Segment Reporting - Segment Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	$ 1,167	$ 728	$ 2,249	$ 1,388
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	(196)	(35)	(207)	(54)
Noninterest income	362	761	879	1,505
Noninterest expense	(848)	(653)	(1,721)	(1,289)
Income before income tax expense	485	801	1,200	1,550
Total average loans, amortized cost	69,263	49,812	68,172	48,056
Total average assets	217,998	150,717	217,038	137,837
Total average deposits	192,067	133,760	191,396	122,248
Silicon Valley Bank
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Noninterest income	261	173	473	332
SVB Private
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Noninterest income	24	2	49	3
SVB Capital
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Noninterest income	(89)	175	(24)	244
SVB Securities
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Noninterest income	131	149	252	319
Operating segments | Silicon Valley Bank
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	979	707	1,886	1,318
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	(136)	(11)	(142)	(56)
Noninterest income	261	173	473	332
Noninterest expense	(370)	(304)	(767)	(580)
Income before income tax expense	734	565	1,450	1,014
Total average loans, amortized cost	54,121	41,689	53,183	39,964
Total average assets	181,087	130,844	179,524	119,415
Total average deposits	178,293	128,652	176,866	117,396
Operating segments | SVB Private
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	102	37	184	72
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	(10)	(5)	(12)	4
Noninterest income	24	2	49	3
Noninterest expense	(87)	(18)	(181)	(33)
Income before income tax expense	29	16	40	46
Total average loans, amortized cost	14,644	6,192	14,472	6,118
Total average assets	16,335	6,240	16,163	6,169
Total average deposits	13,151	4,243	13,780	3,895
Operating segments | SVB Capital
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	0	0	0	0
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	0	0	0	0
Noninterest income	(89)	175	(24)	244
Noninterest expense	(17)	(18)	(36)	(34)
Income before income tax expense	(106)	157	(60)	210
Total average loans, amortized cost	0	0	0	0
Total average assets	941	613	917	595
Total average deposits	0	0	0	0
Operating segments | SVB Securities
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	0	0	0	0
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	0	0	0	0
Noninterest income	131	149	252	319
Noninterest expense	(141)	(98)	(275)	(235)
Income before income tax expense	(10)	51	(23)	84
Total average loans, amortized cost	0	0	0	0
Total average assets	846	729	919	748
Total average deposits	0	0	0	0
Other Items
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	86	(16)	179	(2)
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	(50)	(19)	(53)	(2)
Noninterest income	35	262	129	607
Noninterest expense	(233)	(215)	(462)	(407)
Income before income tax expense	(162)	12	(207)	196
Total average loans, amortized cost	498	1,931	517	1,974
Total average assets	18,789	12,291	19,515	10,910
Total average deposits	$ 623	$ 865	$ 750	$ 957