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FAIR VALUE
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2011
FAIR VALUE [Abstract]  
FAIR VALUE
NOTE K:  FAIR VALUE

Accounting standards allow entities an irrevocable option to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value.  Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings.  The Company has elected to value loans held for sale at fair value in order to more closely match the gains and losses associated with loans held for sale with the gains and losses on forward sales contracts.  Accordingly, the impact on the valuation will be recognized in the Company's consolidated statement of income.  All mortgage loans held for sale are current and in performing status.

Accounting standards establish a framework for measuring fair value and require certain disclosures about such fair value instruments.  It defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price).  Inputs used to measure fair value are classified into the following hierarchy:

·
Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
·
Level 2 – Quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.
·
Level 3 – Significant valuation assumptions not readily observable in a market.

A financial instrument's categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.    The following tables set forth the Company's financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis.   There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 for any of the periods presented.

 
June 30, 2011
(000's omitted)
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total Fair Value
Available-for-sale investment securities:
       
  U.S. Treasury and agency securities
$151,553
$275,219
$0
$426,772
  Obligations of state and political subdivisions
0
533,245
0
533,245
  Government agency mortgage-backed securities
0
356,340
0
356,340
  Pooled trust preferred securities
0
0
48,972
48,972
  Corporate debt securities
0
20,392
0
20,392
  Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations
0
54,005
0
54,005
  Marketable equity securities
472
0
0
472
   Total available-for-sale investment securities
152,025
1,239,201
48,972
1,440,198
Forward sales commitments
0
0
0
0
Commitments to originate real estate loans for sale
0
0
142
142
Mortgage loans held for sale
0
869
0
869
Interest rate swap
0
(1,641)
0
(1,641)
   Total
$152,025
$1,238,429
$49,114
$1,439,568


 
December 31, 2010
(000's omitted)
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total Fair Value
Available-for-sale investment securities:
       
  U.S. Treasury and agency securities
$1,026
$303,031
$0
$304,057
  Obligations of state and political subdivisions
0
522,218
0
522,218
  Government agency mortgage-backed securities
0
179,716
0
179,716
  Pooled trust preferred securities
0
0
41,993
41,993
  Corporate debt securities
0
27,157
0
27,157
  Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations
0
10,395
0
10,395
  Marketable equity securities
427
0
0
427
   Total available-for-sale investment securities
1,453
1,042,517
41,993
1,085,963
Forward sales commitments
0
322
0
322
Commitments to originate real estate loans for sale
0
0
58
58
Mortgage loans held for sale
0
3,952
0
3,952
Interest rate swap
0
(3,232)
0
(3,232)
   Total
$1,453
$1,043,559
$42,051
$1,087,063

The valuation techniques used to measure fair value for the items in the table above are as follows:
 
·
Available for sale investment securities – The fair value of available-for-sale investment securities is based upon quoted prices, if available.  If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using quoted market prices for similar securities or model-based valuation techniques.  Level 1 securities include U.S. Treasury obligations and marketable equity securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets.  Level 2 securities include U.S. agency securities, mortgage-backed securities issued by government-sponsored entities, municipal securities and corporate debt securities that are valued by reference to prices for similar securities or through model-based techniques in which all significant inputs, such as reported trades, trade execution data, LIBOR swap yield curve, market prepayment speeds, credit information, market spreads, and security's terms and conditions, are observable.  Securities classified as Level 3 include pooled trust preferred securities in less liquid markets.  The value of these instruments is determined using multiple pricing models or similar techniques as well as significant unobservable inputs such as judgment or estimation by the Company in the weighting of the models.

 
·
Mortgage loans held for sale – Mortgage loans held for sale are carried at fair value, which is determined using quoted secondary-market prices of loans with similar characteristics and, as such, have been classified as a Level 2 valuation.  The unpaid principal value of mortgage loans held for sale at June 30, 2011 is approximately $851,000.  The unrealized gain on mortgage loans held for sale of $18,000 was recognized in mortgage banking and other services income in the consolidated statement of income for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.

 
·
Forward sales contracts – The Company enters into forward sales contracts to sell certain residential real estate loans.  Such commitments are considered to be derivative financial instruments and, therefore, are carried at estimated fair value in the other asset or other liability section of the consolidated balance sheet.  The fair value of these forward sales contracts is primarily measured by obtaining pricing from certain government-sponsored entities and reflects the underlying price the entity would pay the Company for an immediate sale of these mortgages.  These instruments are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

 
·
Commitments to originate real estate loans for sale – The Company enters into various commitments to originate residential real estate loans for sale.  Such commitments are considered to be derivative financial instruments and, therefore, are carried at estimated fair value in the other asset or other liability section of the consolidated balance sheet.  The estimated fair value of these commitments is determined using quoted secondary market prices obtained from certain government-sponsored entities.  Additionally, accounting guidance requires the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan to be included in the fair value measurement of the derivative.  The expected net future cash flows are based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated net servicing income.  The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income.  Such assumptions include estimates of the realization rate, cost of servicing loans, appropriate discount rate and prepayment speeds.  The determination of expected net cash flows is considered a significant unobservable input contributing to the Level 3 classification of commitments to originate real estate loans for sale.

 
·
Interest rate swap – The Company utilizes interest rate swap agreements to modify the repricing characteristics of certain of its interest-bearing liabilities.  The fair value of these interest rate swaps, which are traded in over-the-counter markets, where quoted market prices are not readily available, are measured using models for which the significant assumptions such as yield curves and option volatilities are market observable and, therefore, classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
 
 
The changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized in the following tables:
 
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2011
 
2010
(000's omitted)
Pooled trust
preferred
securities
Commitments
to originate
real estate
loans for sale
Total
 
Pooled trust
preferred
securities
Commitments
to originate
real estate
loans for sale
Total
Beginning balance
$48,172
$58
$48,230
 
$46,021
$106
$46,127
Total gains (losses) included in earnings (1)
25
(58)
(33)
 
24
(106)
(82)
Total gains included in other comprehensive income
1,156
0
1,156
 
1,681
0
1,681
Sales/calls/principal reductions
(381)
0
(381)
 
(383)
0
(383)
Commitments to originate real estate loans held for sale, net
0
142
142
 
0
367
367
Ending balance
$48,972
$142
$49,114
 
$47,343
$367
$47,710
(1) Amounts included in earnings associated with the pooled trust preferred securities relate to accretion of related discount.
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2011
 
2010
(000's omitted)
Pooled trust
preferred
securities
Commitments
to originate
real estate loans
for sale
Total
 
Pooled trust
preferred
securities
Commitments
to originate
real estate
loans for sale
Total
Beginning balance
$41,993
$58
$42,051
 
$44,014
$31
$44,045
Total gains (losses) included in earnings (1)
48
(116)
(68)
 
49
(31)
18
Total gains included in other comprehensive income
7,679
0
7,679
 
4,037
0
4,037
Purchases
0
0
0
 
0
0
0
Sales/calls/principal reductions
(748)
0
(748)
 
(757)
0
(757)
Commitments to originate real estate loans held for sale, net
0
200
200
 
0
367
367
Ending balance
$48,972
$142
$49,114
 
$47,343
$367
$47,710
(1) Amounts included in earnings associated with the pooled trust preferred securities relate to accretion of related discount.

Assets and liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis:

 
June 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
(000's omitted)
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total Fair Value
 
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total Fair Value
Impaired loans
$0
$0
$0
$0
 
$0
$0
$703
$703
Other real estate owned
0
0
3,269
3,269
 
0
0
2,011
2,011
Mortgage servicing rights
0
0
1,359
1,359
 
0
0
2,422
2,422
   Total
$0
$0
$4,628
$4,628
 
$0
$0
$5,136
$5,136

Originated mortgage servicing rights are recorded at their fair value at the time of sale of the underlying loan, and are amortized in proportion to and over the estimated period of net servicing income.  In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, the Company must record impairment charges, on a nonrecurring basis, when the carrying value of certain strata exceed their estimated fair value.  The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is based on a valuation model incorporating inputs that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income.  Such inputs include estimates of the cost of servicing loans, appropriate discount rate and prepayment speeds and are considered to be unobservable and contribute to the Level 3 classification of mortgage servicing rights.  The amount of impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying value of the capitalized servicing rights for a stratum exceeds estimated fair value.  Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance.  There is a valuation allowance of approximately $25,000 at June 30, 2011.

Loans are generally not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.  Periodically, the Company records nonrecurring adjustments to the carrying value of loans based on fair value measurements for partial charge-offs of the uncollectible portions of those loans.  Nonrecurring adjustments also include certain impairment amounts for collateral-dependent loans calculated when establishing the allowance for credit losses. Such amounts are generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral supporting the loan and, as a result, the carrying value of the loan less the calculated valuation amount does not necessarily represent the fair value of the loan. Real estate collateral is typically valued using independent appraisals or other indications of value based on recent comparable sales of similar properties or assumptions generally observable in the marketplace, adjusted based on non-observable inputs and the related nonrecurring fair value measurement adjustments are generally classified as Level 3. Estimates of fair value used for other collateral supporting commercial loans generally are based on assumptions not observable in the marketplace and, therefore, such valuations classify as Level 3.

The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more often if events or circumstances indicate there may be impairment.  The fair value of each reporting unit is compared to the carrying amount of that reporting unit in order to determine if impairment is indicated.  If so, the implied fair value of the reporting units' goodwill is compared to its carrying amount and the impairment loss is measured by the excess of the carrying value of the goodwill over fair value of the goodwill.  In such situations, the Company performs a discounted cash flow modeling technique that requires management to make estimates regarding the amount and timing of expected future cash flows of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit that enable the Company to calculate the implied fair value of the goodwill.  It also requires use of a discount rate that reflects the current return requirement of the market in relation to present risk-free interest rates, required equity market premiums and company-specific risk indicators.  The Company did not recognize an impairment charge during 2010 or the six months ended June 30, 2011.

The Company determines fair values based on quoted market values where available or on estimates using present values or other valuation techniques.  Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including, but not limited to, the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows.  In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument.  Certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments are excluded from fair value disclosure requirements.  Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company.  The fair value of investment securities has been disclosed in Note D.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company's other financial instruments that are not accounted for at fair value at June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are as follows:

   
June 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
   
Carrying
Fair
 
Carrying
Fair
(000's omitted)
 
Value
Value
 
Value
Value
Financial assets:
           
   Net loans
 
$3,435,619
$3,450,501
 
$2,983,853
$2,996,821
Financial liabilities:
           
   Deposits
 
4,757,102
4,775,346
 
3,934,045
3,944,261
   Borrowings
 
728,441
810,714
 
728,460
808,902
   Subordinated debt held by unconsolidated subsidiary trusts
 
102,036
82,400
 
102,024
82,490
             
The following is a further description of the principal valuation methods used by the Company to estimate the fair values of its financial instruments.

 
Loans – Fair values for variable rate loans that reprice frequently are based on carrying values.  Fair values for fixed rate loans are estimated using expected discounted cash flows and interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality.

Deposits – The fair value of demand deposits, interest-bearing checking deposits, savings accounts and money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date.  The fair values of time deposit obligations are based on current market rates for similar products.

Borrowings – Fair values for long-term borrowings are estimated using discounted cash flows and interest rates currently being offered on similar borrowings.

Subordinated debt held by unconsolidated subsidiary trusts – The fair value of subordinated debt held by unconsolidated subsidiary trusts are estimated using discounted cash flows and interest rates currently being offered on similar securities.

Other financial assets and liabilities – Cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest receivable and accrued interest payable have fair values which approximate the respective carrying values because the instruments are payable on demand or have short-term maturities and present relatively low credit risk and interest rate risk..