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Major Components of Investment Securities Portfolio (Parenthetical) (Detail) (USD $)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Dec. 31, 2010
Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 611,824,000 [1] 391,247,000 [1]
Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 124,121,000 [2] 111,843,000 [2]
Fair value accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 987,000 [3] 981,000 [3]
Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 68,252,000 [4] 67,031,000 [4]
Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Number of investments 329 343
Non-marketable securities 145,007,000 [5] 110,466,000 [5]
Cost method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 19,355,000 12,120,000
Upper Limit | Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 5.00% 5.00%
Other private equity fund | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 11,367,000 [6] 8,378,000 [6]
Percentage of ownership 58.20% [6],[7] 60.60% [6]
SVB Capital-NT Growth Partners, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 43,958,000 28,624,000
Percentage of ownership 33.00% [7] 33.00%
SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 42,580,000 23,071,000
Percentage of ownership 20.00% [7] 20.00%
SVB Strategic Investors Fund, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 39,567,000 44,722,000
Percentage of ownership 12.60% [7] 12.60%
SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 122,619,000 94,694,000
Percentage of ownership 8.60% [7] 8.60%
SVB Strategic Investors Fund III, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 218,429,000 146,613,000
Percentage of ownership 5.90% [7] 5.90%
SVB Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 122,076,000 40,639,000
Percentage of ownership 5.00% [7] 5.00%
SVB Strategic Investors Fund V, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 8,838,000  
Percentage of ownership 0.30%  
SVB Capital Partners II, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 2,390,000 [8] 4,506,000 [8]
Percentage of ownership 5.10% [8] 5.10% [8]
SVB Capital Partners II, LP | Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 61,099,000 [8] 51,545,000 [8]
Percentage of ownership 5.10% [8] 5.10% [8]
Silicon Valley BancVentures, LP | Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 17,878,000 21,371,000
Percentage of ownership 10.70% 10.70%
SVB India Capital Partners I, LP | Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 42,832,000 38,927,000
Percentage of ownership 14.40% 14.40%
SVB Capital Shanghai Yangpu Venture Capital Fund | Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 2,312,000  
Percentage of ownership 6.80%  
Partners for Growth, LP | Lower Limit | Fair value accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 50.00%  
Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 9.30% [9] 9.30% [9]
Non-marketable securities 16,072,000 [9] 17,826,000 [9]
Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 15.50% [10] 15.50% [10]
Non-marketable securities 19,328,000 [10] 12,101,000 [10]
Partners for Growth II, LP | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 24.20% 24.20%
Non-marketable securities 3,785,000 10,465,000
Other investment | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 29,067,000 26,639,000
Direct ownership interest | Other private equity fund | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 41.50%  
Direct ownership interest | SVB Capital Partners II, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 1.30%  
Direct ownership interest | SVB Capital Partners II, LP | Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 1.30%  
Direct ownership interest | Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 4.80%  
Direct ownership interest | Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 11.50%  
Indirect ownership interest | SVB Capital-NT Growth Partners, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 12.60%  
Indirect ownership interest | SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 4.10%  
Indirect ownership interest | SVB Capital Partners II, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 3.80%  
Indirect ownership interest | SVB Capital Partners II, LP | Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 3.80%  
Indirect ownership interest | Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 4.50%  
Indirect ownership interest | Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 4.00%  
Temporarily Impaired Securities | Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Number of investments 329  
Other Than Temporarily Impaired Securities | Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Recognized other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") losses 1,000,000  
Number of impaired investments 41  
Securities Not Related to Other Than Temporary Impairments | Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Number of investments for which no OTTI was required 288  
Carrying Amount | Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 145,000,000  
Estimated Fair Value | Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 163,700,000  
[1] The following table shows the amount of venture capital and private equity fund investments by the following consolidated funds and our ownership of each fund at December 31, 2011 and 2010: December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 (Dollars in thousands) Amount Ownership % Amount Ownership % SVB Strategic Investors Fund, LP $ 39,567 12.6 % $ 44,722 12.6 % SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP 122,619 8.6 94,694 8.6 SVB Strategic Investors Fund III, LP 218,429 5.9 146,613 5.9 SVB Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP 122,076 5.0 40,639 5.0 Strategic Investors Fund V, LP 8,838 0.3 - - SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP 42,580 20.0 23,071 20.0 SVB Capital-NT Growth Partners, LP 43,958 33.0 28,624 33.0 SVB Capital Partners II, LP (i) 2,390 5.1 4,506 5.1 Other private equity fund (ii) 11,367 58.2 8,378 60.6 Total venture capital and private equity fund investments $ 611,824 $ 391,247 (i) At December 31, 2011, we had a direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent in the fund through our ownership of SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP. (ii) At December 31, 2011, we had a direct ownership interest of 41.5 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 12.6 percent and 4.1 percent in the fund through our ownership interests of SVB Capital-NT Growth Partners, LP and SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP, respectively.
[2] The following table shows the amount of other venture capital investments by the following consolidated funds and our ownership of each fund at December 31, 2011 and 2010: December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 (Dollars in thousands) Amount Ownership % Amount Ownership % Silicon Valley BancVentures, LP $ 17,878 10.7 % $ 21,371 10.7 % SVB Capital Partners II, LP (i) 61,099 5.1 51,545 5.1 SVB India Capital Partners I, LP 42,832 14.4 38,927 14.4 SVB Capital Shanghai Yangpu Venture Capital Fund 2,312 6.8 - - Total other venture capital investments $ 124,121 $ 111,843 (i) At December 31, 2011, we had a direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent in the fund through our ownership of SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP.
[3] Other investments within non-marketable securities (fair value accounting) include our ownership in Partners for Growth, LP, a consolidated debt fund. At December 31, 2011 we had a majority ownership interest of slightly more than 50.0 % in the fund. Partners for Growth, LP is managed by a third party and we do not have an ownership interest in the general partner of this fund.
[4] The following table shows the carrying value and our ownership percentage of each investment at December 31, 2011 and 2010: December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 (Dollars in thousands) Amount Ownership % Amount Ownership % Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP (i) $ 16,072 9.3 % $ 17,826 9.3 % Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP (ii) 19,328 15.5 12,101 15.5 Partners for Growth II, LP 3,785 24.2 10,465 24.2 Other investments 29,067 N/A 26,639 N/A Total other investments $ 68,252 $ 67,031 (i) At December 31, 2011, we had a direct ownership interest of 4.8 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in GHLLC of 4.5 percent. Our aggregate direct and indirect ownership in the fund is 9.3 percent. (ii) At December 31, 2011, we had a direct ownership interest of 11.5 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in Gold Hill Capital 2008, LLC of 4.0 percent. Our aggregate direct and indirect ownership in the fund is 15.5 percent.
[5] Represents investments in 329 and 343 funds (primarily venture capital funds) at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, where our ownership interest is less than 5% of the voting interests of each such fund and in which we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the partnerships operating and financial policies. For the year ended December 31, 2011, we recognized other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") losses of $1.0 million resulting from other-than-temporary declines in value for 41 of the 329 investments. The OTTI losses are included in net gains (losses) on investment securities, a component of noninterest income. For the remaining 288 investments at December 31, 2011, we concluded that declines in value, if any, were temporary and as such, no OTTI was required to be recognized. At December 31, 2011, the carrying value of these venture capital and private equity fund investments (cost method accounting) was $145.0 million, and the estimated fair value was $163.7 million.
[6] At December 31, 2011, we had a direct ownership interest of 41.5 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 12.6 percent and 4.1 percent in the fund through our ownership interests of SVB Capital-NT Growth Partners, LP and SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP, respectively.
[7] The general partners of these funds are owned and controlled by SVB Financial. The limited partners of these funds do not have substantive participating or kick-out rights. Therefore, these funds are consolidated and any gains or losses resulting from changes in the estimated fair value of the investments are recorded as investment gains or losses in our consolidated net income.
[8] At December 31, 2011, we had a direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent in the fund through our ownership of SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP.
[9] At December 31, 2011, we had a direct ownership interest of 4.8 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in GHLLC of 4.5 percent. Our aggregate direct and indirect ownership in the fund is 9.3 percent.
[10] At December 31, 2011, we had a direct ownership interest of 11.5 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in Gold Hill Capital 2008, LLC of 4.0 percent. Our aggregate direct and indirect ownership in the fund is 15.5 percent.