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BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

3 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

10. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

The Company accounts for acquisitions in accordance with guidance found in ASC 805, Business Combinations. The guidance requires consideration given, including contingent consideration, assets acquired, and liabilities assumed to be valued at their fair market values at the acquisition date. The guidance further provides that: (1) in-process research and development will be recorded at fair value as an indefinite-lived intangible asset; (2) acquisition costs will generally be expensed as incurred, (3) restructuring costs associated with a business combination will generally be expensed subsequent to the acquisition date; and (4) changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date generally will affect income tax expense. ASC 805 requires that any excess of purchase price over fair value of assets acquired, including identifiable intangibles and liabilities assumed, be recognized as goodwill.

HistoTox Labs acquisition

Overview

On April 30, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of HistoTox Labs, Inc. (“HistoTox Labs”). HistoTox Labs is a provider of services in connection with non-clinical consulting, laboratory and strategic support services and products related to routine and specialized histology, immunohistology, histopathology and image analysis/digital pathology. Consideration for the HistoTox Labs Acquisition consisted of $22,389 in cash, including $68 payable in net working capital adjustments.

HistoTox Labs, Bolder BioPATH and Plato BioPharma (discussed below) were combined into one business unit and recorded combined revenues of $9,316 and combined net income of $1,830 for the three month periods ending December 31, 2021.

The valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed has not yet been finalized as of December 31, 2021. The purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to change, including the valuation of property and equipment, intangible assets, income taxes, goodwill, among other items. The amounts recognized will be finalized as the information necessary to complete the analysis is obtained, but no later than one year after the acquisition date. Finalization of the valuation during the measurement period could result in a change in the amounts recorded for the acquisition date fair value. This business is reported as part of our DSA reportable

segment. The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:


	Preliminary
	Allocation as of
	December 31, 2021
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Accounts receivable		982
Unbilled revenues		337
Operating lease ROU asset		2,239
Property and equipment		4,021
Intangible assets		8,500
Other Assets		25
Goodwill		9,129
Accounts payable		(132)
Accrued expenses		(266)
Customer advances		(207)
Operating lease liability		(2,239)
	$	22,389

Property and equipment is mostly composed of equipment (including lab equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment). The fair value of property and equipment was determined using a combination of cost and market-based methodologies. The fair value of property and equipment as of December 31, 2021 is based on preliminary assumptions which are subject to change as we complete our valuation procedures.

Intangible assets primarily relate to customer relationships and a non-compete agreement. The acquired definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over a weighted-average estimated useful life of approximately 8 years for customer relationships and 5 years for the non-compete agreement on a straight-line basis. The estimated fair values of identifiable intangible assets were determined using the "income approach," which is a valuation technique that provides an estimate of the fair value of an asset based on market participant expectations of the cash flows an asset would generate over its remaining useful life. Some of the significant assumptions inherent in the development of these asset valuations include the estimated net cash flows for each year for each asset or product (including revenues, cost of services, marketing, selling and administrative expenses, and contributory asset charges), the appropriate discount rate necessary to measure the risk inherent in each future cash flow stream, the life cycle of each asset, the potential regulatory and commercial success risk, and competitive trends impacting the asset and each cash flow stream, as well as other factors. The fair value of intangible assets as of December 31, 2021 is based on preliminary assumptions which are subject to change as we complete our valuation procedures.

Goodwill, which is derived from the enhanced scientific expertise, expanded client base and our ability to provide broader service solutions through a comprehensive portfolio, is recorded based on the amount by which the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired and is deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill from this transaction is allocated to the Company’s DSA reportable segment.

Bolder BioPATH acquisition

Overview

On May 3, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Bolder BioPATH in a merger of Bolder BioPATH with a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Bolder BioPATH is a provider of services specializing in in vivo models of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease as well as other autoimmune and inflammation models. Consideration for the Bolder BioPATH acquisition consisted of (i) $17,530 in cash, including net working capital adjustment receivable of approximately $970 and inclusive of $1,250 being held in escrow for purposes of securing any amounts payable by the selling parties on account of indemnification obligations, purchase price adjustments, and other amounts payable under the merger agreement, (ii) 1,588,235 of the Company’s common shares valued at $34,452 using the closing price of the Company’s common shares on May 3, 2021 and (iii) unsecured subordinated promissory notes payable to the former shareholders of Bolder BioPATH in an aggregate principal amount of $1,500. The promissory notes bear interest at a rate of 4.5% per annum, with monthly payments of principal and interest and a maturity date of May 1, 2026.

In accordance with ASC 805-740, the Company established a deferred tax liability with an offset to goodwill in connection with the accounting for the opening balance sheet of the Bolder BioPATH acquisition as a result of book-to-tax differences primarily related to the customer relationship intangible and property and equipment.

The valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed has not yet been finalized as of December 31, 2021. The purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to change, including the valuation of property and equipment, intangible assets, income taxes and goodwill, among other items. The amounts recognized will be finalized as the information necessary to complete the analysis is obtained, but no later than one year after the acquisition date. Finalization of the valuation during the measurement period could result in a change in the amounts recorded for the acquisition date fair value. This business is reported as part of our DSA reportable segment.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:


	Preliminary
	Allocation as of
	December 31, 2021
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Accounts receivable		2,258
Unbilled revenues		1,798
Prepaid expenses		6
Operating lease ROU asset		2,750
Property and equipment		6,609
Intangible asset		12,500
Other assets		70
Goodwill		36,223
Accounts payable		(159)
Accrued expenses		(294)
Deferred revenue		(662)
Deferred tax liability		(4,867)
Operating lease liability		(2,750)
	$	53,482

Property and equipment is mostly composed of equipment (including lab equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment). The fair value of property and equipment was determined using a combination of cost and market-based methodologies. The fair value of intangible assets as of December 31, 2021 is based on preliminary assumptions which are subject to change as we complete our valuation procedures.

Intangible assets primarily relate to customer relationships. The acquired definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over a weighted-average estimated useful life of approximately 8 years on a straight-line basis. The estimated fair values of identifiable intangible assets were determined using the "income approach," which is a valuation technique that provides an estimate of the fair value of an asset based on market participant expectations of the cash flows an asset would generate over its remaining useful life. Some of the significant assumptions inherent in the development of these asset valuations include the estimated net cash flows for each year for each asset or product (including revenues, cost of services, marketing, selling and administrative expenses, and contributory asset charges), the appropriate discount rate necessary to measure the risk inherent in each future cash flow stream, the life cycle of each asset, the potential regulatory and commercial success risk, and competitive trends impacting the asset and each cash flow stream, as well as other factors. The fair value of intangible assets as of December 31, 2021 is based on preliminary assumptions which are subject to change as we complete our valuation procedures.

Goodwill, which is derived from the enhanced scientific expertise, expanded client base and our ability to provide broader service solutions through a comprehensive portfolio, is recorded based on the amount by which the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired and none is deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill from this transaction is allocated to the Company’s DSA reportable segment.

Gateway acquisition

Overview

On August 2, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Gateway Pharmacology Laboratories LLC (“Gateway Laboratories”) to further expand its drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics technology and capability as well as expand service offerings to include in vitro solutions in pharmacology and toxicology early in drug discovery. Consideration for the Gateway Laboratories acquisition consisted of (i) $1,671 in cash, including working capital and subject to customary purchase price adjustments, and (ii) 45,323 of the Company’s common shares valued at $1,182 using the closing price of the Company’s common shares on August 2, 2021. This business is reported as part of our DSA reportable segment.

In accordance with ASC 805-740, the Company established a deferred tax liability with an offset to goodwill in connection with the accounting for the opening balance sheet of the Gateway Laboratories acquisition as a result of book-to-tax differences primarily related to the customer relationship intangible and property and equipment.

The valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed has not yet been finalized as of December 31, 2021. The purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to change, including the valuation of property and equipment, intangible assets, income taxes, and goodwill, among other items. The amounts recognized will be finalized as the information necessary to complete the analysis is obtained, but no later than one year after the acquisition date. Finalization of the valuation during the measurement period could result in a change in the amounts recorded for the acquisition date fair value.

Goodwill, which is derived from the enhanced scientific expertise, expanded client base and the Company’s ability to provide broader service solutions through a comprehensive portfolio, is recorded based on the amount by which the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired and none is deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill from this transaction is allocated to the Company’s DSA reportable segment.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:


	Preliminary
	Allocation as of
	December 31, 2021
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Accounts receivable		422
Operating lease ROU asset		120
Property and equipment		359
Intangible asset		100
Other assets		9
Goodwill		2,207
Accounts payable		(54)
Accrued expenses		(72)
Deferred tax liability		(118)
Operating lease liability		(120)
	$	2,853

BioReliance acquisition

Overview

On July 9, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of certain assets of BioReliance Corporation (“BioReliance”) to further expand its service offerings to include in genetic toxicology services. The assets acquired consisted of fixed assets and an intangible asset related to customer relationships. The Company accounted for the transaction as a business combination as it was determined that the transaction included inputs and substantive processes capable of producing outputs which constitute a business. Consideration for the BioReliance acquisition consisted of (i) $175 in cash and (ii) 10% of net sales through December 2023 derived from the provision by the Company of services comprising the business to existing customers related to the intangible asset acquired. The Company estimated the fair value of 10% of net sales and recorded a contingent consideration liability of $640 in the consolidated balance sheets for the year ended September 30, 2021. The $175 consideration payable was included in accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheets for the year ended September 30, 2021 and subsequently paid in the first quarter of fiscal 2022.

The valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed has not yet been finalized as of December 31, 2021. The purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to change, including the valuation of property and equipment and intangible assets. The amounts recognized will be finalized as the information necessary to complete the analysis is obtained, but no later than one year after the acquisition date. Finalization of the valuation during the measurement period could result in a change in the amounts recorded for the acquisition date fair value. This business is reported as part of our DSA reportable segment.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:


	Preliminary
	Allocation as of
	December 31, 2021
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Property and equipment		175
Intangible asset		640
	$	815

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had approximately $640 of contingent consideration related to the BioReliance acquisition that is subject to fair value measurement on a recurring basis as it includes unobservable and significant inputs in the determination of the fair value. The fair value of the contingent consideration related to BioReliance was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis and level 3 inputs including projections representative of a market participant view for net sales through December 2023 and an estimated discount rate. The amount to be paid is calculated as a percentage of net sales as described above.

Plato BioPharma acquisition

Overview

On October 4, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Plato BioPharma, Inc. (“Plato”) to expand its market reach in early-stage drug discovery. Consideration for the Plato acquisition consisted of (i) $10,462 in cash, including working capital and subject to customary purchase price adjustments, (ii) 57,587 of the Company’s common shares valued at $1,776 using the closing price of the Company’s common shares on October 4, 2021 and (iii) a $3,000 seller note.

The valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed has not yet been finalized as of December 31, 2021. The purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to change, including the valuation of property and equipment, intangible assets, income taxes, goodwill and net working capital among other items. The amounts recognized will be finalized as the information necessary to complete the analysis is obtained, but no later than one year after the acquisition date. Finalization of the valuation during the measurement period could result in a change in the amounts recorded for the acquisition date fair value. This business is reported as part of our DSA reportable segment.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:


	Preliminary
	Allocation as of
	December 31, 2021
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Cash		1,027
Accounts receivable		842
Property and equipment		1,148
Operating lease ROU asset		2,582
Intangible asset		5,100
Goodwill		8,898
Operating lease liability		(2,566)
Other liabilities, net		(242)
Deferred tax liability		(1,551)
	$	15,238

Envigo RMS Holding Corp acquisition

Overview

On November 5, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Envigo RMS Holding Corp. (“Envigo”) by merger of a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company with and into Envigo to expand its market reach in early-stage drug discovery. The aggregate consideration paid to the holders of outstanding capital stock in Envigo in the merger consisted of cash of $218,205, including adjustments for net working capital, and 8,245,918 of the Company’s common shares valued at $439,590 using the opening price of the Company’s common shares on November 5, 2021. In addition, the Company assumed certain outstanding Envigo stock options, including both vested and unvested options, that were converted in the right to purchase 790,620 Company common shares at an exercise price of $9.93 per share. The stock options were valued at $44.80 per option utilizing a Black-Scholes option valuation model with the inputs below. The total value of options issued of $35,418, of which $18,242 was excluded from the purchase price as those options were determined to be post-combination expense. The previously vested stock options are reflected as purchase consideration of approximately $17,176.


Stock price			53.31
Strike price			9.93
Volatility			75.93%
Expected term			3.05
Risk-free rate			0.62%

The Company recognized transaction costs related to the acquisition of Envigo of $8,491 for the three months ended December 31, 2021. These costs were associated with legal and professional services related to the acquisition and are reflected within other operating expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations.

The valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed has not yet been finalized as of December 31, 2021. The purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to change, including the valuation of property and equipment, inventory, intangible assets, income taxes, goodwill, and the finalization of net working capital, among other items. The amounts recognized will be finalized as the information necessary to complete the analysis is obtained, but no later than one year after the acquisition date. Finalization of the valuation during the measurement period could result in a change in the amounts recorded for the acquisition date fair value. This business is reported as part of our RMS reportable segment.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:


	Preliminary
	Allocation as of
	December 31, 2021
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Cash		3,287
Trade receivables and contract assets		44,734
Inventory		35,739
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		18,758
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		7,231
Property and equipment		80,712
Other assets		9,078
Intangible asset		184,000
Goodwill		390,037
Accounts payable		(17,743)
Fees invoiced in advance		(7,283)
Current portion on long-term operating lease		(2,600)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		(25,884)
Long-term operating leases, net		(4,631)
Long-term deferred tax liabilities		(41,379)
Non-controlling interest		915
	$	674,971

Robinson Services, Inc. acquisition

Overview

On December 29, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of the rabbit breeding and supply business of Robinson Services, Inc. (“RSI”). The acquisition is another step in Inotiv’s strategic plan for building its RMS business and will be reported in the RMS reporting segment. The aggregate consideration paid in the transaction consisted of cash consideration of $3,250 and 70,633 of the Company’s common shares valued at $2,898 using the closing price of the Company’s common shares on December 29, 2021.

The valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed has not yet been finalized as of December 31, 2021. The purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to change, including the valuation of intangible assets, non-compete agreement, supply agreement and goodwill. The amounts recognized will be finalized as the information necessary to complete the analysis is obtained, but no later than one year after the acquisition date. Finalization of the valuation during the measurement period could result in a change in the amounts recorded for the acquisition date fair value. This business is reported as part of our RMS reportable segment.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:


	Preliminary
	Allocation as of
	December 31, 2021
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Customer relationship		4,700
Non-complete agreement		300
Supply agreement		200
Goodwill		948
	$	6,148

Pro Forma Results

The Company’s unaudited pro forma results of operations for the three months ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, assuming Envigo acquisition had occurred as of October 1, 2020 are presented for comparative purposes below. These amounts are based on available information of the results of operations of Envigo operations prior to the acquisition date and are not necessarily indicative of what the results of operations would have been had the acquisitions and the merger been completed on October 1, 2020.

The unaudited pro forma information is as follows:


	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	December 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Total revenues	$	111,025	$	89,077

Net income (loss)		(85,841)		(35,324)