Segment Reporting - Segment Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	$ 1,082	$ 660
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	(11)	(19)
Noninterest income	517	744
Noninterest expense	(873)	(636)
Income before income tax expense	715	749
Total average loans, amortized cost	67,070	46,281
Total average assets	216,068	124,815
Total average deposits	190,718	110,608
Silicon Valley Bank
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Noninterest income	212	159
SVB Private
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Noninterest income	25	1
SVB Capital
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Noninterest income	65	69
SVB Securities
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Noninterest income	121	170
Operating segments | Silicon Valley Bank
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	854	611
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	(7)	(45)
Noninterest income	212	159
Noninterest expense	(397)	(276)
Income before income tax expense	662	449
Total average loans, amortized cost	52,234	38,221
Total average assets	177,944	107,859
Total average deposits	175,424	106,016
Operating segments | SVB Private
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	81	35
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	(1)	9
Noninterest income	25	1
Noninterest expense	(94)	(15)
Income before income tax expense	11	30
Total average loans, amortized cost	14,298	6,043
Total average assets	15,987	6,097
Total average deposits	14,416	3,545
Operating segments | SVB Capital
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	0	0
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	0	0
Noninterest income	65	69
Noninterest expense	(20)	(16)
Income before income tax expense	45	53
Total average loans, amortized cost	0	0
Total average assets	892	577
Total average deposits	0	0
Operating segments | SVB Securities
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	0	0
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	0	0
Noninterest income	121	170
Noninterest expense	(134)	(136)
Income before income tax expense	(13)	34
Total average loans, amortized cost	0	0
Total average assets	993	767
Total average deposits	0	0
Other Items
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net interest income	147	14
(Provision for) reduction of credit losses	(3)	17
Noninterest income	94	345
Noninterest expense	(228)	(193)
Income before income tax expense	10	183
Total average loans, amortized cost	538	2,017
Total average assets	20,252	9,515
Total average deposits	$ 878	$ 1,047