AXA Equitable issued an additional $1.0 billion of funding agreements to the FHLBNY in order to increase investments in commercial mortgage loans. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the total outstanding balance of repurchase agreements was $2.5 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively.  The Company utilized these funding and repurchase agreements for cash management, asset liability management and spread lending purposes.
Affiliated loans. In June 2009, AXA Equitable sold real estate property valued at $1.1 billion to a non-insurance subsidiary of AXA Financial in exchange for $700 million in cash and $400 million in 8.0% ten year term mortgage notes on the property reported in Loans to affiliates in the consolidated balance sheets. In November 2014, this loan was refinanced and a new $382 million, seven year term loan with an interest rate of 4.0% was issued. In January 2016, the property was sold and a portion of the proceeds were used to repay the $382 million term loan outstanding and a $65 million prepayment penalty.
Guarantees and Other Commitments. AXA Equitable had approximately $18 million of undrawn letters of credit issued in favor of third party beneficiaries primarily related to reinsurance as well as $600 million and $1.2 billion of commitments under equity financing arrangements to certain limited partnership and existing mortgage loan agreements, respectively, at June 30, 2016. For further information on guarantees and commitments, see the “Supplementary Information” section in Item 7 – Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the 2015 Form 10-K.
Statutory Regulation, Capital and Dividends. AXA Equitable is subject to the regulatory capital requirements of New York domicile, which are designed to monitor capital adequacy. The level of an insurer’s required capital is impacted by many factors including, but not limited to, business mix, product design, sales volume, invested assets, liabilities, reserves and movements in the capital markets, including interest rates and equity markets. At June 30, 2016, the total adjusted capital was in excess of its regulatory capital requirements and management believes that AXA Equitable has (or has the ability to meet) the necessary capital resources to support its business.
AXA Equitable currently reinsures to AXA Arizona a 100% quota share of all liabilities for GMDB/GMIB riders on the Accumulator® products issued on or after January 1, 2006 and in-force on September 30, 2008. AXA Arizona also reinsures a 90% quota share of level premium term insurance issued by AXA Equitable on or after March 1, 2003 through December 31, 2008 and lapse protection riders under UL insurance policies issued by AXA Equitable on or after June 1, 2003 through June 30, 2007. The reinsurance arrangements with AXA Arizona provide important capital management benefits to AXA Equitable. AXA Equitable receives statutory reserve credits for reinsurance treaties with AXA Arizona to the extent AXA Arizona holds assets in an irrevocable trust ($10.5 billion at June 30, 2016) and/or letters of credit ($3.2 billion at June 30, 2016). These letters of credit are guaranteed by AXA. Under the reinsurance contracts, AXA Arizona is required to transfer assets into and is permitted to transfer assets from the Trust under certain circumstances. The level of statutory reserves held by AXA Arizona fluctuate based on market movements, mortality experience and policyholder behavior. Increasing reserve requirements may necessitate that additional assets be placed in trust and/or securing additional letters of credit, which could adversely impact AXA Arizona’s liquidity.
AXA Equitable monitors its regulatory capital requirements on an ongoing basis taking into account the prevailing conditions in the capital markets. Interest rates and/or equity market performance, impact the reserve requirements and capital needed to support the variable annuity guarantee business. While management believes that AXA Equitable currently has the necessary capital to support its business, future capital requirements will depend on future market conditions and regulations and there can be no assurance that sufficient additional required capital could be secured.

114


Several states, including New York, regulate transactions between an insurer and its affiliates under insurance holding company acts. These acts contain certain reporting requirements and restrictions on provision of services and on transactions, such as intercompany service agreements, asset transfers, reinsurance, loans and shareholder dividend payments by insurers. Depending on their size, such transactions and payments may be subject to prior notice to, or approval by, the insurance department of the applicable state.
AXA Equitable is restricted as to the amounts it may pay as dividends to AXA Financial. Under New York Insurance law, a domestic life insurer may not, without prior approval of the NYDFS, pay a dividend to its shareholders exceeding an amount calculated based on a statutory formula. This formula would permit AXA Equitable to pay shareholder dividends not greater than approximately $1.5 billion during 2016. Payment of dividends exceeding this amount requires the insurer to file a notice of its intent to declare such dividends with the NYDFS, which then has 30 days to disapprove the distribution. In the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively, AXA Equitable paid $500 million and $517 million of shareholder cash dividends to its parent AXA Equitable Financial Services , LLC.
For the second quarter and first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively, AXA Equitable’s statutory net income (loss) totaled $321 million,$435 million, $238 million and $991 million. Statutory surplus, capital stock and Asset Valuation Reserve totaled $6.3 billion and $5.8 billion at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
For additional information, see “Item 1 – Business – Regulation” and “Item 1A – Risk Factors” in the 2015 Form 10-K.
Investment Management Segment
The Investment Management segment’s primary sources of liquidity have been cash flows from AB’s operations, the issuance of commercial paper and proceeds from sales of investments. AB requires financial resources to fund distributions to its General Partner and Unitholders, capital expenditures, repayments of commercial paper and purchases of Holding Units to fund deferred compensation plans.
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, AB had $537 million and $584 million, outstanding under its commercial paper program.

AB has a $1.0 billion committed, unsecured senior revolving credit facility (the “AB Credit Facility”) with a group of commercial banks and other lenders. The AB Credit Facility provides for possible increases in the principal amount by up to an aggregate incremental amount of $250 million, any such increase being subject to the consent of the affected lenders. The AB Credit Facility is available for AB’s and SCB LLC’s business purposes, including the support of AB’s $1.0 billion commercial paper program. Both AB and SCB LLC can draw directly under the AB Credit Facility and AB’s management expects to draw on the AB Credit Facility from time to time. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, AB had no amounts outstanding under the AB Credit Facility.
On October 22, 2014, as part of an amendment and restatement, the maturity date of the AB Credit Facility was extended from January 17, 2017 to October 22, 2019. There were no other significant changes included in the amendment.
As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, AB had no amounts outstanding under the AB Credit Facility. During the first six months of 2016 and 2015, AB did not draw upon the AB Credit Facility.
In addition, SCB LLC has three uncommitted lines of credit with four financial institutions. Two of these lines of credit permit AB to borrow up to an aggregate of approximately $200 million while one line has no stated limit. As of June 30, 2016, SCB LLC had $50 million in bank loans outstanding at a weighted average interest rate of 1.0%. As of December 31, 2015, SCB LLC had no bank loans outstanding.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The Company is involved in a number of ventures and transactions with AXA and certain of its affiliates. See Note 11, included herein and AXA Equitable’s 2015 Form 10-K as well as AB’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 for information on related party transactions.
Contractual Obligations

115


The Company’s consolidated contractual agreements include policyholder obligations, long-term debt, commercial paper, loans from affiliates, employee benefits, operating leases and various funding commitments. See the “Supplementary Information – Contractual Obligations” section in Item 7 – Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in AXA Equitable’s 2015 Form 10-K for additional information.
ADOPTION AND FUTURE ADOPTION OF NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

116


Item 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no material changes to the quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk described in Part II, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” included in the 2015 Form 10-K.

117


Item 4.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2016. Based on that evaluation, management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2016.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2016 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

118


PART II    OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

See Note 10 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein. Except as disclosed in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, there have been no new material legal proceedings and no new material developments in legal proceedings previously reported in the 2015 Form 10-K.
Item 1A.
Risk Factors

The following should be read in conjunction with, and supplements and amends, the risk factors that may affect the Company’s business, consolidated results of operations or financial condition described in “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, of the 2015 Form 10-K. Other than as described in this Item 1A, there have been no other material changes to our risk factors from the risk factors previously disclosed in the 2015 Form 10-K.

Legal and Regulatory Risks

The following updates and replaces the similarly named section of the risk factor entitled “We are heavily regulated, and changes in regulation may reduce our profitability and limit or growth” included in the 2015 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to other sections of such risk factor. These sections include: “Insurance Regulation,” “U.S. Federal Regulation Affecting Insurance,” “Regulation of Broker-Dealers,” “International Regulation,” and “General” within such risk factor included in the 2015 Form 10-K.

ERISA: The DOL issued a final rule on April 6, 2016 that expands the range of activities that would be considered to be fiduciary investment advice under ERISA when our affiliated advisors and our employees provide investment-related information and support to retirement plan sponsors, participants, and IRA holders. Implementation of the rule will be phased in starting in April 2017, although certain aspects of the rule covering existing business will not become effective until January 2018. The potential impacts to our business, operations and customer interactions under the new rule are still being determined as we complete an assessment of the rule, but it is likely to result in adverse changes to the level and type of services we provide, as well as the nature and amount of compensation and fees that we and our affiliated advisors and firms receive for investment-related services to retirement plans and IRAs. While the exact nature and scope of the potential impacts to our business from the new rule are still being assessed, based upon the information currently available to us, management estimates that approximately 25% of total first year premiums and deposits in 2017 could be impacted, with an expected diminishing impact thereafter following mitigating actions. See “Business - Regulation - ERISA Considerations” in the 2015 Form 10-K.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
NONE.
Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities
NONE.
Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures
NONE.
Item 5.    Other Information

Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act

AXA Financial, AXA Equitable and their global subsidiaries had no transactions or activities requiring disclosure under the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act (“Iran Act”), nor were they involved in the AXA Group matters described immediately below.


119


The non-U.S. based subsidiaries of AXA operate in compliance with applicable laws and regulations of the various jurisdictions in which they operate, including applicable international (United Nations and European Union) laws and regulations. While AXA Group companies based and operating outside the United States generally are not subject to U.S. law, as an international group, AXA has in place policies and standards (including the AXA Group International Sanctions Policy) that apply to all AXA Group companies worldwide and often impose requirements that go well beyond local law.

AXA has informed us that AXA Konzern AG, an AXA insurance subsidiary organized under the laws of Germany, provides car insurance to two diplomats based at the Iranian embassy in Berlin, Germany. The total annual premium of these policies is approximately $13,000 and the annual net profit arising from these policies, which is difficult to calculate with precision, is estimated to be $1,950. These policies were underwritten by a broker who specializes in providing insurance coverage for diplomats. Provision of motor vehicle insurance is mandatory in Germany and cannot be canceled until the policies expire.

In addition, AXA has informed us that AXA Insurance Ireland, an AXA insurance subsidiary, provides statutorily required car insurance under three separate policies to the Iranian embassy in Dublin, Ireland. AXA has informed us that compliance with the Declined Cases Agreement of the Irish Government prohibits the cancellation of these policies unless another insurer is willing to assume the coverage. The total annual premium for these policies is approximately $3,750 and the annual net profit arising from these policies, which is difficult to calculate with precision, is estimated to be $563.

Also, AXA has informed us that AXA Sigorta, a subsidiary of AXA organized under the laws of Turkey, provides car insurance coverage for vehicle pools of the Iranian General Consulate and the Iranian embassy in Istanbul, Turkey. Motor liability insurance coverage is mandatory in Turkey and cannot be canceled unilaterally. The total annual premium in respect of these policies is approximately $3,150 and the annual net profit, which is difficult to calculate with precision, is estimated to be $473.

Lastly, AXA has informed us that AXA Ukraine, an AXA insurance subsidiary, provides car insurance for the Attaché of the Embassy of Iran in Ukraine. Motor liability insurance coverage cannot be canceled under Ukrainian law. The total annual premium in respect of this policy is approximately $1,000 and the annual net profit, which is difficult to calculate with precision, is estimated to be $150.

The aggregate annual premiums for the above-referenced insurance policies are approximately $20,900, representing approximately 0.00002% of AXA’s 2015 consolidated revenues, which exceed $100 billion. The related net profit, which is difficult to calculate with precision, is estimated to be $3,136, representing approximately 0.00005% of AXA’s 2015 aggregate net profit.

120


Item 6.    Exhibits 
 
 
 
 
 
Number
 
Description and Method of Filing
 
 
 
 
 
31.1
 
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
 
 
 
31.2
 
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
 
 
 
32.1
 
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
 
 
 
32.2
 
Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
 
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
 
 
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
 
 
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
 
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
 
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
 
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document


121


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
Date: August 10, 2016
AXA EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Anders Malmstrom
 
 
 
Name:
Anders Malmstrom
 
 
 
Title:
Senior Executive Director
 
 
 
 
and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
Date: August 10, 2016
 
 
/s/ Andrea Nitzan
 
 
 
Name:
Andrea Nitzan
 
 
 
Title:
Executive Director
 
 
 
 
Chief Accounting Officer and Controller


122