D. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

D. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

In accordance with ASC 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements,” the Company determines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company generally applies the income approach to determine fair value. This method uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations with respect to those future amounts.

ASC 820-10 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The Company classifies fair value balances based on the observability of those inputs. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

●  Level 1 – Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

●  Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active and amounts derived from valuation models where all significant inputs are observable in active markets

●  Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s assumptions

For disclosure purposes, assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety in the fair value hierarchy level based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the overall fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.

The table below sets forth the assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by input level, in the condensed balance sheet at March 31, 2019:

	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities  (Level 1)	Significant Other Observable Inputs  (Level 2)	Significant Unobservable Inputs  (Level 3)	Total
Derivative instruments	$ -	$ -	$4,727,929	$4,727,929

The table below sets forth the assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by input level, in the condensed balance sheet at September 30, 2018:

	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities (Level 1)	Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)	Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)	Total
Derivative instruments	$33	$ -	$9,317,031	$9,317,064

The following sets forth the reconciliation of beginning and ending balances related to fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and the year ended September 30, 2018:

	Six Months Ended			Year Ended
	March 31, 2019			September 30, 2018
Beginning balance	$	9,317,031		$	2,020,629
Issuances		-			-
Exercises		-			(595,780	)
Realized and unrealized (gains) and losses		(4,589,102	)		7,892,182
Ending balance	$	4,727,929		$	9,317,031

The fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments disclosed above under Level 3 are primarily derived from valuation models where significant inputs such as historical price and volatility of the Company’s stock, as well as U.S. Treasury Bill rates, are observable in active markets.