SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bovie and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Aaron Medical Industries, Inc., Bovie Bulgaria, EOOD, BVX Holdings LLC and Bovie Holdings, Inc., (collectively, the “Company” or “we”, “our” or “us”). All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. The reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period may be affected by the estimates and assumptions we are required to make.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Holdings of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments and Concentration of Credit Risk

The carrying amounts of our financial instruments included in current assets and liabilities approximate fair value due to their short term nature. In addition, we believe the book values of our mortgage payable and capital lease payable approximates their fair values as the terms of such obligations approximate the terms at which similar types of borrowing arrangements could be currently obtained.

Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable. With respect to cash, we frequently maintain cash and cash equivalent balances in excess of federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Derivative Financial Instruments

We generally do not use derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to cash-flow risks or market risks. However, certain financial instruments, such as warrants, which are indexed to our common stock, are classified as liabilities when either (a) the holder possesses rights to net-cash settlement or (b) physical or net-share settlement is not within our control. In such instances, net-cash settlement is assumed for financial accounting and reporting purposes, even if the terms of the underlying contracts do not always provide for net-cash settlement. Such financial instruments are initially recorded and continuously carried, at fair value.

Determining the fair value of these instruments involves judgment and the use of certain relevant assumptions including, but not limited to, interest rate risk, historical volatility and stock price, estimated life of the derivative, anti-dilution provisions and conversion/redemption privileges. The use of different assumptions or changes in those assumptions could have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Our credit terms for our billings range from net 10 days to net 60 days, depending on the customer agreement. Accounts receivable are determined to be past due if payments are not made in accordance with such agreements and an allowance is generally recorded for accounts that become three months past due, or sooner if there are other indicators that the receivables may not be recovered. Customary collection efforts are initiated and receivables are written off when we determine they are not collectible and abandon these collection efforts. We gave negotiated sales volume discounts, which amounted to approximately $0.5 million, $0.6 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Sales are reported net of all discounts.

We evaluate the allowance for doubtful accounts on a regular basis for adequacy based upon our periodic review of the collectability of the receivables in light of historical experience, adverse situations that may affect our customers’ ability to pay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. Management believes that the allowances for doubtful accounts of approximately $0.2 million and $0.1 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, are, or were, adequate to provide for possible bad debts.

Inventories and Repair Parts

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined on a first in, first out basis. Finished goods and work-in-process inventories include material, labor and overhead costs. Factory overhead costs are allocated to inventory manufactured in-house based upon labor hours.

We monitor usage reports to determine if the carrying value of any items should be adjusted due to lack of demand for the item and adjust the inventory for estimated obsolescence or unusable inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation and amortization are provided for using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The amortization of leasehold improvements is based on the shorter of the lease term or the life of the improvement. Betterments and large improvements, which extend the life of the asset, are capitalized, whereas maintenance and repairs and small improvements are expensed as incurred. The estimated useful lives are: machinery and equipment, 3-10 years; buildings, 39 years; molds, 7-15 years and furniture and fixtures, 5-10 years.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of licenses, purchased technology and brand name and trademarks. The licenses and purchased technology are being amortized by the straight-line method over a 5-17 year period commencing with the date they were placed in service.

Brand name and trademark qualifies as an indefinite-lived intangible asset and is not subject to amortization. Intangibles with indefinite lives are analyzed for impairment annually or more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. If impaired, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value. Management concluded that the assigned value at December 31, 2017 of approximately $1.5 million was not impaired and is reasonable.

Valuation of Long-Lived Assets

We review long-lived assets for recoverability if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets may have been impaired. This circumstance exists when the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. In those cases an impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the assets’ carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Any impairment losses are not restored in the future if the fair value increases. At December 31, 2017, we believe the remaining carrying values of our long-lived assets are recoverable.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when title has been transferred to the customer, which is generally at the time of shipment or receipt by customer for FOB destination terms. The following policies apply to our major categories of revenue transactions:


•	The majority of our sales to customers are evidenced by firm purchase orders. Generally, title and the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customer when the product is shipped. Payment by the customer is due under fixed payment terms.


•	Product returns are only accepted at our discretion and in accordance with our “Returned Goods Policy”. Historically, the level of product returns has not been significant. We accrue for sales returns, rebates and allowances based upon an analysis of historical customer returns and credits, rebates, discounts and current market conditions.


•	Our terms of sale to customers generally do not include any obligations to perform future services. Limited warranties are generally provided for sales and provisions for warranty are provided at the time of product sale based upon an analysis of historical data.


•	Amounts billed to customers related to shipping and handling charges are included in sales.

Advertising Costs

All advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

Stock-Based Compensation

We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. FASB ASC 718 requires recognizing compensation costs for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors based upon the awards’ grant date fair value. The standard covers employee stock options, restricted stock and other equity awards. For stock options, we use a trinomial lattice option-pricing model to estimate the grant date fair value of stock option awards and recognize compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the awards’ vesting periods.

Litigation Contingencies

In accordance with authoritative guidance, we record a liability in our consolidated financial statements for these actions when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If the reasonable estimate of a known or probable loss is a range, and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other, the minimum amount of the range is accrued. If a loss is reasonably possible, but not known or probable, and can be reasonably estimated, the estimated loss or range of loss is disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. In most cases, significant judgment is required to estimate the amount and timing of a loss to be recorded.

Tax Effects of Stock-Based Compensation

We will only recognize a tax benefit from windfall tax deductions for stock-based awards in additional paid-in capital if an incremental tax benefit is realized after all other tax attributes currently available have been utilized.

Net (Loss) Earnings Per Common Share

We compute basic (loss) earnings attributable to common shareholders per share by dividing net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period. Diluted (loss) earnings per share attributable to common shareholders gives effect to all potential dilutive shares outstanding during the period. The number of dilutive shares is calculated using the treasury method which reduces the effective number of shares by the amount of shares we could purchase with the proceeds of assumed exercises.

Research and Development Costs

With the exception of development costs that are purchased from another enterprise and have alternative future use, research and development expenses are charged to operations as incurred.

Research and Development Costs for Others

For research and development activities that are partially or completely funded by other parties and when the obligation is incurred solely to perform contractual services, expenses are charged to cost of sales and all revenues resulting from such activities are shown as sales.

Income Taxes

We utilize the liability method of accounting for income taxes as set forth in FASB ASC 740. Under the liability method, deferred taxes are determined based on the temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using tax rates expected to be in effect during the years in which the basis differences reverse. Management evaluated the positive and negative evidence in determining the realizability of the net deferred tax asset. In determining the need for valuation allowance, we reviewed historic operating results, updated 2017 actual results, as well as future income forecasts based on the projections, management concluded that it was not more likely that the Company should realize its net deferred tax assets through future operating results and the reversal of taxable temporary differences.

If in the future we determine that we will be able to realize any of the net deferred tax assets, we will make adjustment to the valuation allowance, which would increase our income in the period that the determination is made.

We assess our income tax positions and record tax benefits for all years subject to examination based upon our evaluation of the facts, circumstances and information available as of the reporting date. For those tax positions where there is a greater than 50% likelihood that a tax benefit will be sustained, we have recorded the largest amount of tax benefit that may potentially be realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. For those income tax positions where there is less than 50% likelihood that a tax benefit will be sustained, no tax benefit has been recognized in the financial statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The purpose of this ASU is to reduce the cost and complexity of evaluating goodwill for impairment. It eliminates the need for entities to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill by assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. Under this ASU, an entity will perform its goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit's fair value. The new standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted, however we have chosen not to do so. The amendment is not expected to have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. The new guidance clarifies the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows, including debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, settlement of contingent consideration arising from a business combination, insurance settlement proceeds, and distributions from certain equity method investees. The new standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, however we have chosen not to do so. The amendment is not expected to have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In March 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09 Compensation-Stock Compensation - (Topic 718) Improvements to employee share-based payments accounting as part of simplicity initiatives. This update involves several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. Some of the areas for simplification apply only to nonpublic entities. For us, the amendments in this Update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. The amendment has not made a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In February 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The core principle of Topic 842 is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. ASU 2016-02 is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The guidance may be adopted prospectively or retrospectively and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09 (ASC 606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. ASU No. 2014-09 will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. The new standard is effective for us on January 1, 2018. Early adoption is not permitted. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. We performed an analysis and concluded that the amendment will not have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

ASU No. 2014-09 (ASC 606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers will become effective for us beginning with the first quarter of 2018, and we plan to adopt the new accounting standard using the modified retrospective transition approach. The modified retrospective transition approach will recognize any changes from the beginning of the year of initial application through retained earnings with no restatement of comparative periods. We will record revenue under ASC 606 at a single point in time, when control is transferred to the customer, which is consistent with past practice. We will continue to apply our current business processes, policies, systems and controls to support recognition and disclosure under the new standard. Based on the results of the evaluation, we have determined that the adoption of the new standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Application of the transition requirements of the new standard will not have a material impact on opening retained earnings.

No other new accounting pronouncement issued or effective during the fiscal year had or is expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or disclosures.