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Employee and Consultant Equity-Based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock Option Activity
The following table summarizes option activity under all plans during the years ending December 31, 2019, and 2018 and shows the exercisable shares as of December 31, 2019:

Stock Option Activity
 
Number of Shares
Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share
Options Outstanding January 1, 2018
7,328,131

$
10.16

Granted
1,390,014

24.46

Forfeited
(230,779
)
21.47

Exercised
(357,373
)
10.49

Expired
(39,357
)
22.24

Options Outstanding December 31, 2018
8,090,636

12.22

Granted
3,067,888

14.52

Forfeited
(533,503
)
20.65

Exercised
(383,319
)
13.99

Expired
(109,140
)
23.86

Options Outstanding December 31, 2019
10,132,562

12.28

Exercisable December 31, 2019
6,231,099

9.17


Black-Scholes Assumptions for Option Granted The table below summarizes the inputs used to calculate the estimated fair value of options awarded for the years ended December 31:

Black-Scholes Assumptions for Options Granted
 
2019
2018
2017
Expected term (in years)
6.28

6.01

6.23

Volatility
60
%
66
%
77
%
Expected dividends



Risk free interest rates
2.1
%
2.7
%
2.1
%
Estimated forfeitures
%
%
%
Weighted average fair value
$
8.33

$
14.87

$
16.24


Stock Option Supplemental Information
The following table shows summary information for outstanding options and options that are exercisable (vested) as of December 31, 2019:

Stock Option Supplemental Information
 
Options
Outstanding
Options
Exercisable
Number of options
10,132,562

6,231,099

Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)
5.64

3.75

Weighted average exercise price
$
12.28

$
9.17

Weighted average fair value
$
8.10

$
6.16

Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions)
$
64.2

$
57.2


Restricted Stock Activity
The following table summarizes RSU and SG activity during the years ending December 31, 2019 and 2018:

RSU and SG Activity
 
Number of Shares
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
RSUs & SGs Outstanding January 1, 2018
24,150

$
20.91

Granted
76,000

17.33

Forfeited


Vested/released
(24,150
)
16.58

RSUs & SGs outstanding December 31, 2018
76,000

18.70

Granted
11,000

20.32

Forfeited
(60,500
)
19.74

Vested/released
(12,168
)
17.43

RSUs & SGs outstanding December 31, 2019
14,332

16.66


Weighted Average Fair Value of RSU's and SG's Awarded The table below summarizes the weighted average fair value of RSUs and SGs awarded for the years ending December 31:
RSU and SG Grants

2019
2018
2017
Weighted average fair value
$
20.32

$
17.33

$
22.40


Equity-Based Compensation Expense and Tax Benefit
The expense and tax benefits recognized on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss related to options for the years ending December 31 (in thousands):

Equity-Based Compensation Expenses and Tax Benefit
(in thousands)
 
2019
2018
2017
Cost of Sales
$
277

$
189

$
99

Research and development
4,115

4,760

3,738

Sales, general and administrative
8,226

9,473

10,096

Total equity-based compensation expense
$
12,618

$
14,422

$
13,933

Recognized tax benefit
$

$

$