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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
6. Income Taxes
Fluctuations in our provision for income taxes as a percentage of pretax earnings (“effective tax rate”) are due to changes in international and U.S. state effective tax rates resulting from our business mix and discrete items.
During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the effective tax rate was 32.3 percent and 36.9 percent, respectively.
During the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the effective tax rate was 34.4 percent and 35.5 percent, respectively.
At March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2016, we had $394 million and $527 million of unrecognized tax benefits, respectively. The March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2016, balances include $258 million and $355 million of unrecognized tax benefits, respectively, that if recognized, would have an impact on the effective tax rate.
At March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2016, we had $105 million and $145 million, respectively, accrued for the payment of interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, which we recognize in the provision for income taxes in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. These balances are gross amounts before any tax benefits and are included in deferred income taxes and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
It is reasonably possible that there could be a change in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months due to activities of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") or other taxing authorities, possible settlement of audit issues, reassessment of existing unrecognized tax benefits or the expiration of statutes of limitations. We estimate that the range of the possible change in unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months is between zero and a net decrease of $45 million, exclusive of penalties and interest.
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various U.S. state jurisdictions and various foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, we are subject to audit by taxing authorities for fiscal years 2008 through the current fiscal year.
During the nine months ended March 31, 2017, the IRS closed audits of fiscal years 2006 and 2007, which is reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements and in our evaluation of uncertain tax positions. The result of the settlement had an immaterial impact to our provision for income taxes. The IRS is currently conducting audits of fiscal years 2008 through 2014.
We are a party to a tax matters agreement with CareFusion Corporation ("CareFusion"), which has been acquired by Becton, Dickinson and Company. Under the tax matters agreement, CareFusion is obligated to indemnify us for certain tax exposures and transaction taxes prior to our fiscal 2010 spin-off of CareFusion. The indemnification receivable was $140 million and $172 million at March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2016, respectively, and is included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.