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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
 
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) and include our financial statements and the financial statements of our wholly-owned subsidiaries.
 
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial information has been prepared according to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted in accordance with such rules and regulations. Our management believes that the disclosures presented in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. In management’s opinion, all adjustments and eliminations, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the financial position and results of operations for the reported periods have been included. The results of operations for such interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial information should be read in conjunction with our December 31, 2015 audited consolidated financial statements, as previously filed with the SEC in our 2015 Transition Report, and other public information.
Accounting Period
a. Accounting Period - Our fiscal year has historically been a 52-week or 53-week period ending on the Saturday on or nearest to February 28. The fiscal year ended February 28, 2015 was comprised of 52 weeks. On November 12, 2015, our Board of Directors approved a change to our fiscal year end from the Saturday closest to the last day of February to a December 31 calendar year end, effective with the year ending December 31, 2015. The transition period resulting from this change was from March 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015. This reported second quarter presents the period from April 1, 2016 to June 30, 2016 compared to the thirteen weeks from March 1, 2015 to May 30, 2015, and the six month period from January 1, 2016 to June 30, 2016.
Principles of Consolidation
b. Principles of Consolidation - The financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
c. Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reportable Segments
d. Reportable Segments - For the periods ending June 30, 2016, December 31, 2015 and May 30, 2015, we operated in one reportable segment, namely, commercial real estate.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
e. Concentrations of Credit Risk - Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. We hold substantially all of our cash and cash equivalents in banks. Such cash balances at times exceed federally-insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts.
Real Estate
f. Real Estate - Real estate assets are stated at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. All costs related to the improvement or replacement of real estate properties are capitalized. Additions, renovations and improvements that enhance and/or extend the useful life of a property are also capitalized. Expenditures for ordinary maintenance, repairs and improvements that do not materially prolong the normal useful life of an asset are charged to operations as incurred. Depreciation and amortization are determined using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives described in the table below:
 
Category
 
Terms
 
 
 
Buildings and improvements
 
10 - 39 years
Tenant improvements
 
Shorter of remaining term of the lease or useful life
Real Estate Under Development
g. Real Estate Under Development - We capitalize certain costs related to the development and redevelopment of real estate including initial project acquisition costs, pre-construction costs and construction costs for each specific project. Additionally, we capitalize operating costs, real estate taxes, insurance,interest, and salaries and related costs of personnel directly involved with the specific project related to real estate under development, which totaled $2.4 million and $5.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively, and $3.6 million for the thirteen weeks ended May 30, 2015. Capitalization of these costs begins when the activities and related expenditures commence, and ceases when the property is held available for occupancy upon substantial completion of tenant improvements, but no later than one year from the completion of major construction activity at which time the project is placed in service and depreciation commences. Revenue earned under short-term license agreements at properties under development is offset against these capitalized costs.
Valuation of Long-Lived Assets
h. Valuation of Long-Lived Assets - We periodically review long-lived assets for impairment whenever changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. We consider relevant cash flow, management’s strategic plans and significant decreases in the market value of the asset and other available information in assessing whether the carrying value of the assets can be recovered. When such events occur, we compare the carrying amount of the assets to the undiscounted expected future cash flows from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. If this comparison indicates an impairment, the carrying amount would then be compared to the estimated fair value of the long-lived asset. An impairment loss would be measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the long-lived asset exceeds its estimated fair value. No provision for impairment was recorded at either June 30, 2016 or December 31, 2015.
Trademarks and Customer Lists
i. Trademarks and Customer Lists - Trademarks and customer lists are stated at cost, less accumulated amortization. Amortization is determined using the straight-line method over useful lives of 10 years.
Fair Value Measurement
j. Fair Value Measurement - We determine fair value in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820-10-05 for financial assets and liabilities. This standard defines fair value, provides guidance for measuring fair value and requires certain disclosures.
 
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation models are applied. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price transparency for the instruments or market and the instruments’ complexity.
 
Assets and liabilities disclosed at fair value are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. Hierarchical levels, which are defined by ASC 820-10-35, are directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuation of these assets and liabilities. Determining which category an asset or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment and we evaluate our hierarchy disclosures each quarter.
 
Level 1 - Valuations based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
 
Level 2 - Valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
 
Level 3 - Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. These valuations require significant judgment.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
k. Cash and Cash Equivalents - Cash and cash equivalents include securities with original maturities of three months or less.
Restricted Cash
l. Restricted Cash - Restricted cash represents amounts required to be segregated under the 77 Greenwich Loan agreement and the West Palm Beach loan agreement (the “WPB Loan”) (see Note 5 - Loans Payable) and tenant security deposits.
Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable
m. Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable - Leases with tenants are accounted for as operating leases. Minimum rents are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective leases, beginning when the tenant takes possession of the space. The excess of rents recognized over amounts contractually due pursuant to the underlying leases are included in deferred rents receivable. In addition, leases typically provide for the reimbursement of real estate taxes, insurance and other property operating expenses. These reimbursements are recognized as revenue in the period the expenses are incurred. We make estimates of the uncollectability of our accounts receivable related to tenant revenues. An allowance for doubtful accounts has been provided against certain tenant accounts receivable that are estimated to be uncollectible. Once the amount is ultimately deemed to be uncollectible, it is written off.
Stock-Based Compensation
n. Stock-Based Compensation – We have granted stock-based compensation, which is described below in Note 11 – Stock-Based Compensation. We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718-30-30, which establishes accounting for stock-based awards exchanged for employee services. Under the provisions of ASC 718-10-35, stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award on that date, and is expensed at the grant date (for the portion that vests immediately) or ratably over the respective vesting periods (see Adoption of New Accounting Principle below).
Income Taxes
o. Income Taxes - We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method as required by the provisions of ASC 740, “Income Taxes”. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are established based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. We provide a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets for which we do not consider realization of such assets to be more likely than not.
 
ASC 740-10-65 addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under ASC 740-10-65, we may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. ASC 740-10-65 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures. As of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had determined that no liabilities were required in connection with unrecognized tax positions. As of June 30, 2016, our tax returns for the prior three years are subject to review by the Internal Revenue Service.
 
We are subject to Federal, state and certain local and franchise taxes.
Earnings (loss) Per Share
p. Earnings (loss) Per Share - We present both basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share. Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock, where such exercise or conversion would result in a lower per share amount. Shares issuable under restricted stock units that have vested but not yet settled were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share because the awards would have been antidilutive for the periods presented.
Deferred Financing Costs
q.     Deferred Financing Costs Deferred financing costs represent commitment fees, legal, title and other third party costs associated with obtaining commitments for financing which result in a closing of such financing. These costs are being offset against loans payable on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. These costs are amortized over the terms of the respective financing. Unamortized deferred financing costs are expensed when the associated debt is refinanced or repaid before maturity. Costs incurred in seeking financing transactions, which do not close, are expensed in the period in which it is determined that the financing will not close.
Deferred Lease Costs
r.     Deferred Lease Costs – Deferred lease costs consist of fees and direct costs incurred to initiate and renew operating leases and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the related lease term.
Underwriting Commissions and Costs
s.      Underwriting Commissions and Costs – Underwriting commissions and costs incurred in connection with our stock offerings are reflected as a reduction of additional paid-in-capital.
Reclassifications
t.      Reclassifications – Certain prior year financial statement amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-09 and ASU 2015-03 as described below.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.  ASU 2016-09 changes how companies account for certain aspects of share-based payment awards to employees, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows.  ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those annual periods.  If an entity early adopts in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period and the entity must adopt all of the amendments from ASU 2016-09 in the same period.  We elected to early adopt ASU 2016-09 as of January 1, 2016 and the adoption has resulted in an adjustment of a reduction in real estate, net of $0.5 million, a reduction in liability related to stock-based compensation of $5.1 million, an increase in additional paid-in capital of $4.4 million and an increase in retained earnings of $0.2 million (see Adoption of New Accounting Principle below).
  
In February 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” The new standard requires a lessor to classify leases as either sales-type, finance or operating. A lease will be treated as a sale if it transfers all of the risks and rewards, as well as control of the underlying asset, to the lessee. If risks and rewards are conveyed without the transfer of control, the lease is treated as a financing. If the lessor does not convey risks and rewards or control, an operating lease results. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessors for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The new standard establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. We are currently evaluating the impact of our pending adoption of the new standard on our consolidated financial statements.
 
In September 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, “Business Combination (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement Period Adjustments.” ASU 2015-16 requires adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period to be recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. This includes any effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization, or other income effects as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. ASU 2015-16 requires an entity to disclose the nature and amount of measurement-period adjustments recognized in the current period, including separately the amounts in current-period income statement line items that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the provisional amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date. The adoption of ASU 2015-16 did not impact our consolidated financial statements.
 
In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of Effective Date”. ASU 2015-14 defers the effective date of adoption of ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. ASU 2014-09 was issued in May 2014 and it supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing GAAP. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods therein, using either of the following transition methods: (i) a full retrospective approach reflecting the application of the standard in each prior reporting period with the option to elect certain practical expedients, or (ii) a retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially adopting ASU 2014-09 recognized at the date of adoption (which includes additional footnote disclosures). We are currently evaluating the impact of our pending adoption of ASU 2014-09 on our consolidated financial statements and have not yet determined the method by which the standard will be adopted.
 
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-04, “Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Practical Expedient for the Measurement Date of an Employer’s Defined Benefit Obligation and Plan Assets”. ASU 2015-04 provides a practical expedient that permits the entity to measure defined benefit plan assets and obligations using the month-end that is closest to the entity’s fiscal year-end and apply that practical expedient consistently from year to year. ASU 2015-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. The adoption of ASU 2015-04 is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, “Interest - Imputation of Interest: Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs.” ASU 2015-03 modifies the treatment of debt issuance costs from a deferred charge to a deduction of the carrying value of the financial liability. We adopted ASU 2015-03 effective January 1, 2016, resulting in the reclassification of $385,000 from prepaid expenses and other assets, net, to loans payable, net, as of December 31, 2015. There was no effect on the results of operations for any period presented (see Changes in Accounting Principles below).
 
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-02, “Consolidation (Topic 810) – Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis.” ASU 2015-02 amends the consolidation requirements in ASC 810, “Consolidation” and changes the required consolidation analysis. The amendments in ASU No. 2015-02 affect reporting entities that are required to evaluate whether they should consolidate certain legal entities. The amendments impact limited partnerships and legal entities, the evaluation of fees paid to a decision maker or service provider of a variable interest, the effect of fee arrangements on the primary beneficiary determination, the effect of related parties on the primary beneficiary determination, and certain investment funds. The adoption of ASU 2015-02 did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Changes in Accounting Principles
Adoption of New Accounting Principle
 
As noted above, FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.  The new standard contains several amendments that will simplify the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, statutory tax withholding requirements, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The changes in the new standard eliminate the accounting for excess tax benefits to be recognized in additional paid-in capital and tax deficiencies recognized either in the income tax provision or in additional paid-in capital. We elected adoption of ASU 2016-09 in the first quarter of 2016 using the prospective approach. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, we recognized all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax expense or benefit as a discrete event. No income tax benefit or expense was recognized in the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016 as a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-09. There will be no change to retained earnings with respect to excess tax benefits, as this is not applicable to us as any tax benefits associated with stock compensation were historically not recorded with any windfalls or shortfalls that would give rise to APIC pool adjustments and is not expected to be recognized in the foreseeable future. The treatment of forfeitures has not changed as we are electing to continue our current process of estimating the number of forfeitures. As such, this has no cumulative effect on retained earnings. With the early adoption of ASU 2016-09 on a prospective basis, the adoption had no impact on our prior period statement of operations, statement of cash flow, balance sheet and statement of stockholders equity.
 
As reported on Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, we early adopted the provisions of ASU 2016-09 and restated our December 31, 2015 condensed consolidated balance sheet.  Subsequent to the filing, we determined that such adoption should have been effected as of January 1, 2016 and as such we corrected our condensed consolidated balance sheet and condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity at December 31, 2015 for the Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended June 30, 2016.  The correction had no impact on the consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2016.