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Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
1. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all majority-owned or controlled subsidiaries, and all significant intercompany transactions and amounts have been eliminated. References to "we," "our," and similar pronouns in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018 (this "Form 10-Q") refer to Cardinal Health, Inc. and its majority-owned or controlled subsidiaries unless the context requires otherwise.
Our fiscal year ends on June 30. References to fiscal 2018 and 2017 in these condensed consolidated financial statements are to the fiscal years ending or ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, respectively.
Our condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") instructions to Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and include the information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial reporting. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual amounts may differ from these estimated amounts. In our opinion, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements have been included. Except as disclosed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, all such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. In addition, financial results presented for this fiscal 2018 interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full fiscal year ending June 30, 2018. These condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and, accordingly, should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2017 (the "2017 Form 10-K").
Recent Financial Accounting Standards
In March 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued amended accounting guidance to codify guidance pursuant to SEC staff accounting bulletin 118 (“SAB 118”), which was issued in connection with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) of December 2017. The guidance allows companies to use provisional estimates to record the effects of the Tax Act and also provides a measurement period (not to exceed one year from the date of enactment) to complete the accounting for the impacts of the Tax Act. We adopted this guidance in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 when it was initially issued as SAB 118. We are still completing our accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act because all the necessary information is not currently available, prepared, or analyzed. As such, we have made reasonable estimates of the effects of the Tax Act on our financial results. As we complete our analysis of the accounting for the tax effects of enactment of the Tax Act, we may record additional provisional amounts or adjustments to provisional amounts as discrete items in future periods. See Note 8 for additional information regarding income taxes.
In August 2017, the FASB issued accounting guidance which is intended to improve and simplify accounting rules around hedge accounting. The guidance will be effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued amended accounting guidance that simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment by eliminating the step of measuring a goodwill impairment by estimating the implied fair value of goodwill. Instead, goodwill impairment will be measured as the amount by which the reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, limited to the carrying value of goodwill. We adopted this guidance in the second quarter of fiscal 2018. The adoption did not have an impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued amended accounting guidance that changed the accounting for certain aspects of share-based compensation to employees. The guidance requires all income tax effects of share-based awards to be recognized in the statement of earnings as awards vest or are settled. Additionally, the guidance increases the amount employers can withhold in shares to cover employee income taxes without requiring liability classification and allows a policy election for accounting for forfeitures. The primary impact of adoption is the recognition of excess tax benefits in the statement of earnings on a prospective basis, rather than as a component of equity. The impact on the presentation in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows is also prospective. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. The impact of adoption on the provision for/(benefit from) income taxes on our condensed consolidated statement of earnings was immaterial. The inclusion of excess tax benefits and deficiencies as a component of our income tax expense will increase volatility within our provision for/(benefit from) income taxes as the amount of excess tax benefits or deficiencies from share-based compensation awards depends on our stock price at the date the awards vest or settle.
In February 2016, the FASB issued amended accounting guidance that requires lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet as a lease liability and corresponding right-of-use asset. The guidance also requires disclosures that meet the objective of enabling financial statement users to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. This guidance will be effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, with early adoption permitted. The majority of our lease spend relates to certain real estate with the remaining lease spend primarily related to equipment. We are continuing to evaluate the impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements and the methods of adoption.
In May 2014, the FASB issued amended accounting guidance related to revenue recognition which is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. This guidance is based on the principle that revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for the transfer of goods or services to customers. The guidance also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The FASB also subsequently issued several amendments to the standard, including clarification on principal versus agent considerations, performance obligations and licensing, and certain scope improvements and practical expedients.
During fiscal 2018 we have made significant progress on our evaluation and assessment of the amended revenue recognition guidance. Our revenue is primarily distribution revenue, which we recognize at a point in time when title transfers to customers and we have no further obligation to provide services related to such merchandise. Although our preliminary assessment is subject to change prior to our adoption of the amended guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, we generally anticipate that the timing of recognition of distribution revenue will be substantially unchanged under the amended guidance and we do not expect the adoption of the amended accounting guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
During the remainder of fiscal 2018 we will implement any additional required changes to processes to meet the new accounting, reporting and disclosure requirements, conclude the update of our internal controls and policies, and finalize our method of adoption.