EX-99.4 6 a08-27466_1ex99d4.htm EX-99.4

Exhibit 99.4

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

 

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Vivendi Games, Inc.:

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Vivendi Games, Inc. (“Vivendi Games,” as described in Note 1) as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of operations, owner’s equity and comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of Vivendi Games’ management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of Vivendi Games’ internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Vivendi Games, Inc. as described in Note 1 as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

As more fully described in Note 2, beginning on January 1, 2006, Vivendi Games’ trade names were reclassified from finite to indefinite-lived assets and are no longer being amortized. In addition, Vivendi Games adopted SFAS No. 123(R) Share-Based Payment and began expensing share-based awards as of January 1, 2005.

 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

 

August 1, 2007

Los Angeles, California

 



 

Vivendi Games, Inc.

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

 

 

September 30,
2007

 

December 31,
2006

 

December 31,
2005

 

 

 

(unaudited)
(as adjusted)

 

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

40,000

 

$

67,969

 

$

32,439

 

Restricted cash

 

1,350

 

2,350

 

 

Accounts receivable, net of bad debt allowance and other allowances

 

105,691

 

210,861

 

148,835

 

Inventories

 

31,779

 

27,914

 

14,506

 

Capitalized software development costs, net

 

1,956

 

5,841

 

935

 

Royalties and license agreements, net

 

47,407

 

30,383

 

28,026

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

8,532

 

7,575

 

12,791

 

Deferred taxes

 

98,960

 

75,141

 

45,761

 

Total current assets

 

335,675

 

428,034

 

283,293

 

Royalties and license agreements, net

 

51,987

 

9,208

 

10,550

 

Property and equipment, net

 

121,866

 

115,959

 

52,742

 

Other intangibles, net

 

61,048

 

62,309

 

63,753

 

Goodwill

 

203,357

 

202,094

 

178,422

 

Other assets

 

8,239

 

6,680

 

2,976

 

Total assets

 

$

782,172

 

$

824,284

 

$

591,736

 

Liabilities and owner’s equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

41,998

 

$

60,862

 

$

35,213

 

Accrued expenses and other

 

270,803

 

261,652

 

163,551

 

Deferred revenues

 

200,360

 

116,696

 

87,864

 

Royalties payable

 

2,936

 

13,444

 

14,573

 

Total current liabilities

 

516,097

 

452,654

 

301,201

 

Deferred taxes

 

17,813

 

17,813

 

25,887

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

54,109

 

7,375

 

3,885

 

Total liabilities

 

588,019

 

477,842

 

330,973

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Owner’s equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock: $0.01 par value; Authorized—100,000 shares, issued and outstanding—800 shares

 

 

 

 

Additional paid in capital

 

614,133

 

614,133

 

618,127

 

Net payable to (receivable from) Vivendi and affiliated companies

 

(2,407

)

292,534

 

350,972

 

Accumulated deficit

 

(453,618

)

(594,290

)

(733,570

)

Accumulated other comprehensive income

 

36,045

 

34,065

 

25,234

 

Owner’s equity

 

194,153

 

346,442

 

260,763

 

Total liabilities and owner’s equity

 

$

782,172

 

$

824,284

 

$

591,736

 

 

See accompanying notes.

 

1



 

Vivendi Games, Inc.

 

Consolidated Statements of Operations

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(as adjusted)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Product sales, net of returns and allowances

 

$

283,247

 

$

217,523

 

$

469,034

 

$

483,839

 

$

555,033

 

Subscription revenues

 

569,552

 

344,029

 

502,326

 

270,174

 

566

 

Licensing revenues

 

33,605

 

30,447

 

42,278

 

18,806

 

5,000

 

Other revenues

 

9,630

 

3,808

 

4,018

 

7,506

 

6,820

 

Net sales

 

896,034

 

595,807

 

1,017,656

 

780,325

 

567,419

 

Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization)

 

233,410

 

153,694

 

321,349

 

304,028

 

337,224

 

Sales and marketing

 

108,165

 

79,842

 

149,865

 

140,745

 

130,960

 

Research and development

 

266,765

 

151,174

 

246,527

 

157,087

 

169,725

 

General and administrative

 

104,042

 

86,207

 

126,003

 

73,025

 

76,397

 

Amortization of capitalized software development costs

 

6,455

 

3,281

 

8,088

 

17,897

 

19,892

 

Depreciation expense and amortization of other intangibles

 

45,195

 

25,845

 

39,000

 

43,774

 

40,120

 

Restructuring costs

 

(704

)

3,817

 

4,383

 

1,700

 

45,692

 

Total operating expenses

 

763,328

 

503,860

 

895,215

 

738,256

 

820,010

 

Operating income (loss)

 

132,706

 

91,947

 

122,441

 

42,069

 

(252,591

)

Other expenses (income):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest, net (to Vivendi)

 

3,461

 

12,973

 

18,100

 

14,512

 

12,032

 

Interest, net

 

(498

)

(754

)

(813

)

587

 

16

 

Foreign currency exchange gain (loss)

 

(213

)

330

 

(1,751

)

(1,176

)

388

 

Other, net

 

848

 

24

 

871

 

(5,230

)

(1,181

)

Total other expenses

 

3,598

 

12,573

 

16,407

 

8,693

 

11,255

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

 

129,108

 

79,374

 

106,034

 

33,376

 

(263,846

)

Benefit (provision) for income taxes on a stand-alone basis

 

11,564

 

26,602

 

33,246

 

11,754

 

(10,413

)

Income (loss) from continuing operations

 

140,672

 

105,976

 

139,280

 

45,130

 

(274,259

)

Discontinued operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from discontinued operations (including gain on disposal of $4,138), net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

10,732

 

Income from discontinued operations

 

 

 

 

 

10,732

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

140,672

 

$

105,976

 

$

139,280

 

$

45,130

 

$

(263,527

)

 

See accompanying notes.

 

2



 

Vivendi Games, Inc.

 

Consolidated Statements of Owner’s Equity and Comprehensive Income

 

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

Additional
Paid in

 

Net Payable
(Receivable)

 

Accumulated

 

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive

 

Total
Owner’s

 

Total
Comprehensive

 

 

 

Shares

 

Amount

 

Capital

 

with Vivendi

 

Deficit

 

Income

 

Equity

 

Income

 

Balance at January 1, 2004 (audited)

 

800

 

$

 

$

618,127

 

$

346,072

 

$

(515,173

)

$

27,097

 

$

476,123

 

 

 

Net transfers to Vivendi

 

 

 

 

89,022

 

 

 

89,022

 

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

(263,527

)

 

(263,527

)

(263,527

)

Foreign currency translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

101

 

101

 

101

 

Balance at December 31, 2004 (audited)

 

800

 

 

618,127

 

435,094

 

(778,700

)

27,198

 

301,719

 

$

(263,426

)

Net transfers to Vivendi

 

 

 

 

(84,122

)

 

 

(84,122

)

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

45,130

 

 

45,130

 

45,130

 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,964

)

(1,964

)

(1,964

)

Balance at December 31, 2005 (audited)

 

800

 

 

618,127

 

350,972

 

(733,570

)

25,234

 

260,763

 

$

43,166

 

Net transfers to Vivendi

 

 

 

 

(58,438

)

 

 

(58,438

)

 

 

Reclassification of Vivendi stock options to liability awards

 

 

 

(3,994

)

 

 

 

(3,994

)

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

139,280

 

 

139,280

 

139,280

 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

8,831

 

8,831

 

8,831

 

Balance at December 31, 2006 (audited)

 

800

 

 

614,133

 

292,534

 

(594,290

)

34,065

 

346,442

 

$

148,111

 

Net transfers to Vivendi (unaudited)

 

 

 

 

(294,941

)

 

 

(294,941

)

 

 

Net income (unaudited, as adjusted)

 

 

 

 

 

140,672

 

 

140,672

 

140,672

 

Foreign currency translation adjustment (unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,980

 

1,980

 

1,980

 

Balance at September 30, 2007 (unaudited, as adjusted)

 

800

 

$

 

$

614,133

 

$

(2,407

)

$

(453,618

)

$

36,045

 

$

194,153

 

$

142,652

 

 

See accompanying notes.

 

3



 

Vivendi Games, Inc.

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(as adjusted)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

140,672

 

$

105,976

 

$

139,280

 

$

45,130

 

$

(263,527

)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation expense and amortization of other intangibles

 

45,195

 

25,845

 

39,000

 

43,774

 

40,120

 

Amortization of capitalized software development costs

 

6,455

 

3,281

 

8,088

 

17,897

 

19,892

 

Gain (loss) on disposal of fixed assets

 

1,014

 

(596

)

961

 

(10

)

212

 

Gain from sale of businesses

 

 

 

 

(4,448

)

(4,138

)

Non cash stock-based compensation expense

 

 

 

 

3,994

 

 

Deferred income taxes

 

(23,819

)

 

(38,115

)

(20,197

)

(1,598

)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

105,354

 

61,498

 

(43,847

)

132,564

 

71,445

 

Inventories

 

(3,092

)

(11,759

)

(12,380

)

6,648

 

22,765

 

Capitalized software development costs

 

(3,200

)

(7,067

)

(11,571

)

(6,692

)

(26,852

)

Royalties and license agreements, net

 

(59,380

)

(41,166

)

(994

)

8,425

 

59,725

 

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

(3,344

)

(2,357

)

2,072

 

4,186

 

(7,332

)

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other

 

30,396

 

(18,281

)

124,744

 

(49,946

)

47,297

 

Deferred revenue

 

82,827

 

20,313

 

26,226

 

57,835

 

27,714

 

Royalties payable

 

(10,508

)

(5,554

)

(1,185

)

(38,089

)

18,118

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

308,570

 

130,133

 

232,279

 

201,071

 

3,841

 

Investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase of property and equipment, net

 

(46,012

)

(73,043

)

(96,474

)

(36,600

)

(24,045

)

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

 

 

(17,703

)

(25,390

)

(67,560

)

 

Cash placed into escrow

 

 

(1,500

)

(2,350

)

 

 

Proceeds from sale of businesses

 

 

 

 

5,100

 

7,908

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(46,012

)

(92,246

)

(124,214

)

(99,060

)

(16,137

)

Financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payment of capital leases

 

 

(78

)

(78

)

(719

)

(1,699

)

Net cash transfers from (to) Vivendi and affiliated companies

 

(293,537

)

(31,757

)

(76,622

)

(115,994

)

45,100

 

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

 

(293,537

)

(31,835

)

(76,700

)

(116,713

)

43,401

 

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 

3,010

 

2,121

 

4,165

 

(3,208

)

1,418

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

(27,969

)

8,173

 

35,530

 

(17,910

)

32,523

 

Cash and cash equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of period

 

67,969

 

32,439

 

32,439

 

50,349

 

17,826

 

End of period

 

$

40,000

 

$

40,612

 

$

67,969

 

$

32,439

 

$

50,349

 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid, net of refunds, to taxing authorities during the period

 

$

18,783

 

$

8,955

 

$

7,707

 

$

4,502

 

$

2,294

 

Net cash paid to (received from) third parties for interest during the period

 

$

644

 

$

308

 

$

(654

)

$

189

 

$

446

 

 

See accompanying notes.

 

4



 

Vivendi Games, Inc.

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(Information subsequent to December 31, 2006 and pertaining to September 30, 2007 and the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 is unaudited)

 

1. Business Organization and Basis of Presentation

 

These consolidated financial statements represent the accounts of Vivendi Games, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Vivendi Games”) and Universal Interactive, Inc. (“UI”), which has historically been under the common control of Vivendi S.A. (“Vivendi”). During 2006, Vivendi transferred UI to Vivendi Games, at which time UI became a wholly owned subsidiary of Vivendi Games. The consolidated entity is known as “Vivendi Games,” and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Vivendi. Vivendi, a leader in entertainment with activities in music, TV, cinema, telecom, Internet and games, is listed on the compartment A of Eurolist, Euronext Paris S.A.

 

Vivendi Games is a global developer, publisher and distributor of multi-platform interactive entertainment. Through its division Blizzard Entertainment, Vivendi Games is a leader in terms of subscriber base and revenues generated in the subscription-based MMORPG category, and through Sierra Entertainment, it develops and distributes games for the personal computer (“PC”), console and handheld markets. Vivendi Games has recently entered the casual online and mobile gaming markets by establishing new divisions: Sierra Online and Vivendi Games Mobile.

 

Vivendi Games has development teams around the world and a pipeline of its own original and copyrighted material. Vivendi Games maintains relationships with strategic partners such as Universal Music Group, NBC Universal and 20th Century Fox.

 

Headquartered in Los Angeles, California, Vivendi Games is structured around two main divisions: Blizzard Entertainment and Sierra Entertainment (along with the recently created separate divisions Sierra Online and Vivendi Games Mobile). Vivendi Games also provides, through Sierra Entertainment, functional support services, such as global wholesale sales and operations and corporate support services, such as executive management, finance, legal and human resources, to all divisions in order to leverage economies of scale.

 

Although Vivendi Games is a wholly owned subsidiary of Vivendi, it operates its activities independently, through its various offices and locations, with limited operational reliance on Vivendi or Vivendi’s affiliates. Vivendi Games shares certain corporate support services rendered at the Vivendi level, mainly cash and tax management. Vivendi maintains a centralized cash management pool from which Vivendi Games borrows and lends cash on a daily basis. Vivendi charges Vivendi Games interest on the average net cash borrowings. Likewise, Vivendi manages its global tax situation for the benefit of the entire portfolio of its businesses. Vivendi Games is part of tax sharing agreements and consolidated returns in certain jurisdictions.

 

Blizzard Entertainment, Inc. (“Blizzard”)

 

Blizzard is headquartered in Irvine, California and is a development studio and publisher best known as the creator of World of Warcraft and the Diablo, StarCraft and Warcraft franchises. Blizzard distributes its products and generates revenues worldwide through various means: subscription revenues (which consist of fees from individuals playing World of Warcraft, Blizzard’s massively multi-player online game and other ancillary online revenues); licensing revenues from third-party companies who distribute World of Warcraft in China and Taiwan; and retail sales of physical “boxed” product.

 

In addition to the Irvine (California) head offices, Blizzard maintains offices in or around Austin (Texas), Paris (France), Cork (Ireland), Seoul (South Korea), Shanghai (China) and Taipei (Taiwan) to provide support to World of Warcraft players in their native language, to enhance online community management and to tailor all marketing initiatives to specific regions.

 

5



 

Sierra Entertainment (“Sierra”)

 

Sierra, headquartered in Los Angeles, California, is focused on the traditional PC, console and handheld game markets. Games are developed by internal and external studios. Sierra is focused on launching new original franchises, continuing to rejuvenate existing franchises, and improving its internal development capabilities to meet the standards for next generation technologies.

 

Sierra operates four integrated internal studios which provide development capabilities across numerous genres for gamers worldwide: High Moon Studios (San Diego, California), specializing in the development of third person action titles; Massive Entertainment (Malmö, Sweden), a developer in the real time strategy genre and creator of the recently released World in Conflict PC title; Radical Entertainment (Vancouver, B.C.), specializing in the creation of open world games, including Scarface: The World is Yours; and Swordfish Studios (Birmingham and Manchester, England), which focuses on developing first person action titles.

 

Sierra also provides services to the other operating divisions by handling global wholesale sales and operations. In North America, products are sold on a direct-to-retail basis to mass-market retailers, consumer electronics stores, discount warehouses, and game specialty stores. International activities are conducted through offices in the United Kingdom (“UK”), Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Australia. Products are sold internationally on a direct-to-retail basis, through Sierra’s wholly-owned subsidiaries and through third-party distributors.

 

New Divisions

 

During 2006 Vivendi Games initiated the launch of two new divisions to capture the opportunities arising from the growing casual game market. These divisions established their product portfolio either by: (a) leveraging existing intellectual properties from the Sierra controlled portfolio, (b) licensing properties from third parties or (c) creating new original intellectual properties. Games are mainly developed internally and, to a lesser extent, by third-party developers.

 

Sierra Online (“SOL”), headquartered in Los Angeles, California is focused on short and mid-session casual games, mainly playable on dedicated console Internet networks such as Xbox Live Arcade (“XBLA”) from Microsoft or on the Internet. Games are developed by internal studios and external developers.

 

Vivendi Games Mobile (“VGM”), headquartered close to Paris, France is focused on developing and distributing games playable on mobile phone handsets. Games are distributed by mobile phone carriers to the handsets of their respective mobile phone network subscribers on a pay-per-download or subscription basis, with VGM receiving a share of revenues from the carriers. Games are primarily distributed in North America, Europe and Australia.

 

Interim Financial Information

 

The interim consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 are unaudited and have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to state fairly the financial information set forth therein, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). Accordingly, these interim consolidated financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for a full year. All references to interim consolidated financial statements amounts are unaudited.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes reflect the historical results of the operations and financial position of certain entities under the common control of Vivendi that design, develop, publish, market, and distribute interactive entertainment software for personal computers and game console platforms. Vivendi

 

6



 

Games’ owner’s equity represents the difference between the identifiable assets and liabilities of these entities under Vivendi Games’ control and includes the net transfers between Vivendi Games and Vivendi and Vivendi’s affiliated companies, under the cash management pool agreement. The consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of owner’s equity and comprehensive income include certain expenses for corporate services and overhead that are allocated from or to Vivendi and its affiliated companies (see Note 11). These expenses have been allocated based on the specific nature of the expense and/or a formula, which management believes reasonably allocates expenses to or from Vivendi Games; however, such amounts may have been different had Vivendi Games operated as a separate stand-alone entity during the periods presented.

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Change in Accounting Principle

 

In the third quarter of 2008, the Company changed the manner in which it recognizes revenue associated with sales of The Burning Crusade expansion pack, released in January 2007 for its massively, multi-player, online game, World of Warcraft.  Prior to the Business Combination, Vivendi Games determined that the sale of an expansion pack was a separate deliverable with standalone value apart from the World of Warcraft license and the subscription to the online game. Pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force No. 00-21 Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables (“EITF No. 00-21”), Vivendi Games recognized revenue from the sale of an expansion pack upon delivery because it had standalone value and there was objective and reliable evidence of fair value for the subscription service.  As a result of the consummation of the Business Combination the Company changed its weighting of the factors considered in determining if sales of The Burning Crusade expansion pack have standalone value.  After considering the intended functionality of the expansion pack and the necessity of the World of Warcraft license and subscription service to the functionality of the expansion pack, the Company determined that it is preferable to conclude that the expansion packs do not have standalone value and to account for fees from sales of expansion packs over the remaining estimated useful life of the customer.  This method recognizes revenue over the period during which the customer is expected to utilize the intended full functionality of the expansion pack. The Company believes that it is preferable to recognize revenue from sales of expansion packs over the estimated remaining useful life of the customer, because this is consistent with the accounting for the World of Warcraft license and the evolution of accounting for on-line enabled video games in the console industry. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections” (“SFAS No. 154”), this change has been applied retrospectively to our consolidated financial statements for all prior periods.

 

In addition to the above, the Company also identified certain ancillary fees charged to World of Warcraft subscribers that had been recognized immediately rather than deferred over the estimated remaining subscription life.  Accordingly, the Company has also retrospectively adjusted subscription revenues for the year ended December 31, 2007, and such adjustments are immaterial to all periods presented.

 

As a result of these changes, cost of sales and amortization of capitalized software costs were also impacted, as cost of sales and software amortization are recognized in relation to the related revenues.  Additionally, Vivendi Games provides for estimated sales returns and price protection deductions to be taken by customers as a reduction to product sales, which is included within accrued liabilities. The effects of these changes were as follows:  (amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

September 30,
2007

 

September 30,
2007

 

 

 

(unaudited)
(as reported)

 

(unaudited)
(as adjusted)

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets:

 

 

 

 

 

Capitalized software development costs, net

 

$

854

 

$

1,956

 

Deferred taxes

 

75,141

 

98,960

 

Accrued expenses and other

 

284,325

 

270,803

 

Deferred revenues

 

125,435

 

200,360

 

Accumulated deficit

 

(417,136

)

(453,618

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated Statement of Operations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Product sales, net of returns and allowances

 

$

338,884

 

$

283,247

 

Subscription revenues

 

580,645

 

569,552

 

Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization)

 

238,737

 

233,410

 

Amortization of capitalized software development costs

 

7,557

 

6,455

 

Operating income (loss)

 

193,007

 

132,706

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

 

189,409

 

129,108

 

Benefit (provision) for income taxes on a stand-alone basis

 

(12,255

)

11,564

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

177,154

 

$

140,672

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

177,154

 

$

140,672

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of capitalized software development costs

 

7,557

 

6,455

 

Deferred taxes

 

 

(23,819

)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other

 

43,918

 

30,396

 

Deferred revenue

 

7,902

 

82,827

 

 

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Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period, including but not limited to sales returns and price protection, the collectibility of accounts receivable, the realizability of third party and internal capitalized software costs, valuation of deferred tax assets and the fair value of stock-based compensation. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are a reasonable approximation of fair value due to the short maturities of these instruments.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts and transactions of Vivendi Games as more fully described in Note 1. All material intercompany balances and transactions between the consolidated companies have been eliminated.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents include short-term highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. Significant amounts of cash balances are subsequently swept by Vivendi via the cash pooling agreement (see Note 11).

 

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Restricted Cash

 

As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, Vivendi Games had $1.35 million and $2.35 million, respectively, held in escrow accounts associated with certain businesses acquired during 2006. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, partial payment was released from escrow to the selling shareholders of the acquired businesses. Additional funds will be released from the escrow account after September 30, 2007, to either Vivendi Games or the sellers of the acquired businesses, depending on the sufficiency of the net working capital delivered at the time of acquisition, as defined, or the existence of acquired businesses liabilities that were not previously recorded within the working capital delivered. To the extent amounts are released from escrow to the sellers, additional goodwill will be recorded at the time of release.

 

Accounts Receivable, Sales Returns, Price Protection and Other Reserves

 

Accounts receivable consist principally of amounts owed by distributors, retail and mass marketing chains, software specialty retail chains, and computer superstores.

 

Vivendi Games may permit product returns from, or grant price protection to, Vivendi Games customers under certain conditions. In general, price protection refers to the circumstances when Vivendi Games elects to decrease the wholesale price of a product by a certain amount and, when granted and applicable, allows customers a credit against amounts owed by such customers with respect to open and/or future invoices. Vivendi Games has provided for the estimated amounts of returns and price-protection deductions to be taken by customers as a reduction to product sales and is included within accrued liabilities. The conditions Vivendi Games’ customers must meet to be granted the right to return products or price protection are, among other things, compliance with applicable payment terms, and consistent delivery of inventory and sell-through reports. Vivendi Games may also consider other factors, including the facilitation of slow-moving inventory and other market factors. Management must make estimates of potential future product returns and price protection related to current period product revenue. Vivendi Games estimates the amount of future returns and price protection for current period product revenue utilizing historical experience and information regarding inventory levels and the demand and acceptance of its products by the end consumer. The following factors are used to estimate the amount of future returns and price protection for a particular title: historical performance of titles in similar genres; historical performance of the hardware platform; historical performance of the brand; console hardware life cycle; Vivendi Games sales force and retail customer feedback; industry pricing; weeks of on-hand retail channel inventory; absolute quantity of on-hand retail channel inventory; warehouse on-hand inventory levels; the title’s recent sell-through history (if available); marketing trade programs; and competing titles. The relative importance of these factors varies among titles depending upon, among other items, genre, platform, seasonality, and sales strategy. Significant management judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with establishing the accrual for sales returns and price protection in any accounting period. Based upon historical experience, Vivendi Games believes the estimates are reasonable. However, actual returns and price protection could vary materially from accrual estimates due to a number of reasons including, among others, a lack of consumer acceptance of a title, the release in the same period of a similarly themed title by a competitor, or technological obsolescence due to the emergence of new hardware platforms. Material differences may result in the amount and timing of revenue for any period if factors or market conditions change or if management makes different judgments or utilizes different estimates in determining the accruals for sales returns and price protection. For example, a 1% change in the September 30, 2007 and the December 31, 2006 accrued sales returns and price protection would impact net sales for $0.4 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

 

In addition, Vivendi Games also provides co-operative advertising concessions, marketing development funds, volume discounts and front-end rebates to certain customers. These reserves are presented as a reduction to accounts receivable and were determined based on historical experience, budgeted customer allowances and existing commitments to customers. The ultimate amount of these deductions taken by customers could differ from Vivendi Games’ estimates and the difference could be material. As of September 30, 2007, December 31, 2006 and 2005, other allowances amounted to $23.5 million, $31.0 million and $10.6 million, respectively.

 

9



 

Vivendi Games extends credit to various companies in the retail and mass merchandising industry, and management has provided for the estimated accounts receivable that will remain uncollected. These estimates were based on an analysis of historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer creditworthiness, current economic trends and customers’ payment terms and their economic condition. Collection of trade receivables may be affected by changes in any of these criteria as well as economic or other industry conditions and may, accordingly, impact Vivendi Games’ overall credit risk. As of September 30, 2007, December 31, 2006 and 2005, bad debt allowances amounted to $7.5 million, $5.2 million and $9.0 million, respectively.

 

Vivendi Games’ top ten customers accounted for approximately 38% and 41% of the net accounts receivable at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and 24%, 29% and 38% of the net sales for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Of these top ten customers, no sales made to one customer accounted for more than 10% of Vivendi Games’ total net sales for all years presented. One customer had amounts outstanding, after allowances, at December 31, 2006, in excess of 10% of Vivendi Games’ net accounts receivable (13%), and no customer had amounts outstanding, after allowances, at December 31, 2005 and 2004, in excess of 10%. World of Warcraft, which was launched by Blizzard at the end of November 2004, accounted for approximately 84% (as adjusted) of total net sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to 72% of total net sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. World of Warcraft accounted for approximately 62% of total net sales in 2006, 48% of total net sales in 2005 and 2% of total net sales in 2004.

 

Inventories

 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (average cost) or market value. Costs include materials, capitalized production labor and all capitalizable operations overhead costs.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Property and equipment acquired as part of a business acquisition are stated at estimated fair market value at the date of purchase. Assets financed by leasing contracts that meet the requirements of a capital lease are capitalized at the present value of future minimum lease payments and amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful lives of the assets. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets and includes the amortization of assets acquired through leasing contracts.

 

The major categories and related estimated useful lives are as follows:

 

Computer equipment and software

 

3 years

Equipment

 

5 years

Furniture and fixtures

 

5 years

Leasehold improvements

 

Shorter of 7 years or life of lease

 

Major renewals and improvements are capitalized. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged to expense as incurred. When property is sold or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation is removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 

Capitalized Software Development Costs

 

Capitalized software development costs represent costs incurred in connection with the internal development of products. Vivendi Games accounts for capitalized software development costs in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 86, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed. Software development costs are capitalized once technological feasibility of a product is established and such costs are determined to be recoverable. Technological feasibility is evaluated on a product-by-product basis. Prior to a product’s release, Vivendi Games expenses capitalized costs when it believes such amounts

 

10



 

are not recoverable. Capitalized costs for those products that are cancelled or abandoned are charged to research and development expense in the period of cancellation. Amounts related to software development which are not capitalized are charged immediately to research and development expense. For many of the Vivendi Games’ internal development projects, technological feasibility has been determined to be achieved late in the development cycle. As a result, most software development costs are expensed as research and development costs, and not capitalized.

 

Capitalized software development costs are classified as current and non-current based upon the expected release date of the software titles. Capitalized software development costs are amortized on a product-by-product basis generally over a four-month period which commences in the month that the product is released, with a majority of the expense being recognized in the first month. Capitalized software costs related to World of Warcraft initial development were amortized straight-line over a ten-month period commencing on its first launch in November 2004.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, amortization expense of capitalized software development costs was $6.5 million (as adjusted) and $3.3 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, amortization expense of capitalized software development costs was $8.1 million, $17.9 million and $19.9 million, respectively.

 

Royalties and License Agreements

 

Royalties and license agreements consist primarily of prepayments made to independent software developers under development arrangements that have alternative future uses or are based on existing, proven game engine technology, as well as prepaid royalties and license fees paid to intellectual property rights holders for use of their trademarks, copyrights, software, or other intellectual property or proprietary rights in the development of Vivendi Games products. Depending upon the agreement with the rights holder, Vivendi Games may obtain the rights to use acquired intellectual property in multiple products over multiple years, or alternatively, for a single product. Royalties and license agreements are generally expensed to cost of sales based on contractual rates applied to actual net product sales. Royalties and license agreements are reviewed by Vivendi Games quarterly for recoverability. The recoverability of capitalized intellectual property license costs is evaluated based on the expected performance of the specific products in which the licensed trademark or copyright is to be used. If forecasted sales are less than that contractually guaranteed, royalty rates are increased. Royalties and license agreements are classified as current and non-current assets based upon the expected release date of the associated software titles.

 

Capitalized royalties and license costs are reviewed by Vivendi Games quarterly for recoverability. The recoverability of capitalized royalties and license costs are evaluated based on the expected performance of the specific products to which the costs relate. Criteria used to evaluate expected product performance include: historical performance of comparable products using comparable technology; orders for the product prior to its release; and estimated performance of a sequel product based on the performance of the product on which the sequel is based. Any capitalized royalties and license costs not considered recoverable are written-off. If titles are canceled prior to completion due to failure to meet Vivendi Games’ desired quality specifications, then amounts are charged to research and development costs. Additionally, any royalties and license agreement costs for games not yet released which are not considered recoverable are charged to research and development in the period of the change in estimate. Certain license agreements deemed to be “at risk” for full recoverability are recovered through amortization on a straight line basis over the term of the license.

 

Significant management judgments and estimates are utilized in the assessment of the recoverability of capitalized costs. In evaluating the recoverability of capitalized costs, the assessment of expected product performance utilizes forecasted sales amounts and estimates of additional costs to be incurred. If revised forecasted or actual product sales are less than and/or revised forecasted or actual costs are greater than the original forecasted amounts utilized in the initial recoverability analysis, the net realizable value may be lower than originally estimated in any given quarter, which could result in an impairment charge.

 

Canceled title write-offs, including both canceled titles and pre-release impairments, of $5.3 million were recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to none for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. Canceled title write-offs of $19.2 million, $17.7 million and $63.8 million were recorded for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. For all periods presented, canceled title write-offs were included in research and development costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 

11



 

Long-Lived Assets

 

Vivendi Games reviews long-lived assets, such as fixed assets and certain identifiable intangibles with finite lives, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Factors that could indicate the occurrence of such events or circumstances include current period operating or cash flow losses combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses, a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing operating or cash flow losses, or incurring costs in excess of amounts originally expected to acquire or construct an asset. If the asset is not recoverable, an impairment loss is recognized as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value, as defined in SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of (“SFAS No. 144”). No impairment was recorded during any period presented, as no specific triggering event occurred.

 

Other Intangibles

 

Other intangibles consist of acquired trade names, acquired developed software, and other intangibles related primarily to licensing activities. As of January 1, 2006, trade names were assessed as indefinite-lived assets (see goodwill and indefinite-lived assets below). As of September 30, 2007, other intangibles totaled $61.0 million (net of amortization of $219.6 million) and included the following: trade names ($52.5 million), acquired developed software ($5.4 million), and other intangibles ($3.1 million). As of December 31, 2006, other intangibles totaled $62.3 million (net of amortization of $215.6 million) and included the following: trade names ($52.6 million), acquired developed software ($6.2 million), and other intangibles ($3.5 million). As of December 31, 2005, other intangibles totaled $63.8 million (net of amortization of $436.9 million) and included the following: trade names ($52.3 million), acquired developed software ($8.2 million), and other intangibles ($3.3 million).

 

Acquired developed software and other intangibles are deemed to have a finite life and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the periods expected to be benefited (approximately three to five years). During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, Vivendi Games recorded amortization expense of $2.3 million and $1.7 million, respectively. During 2006, 2005 and 2004, Vivendi Games recorded amortization expense of $2.2 million, $4.0 million and $3.2 million, respectively. Amounts are included in depreciation expense and amortization of other intangibles within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Vivendi Games assesses impairment of other intangibles, other than trade names, in accordance with SFAS No. 144 and recognized no impairment loss during any period presented, as no specific triggering event occurred.

 

The estimated aggregate amortization expense to be recognized in the fourth quarter of 2007 and the next two years is approximately $1.3 million, $4.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively, after which all other definite-lived intangibles would be principally amortized in full.

 

Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Assets

 

Vivendi Games accounts for its goodwill in accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS No. 142”). SFAS No. 142 addresses financial accounting and reporting requirements for acquired goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives. Other than Vivendi Games’ trade names, which are included in other intangible assets above, management believes that all acquired identified intangible assets included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets have finite lives and are assessed for impairment under SFAS No. 144.

 

Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill is deemed to have an indefinite useful life. Further, goodwill and other indefinite lived assets (trade names) should not be amortized but rather tested at least annually for impairment. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of goodwill at each reporting unit, as defined by SFAS No. 142, exceeds its implied fair value. Other indefinite lived assets are assessed for impairment by comparing the fair value of the asset to its carrying amount, and to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, an impairment loss is recognized.

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 142, Vivendi Games does not amortize goodwill. Vivendi Games reviewed goodwill for impairment as of December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 and concluded that goodwill was not impaired. To review goodwill for impairment, goodwill is first allocated to its reporting unit in accordance with SFAS No. 142,

 

12



 

which corresponds to Vivendi Games’ operating divisions. Beginning on January 1, 2006, Vivendi Games’ chief operating decision makers began reviewing financial information separately for Vivendi Games’ operating divisions as described in Note 1. Accordingly, goodwill was re-allocated on January 1, 2006, to those four operating divisions based on their relative fair value. As of each of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, approximately 90% of Vivendi Games’ goodwill is allocated to Blizzard.

 

Prior to 2006, Vivendi Games amortized its trade names. Effective January 1, 2006, Vivendi Games determined that they had an indefinite life because there is no foreseeable limit on the period of time over which they are expected to contribute cash flows and ceased amortization. Trade names were assessed for impairment during the year ended December 31, 2006, and no impairment was recorded.

 

Vivendi Games has not recognized any impairment for goodwill or trade names for any period presented, as no specific triggering event occurred. During 2005 and 2004, Vivendi Games recognized amortization expense of $17.2 million and $22.2 million related to trade names, respectively, which was included in depreciation expense and amortization of other intangibles within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 

Income Taxes

 

Vivendi Games’ income taxes are presented as if it were a stand-alone taxpayer even though Vivendi Games’ operating results are included in the consolidated federal, and certain foreign, and state and local income tax returns of Vivendi or Vivendi’s subsidiaries. Vivendi manages its tax position for the benefit of the entire portfolio of its businesses, and as such, the calculation of Vivendi Games’ tax provision and related tax accounts herein may differ from those of Vivendi, and in addition, are not necessarily reflective of tax strategies Vivendi Games may have utilized if on a stand-alone basis.

 

Income taxes are accounted for under the assets and liabilities method of accounting in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (“SFAS No. 109”). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized with respect to the tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying values and tax basis of existing assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which these temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

 

Further, the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of changes in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

 

In accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinions (“APB”) No. 23, Accounting for Income Taxes—Special Areas, Vivendi Games has not provided for U.S. income taxes on undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries since it is management’s intention that undistributed earnings will be indefinitely reinvested in the foreign operations. Amounts at any period-end presented were not significant.

 

On January 1, 2007, Vivendi Games adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxesan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for the uncertainty in recognizing income taxes in an organization in accordance with SFAS No. 109 by providing detailed guidance for financial statement recognition, measurement and disclosure involving uncertain tax positions. FIN 48 requires an uncertain tax position to meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold at the effective date to be recognized both upon the adoption of FIN 48 and in subsequent periods. The adoption did not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

 

Vivendi Games recognizes penalties related to income tax matters as part of the provision for income taxes and interest is included within interest expense. Amounts recorded in periods presented are immaterial.

 

Derivatives

 

Other than share-based awards (see Note 8), Vivendi Games accounts for its derivative and hedging activities under SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 133”). The assets or

 

13



 

liabilities associated with its derivative instruments and hedging activities are recorded at fair value in other current assets or other current liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheets presented herein. The accounting for gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value depends on the use of the derivative and whether it is designated and qualifies for hedge accounting.

 

Vivendi Games transacts business in various foreign currencies and has significant international sales and expenses denominated in foreign currencies, subjecting Vivendi Games to foreign currency risk. Vivendi Games utilizes foreign exchange forward contracts to mitigate foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with foreign-currency-denominated assets and liabilities, primarily intercompany receivables and payables. The forward contracts generally have a contractual term of approximately one month; therefore, the fair value of the forward contracts generally is not significant at each month-end. Vivendi Games does not use foreign exchange forward contracts for speculative or trading purposes. None of Vivendi Games’ foreign exchange forward contracts were designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133. Accordingly, gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value of the forward contracts are reported as a component of foreign currency exchange gain (loss) within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. At September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 and 2005, outstanding foreign exchange forward contracts, principally hedge firm obligations, related to third-party development contracts, and forecasted operating cash flows in currencies other than Vivendi Games’ functional currency. The fair values of outstanding positions under these contracts are considered immaterial for all periods presented.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

The assets and liabilities of Vivendi Games’ foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates as of the balance sheet date, revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for the period, and equity balances are translated at the historical rate. Resulting translation adjustments are included in other comprehensive income, a component of owner’s equity.

 

Translation gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the consolidated statements of operations as incurred. Foreign currency exchange gain (loss) includes the effect of gains and losses recognized on foreign exchange forward contracts.

 

Other Comprehensive Income

 

Vivendi Games computes other comprehensive income, which is reported on the accompanying consolidated statements of owner’s equity and comprehensive income, pursuant to SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income. Total comprehensive income for Vivendi Games includes net income and foreign currency translation adjustments. For all periods presented, other comprehensive income is comprised only of foreign currency translation adjustments.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

We recognize revenues for the massively, multiplayer, online game World of Warcraft, its expansion packs and other ancillary services in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements, (“SAB No. 101”), as amended by Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition” (“SAB 104”).

 

We consider the World of Warcraft boxed product including expansion packs and other ancillary revenues as a single deliverable with the total arrangement consideration combined and recognized ratably as revenue over the estimated customer life beginning upon activation of the software and delivery of the services. Revenues attributed to the sale of World of Warcraft boxed software and related expansion packs are classified as Product Sales and revenues attributable to subscription and other ancillary services are classified as Subscription Revenues.

 

14



 

Product Sales

 

Vivendi Games recognizes revenue from the sale of its products upon the transfer of title and risk of loss to customers, net of estimated returns, price protection and other allowances. In addition, in order to recognize revenue for product sales, persuasive evidence of an arrangement must exist and collection of the related receivable must be probable. Revenue recognition also determines the timing of recognition of certain expenses. Where uncertainty about collectibility exists, Vivendi Games defers revenue recognition until collectibility of amounts owed is reasonably assured.  The element of revenues and related costs that relate to the World of Warcraft boxed software, including the sale of an expansion pack, is deferred and recognized ratably over the estimated customer life beginning upon activation of the software and delivery of the services. The interactive entertainment software industry is highly seasonal, with the highest levels of consumer demand and therefore product sales occurring during the calendar year-end holiday buying season. As a result, Vivendi Games’ net sales and operating income have historically been higher during the second half of the calendar year. Vivendi Games’ receivables and credit risks are likewise higher during the second half of the calendar year. The revenues from pay-per-downloads or subscriptions operated by third-party distributors for SOL and VGM are recognized upon receiving appropriate revenue statements from each distributor. These revenues are included in product sales. With the exception of World of Warcraft, some of Vivendi Games’ software products provide limited online features at no additional cost to the consumer. Generally, such features are considered to be incidental to the overall product offering and an inconsequential deliverable. Accordingly, Vivendi Games does not defer any revenue related to products containing these limited online features.

 

Subscription Revenues

 

 Subscription revenues are recognized in accordance with SAB No. 101, as amended by SAB No. 104. Subscription revenues are derived from World of Warcraft, a game that is playable through Blizzard’s servers on a subscription-only basis. After the first month of free usage that is included with the boxed software, the World of Warcraft end user may enter into a subscription agreement for additional access. Subscription revenues received are deferred and recognized as subscription revenues ratably over the subscription period. Revenue from the sale of prepaid cards, sold through retail outlets and other stores, is deferred and recognized as subscription revenue ratably beginning when the cards are first activated. Revenue from internet gaming rooms in Asia is recognized upon usage of the time packages sold. Ancillary revenues associated with subscriptions are recognized ratably over the estimated customer life.

 

Licensing Revenues

 

Third-party licensees in China and Taiwan distribute and host Blizzard’s World of Warcraft game in their respective countries under a license agreement with Blizzard. The licensees paid certain minimum, non-refundable, generally recoupable guaranteed royalties when entering into the licensing agreements. Upon receipt of the recoupable advances, Vivendi Games defers their recognition and recognizes the revenues in subsequent periods as these advances are recouped by the licensees. As the licensees pay additional royalties above and beyond those initially advanced, Vivendi Games recognizes these additional royalties as revenues based on activation of the underlying prepaid time by the end users.

 

Other Revenues

 

Other revenues primarily include ancillary sales of non-software related products. It includes licensing activity of intellectual property other than software (such as characters) to third-parties. Revenue is recorded upon receipt of licensee statements, or upon the receipt of cash, provided the license period has begun.

 

Taxes Assessed by Governmental Authorities

 

Vivendi Games accounts for taxes that are externally imposed on revenue producing transactions on a net basis, as a reduction to revenue.

 

15



 

Advertising Costs

 

Vivendi Games expenses advertising costs as incurred and has recorded approximately $73.4 million, $63.2 million and $58.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively, in sales and marketing expenses within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The classification of sales incentives offered such as cooperative advertising, marketing development fund claims, slotting fees and product placement between a reduction in net sales and marketing expenses is determined by Vivendi Games based on the criteria in EITF No. 01-09, Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendor’s Products).

 

During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, Vivendi Games has classified approximately $12.1 million, $8.1 million and $7.1 million, respectively, of cooperative advertising and product placement sales incentives as a reduction of net sales.

 

Shipping and Handling Costs

 

Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling costs are included in net sales. Shipping and handling costs that are incurred by Vivendi Games consist primarily of packaging and transportation charges for the movement of finished goods to customers. During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, Vivendi Games included $5.4 million, $5.3 million and $5.0 million, respectively, of shipping and handling costs as a component of sales and marketing expenses within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

Prior to 2005, Vivendi Games accounted for stock-based employee compensation arrangements in accordance with APB No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB No. 25”), and related interpretations, and complied with the disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock- Based Compensation (“SFAS No. 123”), as amended by SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation—Transition and Disclosure. Under APB No. 25, compensation expense is calculated as the difference between the fair value of the underlying Vivendi stock at the grant date and the strike price.

 

On January 1, 2005, Vivendi Games adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS No. 123(R)”) which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors based on estimated fair values. SFAS No. 123(R) supersedes Vivendi Games’ previous accounting under APB No. 25. Vivendi Games elected to adopt SFAS No. 123(R), as of January 1, 2005, using the modified prospective method.

 

As a result, Vivendi Games’ financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, and as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, reflect the impact of SFAS No. 123(R). In accordance with the modified prospective transition method, Vivendi Games’ financial statements for prior periods have not been restated to reflect, and do not include, the impact of SFAS No. 123(R). Had Vivendi Games applied the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) in 2004, the net loss would have been approximately $4.5 million greater.

 

SFAS No. 123(R) requires companies to estimate the fair value of share- based payment awards on the date of grant, and re-measure the fair value of liability awards at each reporting period, using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in Vivendi Games’ consolidated statements of operations.

 

Stock-based compensation expense recognized is based on the value of the portion of share-based payment awards that is ultimately expected to vest. Prior to 2007, Vivendi Games generally attributed the value of stock-based compensation to expense using the accelerated multi-tranche method (see Note 8). Beginning in 2007, Vivendi Games’ employees have been granted awards which cliff vest at the end of a three-year vesting period. Stock-based compensation expense relating to these stock options is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.

 

16



 

Restricted stock grants from Vivendi (including restricted stock units) are generally attributed to expense using the straight-line single option method. However, cash settled awards granted under the Blizzard 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Blizzard Equity Plan”) (see Note 8) are attributed to expense using the accelerated multi-tranche method, as they are subject to graded vesting.

 

Employee Benefit Plans

 

In accordance with the laws and practices of each country in which it operates, Vivendi Games (via Vivendi) and its employees (including those employees of Vivendi who are fully dedicated to Vivendi Games) participate in, or maintain employee benefit plans providing retirement pensions, postretirement health care, life insurance and post employment benefits (principally severances) to eligible employees, retirees and their beneficiaries. Retirement pensions are provided for substantially all employees through defined contribution plans, which are integrated with local Social Security and multi-employer plans. Vivendi’s funding policy is consistent with applicable government funding requirements and regulations of each country in which Vivendi maintains a pension plan.

 

3. Acquisitions and Dispositions

 

2006 Acquisitions

 

During 2006, Vivendi Games acquired the net assets or all of the common stock of several development studios located in Seattle, Washington; San Mateo, California; Santiago, Chile, and; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China. These studios develop interactive entertainment software products (games) and related technologies. The acquisitions were accounted for as purchases under SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations (“SFAS No. 141”). Results from operations are included in the consolidated statements of operations from the date of acquisition.

 

Total purchase consideration was approximately $25.4 million, all of which was paid in cash. The following net assets were recognized resulting from these acquisitions (amounts in thousands):

 

Goodwill

 

$

23,680

 

Acquired developed software

 

2,070

 

Property and equipment

 

700

 

Other non-current assets

 

30

 

Current net assets

 

1,200

 

Non-current deferred tax liabilities and other non-current liabilities

 

(2,290

)

Total Net Assets Recognized

 

$

25,390

 

 

Acquired developed software is being amortized over three years. Of the acquired goodwill, $9.2 million is tax deductible. Prior to the studio acquisitions, Vivendi Games had entered into certain development and licensing agreements with certain of the studios. These agreements were terminated in connection with these acquisitions.

 

Additional consideration of up to $2.0 million may be payable to the former owners of the development studios acquired in 2006 based on future performance, as defined in each applicable acquisition agreement, through December 2008. Amounts will be paid if certain financial targets are achieved. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, $0.9 million had been accrued as additional consideration and recorded as compensation expense. As of September 30, 2007, the additional purchase consideration remains subject to the achievement of future financial targets contingencies.

 

2005 Acquisitions

 

During 2005, Vivendi Games acquired the net assets or all of the common stock of several development studios located in Canada, the U.S., and the U.K. These studios develop interactive entertainment software products (games) and related technologies. These acquisitions were accounted for as purchases under SFAS No. 141. Results from operations are included in the consolidated statements of operations from the date of acquisition.

 

17



 

Total purchase consideration was approximately $67.6 million, all of which was paid in cash. The following net assets were recognized resulting from these acquisitions (amounts in thousands):

 

Goodwill

 

$

46,000

 

Acquired developed software

 

9,560

 

Property and equipment

 

4,100

 

Other non-current assets

 

70

 

Contract termination (immediately charged to earnings)

 

1,000

 

Current net assets

 

9,350

 

Non-current deferred tax liabilities and other non-current liabilities

 

(2,520

)

Total Net Assets Recognized

 

$

67,560

 

 

Acquired developed software is being amortized over five years. Of the acquired goodwill, approximately $6.5 million is tax deductible. Prior to these studio acquisitions, Vivendi Games had entered into certain development and licensing agreements with certain of the studios. These agreements were terminated in connection with the respective acquisitions.

 

Additional consideration of up to $21.2 million may be payable to the former owners of the development studios acquired in 2005 based on future performance, as defined in each applicable acquisition agreement, through March 2010. Amounts will be paid if and when certain financial targets are achieved or upon satisfaction of certain service commitments. Based on the studios’ current performance, management believes that the full $21.2 million will not be earned. As of December 31, 2006, Vivendi Games has expensed as compensation $3.3 million of the maximum contingent consideration of $21.2 million. Of this expensed amount, $1.5 million had been paid. As of September 30, 2007, Vivendi Games has expensed as compensation and paid a total of $4.6 million of the maximum contingent consideration of $21.2 million. As of September 30, 2007, $0.6 million of the $21.2 million was forfeited. The remaining balance of $16.0 million remains subject to future earnings targets or service obligations, as defined. If earned, future payments will be expensed as compensation or recorded as additional goodwill.

 

Pro forma consolidated statements of operations for these acquisitions are not shown, as they would not differ materially from reported results.

 

2004 Disposition

 

On October 3, 2004, Vivendi Games completed the sale of its education business, Knowledge Adventure, for $8.5 million, less direct selling costs of $0.6 million. At the time of sale, the net book value of assets disposed of was approximately $3.8 million, resulting in a pre-tax gain on sale of $4.1 million. As part of the Knowledge Adventure sale, significant assets sold to and liabilities assumed by the buyer were trade names of $6.3 million, inventories of $0.9 million, returns reserve of $2.2 million, cooperative advertising allowance of $0.4 million and certain accrued employee benefits of $0.8 million. Income from operations of the discontinued Knowledge Adventure included revenues of $12.4 million in 2004.

 

18



 

4. Inventories

 

Inventories consist of the following:

 

 

 

September 30,
2007

 

December 31,
2006

 

December 31,
2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

Finished goods

 

$

26,938

 

$

22,820

 

$

11,982

 

Purchased parts and components

 

4,841

 

5,094

 

2,524

 

 

 

$

31,779

 

$

27,914

 

$

14,506

 

 

5. Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment consist of the following:

 

 

 

September 30,
2007

 

December 31,
2006

 

December 31,
2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

Computer equipment and software

 

$

260,346

 

$

216,780

 

$

128,021

 

Furniture and fixtures

 

13,259

 

18,396

 

13,522

 

Leasehold improvements

 

23,593

 

15,760

 

12,624

 

 

 

297,198

 

250,936

 

154,167

 

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

 

(175,332

)

(134,977

)

(101,425

)

 

 

$

121,866

 

$

115,959

 

$

52,742

 

 

6. Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

 

Accrued expenses and other liabilities consist of the following:

 

 

 

September 30,
2007

 

December 31,
2006

 

December 31,
2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

(unaudited)
(as adjusted)

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued payroll and related costs

 

$

164,109

 

$

131,450

 

$

67,044

 

Accrued sales returns and price protections

 

38,053

 

73,606

 

57,758

 

Restructuring

 

1,432

 

4,048

 

8,368

 

Other accrued expenses

 

67,209

 

52,548

 

30,381

 

 

 

270,803

 

261,652

 

163,551

 

Long-term liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued payroll and related costs

 

49,958

 

2,900

 

 

Restructuring

 

1,020

 

2,713

 

2,378

 

Other accrued expenses

 

3,131

 

1,762

 

1,507

 

 

 

54,109

 

7,375

 

3,885

 

 

 

$

324,912

 

$

269,027

 

$

167,436

 

 

19



 

Restructuring Accrual

 

Prior to 2005, Vivendi Games adopted certain restructuring plans, which were primarily completed in 2004. The portion of the restructuring costs paid or amortized in 2004 through September 30, 2007, primarily related to employee severance, closure of certain facilities and other similar actions.

 

Costs for restructuring activities are limited to either incremental costs that directly result from the restructuring activities and provide no future benefit or costs incurred under contractual obligations that existed before these restructuring plans and will continue with either no future benefit or will result in a penalty incurred at the termination of the obligation.

 

Costs incurred in connection with various restructuring plans were approximately $4.4 million in 2006, $1.7 million in 2005 and $45.7 million in 2004. Costs charged to restructuring and the resulting restructuring accrual, which is included in other accrued expenses, are summarized as follows:

 

 

 

Balance as of
January 1,
2004

 

Current Year
Provision

 

Utilized

 

Balance as of
December 31,
2004

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Employee severance

 

$

6,077

 

$

31,116

 

$

(19,686

)

$

17,507

 

Facility costs

 

2,726

 

11,083

 

(5,260

)

8,549

 

Development project cancellation fees

 

500

 

 

(500

)

 

Impaired fixed assets

 

 

3,493

 

(3,493

)

 

 

 

$

9,303

 

$

45,692

 

$

(28,939

)

$

26,056

 

 

 

 

Balance as of
December 31,
2004

 

Current Year
Provision

 

Utilized

 

Balance as of
December 31,
2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Employee severance

 

$

17,507

 

$

2,668

 

$

(13,776

)

$

6,399

 

Facility costs

 

8,549

 

(968

)

(3,234

)

4,347

 

 

 

$

26,056

 

$

1,700

 

$

(17,010

)

$

10,746

 

 

 

 

Balance as of
December 31,
2005

 

Current Year
Provision

 

Utilized

 

Balance as of
December 31,
2006

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Employee severance

 

$

6,399

 

$

1,667

 

$

(6,648

)

$

1,418

 

Facility costs

 

4,347

 

2,716

 

(1,720

)

5,343

 

 

 

$

10,746

 

$

4,383

 

$

(8,368

)

$

6,761

 

 

The 2004 provision includes $8.1 million related to the 2003 restructuring plans, of which $1.8 million related to certain changes in estimates made in 2004 based on specific information that became available for the first time during 2004.

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the restructuring accrual was primarily reduced by on-going payments offset by a reduction of $1.9 million due to revised sublease income estimates resulting from a new agreement being signed with a sub lessee.

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 146, Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities, facility costs were recognized during the period when facilities were abandoned based on the cease-use date. Further, facility costs have been discounted to reflect the present value of the obligations. Accretion of the discount will be recognized as additional restructuring costs in future periods.

 

20



 

Facility cost obligations are to be paid through 2009 and the remaining estimated employee severance cost obligation is expected to be fully paid by the end of 2007.

 

7. Income Taxes

 

Vivendi Games’ results are included in the consolidated federal and certain foreign, and state and local income tax returns filed by Vivendi or its affiliates. The income tax provision is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations, including the impact of U.S. net operating losses carried forward, as if the amounts were computed on a separate stand-alone basis as required by SFAS No. 109. The deferred tax assets and liabilities included in the consolidated balance sheets have been prepared as if these amounts were computed on a stand-alone basis, excluding the U.S. net operating losses as set forth below.

 

Vivendi group policy is that U.S. net operating losses generated by Vivendi Games are surrendered to Vivendi or Vivendi’s subsidiaries in the year of loss with no benefit for such losses being recorded in Vivendi Games’ accounts. However, to the extent that Vivendi Games had U.S. net operating losses that could not be used by Vivendi or Vivendi’s subsidiaries, the related deferred tax asset and valuation allowance have been included in Vivendi Games’ consolidated balance sheets.

 

During 2005 and 2006, a cumulative U.S. net operating loss tax benefit of $83.2 million was recorded in the consolidated statements of operations although it was surrendered to Vivendi for balance sheet presentation purposes. Vivendi Games’ remaining separate U.S. net operating loss carry forward tax benefit of $82.3 million is being recognized in 2007 through a reduction in Vivendi Games’ effective tax rate.

 

Since the tax assets related to these losses were distributed to Vivendi or its affiliates, the income taxes payable balance to Vivendi was increased by $83.2 million as of December 31, 2006, and it is anticipated to be increased to $165.5 million by December 31, 2007. The income tax payable has been included in owner’s equity within net payable (receivable) with Vivendi. The income tax payments related to the consolidated tax filings were paid by Vivendi.

 

Geographic components of pre-tax income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 are as follows:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

U.S.

 

$

53,642

 

$

5,588

 

$

(228,342

)

Foreign

 

52,392

 

27,788

 

(24,772

)

 

 

$

106,034

 

$

33,376

 

$

(253,114

)

 

Income tax (benefit) expense for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, consists of:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

$

53,005

 

$

12,277

 

$

 

State

 

13,769

 

4,148

 

 

Foreign

 

5,928

 

7,739

 

12,011

 

Total current tax expense

 

72,702

 

24,164

 

12,011

 

Deferred:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

(28,871

)

(16,021

)

 

State

 

(7,417

)

(4,130

)

 

Foreign

 

(2,886

)

658

 

(1,598

)

Change in valuation allowance on net operating losses surrendered

 

(66,774

)

(16,425

)

 

Total deferred tax benefit

 

(105,948

)

(35,918

)

(1,598

)

Total tax (benefit) expense

 

$

(33,246

)

$

(11,754

)

$

10,413

 

 

21



 

The income tax benefit in 2006 and 2005 differs from the amount computed by applying the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate of 35% to pre-tax income as a result of the following differences:

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Federal tax at statutory rate

 

35

%

35

%

State taxes

 

4

 

(1

)

Foreign withholding tax

 

3

 

11

 

Tax reserve / (reversal)

 

(3

)

9

 

Foreign tax differential

 

(1

)

(23

)

Other permanent items

 

8

 

2

 

Change in valuation allowance

 

(14

)

(19

)

Change in valuation allowance on net operating losses surrendered

 

(63

)

(49

)

% Total tax benefit

 

(31

)%

(35

)%

 

In 2004, the tax provision of $10.4 million related primarily to foreign withholding taxes paid. A full valuation allowance was recorded in 2004 on net operating losses generated in all jurisdictions.

 

For interim reporting purposes, Vivendi Games calculates the expected annual effective tax rate in accordance with APB No. 28, Interim Financial Reporting, and applies the expected annual effective tax rate to the actual pre-tax results incurred for the interim period to compute an interim tax provision. In performing the calculation, Vivendi Games segregates the full year estimated tax provision for each jurisdiction and includes the estimated tax by jurisdiction in the annual effective rate calculation.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, Vivendi Games had an effective tax rate benefit of 9.0% (as adjusted). This rate differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 35% as a result of the following factors:

 

·                  The remaining tax benefit of Vivendi Games’ surrendered separate U.S. net operating losses of $82.3 million was recognized in the annual effective tax rate calculation as Vivendi Games expects to generate sufficient taxable income on a separate stand-alone basis.

 

·                  Release of valuation allowances in certain foreign jurisdictions where Vivendi Games expects to generate sufficient taxable income in that jurisdiction.

 

·                  State income taxes provided, net of Federal benefit.

 

·                  Foreign income taxes provided for at different rates than the federal rate of 35%.

 

·                  Foreign withholding tax paid with no related foreign tax credit benefit.

 

The deferred tax assets and liabilities included in the consolidated balance sheets and the following table has been prepared as if these amounts were computed on a stand-alone basis, excluding the U.S. net operating losses carried forward. Vivendi Games has reflected the deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance for tax attributes that would be attributed to Vivendi Games if it were to be deconsolidated from Vivendi or Vivendi’s subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2006, Vivendi Games had U.S. net operating loss carry forwards of $156.4 million consisting of separate return limitation year losses of $43.0 million and allocable consolidated losses of $113.4 million.

 

22



 

Deferred income tax assets (liabilities) are comprised of the following:

 

 

 

December 31,
2006

 

December 31,
2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

Reserves and allowances

 

$

17,044

 

$

18,292

 

Royalties and license agreements, net

 

(10,510

)

(9,274

)

Accrued expenses

 

18,627

 

1,227

 

Deferred revenues

 

46,975

 

35,344

 

Other

 

3,005

 

172

 

 

 

75,141

 

45,761

 

Non-current:

 

 

 

 

 

Other intangible assets, net

 

(21,850

)

(21,099

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

(5,937

)

(3,724

)

Deferred compensation

 

9,883

 

(1,149

)

Royalties and license agreements, net

 

(5,473

)

(5,087

)

Foreign tax credit

 

15,459

 

12,526

 

Other

 

4,923

 

4,186

 

Net operating loss carryforwards

 

77,565

 

89,264

 

 

 

74,570

 

74,917

 

Valuation allowance

 

(92,383

)

(100,804

)

Net deferred tax asset

 

$

57,328

 

$

19,874

 

 

Vivendi Games is subject to tax audits in the jurisdictions in which it operates. Management believes that the settlement of income tax audits will not have a material effect on the results of operations, financial position or liquidity of Vivendi Games. The tax years 2002 through 2006 remain open to examination by the major tax jurisdictions to which Vivendi Games is subject. There was no increase in liability for uncertain tax positions as a result of adoption of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007 or at September 30, 2007.

 

In 2007, Vivendi Games initiated a research and development tax credit study, which as of September 30, 2007 had not been completed. Accordingly, no potential tax benefit could be quantified and recorded.

 

8. Stock-Based Compensation

 

Vivendi has adopted several stock-based award programs, and Blizzard has adopted an equity compensation plan, under which options and other instruments may be granted to employees of Vivendi Games.

 

Expense related to stock-based compensation plans

 

A summary of the expense related to stock-based compensation plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, is as follows:

 

23



 

 

 

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

 

Year Ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

Equity-settled award expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock options:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock options plans

 

$

601

 

$

945

 

$

998

 

$

38

 

American Depository Shares (ADS) Plans

 

n/a

 

876

 

876

 

5,056

 

 

 

$

601

 

$

1,821

 

$

1,874

 

$

5,094

 

Other equity-settled award expense:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted share plans

 

270

 

129

 

496

 

 

 

 

$

871

 

$

1,950

 

$

2,370

 

$

5,094

 

Cash-settled award expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash-settled awards in Vivendi stock:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock appreciation rights—ex-ADS awards

 

$

3,994

 

$

1,016

 

$

2,841

 

$

 

Modification of ADS awards as of May 16, 2006

 

n/a

 

14,030

 

14,030

 

 

Stock appreciation rights

 

1,640

 

781

 

1,303

 

 

Restricted stock units

 

728

 

265

 

2,020

 

 

 

 

$

6,362

 

$

16,092

 

$

20,194

 

$

 

Cash-settled awards in Blizzard stock:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Blizzard Equity Plan

 

69,285

 

3,000

 

25,628

 

 

 

 

$

75,647

 

$

19,092

 

$

45,822

 

$

 

Total stock-based compensation expense

 

$

76,518

 

$

21,042

 

$

48,192

 

$

5,094

 

 

The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005:

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

 

Year Ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of sales

 

$

1,594

 

$

69

 

$

589

 

$

 

Sales and marketing

 

4,711

 

204

 

1,743

 

 

Research and development

 

54,526

 

2,361

 

20,170

 

 

General and administrative

 

15,687

 

18,408

 

25,690

 

5,094

 

Total stock-based compensation expense

 

$

76,518

 

$

21,042

 

$

48,192

 

$

5,094

 

 

Plans granted to non-U.S. resident executives and employees

 

Stock Option plans settled in equity

 

Stock options have been granted to Vivendi Games employees to acquire Vivendi stock. For all stock option plans established by Vivendi prior to January 1, 2007, the options granted vest annually in one-third tranches over three years from the grant date’s anniversary. Vested options become exercisable at the beginning of the third year from the date of grant (i.e., two-thirds of the original grant), and the remaining one-third becomes exercisable at the beginning of the fourth year from the date of grant. The related compensation cost is accounted for over the required three-year service period using the accelerated multi tranche method in accordance with the following spread rates: 61% in the first year of the plan, 28% in the second year and 11% in the third year.

 

24



 

In 2007, Vivendi Games employees received stock options which cliff vest at the end of a three-year vesting period. The stock-based compensation expense relating to these stock options is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.

 

Restricted Share Units (RSUs) plans settled in equity

 

In 2006, Vivendi established restricted share plans, under the 2005 French Finance Act. Shares granted to non-U.S. resident executives and employees cliff vest at the end of a two-year vesting period and are conditional upon the achievement of certain operating objectives in terms of adjusted net income and cash flow from operations set forth in Vivendi’s 2006 budget. The restrictions lapse after a four-year period from the date of grant. However, as the shares granted under the restricted share plans are ordinary shares of the same class as Vivendi outstanding shares, employee shareholders are entitled to dividend and voting rights relating to their shares from the end of the vesting period. As of December 31, 2006, the RSUs granted in 2006 were calculated using a factor of achievement of 100%.

 

Compensation cost recognized is based upon the value of the equity instrument received by the employees which is equal to the difference between the fair value of the shares to be received and the discounted value of the dividends expected to be distributed by Vivendi over the two-year vesting period. Compensation cost relating to restricted shares is recognized on a straight-line basis over the two-year vesting period.

 

Similar to the design of the plans set up in 2006, the shares granted to Vivendi Games employees in 2007 cliff vest at the end of a two-year vesting period and are conditional upon the achievement of certain operating objectives in terms of adjusted net income and cash flow from operations set forth in Vivendi’s 2007 budget. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the shares granted in 2007 were measured using a factor of 100% achievement.

 

Plans granted to U.S. resident executives and employees (settled in cash)

 

In 2006, in view of the delisting of Vivendi shares from the New York Stock Exchange, specific equity awards were granted to Vivendi Games U.S. resident executives and employees, with economic characteristics similar to those granted to non-U.S. employees. However, these equity instruments are exclusively cash-settled instruments with the following characteristics:

 

·                  When the equity awards grant entitlement to the appreciation of the value of Vivendi shares, they are known as “stock appreciation rights” (“SARs”), which are the economic equivalent of stock options;

 

·                  When the equity awards grant entitlement to the value of Vivendi shares, they are known as “restricted stock units” (“RSUs”), which are the economic equivalent of restricted shares;

 

·                  Vivendi has converted the former American Depositary Shares (“ADS”) stock option plans for its U.S. resident employees into SARs plans; and

 

·                  SARs and RSUs are denominated in U.S. dollars.

 

Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) plans

 

Under SARs plans, the employees will receive, upon exercise of their rights, a cash payment based on Vivendi share price, equal to the difference between Vivendi share price upon exercise of the SARs and their strike price as set at the grant date. Similar to stock option plans set up before January 1, 2007, rights vest annually in one-third tranches on the grant date’s anniversary. Vested SARs become exercisable at the beginning of the third anniversary of the grant date (i.e., two-thirds of the original grant) and the remaining one-third becomes exercisable at the beginning of the fourth anniversary of the grant date. The compensation cost of the SARs granted before 2007 is recorded over the vesting period but not on a straight-line basis, as the SARs under the plan vest in one-third tranches over three years. The expense is accounted for over the required service period using the accelerated multi- tranche method in accordance with the following spread rates: 61% in the first year of the plan, 28% in the second year and 11% in the third year.

 

25



 

In 2007, Vivendi Games employees received SARs which cliff vest at the end of a three-year vesting period. Therefore, the compensation cost of these SARs is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.

 

The fair value of these plans is re-measured at each quarter end and the expense adjusted pro rata to vested rights at the relevant reporting date.

 

Restricted Stock Unit (RSUs) plans

 

In 2006, Vivendi established RSU plans for certain U.S. resident executives and employees. The RSUs granted cliff vest at the end of a two-year vesting period and are conditional upon Vivendi’s achievement of certain operating objectives in terms of adjusted net income and cash flow from operations as set forth in Vivendi’s 2006 budget. Four years from the date of grant, the participant will receive a cash payment equal to the value of the RSUs. The value of the RSUs will be based on the value of Vivendi shares at the time the cash payment is paid, plus the value of dividends paid on Vivendi shares for the last two fiscal years prior to payment (converted into local currency based on prevailing exchange rates). As of December 31, 2006, the RSUs granted in 2006 were calculated using a factor of achievement of 100%.

 

Compensation cost in respect of the RSU plans is recognized on a straight-line basis over the two-year vesting period. The value of the plan is re-measured at each quarter end and the compensation cost adjusted accordingly, pro rata to rights vested at the relevant reporting date. Similar to the design of the plans set up in 2006, the restricted stock granted to Vivendi Games employees in 2007 cliff vest at the end of a two-year vesting period and are conditional upon the achievement of certain operating objectives in terms of adjusted net income and cash flow from operations as set forth in Vivendi’s 2007 budget. As of September 30, 2007, the RSUs granted in 2007 were calculated using a factor of 100% achievement.

 

Conversion of the former ADS option plans into SAR plans in May 2006

 

On May 15, 2006, the ADS option plans for U.S. resident employees were converted into SAR plans. The terms and conditions of these awards remained unchanged (exercise price, vesting period, maturity, etc.), except that such awards are to be cash-settled. As a result, the estimated fair value of the vested rights of these plans on May 15, 2006 ($18.9 million) was recorded as a component of accrued payroll and related costs in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. When initially recording this liability, $14.9 million was charged as compensation expense in 2006 and $4.0 million was reclassified from owner’s equity, at the date of conversion.

 

Restricted shares or restricted stocks to each employee

 

On December 12, 2006, Vivendi established a grant of 15 fully vested restricted shares without any performance conditions for all non-temporary employees resident in France, who were employed and who had been employed by Vivendi Games for at least six months at that date. The 15 shares granted to each employee will be issued at the end of a two-year period from the grant date. At the end of this two-year period, the restricted shares will remain unavailable for an additional two-year period. As the shares granted are ordinary shares of the same class as Vivendi outstanding shares making up the share capital of Vivendi, employee shareholders will be entitled to dividends and voting rights relating to all their shares from their issuance. As these restricted shares were fully vested when granted, the compensation cost was recognized in full on the grant date.

 

For all non-temporary employees resident outside France, who were employed and who had been employed by Vivendi Games for at least six months as of December 12, 2006, Vivendi established a 15 RSU plan without any performance conditions. In general, the RSUs granted will be paid out in cash after a four-year period from the date of grant in an amount equal to the value of the Vivendi shares at the time the cash payment is made, plus the value of dividends paid on the Vivendi shares in the last two fiscal years prior to payment. RSUs are simply units of account and do not have any value outside the context of this plan. RSUs do not have voting rights, and they do not represent or imply an ownership interest in Vivendi or any of its businesses. Given the immediate vesting of such grant, the compensation cost was recognized in full on the grant date.

 

26



 

Characteristics of the Grants from 2005 onwards

 

Vivendi Games estimates the fair value of stock-based awards granted using a binomial option-pricing model. For purposes of determining the expected term and in the absence of historical data relating to stock options exercises, Vivendi Games applies a simplified approach: the expected term of equity-settled instruments granted is presumed to be the mid-point between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term. For cash-settled instruments, the expected term applied is equal to:

 

·                  for rights that can be exercised, one-half of the residual contractual term of the instrument at the reporting date; and

 

·                  for rights that can not be exercised yet, the average of the residual vesting period and the residual contractual term of the instrument at the reporting date.

 

For stock-based awards in Vivendi stock, the computed volatility corresponds to the average of Vivendi’s three-year historical volatility and its implied volatility, which is determined with Vivendi put and call options traded on the Marché des Options Négociables de Paris with a maturity of six months or more.

 

Equity-settled awards are denominated in Euros. The dollar amounts included in the table below are only indicative of the original Euro amounts converted into U.S. dollars as of September 30, 2007, using balance sheet exchange rate. As such, amounts in U.S. dollars will fluctuate with changes in future exchange rates.

 

The characteristics and assumptions used to value the instruments granted from 2005 onwards are as follows.

 

The following instruments are denominated in Euros:

 

 

 

Subscription Plan

 

Restricted Share Plan

 

Grant date

 

April 23,

 

April 13,

 

April 26,

 

April 23,

 

December 12,

 

April 13,

 

Grant year

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

2007

 

2006

 

2006

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

Options strike price

 

30.79

 

28.54

 

23.64

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

Maturity (in years)

 

10

 

10

 

10

 

2

 

2

 

2

 

Expected term (in years)

 

6.5

 

6

 

10

 

2

 

2

 

2

 

Number of options initially granted

 

181,260

 

205,600

 

186,500

 

15,121

 

9,000

 

17,151

 

Share price at grant date

 

31.75

 

28.14

 

23.72

 

31.75

 

29.39

 

28.14

 

Expected volatility

 

20

%

26

%

17

%

n/a

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

4.17

%

3.99

%

3.48

%

n/a

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

Expected dividend yield

 

3.94

%

3.80

%

3.37

%

3.94

%

4.25

%

3.80

%

Fair value of the granted options

 

5.64

 

5.38

 

4.33

 

29.30

 

26.94

 

26.04

 

Fair value of the plan (in millions of Euros)

 

1.0

 

1.1

 

0.8

 

0.4

 

0.2

 

0.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(in dollars except where noted)

 

(unaudited)

 

Options strike price

 

$

43.30

 

$

40.14

 

$

33.25

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

Share price at grant date

 

$

44.65

 

$

39.58

 

$

33.36

 

$

44.65

 

$

41.34

 

$

39.58

 

Fair value of the granted options

 

$

7.93

 

$

7.57

 

$

6.09

 

$

41.21

 

$

37.89

 

$

36.62

 

Fair value of the plan (in millions of U.S. dollars)

 

$

1.4

 

$

1.6

 

$

1.1

 

$

0.6

 

$

0.3

 

$

0.6

 

 

27



 

The following instruments are denominated in U.S. dollars:

 

 

 

RSUs

 

SARs

 

Grant date

 

December 12,

 

September 22,

 

April 13,

 

September 22,

 

April 13,

 

Grant year

 

2006

 

2006

 

2006

 

2006

 

2006

 

Strike price

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

$

34.58

 

$

34.58

 

Maturity at the origin (in years)

 

2

 

2

 

2

 

10

 

10

 

Expected term at closing date (in years)

 

2

 

1.7

 

0.5

 

4.9

 

4.5

 

Number of instruments initially granted

 

33,105

 

2,000

 

34,224

 

24,000

 

410,400

 

Share market price at closing date

 

$

39.05

 

$

39.05

 

$

39.05

 

$

39.05

 

$

39.05

 

Expected volatility

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

21

%

21

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

n/a

 

3.93

%

3.94

%

Expected dividend yield

 

4.26

%

4.22

%

4.22

%

4.22

%

4.22

%

Fair value of the granted instruments

 

$

35.70

 

$

37.40

 

$

37.40

 

$

7.99

 

$

7.56

 

Fair value of the plan as of December 31, 2006 (in millions of U.S. dollars)

 

$

1.2

 

$

0.1

 

$

1.3

 

$

0.2

 

$

3.1

 

 

On April 23, 2007, 458,740 SARs with a strike price of $41.34 and 38,248 RSUs were granted to Vivendi Games employees.

 

Information on Outstanding Plans from January 1, 2005

 

Transactions involving equity-settled and cash-settled plans from January 1, 2005 are summarized as follows.

 

Equity-settled instruments

 

Equity-settled awards are denominated in Euros and the U.S. dollar amounts included in the table below are only indicative of the original Euro amounts converted as of December 31, 2006, using the balance sheet exchange rate. As such, amounts in U.S. dollars will fluctuate with changes in future exchange rates. Expense amounts disclosed are converted at average exchange rates during the year or nine months presented, as appropriate.

 

 

 

Stock Options Plans

 

Restricted Share Plans

 

 

 

Number of
Stock
Options
Outstanding

 

Weighted
Average Strike
Price of Stock
Options
Outstanding

 

Weighted
Average Strike
Price of Stock
Options
Outstanding

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life

 

Number of
Restricted
Shares
Outstanding

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Period before
Issuing Shares

 

 

 

 

 

(in Euros)

 

(in U.S. dollars)

 

(in years)

 

 

 

(in years)

 

Balance as of December 31, 2004

 

783,438

 

30.7

 

$

40.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

186,500

 

23.6

 

31.2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cancelled

 

(114,322

)

26.7

 

35.2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2005

 

855,616

 

29.8

 

$

39.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

205,600

 

28.5

 

37.6

 

 

 

26,151

 

 

 

Exercised(a)

 

(70,807

)

19.6

 

25.9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

(5,800

)

49.1

 

64.8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cancelled

 

(72,874

)

22.1

 

29.2

 

 

 

(1,101

)

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2006

 

911,735

 

30.8

 

$

40.6

 

6.8

 

25,050

 

1.5

 

Exercisable as of December 31, 2006

 

491,156

 

35.4

 

$

46.7

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vested as of December 31, 2006

 

560,471

 

33.9

 

$

44.8

 

 

 

9,000

 

 

 

 


(a)                                  The weighted average share price for options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2006 was €28.30. corresponding to $37.36.

 

As of December 31, 2006, based on end of period exchange rates, there is unamortized compensation of $1.1 million, which will be expensed as follows: $0.8 million in 2007 and $0.3 million in 2008.

 

28



 

Cash-settled instruments

 

Cash-settled instruments are denominated in U.S. dollars. The following is a summary of ADS awards, which were converted into cash-settled awards during 2006:

 

 

 

Stock Options on ex-ADS converted into SARs (May 2006)

 

 

 

Number of SARs
(ex ADS)
Outstanding

 

Weighted
Average Strike
Price of SARs
(ex ADS)
Outstanding

 

Total Intrinsic
Value

 

Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life

 

 

 

 

 

(in U.S. dollars)

 

(in millions of
U.S. dollars)

 

(in years)

 

Balance as of December 31, 2004

 

2,461,005

 

$

37.6

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

803,018

 

30.6

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted

 

41,251

 

33.9

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(13,531

)

22.6

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

(14,533

)

36.4

 

 

 

 

 

Cancelled

 

(288,618

)

28.4

 

 

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2005

 

2,988,592

 

$

36.8

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised(a)

 

(136,662

)

23.3

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

(22,708

)

40.4

 

 

 

 

 

Cancelled

 

(75,002

)

28.4

 

 

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2006

 

2,754,220

 

$

37.7

 

$

21.9

 

5.4

 

Exercisable as of December 31, 2006

 

1,887,535

 

$

41.4

 

$

13.7

 

 

 

Vested as of December 31, 2006

 

2,127,838

 

$

40.2

 

$

15.7

 

 

 

 


(a)                                  The weighted average share price for SARs exercised during the year ended December 31, 2006 was $35.17.

 

The following is a summary of other cash-settled awards (excluding the Blizzard Equity Plan). There was no activity in or prior to 2005.

 

 

 

SARs

 

RSUs

 

 

 

Number of
SARs
Outstanding

 

Weighted
Average Strike
Price of SARs
Outstanding

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life

 

Number of
Restricted
Stocks Units
Outstanding

 

Weighted Average
Remaining
Period before
Vesting

 

 

 

 

 

(in U.S. dollars)

 

(in years)

 

 

 

(in years)

 

Balance as of December 31, 2005

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

434,400

 

34.6

 

 

 

69,329

 

 

 

Cancelled

 

(3,200

)

34.6

 

 

 

(267

)

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2006

 

431,200

 

$

34.6

 

9.3

 

69,062

 

1.6

 

Exercisable as of December 31, 2006

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vested as of December 31, 2006

 

 

$

 

 

 

33,105

 

 

 

 

Cash paid during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 to settle awards exercised was $7.5 million compared to $1.1 million during the year 2006.

 

29



 

As of December 31, 2006, there was unamortized compensation expense of $4.3 million, which will be expensed as follows: $3.2 million in 2007, $1.0 million in 2008 and $0.1 million in 2009.

 

As of September 30, 2007, the estimated fair value of the vested rights has been recorded as a liability of $2.9 million, $17.1 million and $2.7 million for SARs, ex-ADS converted into SARs and RSUs, respectively. As of December 31, 2006, the estimated fair value of the vested rights has been recorded as a liability of $1.3 million, $20.6 million and $2.0 million for SARs, ex-ADS converted into SARs and RSUs, respectively. The liability for vested rights is included as a component of accrued payroll and related costs.

 

Cash-Settled Awards on Blizzard Stock (Blizzard Equity Plan)

 

In 2006, Blizzard implemented the Blizzard Equity Plan, an equity incentive plan denominated in U.S. dollars. Under the Blizzard Equity Plan (“BEP”), certain key executives and employees of Blizzard were awarded restricted shares of Blizzard stock and other cash settled awards of Blizzard as follows:

 

·                  In October 2006, 1,361,000 restricted shares were granted. The value of the shares is determined every year based on an external independent appraisal. In general, the participants may only redeem vested shares in exchange for cash payments over the 10-year life of the grant. These restricted shares vest in one-third increments over the next three years, starting January 1, 2007. The expense is amortized using the following rates: 45% in 2006, 40% in 2007 and 15% in 2008.

 

·                  In March 2007, 729,000 cash settled awards were granted with a strike price of $19.24 and a fixed exercise/payment term on May 1, 2009. These awards call for cash payments to be made to participants at this fixed date based on the value of Blizzard shares at that time. These options shall vest in accordance with the following schedule: one-third (243,000 awards) immediately vested at the date of grant, one-third as of January 1, 2008 and the remaining portion as of January 1, 2009, amortized using the following rates: 81% in 2007 and 19% in 2008.

 

·                  In March 2007, 1,215,000 cash settled awards were granted with a strike price of $19.24 and a fixed exercise/payment term on May 1, 2010. These awards call for cash payments to be made to participants at this fixed date based on the value of Blizzard shares at that time. These options vest in one-third increments over 3 years, starting January 1, 2008. The expense is amortized using the following rates: 57% in 2007, 31% in 2008 and 12% in 2009.

 

At each reporting date, the expense recognized is based on the elapsed portion of each vesting tranche and the estimated value of Blizzard shares as determined under the BEP. No forfeitures are anticipated based on recent and projected turnover rates of the beneficiaries. As of September 30, 2007, the estimated value of the rights granted amounted to $153.6 million and $55.2 million as of December 31, 2006. As of September 30, 2007, the estimated value of the rights vested amounted to $94.9 million, compared to $25.6 million as of December 31, 2006 and was recorded as a component of accrued payroll and related costs in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 

Except in the case of certain transactions, cash payments to be made under this Plan will be based on the value of Blizzard shares as determined under the BEP. The BEP requires a valuation of Blizzard shares to be carried out annually as of December 31st. The last annual valuation available was as of December 31, 2006.

 

9. Commitments and Contingencies

 

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

 

Vivendi Games has commitments under certain firm contractual arrangements (“Firm Commitments”) to make future payments for goods and services. These Firm Commitments secure the future rights to various assets and services to be used in the normal course of business. The Firm Commitments for software development projects represent the contractual payments due on development projects assuming that each third-party development studio earns all contractual milestone fees. Vivendi Games has also entered into arrangements to sublease office space to third parties, the amounts of which are reflected as reductions to the total Firm Commitments below. Vivendi has guaranteed certain operating lease commitments of Vivendi Games.

 

30



 

The table below sets forth the Firm Commitments and related sublease arrangements at December 31, 2006, and the estimated timing and effect that such obligations are expected to have on liquidity and cash flow in future periods:

 

 

 

Payments Due By Period

 

 

 

Total

 

2007

 

2008

 

2009

 

2010

 

2011

 

After

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Operating lease commitments(1)

 

$

105,638

 

$

19,782

 

$

21,387

 

$

20,532

 

$

14,952

 

$

9,043

 

$

19,942

 

Office sublease agreements

 

(8,735

)

(2,671

)

(2,751

)

(2,831

)

(482

)

 

 

Employment obligations(2)

 

6,842

 

3,025

 

2,530

 

1,061

 

226

 

 

 

Software development costs(3)

 

109,625

 

80,815

 

23,785

 

4,815

 

60

 

150

 

 

 

 

$

213,370

 

$

100,951

 

$

44,951

 

$

23,577

 

$

14,756

 

$

9,193

 

$

19,942

 

 


(1)                                  Operating lease commitments include the effect of a significant lease negotiated in 2007, which replaces an existing facility.

 

(2)                                  Employment obligations represent obligations under the employment contracts of acquired studios. To the extent employees terminate employment at their election or are terminated by Vivendi Games for cause, amounts contractually owed to such employee(s) are forfeited.

 

(3)                                  Software development costs included above are those Vivendi Games is contractually obligated to pay, including intellectual property obligations but not taking into consideration standard cancellation clauses exercisable at the option of Vivendi Games.

 

In addition to the above, Vivendi Games has certain contingent obligations related to consummated studio acquisitions. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, contingent consideration of $17.1 million and $19.9 million, respectively, represent commitments not yet accrued for in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets or paid, that remains subject to payout following the achievement of future performance targets. Such contingent payouts may be payable over the next three years.

 

Vivendi Games has also made commitments, payable in cash, to certain employees under cash-settled, stock-based awards. These awards are accrued as liabilities as services are rendered. Additional amounts are accruable and payable dependent upon rendering of continued services as required (see Note 8).

 

Rent expense was $13.2 million, $12.3 million and $14.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

 

As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, Vivendi Games has entered into certain sublease agreements, the last of which expires in February 2010. Sublease income is recorded as a reduction to rent expense applied to the restructuring liability. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, Vivendi Games received $2.3 million and $2.5 million of sublease income, respectively. During 2006, 2005 and 2004, Vivendi Games received $4.4 million, $3.9 million and $1.9 million of sublease income, respectively. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, sublease income due to Vivendi Games under existing agreements is $8.9 million and $8.7 million, respectively, through 2010.

 

Claims and Litigation

 

Vivendi Games was named in a claim letter to Vivendi by Avis Budget, Group, Inc. (“Avis”), formerly known as Cendant Corporation, against Vivendi regarding tax benefits which may need to be remitted to Avis pursuant to the initial stock purchase agreement between Cendant Corporation and Vivendi Games. Vivendi Games has an agreement with Vivendi that Vivendi will be responsible for bearing any adverse financial consequences of the claim, if any. As such, no contingency reserves have been recorded by Vivendi Games for this claim.

 

Vivendi Games, along with its licensee in China (China The9) is cited by Beijing Beida Founder Electronic Co in Beijing court for an alleged infringement of fonts used in the Chinese version of World of Warcraft. The plaintiff

 

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is seeking 100 million Chinese Renminbi (RMB) (the equivalent of U.S. $13.2 million). The license agreement places primary responsibility on the licensee for the localization in Chinese language; accordingly, Vivendi Games believes the licensee is obligated to indemnify Vivendi Games for any liability arising from this dispute. Vivendi Games has not provided any reserve for this matter in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

 

Vivendi Games is also subject to claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. Management believes that any liability from any reasonably foreseeable disposition of such claims and litigation, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect on Vivendi Games’ consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

10. Employee Benefit Plans

 

Executive Deferred Compensation Plan

 

Vivendi Games maintains an executive deferred compensation plan pursuant to which certain key employees may defer salary and bonuses at their election. The amounts owed to executives under this plan are included within accrued expenses and are $4.6 million, $3.2 million and $3.0 million as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

 

Profit Sharing and Employee Bonus Plans

 

Most employees participate in a standard worldwide bonus plan and certain employees participate in a secondary annual bonus and/or a profit sharing plan based on their operating unit’s profit as defined in the respective plans. The amounts owed to employees under these plans are included within accrued expenses (current portion) and approximated $47.6 million, $55.6 million and $40.3 million as of September 30, 2007 and as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

 

11. Related-Party Transactions

 

During the normal course of operations, Vivendi Games enters into certain transactions with Vivendi and its affiliates.

 

Vivendi maintains a centralized cash management pool from which Vivendi Games borrows and lends cash on a daily basis. Net cash transfers, under the cash pooling agreement, are included in owner’s equity as part of net transfers to Vivendi. Vivendi charges Vivendi Games interest on the cumulative net cash transfers and such charges are included in interest, net (to Vivendi) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Net interest charged by Vivendi for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 was $3.5 million and $13.0 million, respectively, and was $18.1 million, $14.5 million and $12.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

 

Annual overhead and support costs were allocated to Vivendi Games by Vivendi to approximate management leadership, treasury, legal, tax and other similar service-based support functions incurred on Vivendi Games’ behalf. These costs amounted to approximately $2.2 million and $1.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and amounted to approximately $1.3 million, $1.3 million and $2.2 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. These allocations are reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as a component of general and administrative expense.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, a management fee of approximately $1.9 million and $1.4 million was allocated to Vivendi Games from Vivendi for insurance, share-employee costs and other general corporate support functions incurred on Vivendi Games’ behalf. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, $3.4 million, $2.9 million, and $3.6 million, respectively, was allocated to Vivendi Games from Vivendi. This allocation is included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as general and administrative expense.

 

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In the normal course of business, Vivendi has guaranteed (i) Vivendi Games’ obligations under certain property leases, and (ii) payment to certain inventory vendors of up to approximately $68.2 million (based on the applicable exchange rate as of September 30, 2007). Property lease obligations are included in the five-year payout schedule discussed in Note 9. Payables related to inventory purchases are included in accounts payable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, Vivendi Games recognized royalty expenses related to properties licensed from Universal Entertainment of approximately $1.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, Vivendi Games recognized royalty expenses related to properties licensed from Universal Entertainment of approximately $1.7 million, $1.6 million and $6.5 million, respectively. Royalties are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as cost of sales. Royalty amounts due to Universal Entertainment are not material.

 

Vivendi Games has entered into agreements with certain affiliates for the physical distribution of boxed product sales for certain territories outside North America.

 

12. Geographical Information

 

Vivendi Games’ operations are primarily in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific. Net sales and net assets by geographical region are as follows:

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(as adjusted)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Sales:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

North America

 

$

431,109

 

$

313,458

 

$

522,633

 

$

419,862

 

$

308,302

 

Europe

 

353,438

 

188,310

 

359,552

 

247,273

 

202,859

 

Asia Pacific

 

111,487

 

94,039

 

135,471

 

113,190

 

56,258

 

 

 

$

896,034

 

$

595,807

 

$

1,017,656

 

$

780,325

 

$

567,419

 

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Net Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

North America

 

$

232,670

 

$

226,405

 

Europe

 

91,162

 

24,232

 

Asia Pacific

 

22,610

 

10,126

 

 

 

$

346,442

 

$

260,763

 

 

13. Segment Profit & Loss and Related Information

 

Vivendi Games manages and reviews its business in two main divisions: Blizzard Entertainment and Sierra Entertainment (along with the recently created separate divisions SOL and VGM). From January 1, 2006, Vivendi Games’ reporting segments have been determined in accordance with Vivendi Games’ internal management structure. The nature of the financial information provided to the chief operating decision maker includes only direct revenues and costs which are under the effective direct control of each segment management team. Direct operating margin excludes group cost allocations provided to each segment (retail distribution and operations on a worldwide basis and corporate support services such as legal, human resources and taxes), as well as corporate depreciation expense and amortization of other intangibles and restructuring charges. These costs and expenses are deducted from direct operating margin in arriving at operating income on a consolidated basis. Direct operating margin is a non-GAAP measure and it should be considered in addition to and not a substitute for operating income, net income, cash flow and other measures of financial performance reported in accordance with GAAP.

 

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SOL and VGM initiated their operations in early 2006, and as such they do not meet the materiality criteria for separate segment reporting, as specified in SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information (“SFAS No. 131”). As their activities are construed by management as a “spin off” of Sierra, they have been aggregated with Sierra, for reporting segment purposes.

 

As noted above, prior to 2006, Vivendi Games did not operate in segments and costs were not allocated on a segment basis. The only performance measure reported to the chief operating decision maker prior to 2006 in a disaggregated manner was net sales. Accordingly, net sales information for 2005 and 2004 has been presented separately below for Blizzard and Sierra and other. The direct operating margin per reporting segment for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 has been presented using a similar methodology. Vivendi Games does not maintain accounting records that allocate assets or liabilities for operating divisions to determine net assets per reporting segment, and there are no inter- segment revenues.

 

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Nine Months Ended
September 30,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(as adjusted)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Blizzard

 

$

779,117

 

$

451,493

 

$

654,216

 

$

401,683

 

$

52,793

 

Sierra and other

 

116,917

 

144,314

 

363,440

 

378,642

 

514,626

 

Net sales

 

896,034

 

595,807

 

1,017,656

 

780,325

 

567,419

 

Blizzard

 

313,694

 

244,163

 

316,811

 

175,978

 

(27,767

)

Sierra and other

 

(100,379

)

(62,008

)

(69,006

)

(28,767

)

(29,534

)

Direct operating margin

 

213,315

 

182,155

 

247,805

 

147,211

 

(57,301

)

Unallocated group costs

 

(80,609

)

(90,208

)

(125,364

)

(105,142

)

(195,290

)

Operating income (loss)

 

$

132,706

 

$

91,947

 

$

122,441

 

$

42,069

 

$

(252,591

)

 

The unallocated group costs encompass all costs which are not under the direct control of the segment management team: namely all the group support services, all fixed costs associated with the sales and marketing shared services for boxed products, as well as stock-based compensation (other than the BEP), corporate depreciation, restructuring, foreign currency exchange gain or loss.

 

14. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements and does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Subsequently, the FASB decided to provide a one year deferral for the implementation of Statement 157 solely for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those non-financial items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (i.e., at least annually). Vivendi Games does not expect that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. Subsequent unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected will be reported in earnings. The provisions of SFAS No. 159 are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Vivendi Games is evaluating whether to adopt SFAS No. 159 and what impact such adoption might have on its financial position or results of operations.

 

In September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 108, Financial Statements—Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements (“SAB 108”). SAB 108 provides interpretive guidance on how the effects of the carryover or reversal of prior year misstatements should be considered in quantifying a current year misstatement. SAB 108 requires the use of both the “iron curtain” and “rollover” approach in quantifying the materiality of misstatements. SAB 108 also discusses the implications of misstatements uncovered upon the application of SAB 108 in situations when a registrant has historically been using either the iron curtain approach or the rollover approach. SAB 108 was effective for fiscal years ending after November 15, 2006. The adoption of SAB 108 had no impact on the financial position or results of operations of Vivendi Games.

 

In June 2007, the FASB ratified the Emerging Issues Task Force’s (“EITF”) consensus conclusion on EITF No. 07-03, Accounting for Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future Research and Development. EITF No. 07-03 addresses the diversity which exists with respect to the accounting for the non-refundable portion of a payment made by a research and development entity for future research and development activities. Under this

 

35



 

conclusion, an entity is required to defer and capitalize non-refundable advance payments made for research and development activities until the related goods are delivered or the related services are performed. EITF No. 07-03 is effective for interim or annual reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007 and requires prospective application for new contracts entered into after the effective date. Vivendi Games does not expect the adoption of EITF No. 07-03 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), Business Combinations (“SFAS No. 141(R)”). This Statement provides greater consistency in the accounting and financial reporting of business combinations. It requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize all assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction, establishes the acquisition-date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and requires the acquirer to disclose the nature and financial effect of the business combination. Also in December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements (“SFAS No. 160”). This Statement amends Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, Consolidated Financial Statements, to establish accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS No. 141(R) and SFAS No. 160 are required to be adopted simultaneously and are effective for the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008 with earlier adoption being prohibited. Vivendi Games does not currently have any non-controlling interests in its subsidiaries.

 

15. Subsequent Events (unaudited)

 

On December 1, 2007, Vivendi signed a definitive business combination agreement (“BCA”) with Activision, Inc. (“Activision”) to combine Vivendi Games with Activision. Under the terms of the agreement, Vivendi Games will be merged with a wholly owned subsidiary of Activision. In the merger, shares of Vivendi Games will be converted into 295.3 million new shares of Activision common stock. Concurrently with the merger, Vivendi will purchase 62.9 million newly issued shares of Activision common stock at a price of $27.50 per share for a total of $1.7 billion in cash. As a result of these transactions, Vivendi will own an approximate 52% ownership stake of the new combined entity Activision Blizzard on a fully diluted basis. This transaction is subject to the approval of Activision’s stockholders and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions and regulatory approvals, including expiration of applicable waiting periods and receipt of applicable approvals under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act (which has already occurred) and the European Union merger control regulations. Upon closing, all pre-existing arrangements, other than licenses entered into in the ordinary course of business with Vivendi or Vivendi’s affiliates, will be terminated.

 

Special performance and transaction bonuses

 

In connection with this transaction, certain executives of Vivendi Games will receive a transaction bonus payable within 30 days of the closing. If the transaction does not close by December 31, 2008, 50% of the transaction bonus will be paid.

 

In addition and pursuant to the agreement signed on December 2, 2007, Vivendi Games has implemented a special performance bonus (SPB) plan for certain executives and employees based on the accomplishment of certain objectives associated with the contemplated combination with Activision. Such bonus will be paid in December 2008 or on the one year anniversary of the closing date, whichever is the later. If the closing does not occur before December 31, 2008, 50% of the bonus will be paid.

 

The maximum aggregate amount of undiscounted future liabilities resulting from these bonus plans is $15.2 million, of which 50% would be paid regardless of whether the transaction closes.

 

Blizzard Equity Plan

 

Under the provisions of the BEP described in Note 8 and the BCA signed between Vivendi and Activision, the consummation of this transaction is deemed a change in control, which will automatically trigger cash payments to the beneficiaries for the portion of awards that are vested at the closing date of the transaction.

 

The outstanding non-vested rights shall become immediately vested upon the closing of the transaction, cancelled and extinguished and converted into a new right to receive an amount in cash eighteen months after the closing upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the BEP and in the BCA, including continued employment through the payment date.

 

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At either the closing date or eighteen months thereafter, participants will be entitled to receive, in aggregate, a cash payment equal to the product of the number of shares and the estimated per share fair value of Blizzard, less the applicable aggregate strike price for stock appreciation rights.

 

Based on the value of Blizzard shares as determined under the BEP, assuming the transaction is consummated, the estimated value of the rights granted amounts to $202.2 million, of which $152.2 million is estimated to be accrued as of December 31, 2007. On this basis, the estimated cash payments to be made to participants will amount to $113.0 million and $89.2 million at the closing date of the transaction and eighteen months thereafter, respectively.

 

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