NOTE 15. COMMITMENTS

Leases

The Company has entered into lease agreements, lease amendments, and lease extensions (“Lease Agreements”) for office, laboratory and manufacturing space located in Tucson, Arizona and Europe, the last of which expires in 2022. Total rent expense, including common area charges was $338,000 and $303,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $1.0 million and $928,000, respectively. Future minimum lease payments under these agreements are as follows (in thousands):



Year ending December 31:
2018	$	284
2019	266
2020	145
2021	98
2022	22
Thereafter	—
	$	815

Clinical Trial & Study Agreements

The Company has entered into master agreements with clinical trial and study sites in which we typically pay a set amount for start-up costs and then pay for work performed. These agreements typically indemnify the clinical trial sites from any and all losses arising from third party claims as a result of the Company's negligence, willful misconduct or misrepresentation. The expense incurred as part of the clinical trial is included in research and development on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Marketing Study Agreements

The Company has entered into marketing study agreements with research institutions and hospitals in which we typically pay a set amount for start-up costs and then pay for work performed. These agreements typically indemnify the sites from any and all losses arising from third party claims as a result of the Company's negligence, willful misconduct or misrepresentation.