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Commitments and Contingencies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies
NOTE 8: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Chapter 11 Reorganization— On December 8, 2008 (the “Petition Date”), Tribune Company and 110 of its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Debtors” or “Predecessor”) filed voluntary petitions for relief (collectively, the “Chapter 11 Petitions”) under chapter 11 (“Chapter 11”) of title 11 of the United States Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”) in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the “Bankruptcy Court”). The Fourth Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization for Tribune Company and its Subsidiaries (as subsequently modified, the “Plan”) became effective and the Debtors emerged from Chapter 11 on December 31, 2012 (the “Effective Date”). The Bankruptcy Court has entered final decrees that have collectively closed 106 of the Debtors’ Chapter 11 cases. The remaining Debtors’ Chapter 11 proceedings continue to be jointly administered under the caption In re Tribune Media Company, et al., Case No. 08-13141.
Confirmation Order Appeals—Notices of appeal of the Bankruptcy Court’s order confirming the Plan (the “Confirmation Order”) were filed by (i) Aurelius Capital Management, LP, on behalf of its managed entities that were holders of the Predecessor’s senior notes and Exchangeable Subordinated Debentures due 2029 (“PHONES”); (ii) Law Debenture Trust Company of New York (n/k/a Delaware Trust Company) (“Delaware Trust Company”) and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (“Deutsche Bank”), each successor trustees under the respective indentures for the Predecessor’s senior notes; (iii) Wilmington Trust Company, as successor indenture trustee for the PHONES; and (iv) EGI-TRB, L.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company wholly-owned by Sam Investment Trust (a trust established for the benefit of Samuel Zell and his family) (the “Zell Entity”). The appellants sought, among other relief, to overturn the Confirmation Order and certain prior orders of the Bankruptcy Court embodied in the Plan, including the settlement of certain claims and causes of action related to the series of transactions (collectively, the “Leveraged ESOP Transactions”) consummated by the Predecessor, the Tribune Company employee stock ownership plan, the Zell Entity and Samuel Zell in 2007. As of June 30, 2019, each of the Confirmation Order appeals have been dismissed or otherwise resolved by a final order, with the exception of the appeals of Delaware Trust Company and Deutsche Bank. On July 30, 2018, the United States District Court for the District of Delaware
(the “District Court”) entered an order affirming (i) the Bankruptcy Court’s judgment overruling Delaware Trust Company’s and Deutsche Bank’s objections to confirmation of the Plan and (ii) the Bankruptcy Court’s order confirming the Plan. Delaware Trust Company and Deutsche Bank appealed the District Court’s order to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (the “Third Circuit”) on August 27, 2018. That appeal remains pending before the Third Circuit. If the remaining appellants succeed on their appeals, the Company’s financial condition may be adversely affected.
Resolution of Outstanding Prepetition Claims—As of the Effective Date, approximately 7,400 proofs of claim had been filed against the Debtors. Amounts and payment terms for these claims, if applicable, were established in the Plan. The Plan requires the Company to reserve cash in amounts sufficient to make certain additional payments that may become due and owing pursuant to the Plan subsequent to the Effective Date. As of June 30, 2019, restricted cash held by the Company to satisfy the remaining claim obligations was $17 million and is estimated to be sufficient to satisfy such obligations.
As of June 30, 2019, all but 403 proofs of claim against the Debtors had been withdrawn, expunged, settled or otherwise satisfied. The majority of the remaining proofs of claim were filed by certain of the Company’s former directors and officers, asserting indemnity and other related claims against the Company for claims brought against them in lawsuits arising from the Leveraged ESOP Transactions. Those lawsuits are pending in multidistrict litigation (“MDL”) before the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York (the “NY District Court”) in proceedings captioned In re Tribune Co. Fraudulent Conveyance Litigation. Under the Plan, the indemnity claims of the Company’s former directors and officers must be set off against any recovery by the litigation trust formed pursuant to the Plan (the “Litigation Trust”) against any of those directors and officers, and the Litigation Trust is authorized to object to the allowance of any such indemnity-type claims.
During the second quarter of 2019, the Litigation Trust reached settlements in principle with various parties to the MDL litigation, including certain of the directors and officers that have filed proofs of claim against the Debtors. The Litigation Trust is in the process of seeking approvals of those settlements from the applicable courts. If those approvals are granted and the settlements become effective, not fewer than 54 of the outstanding proofs of claim against the Debtors will be resolved. The Debtors are continuing to evaluate the remaining proofs of claim.
The ultimate amounts to be paid in resolutions of the remaining proofs of claim, including indemnity claims, will continue to be subject to uncertainty for a period of time after the Effective Date. If the aggregate allowed amount of the remaining claims exceeds the restricted cash held for satisfying such claims, the Company would be required to satisfy the allowed claims from its cash on hand from operations.
Reorganization Items, Net—ASC Topic 852, “Reorganizations,” requires that the financial statements for periods subsequent to the filing of the Chapter 11 Petitions distinguish transactions and events that are directly associated with the reorganization from the operations of the business. Reorganization items, net included in the Company’s unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations primarily include professional advisory fees and other costs related to the resolution of unresolved claims and totaled less than $1 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, and $2 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018. The Company expects to continue to incur certain expenses pertaining to the Chapter 11 proceedings throughout 2019 and potentially in future periods.
FCC Regulation—Various aspects of the Company’s operations are subject to regulation by governmental authorities in the United States. The Company’s television and radio broadcasting operations are subject to FCC jurisdiction under the Communications Act of 1934, as amended. FCC rules, among other things, govern the term, renewal and transfer of radio and television broadcasting licenses, and limit the number of media interests in a local market that a single entity can own. Federal law also regulates the rates charged for political advertising and the quantity of advertising within children’s programs. As of August 9, 2019, the Company had FCC authorization to operate 39 television stations and one AM radio station.
The Company is subject to the FCC’s “Local Television Multiple Ownership Rule” and the “National Television Multiple Ownership Rule,” among others, as further described in Note 10 to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018.
In general and subject to certain conditions, under the “Local Television Multiple Ownership Rule” (the “Duopoly Rule”) a company may hold attributable interests in up to two television stations in a single Nielsen Media Research Designated Market Area (“DMA”). In applying the Duopoly rule, the FCC applies a presumption against allowing combinations of two top-four ranked stations in a market, subject to a case-by-case waiver review process. This approach, adopted in the 2014 Quadrennial Review Reconsideration Order, is subject to a pending petition for judicial review by the Third Circuit. On December 13, 2018, the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking initiating the 2018 Quadrennial Review (the “2018 Quadrennial Review”), which, among other things, seeks comment on all aspects of the Duopoly Rule’s application and implementation, including whether the rule itself remains necessary to serve the public interest in the current television marketplace, and, if retained, whether the top-four prohibition should be retained, and if so, whether the FCC should adopt a waiver process or bright-line test to determine where waivers of the top-4 prohibition may be warranted. The Company cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings, or their effect on its business.
The “National Television Multiple Ownership Rule” prohibits the Company from owning television stations that, in the aggregate, reach more than 39% of total U.S. television households, subject to a 50% discount of the number of television households attributable to UHF stations (the “UHF Discount”). In a Report and Order issued on September 7, 2016 (the “UHF Discount Repeal Order”), the FCC repealed the UHF Discount but grandfathered existing station combinations (including the Company’s) that exceeded the 39% national reach cap as a result of the elimination of the UHF Discount, subject to compliance in the event of a future change of control or assignment of license. The FCC reinstated the UHF Discount in an Order on Reconsideration adopted on April 20, 2017 (the “UHF Discount Reconsideration Order”). A petition for judicial review of the UHF Discount Reconsideration Order by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit was dismissed on jurisdictional grounds on July 25, 2018. A petition for review of the UHF Discount Repeal Order by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit was dismissed as moot on December 19, 2018. On December 18, 2017, the FCC released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking seeking comment generally, on the continuing propriety of a national cap and the Commission’s jurisdiction with respect to the cap. The Company cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings, or their effect on its business.
Federal legislation enacted in February 2012 authorized the FCC to conduct a voluntary “incentive auction” in order to reallocate certain spectrum currently occupied by television broadcast stations to mobile wireless broadband services, to “repack” television stations into a smaller portion of the existing television spectrum band and to require television stations that do not participate in the auction to modify their transmission facilities, subject to reimbursement for reasonable relocation costs up to an industry-wide total of $1.750 billion, which amount was increased by $1 billion pursuant to the adoption of an amended version of the Repack Airwaves Yielding Better Access for Users of Modern Services (RAY BAUM’S) Act of 2018 by the U.S. Congress on March 23, 2018. On April 13, 2017, the FCC announced the conclusion of the incentive auction, the results of the reverse and forward auction and the repacking of the broadcast television spectrum. The Company participated in the auction and has received approximately $191 million in pretax proceeds (including $26 million of proceeds received by a Dreamcatcher station) as of December 31, 2017. The Company received gross pretax proceeds of $172 million from licenses sold by the Company in the FCC spectrum auction in 2017 and recognized a net pretax gain of $133 million in the first quarter of 2018 related to the surrender of the spectrum of these television stations in January 2018.
Twenty-two of the Company’s television stations (including WTTK, which operates as a satellite station of WTTV) are required to change frequencies or otherwise modify their operations as a result of the repacking. In doing so, the stations could incur substantial conversion costs, reduction or loss of over-the-air signal coverage or an inability to provide high definition programming and additional program streams.
Through June 30, 2019, the Company incurred $39 million in capital expenditures for the spectrum repack, of which $12 million and $24 million was incurred in 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company expects that the
reimbursements from the FCC’s special fund will cover the majority of the Company’s costs and expenses related to the repacking. However, the Company cannot currently predict the effect of the repacking, whether the special fund will be sufficient to reimburse all of the Company’s costs and expenses related to the repacking, the timing of reimbursements or any spectrum-related FCC regulatory action.
Through June 30, 2019, the Company has received FCC reimbursements of $17 million, of which $2 million and $6 million were received during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. In 2018, the Company received $11 million of FCC reimbursements, of which $2 million was received for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. The reimbursements are included as a reduction to selling, general and administrative expense (“SG&A”) and are presented as an investing inflow in the Company’s unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
As described in Note 1 to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company completed the Local TV Acquisition on December 27, 2013 pursuant to FCC staff approval granted on December 20, 2013 in the Local TV Transfer Order. On January 22, 2014, Free Press filed an Application for Review seeking review by the full Commission of the Local TV Transfer Order. The Company filed an Opposition to the Application for Review on February 21, 2014. Free Press filed a reply on March 6, 2014. The matter is pending.
From time to time, the FCC revises existing regulations and policies in ways that could affect the Company’s broadcasting operations. In addition, Congress from time to time considers and adopts substantive amendments to the governing communications legislation. The Company cannot predict such actions or their resulting effect upon the Company’s business and financial position.
Termination of Sinclair Merger Agreement—On August 9, 2018, the Company provided notification to Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc. (“Sinclair”) that the Company terminated, effective immediately, the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated May 8, 2017, with Sinclair (the “Sinclair Merger Agreement”), which provided for the acquisition by Sinclair of all of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Sinclair Merger”). Additionally, on August 9, 2018, the Company filed a complaint in the Delaware Court of Chancery against Sinclair (the “Sinclair Complaint”), alleging that Sinclair willfully and materially breached its obligations under the Sinclair Merger Agreement. The lawsuit seeks damages for all losses incurred as a result of Sinclair’s breach of contract under the Sinclair Merger Agreement. On August 29, 2018, Sinclair filed an answer to the Company’s Sinclair Complaint and a counterclaim (the “Sinclair Counterclaim”). On September 18, 2018, the Company filed an answer to the Sinclair Counterclaim. The Company believes the Sinclair Counterclaim is without merit and intends to defend it vigorously. In connection with the termination of the Sinclair Merger Agreement, on August 9, 2018, the Company provided notification to Fox Television Stations, LLC (“Fox”) that it terminated the asset purchase agreement, by and between Sinclair, Fox and the Company, dated May 8, 2018 (the “Fox Purchase Agreement”) to sell the assets of certain network affiliates of the Company, effective immediately. Under the terms of the Fox Purchase Agreement, no termination fees were payable by any party.
Other Contingencies—The Company and its subsidiaries are defendants from time to time in actions for matters arising out of their business operations. In addition, the Company and its subsidiaries are involved from time to time as parties in various regulatory, environmental and other proceedings with governmental authorities and administrative agencies. See Note 9 for a discussion of potential income tax liabilities.
The Company does not believe that any matters or proceedings presently pending will have a material adverse effect, individually or in the aggregate, on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.