Table Of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
	SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the quarterly period ended November 26, 2016
	OR
☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
	SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from ________________ to ________________

Commission file number: 001-08504

UNIFIRST CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Massachusetts	04-2103460
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
68 Jonspin Road, Wilmington, MA	01887
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(978) 658-8888
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes  ☑   No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).      

Yes  ☑   No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer   ☑       Accelerated filer                 Smaller Reporting Company Non-accelerated filer            

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes              No  ☑

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

The number of outstanding shares of UniFirst Corporation Common Stock and Class B Common Stock at December 30, 2016 were 15,436,109 and 4,845,519, respectively.

UniFirst Corporation

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

For the Quarter ended November 26, 2016

Table of Contents

Certifications

Ex-31.1 Section 302 Certification of CEO

Ex-31.2 Section 302 Certification of CFO

Ex-32.1 Section 906 Certification of CEO

Ex-32.2 Section 906 Certification of CFO

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Consolidated Statements of Income

UniFirst Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

Thirteen weeks ended (In thousands, except per share data)	November 26, 2016			November 28, 2015
Revenues	$	386,108		$	373,384
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenues (1)		238,765			222,603
Selling and administrative expenses (1)		79,446			72,749
Depreciation and amortization		22,140			19,738
Total operating expenses		340,351			315,090
Income from operations		45,757			58,294
Other (income) expense:
Interest expense		182			221
Interest income		(983	)		(764	)
Foreign exchange loss		494			479
Total other (income) expense		(307	)		(64	)
Income before income taxes		46,064			58,358
Provision for income taxes		17,850			22,468
Net income	$	28,214		$	35,890
Income per share – Basic:
Common Stock	$	1.46		$	1.88
Class B Common Stock	$	1.17		$	1.50
Income per share – Diluted:
Common Stock	$	1.38		$	1.78
Income allocated to – Basic:
Common Stock	$	22,342		$	28,539
Class B Common Stock	$	5,668		$	7,193
Income allocated to – Diluted:
Common Stock	$	28,020		$	35,741
Weighted average number of shares outstanding – Basic:
Common Stock		15,285			15,218
Class B Common Stock		4,847			4,795
Weighted average number of shares outstanding – Diluted:
Common Stock		20,249			20,132
Dividends per share:
Common Stock	$	0.0375		$	0.0375
Class B Common Stock	$	0.0300		$	0.0300

(1) Exclusive of depreciation on the Company’s property, plant and equipment and amortization on its intangible assets.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

UniFirst Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

Thirteen weeks ended (In thousands)	November 26, 2016			November 28, 2015
Net income	$	28,214		$	35,890
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(5,129	)		(1,572	)
Pension benefit liabilities, net of income taxes		—			(218	)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of income taxes		324			(223	)
Derivative financial instruments reclassified to earnings		(76	)		(72	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income		(4,881	)		(2,085	)
Comprehensive income		23,333			33,805

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

UniFirst Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and par value data)	November 26, 2016			August 27, 2016
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	286,119		$	363,795
Receivables, less reserves of $9,974 and $7,675		176,404			156,578
Inventories		73,164			78,887
Rental merchandise in service		144,637			138,105
Prepaid taxes		—			10,418
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		23,917			29,831
Total current assets		704,241			777,614
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $674,102 and $661,295		541,300			539,818
Goodwill		367,663			320,641
Customer contracts, net		76,208			35,854
Other intangible assets, net		5,121			2,810
Deferred income taxes		338			97
Other assets		29,914			25,173
Total assets	$	1,724,785		$	1,702,007
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	49,255		$	50,884
Accrued liabilities		94,202			100,782
Accrued taxes		7,621			969
Total current liabilities		151,078			152,635
Accrued liabilities		104,193			104,921
Accrued and deferred income taxes		79,742			79,670
Total liabilities		335,013			337,226
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred Stock, $1.00 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding		—			—
Common Stock, $0.10 par value; 30,000,000 shares authorized; 15,433,608 and 15,415,125 shares issued and outstanding as of November 26, 2016 and August 27, 2016, respectively		1,543			1,542
Class B Common Stock, $0.10 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; 4,845,519 and 4,849,519 shares issued and outstanding as of November 26, 2016 and August 27, 2016, respectively		485			485
Capital surplus		74,941			72,561
Retained earnings		1,346,633			1,319,142
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		(33,830	)		(28,949	)
Total shareholders’ equity		1,389,772			1,364,781
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	1,724,785		$	1,702,007

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

UniFirst Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

Thirteen weeks ended (In thousands)	November 26, 2016			November 28, 2015
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	28,214		$	35,890
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation		18,500			17,643
Amortization of intangible assets		3,640			2,095
Amortization of deferred financing costs		28			52
Share-based compensation		2,015			1,260
Accretion on environmental contingencies		150			167
Accretion on asset retirement obligations		205			199
Deferred income taxes		(746	)		26
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Receivables, less reserves		(13,112	)		(17,376	)
Inventories		7,526			3,452
Rental merchandise in service		152			(1,280	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		9,288			(2,286	)
Accounts payable		(1,113	)		7,913
Accrued liabilities		(8,837	)		(4,967	)
Prepaid and accrued income taxes		17,589			14,853
Net cash provided by operating activities		63,499			57,641
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired		(120,391	)		(73	)
Capital expenditures		(18,233	)		(21,049	)
Other		281			223
Net cash used in investing activities		(138,343	)		(20,899	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments on loans payable and long-term debt		—			(764	)
Proceeds from exercise of share-based awards, including excess tax benefits		929			383
Taxes withheld and paid related to net share settlement of equity awards		(566	)		—
Payment of cash dividends		(724	)		(717	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(361	)		(1,098	)
Effect of exchange rate changes		(2,471	)		(665	)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(77,676	)		34,979
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		363,795			276,553
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	286,119		$	311,532

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

UniFirst Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Basis of Presentation

These Consolidated Financial Statements of UniFirst Corporation (“Company”) have been prepared, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“US GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations; however, the Company believes that the information furnished reflects all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of results for the interim period.

It is suggested that these Consolidated Financial Statements be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2016. There have been no material changes in the accounting policies followed by the Company during the current fiscal year. Results for an interim period are not indicative of any future interim periods or for an entire fiscal year.

2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance for revenue recognition, which they have subsequently modified. This modified update provides a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires revenue to be recognized in a manner to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods, and any interim periods within those annual periods, that begin after December 15, 2017 and will be required to be applied retrospectively, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for the Company on August 26, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the adoption method it will apply and the impact that this guidance will have on its financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2015, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance on consolidation requirements. This update changes the guidance with respect to the analysis that a reporting entity must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard became effective for the Company on August 28, 2016. The Company adopted this guidance and the adoption did not have a material impact on its financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued updated guidance on the presentation of debt issuance costs. This update changes the guidance with respect to presenting such costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. Amortization of the costs is reported as interest expense. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard became effective for the Company on August 28, 2016. The Company adopted this guidance and the adoption did not have a material impact on its financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued updated guidance which changes the measurement principle for inventory from the lower of cost or market to the lower of cost or net realizable value. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventory measured using last-in, first-out or the retail inventory method. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2016, and is to be applied prospectively, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for the Company on August 27, 2017. The Company expects that adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on its financial statements.

In September 2015, the FASB issued updated guidance that requires an entity to recognize adjustments made to provisional amounts that are identified in a business combination be recorded in the period such adjustments are determined, rather than retrospectively adjusting previously reported amounts. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015, and is to be applied prospectively, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard became effective for the Company on August 28, 2016. The Company adopted this guidance and the adoption did not have a material impact on its financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of certain financial assets and liabilities. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for the Company on August 26, 2018. The Company expects that adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on its financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance that improves transparency and comparability among companies by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and by disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for the Company on September 1, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on its financial statements and related disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance that simplifies several aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2016 and, depending on the amendment, must be applied using a prospective transition method, retrospective transition method, modified retrospective transition method, prospectively and/or retroactively, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for the Company on August 27, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on its financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance that reduces diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. This guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods, and any interim periods within those annual periods, that begin after December 15, 2017 and will be required to be applied retrospectively, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for the Company on August 26, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on its financial statements and related disclosures.

In October 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance to improve the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. This guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods, and any interim periods within those annual periods, that begin after December 15, 2017 and will be required to be applied on a modified retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for the Company on August 26, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on its financial statements and related disclosures.

3. Business Acquisitions

On September 19, 2016, the Company completed an acquisition of Arrow Uniform (“Arrow”) for approximately $118.2 million and contingent consideration subject to certain holdback provisions of $1.7 million. The all-cash transaction was structured as an asset acquisition, with the Company acquiring substantially all of Arrow’s assets and a limited amount of liabilities. Arrow, headquartered in Taylor, Michigan, provides uniform and facility service rental programs as well as direct sales uniform programs to a wide range of large and small customers. Arrow operates from 12 locations with nearly 700 employees in five Midwestern states.

The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. The results of Arrow’s operations have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial results since the acquisition date. This acquisition was not significant in relation to the Company’s consolidated financial results and, therefore, pro forma financial information has not been presented. Since the acquisition was only recently completed, the initial allocation of the purchase price is incomplete related to substantially all of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company is still in the process of identifying and measuring the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company has engaged specialists to assist in the valuation of intangible assets for which certain assumptions have not yet been finalized. The table below summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocation to the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the purchase price over the net assets recognized and represents the estimated future economic benefits arising from expected synergies and growth opportunities for the Company. All of the goodwill and intangible assets were allocated to the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning segment and are deductible for tax purposes. The cash paid upon closing for the acquisition was approximately $119.9 million. The difference between the cash paid and the total purchase price represents amounts owed from the seller as a result of final closing adjustments. As such, a receivable due from the seller of $1.7 million is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of November 26, 2016.

Receivables	$	7,365
Inventories		1,824
Rental merchandise in service		7,175
Prepaid expense and other current assets		1,722
Property, plant and equipment		4,140
Goodwill		47,181
Customer contracts		43,700
Other intangible assets		2,620
Other assets		4,790
Accrued liabilities		(2,364	)
Total Purchase Price	$	118,153

Goodwill, customer contracts and other intangible assets are estimated utilizing Level 3 valuation inputs to the fair value hierarchy, which are unobservable and consist of discounted future cash flow estimates, while the remaining assets acquired and liabilities assumed were measured using Level 2 inputs which principally include estimated market values of comparable assets.

4. Fair Value Measurements

US GAAP establishes a framework for measuring fair value and establishes disclosure requirements about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. We considered non-performance risk when determining fair value of our derivative financial instruments.

The fair value hierarchy prescribed under US GAAP contains three levels as follows:

  Level 1 –   Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

  Level 2 –   Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

  Level 3 –   Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

All financial assets or liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually) have been segregated into the most appropriate level within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date.  The assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized in the tables below (in thousands):

	As of November 26, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	173,725	$	—	$	—	$	173,725
Pension plan assets		—		4,534		—		4,534
Foreign currency forward contracts		—		593		—		593
Total assets at fair value	$	173,725	$	5,127	$	—	$	178,852

	As of August 27, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	172,760	$	—	$	—	$	172,760
Pension plan assets		—		4,753		—		4,753
Foreign currency forward contracts		—		188		—		188
Total assets at fair value	$	172,760	$	4,941	$	—	$	177,701

The Company’s cash equivalents listed above represent money market securities and are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices. The Company does not adjust the quoted market price for such financial instruments.

The Company’s pension plan assets listed above represent guaranteed deposit accounts that are maintained and operated by Prudential Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company (“PRIAC”). All assets are merged with the general assets of PRIAC and are invested predominantly in privately placed securities and mortgages. At the beginning of each calendar year, PRIAC notifies the Company of the annual rates of interest which will be applied to the amounts held in the guaranteed deposit account during the next calendar year. In determining the interest rate to be applied, PRIAC considers the investment performance of the underlying assets of the prior year; however, regardless of the investment performance the Company is contractually guaranteed a minimum rate of return. As such, the Company’s pension plan assets are included within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

The Company’s foreign currency forward contracts represent contracts the Company has entered into to exchange Canadian dollars for U.S. dollars at fixed exchange rates in order to manage its exposure related to certain forecasted Canadian dollar denominated sales of one of its subsidiaries. These contracts were included in other assets as of November 26, 2016. The fair value of the forward contracts is based on similar exchange traded derivatives and are, therefore, included within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

5. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

The Company uses derivative financial instruments to mitigate its exposure to fluctuations in foreign currencies on certain forecasted transactions denominated in foreign currencies. US GAAP requires that all of the Company’s derivative instruments be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. All subsequent changes in a derivative’s fair value are recognized in income, unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met.

Derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting are classified as a hedge of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset, liability or forecasted transaction. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and designated as a cash flow hedge are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income until the hedged item or forecasted transaction is recognized in earnings. The Company performs an assessment at the inception of the hedge and on a quarterly basis thereafter, to determine whether its derivatives are highly effective in offsetting changes in the value of the hedged items. Any changes in the fair value resulting from hedge ineffectiveness are immediately recognized as income or expense.

In January 2015, the Company entered into sixteen forward contracts to exchange Canadian dollars (“CAD”) for U.S. dollars at fixed exchange rates in order to manage its exposure related to certain forecasted CAD denominated sales of one of its subsidiaries. The hedged transactions are specified as the first amount of CAD denominated revenues invoiced by one of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries each fiscal quarter, beginning in the third fiscal quarter of 2015 and continuing through the second fiscal quarter of 2019. In total, the Company will sell approximately 31.0 million CAD at an average Canadian-dollar exchange rate of 0.7825 over these quarterly periods. The Company concluded that the forward contracts met the criteria to qualify as a cash flow hedge under US GAAP. Accordingly, the Company has reflected all changes in the fair value of the forward contracts in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, a component of shareholders’ equity. Upon the maturity of each foreign exchange forward contract, the gain or loss on the contract will be recorded as an adjustment to revenues.

As of November 26, 2016, the Company had forward contracts with a notional value of approximately 15.3 million CAD outstanding and recorded the fair value of the contracts of $0.3 million in other long-term assets and $0.3 million in prepaid expenses and other current assets with a corresponding gain in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income of $0.4 million, which was recorded net of tax.During the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016, the Company reclassified $0.1 million from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income to revenue, related to the derivative financial instruments. The gain in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income as of November 26, 2016 is expected to be reclassified to revenues prior to its maturity on February 22, 2019.

6. Employee Benefit Plans

Defined Contribution Retirement Savings Plan

The Company has a defined contribution retirement savings plan with a 401(k) feature for all eligible U.S and Canadian employees not under collective bargaining agreements. The Company matches a portion of the employee’s contribution and may make an additional contribution at its discretion. Contributions charged to expense under the plan for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and November 28, 2015 were $3.6 million and $3.7 million, respectively.

Pension Plans and Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans

The Company maintains an unfunded Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan for certain eligible employees of the Company, a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan covering union employees at one of its locations, and a frozen pension plan the Company assumed in connection with its acquisition of Textilease Corporation in fiscal 2004. The amounts charged to expense related to these plans for both the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and November 28, 2015 were $0.9 million.

7.Net Income Per Share

The Company calculates net income per share in accordance with US GAAP, which requires the Company to allocate income to its unvested participating securities as part of its earnings per share (“EPS”) calculations. The following table sets forth the computation of basic earnings per share using the two-class method for amounts attributable to the Company’s shares of Common Stock and Class B Common Stock (in thousands, except per share data):

	Thirteen weeks ended
	November 26,		November 28,
	2016		2015
Net income available to shareholders	$	28,214	$	35,890
Allocation of net income for Basic:
Common Stock	$	22,342	$	28,539
Class B Common Stock		5,668		7,193
Unvested participating shares		204		158
	$	28,214	$	35,890
Weighted average number of shares for Basic:
Common Stock		15,285		15,218
Class B Common Stock		4,847		4,795
Unvested participating shares		140		95
		20,272		20,108
Earnings per share for Basic:
Common Stock	$	1.46	$	1.88
Class B Common Stock	$	1.17	$	1.50

The Company is required to calculate diluted EPS for Common Stock using the more dilutive of the following two methods:

• The treasury stock method; or

• The two-class method assuming a participating security is not exercised or converted.

For the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and November 28, 2015, the Company’s diluted EPS assumes the conversion of all vested Class B Common Stock into Common Stock and uses the two-class method for its unvested participating shares. The following table sets forth the computation of diluted earnings per share of Common Stock for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and November 28, 2015 (in thousands, except per share data):

	Thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016							Thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015
	Earnings							Earnings
	to Common			Common				to Common			Common
	shareholders			Shares		EPS		shareholders			Shares		EPS
As reported - Basic	$	22,342			15,285	$	1.46	$	28,539			15,218	$	1.88
Add: effect of dilutive potential common shares
Share-Based Awards		—			117				—			119
Class B Common Stock		5,668			4,847				7,193			4,795
Add: Undistributed earnings allocated to unvested participating shares		199			—				154			—
Less: Undistributed earnings reallocated to unvested participating shares		(189	)		—				(145	)		—
Diluted EPS – Common Stock	$	28,020			20,249	$	1.38	$	35,741			20,132	$	1.78

There were no share-based awards that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 because they were anti-dilutive.  Share-based awards that would result in the issuance of 8,761 shares of Common Stock were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015 because they were anti-dilutive.

8. Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value, net of any reserve for excess and obsolete inventory. Judgments and estimates are used in determining the likelihood that new goods on hand can be sold to customers or used in rental operations. Historical inventory usage and current revenue trends are considered in estimating both excess and obsolete inventories. If actual product demand and market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required. The Company uses the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method to value its inventories.

The components of inventory as of November 26, 2016 and August 27, 2016 were as follows (in thousands):

	November 26, 2016		August 27, 2016
Raw materials	$	14,815	$	16,826
Work in process		2,954		2,275
Finished goods		55,395		59,786
Total inventories	$	73,164	$	78,887

9. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

As discussed in Note 3, “Acquisitions”, when the Company acquires a business the amount assigned to the tangible assets and liabilities and intangible assets acquired is based on their respective fair values determined as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the tangible assets and liabilities and intangible assets is recorded as goodwill.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of August 27, 2016	$	320,641
Goodwill recorded during the period		47,181
Other		(159	)
Balance as of November 26, 2016	$	367,663

Intangible assets, net in the Company’s accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows (in thousands):

	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
November 26, 2016
Customer contracts	$	209,015	$	132,808	$	76,207
Other intangible assets		33,883		28,761		5,122
	$	242,898	$	161,569	$	81,329
August 27, 2016
Customer contracts	$	165,405	$	129,551	$	35,854
Other intangible assets		31,382		28,572		2,810
	$	196,787	$	158,123	$	38,664

10. Asset Retirement Obligations

The Company recognizes asset retirement obligations in the period in which they are incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The associated asset retirement costs are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. The Company continues to depreciate, on a straight-line basis, the amount added to property, plant and equipment and recognizes accretion expense in connection with the discounted liability over the various remaining lives which range from approximately one to twenty-seven years.

A reconciliation of the Company’s asset retirement liability for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 was as follows (in thousands):

	November 26, 2016
Beginning balance as of August 27, 2016	$	13,032
Accretion expense		205
Effect of exchange rate changes		(207	)
Change in estimate		(156	)
Ending balance as of November 26, 2016	$	12,874

Asset retirement obligations are included in current and long-term accrued liabilities in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

11. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company and its operations are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations governing, among other things, air emissions, wastewater discharges, and the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of hazardous waste and other substances. In particular, industrial laundries use and must dispose of detergent waste water and other residues, and, in the past used perchloroethylene and other dry cleaning solvents. The Company is attentive to the environmental concerns surrounding the disposal of these materials and has, through the years, taken measures to avoid their improper disposal. In the past, the Company has settled, or contributed to the settlement of, actions or claims brought against the Company relating to the disposal of hazardous materials and there can be no assurance that the Company will not have to expend material amounts to remediate the consequences of any such disposal in the future.

US GAAP requires that a liability for contingencies be recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment is required to determine the existence of a liability, as well as the amount to be recorded. The Company regularly consults with attorneys and outside consultants in its consideration of the relevant facts and circumstances before recording a contingent liability. Changes in enacted laws, regulatory orders or decrees, management’s estimates of costs, risk-free interest rates, insurance proceeds, participation by other parties, the timing of payments, the input of the Company’s attorneys and outside consultants or other factual circumstances could have a material impact on the amounts recorded for environmental and other contingent liabilities.

Under environmental laws, an owner or lessee of real estate may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances located on, or in, or emanating from, such property, as well as related costs of investigation and property damage. Such laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or lessee knew of, or was responsible for the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. There can be no assurances that acquired or leased locations have been operated in compliance with environmental laws and regulations or that future uses or conditions will not result in the imposition of liability upon the Company under such laws or expose the Company to third-party actions such as tort suits. The Company continues to address environmental conditions under terms of consent orders negotiated with the applicable environmental authorities or otherwise with respect to sites located in or related to Woburn, Massachusetts, Somerville, Massachusetts, Springfield, Massachusetts, Uvalde, Texas, Stockton, California, three sites related to former operations in Williamstown, Vermont, as well as sites located in Goldsboro, North Carolina, Wilmington, North Carolina, Landover, Maryland and Syracuse, New York.

The Company has accrued certain costs related to the sites described above as it has been determined that the costs are probable and can be reasonably estimated. The Company has potential exposure related to a parcel of land (the "Central Area") related to the Woburn, Massachusetts site mentioned above. Currently, the consent decree for the Woburn site does not define or require any remediation work in the Central Area. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA") has provided the Company and other signatories to the consent decree with comments on the design and implementation of groundwater and soil remedies at the Woburn site and investigation of environmental conditions in the Central Area. The Company, and other signatories, have implemented and proposed to do additional work at the Woburn site but many of the EPA’s comments remain to be resolved. The Company has accrued costs to perform certain work responsive to EPA's comments. The Company has implemented mitigation measures and continues to monitor environmental conditions at the Somerville, Massachusetts site. In addition, the Company has received demands from the local transit authority for reimbursement of certain costs associated with its construction of a new municipal transit station in the area of the Company’s Somerville site. This station is part of a planned extension of the transit system. Due to cost projections of the extension which now substantially exceed original estimates, the local transit authority has placed the extension on hold pending its redesign and receipt of related state and federal approvals and funding increases. The Company has reserved for costs in connection with this matter; however, in light of the uncertainties associated with this matter, these costs and the related reserve may change. The Company has also received notice that the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection is conducting an audit of the Company’s investigation and remediation work with respect to the Somerville site.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, the Company entered into a settlement related to environmental litigation which resulted in a $15.9 million gain that was recorded as a reduction of selling and administrative expenses. This gain consisted of amounts previously received but not recognized into income as well as amounts that the Company received in September 2016.

The Company routinely reviews and evaluates sites that may require remediation and monitoring and determines its estimated costs based on various estimates and assumptions. These estimates are developed using its internal sources or by third party environmental engineers or other service providers. Internally developed estimates are based on:

• Management’s judgment and experience in remediating and monitoring the Company’s sites;

• Information available from regulatory agencies as to costs of remediation and monitoring;

• The number, financial resources and relative degree of responsibility of other potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) who may be liable for remediation and monitoring of a specific site; and

• The typical allocation of costs among PRPs.

There is usually a range of reasonable estimates of the costs associated with each site. In accordance with US GAAP, the Company’s accruals reflect the amount within the range that it believes is the best estimate or the low end of a range of estimates if no point within the range is a better estimate. Where it believes that both the amount of a particular liability and the timing of the payments are reliably determinable, the Company adjusts the cost in current dollars using a rate of 3% for inflation until the time of expected payment and discounts the cost to present value using current risk-free interest rates. As of November 26, 2016, the risk-free interest rates utilized by the Company ranged from 2.4% to 3.0%.

For environmental liabilities that have been discounted, the Company includes interest accretion, based on the effective interest method, in selling and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The changes to the Company’s environmental liabilities for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 were as follows (in thousands):

	November 26, 2016
Beginning balance as of August 27, 2016	$	26,748
Costs incurred for which reserves had been provided		(850	)
Insurance proceeds		38
Interest accretion		150
Change in discount rates		(1,544	)
Balance as of November 26, 2016	$	24,542

Anticipated payments and insurance proceeds of currently identified environmental remediation liabilities as of November 26, 2016, for the next five fiscal years and thereafter, as measured in current dollars, are reflected below.

(In thousands)	2017			2018			2019			2020			2021			Thereafter			Total
Estimated costs – current dollars	$	8,824		$	1,859		$	1,492		$	1,284		$	1,172		$	12,390		$	27,021
Estimated insurance proceeds		(135	)		(159	)		(173	)		(159	)		(173	)		(1,129	)		(1,928	)
Net anticipated costs	$	8,689		$	1,700		$	1,319		$	1,125		$	999		$	11,261		$	25,093
Effect of inflation																				7,406
Effect of discounting																				(7,957	)
Balance as of November 26, 2016																			$	24,542

Estimated insurance proceeds are primarily received from an annuity received as part of a legal settlement with an insurance company. Annual proceeds of approximately $0.3 million are deposited into an escrow account which funds remediation and monitoring costs for three sites related to former operations in Williamstown, Vermont. Annual proceeds received but not expended in the current year accumulate in this account and may be used in future years for costs related to this site through the year 2027. As of November 26, 2016, the balance in this escrow account, which is held in a trust and is not recorded in the Company’s accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet, was approximately $3.4 million. Also included in estimated insurance proceeds are amounts the Company is entitled to receive pursuant to legal settlements as reimbursements from three insurance companies for estimated costs at the site in Uvalde, Texas.

The Company’s nuclear garment decontamination facilities are licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (“NRC”), or, in certain cases, by the applicable state agency, and are subject to regulation by federal, state and local authorities. The Company also has nuclear garment decontamination facilities in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. These facilities are licensed and regulated by the respective country’s applicable federal agency. There can be no assurance that such regulation will not lead to material disruptions in the Company’s garment decontamination business.

From time to time, the Company is also subject to legal proceedings and claims arising from the conduct of its business operations, including personal injury claims, customer contract matters, employment claims and environmental matters as described above.

While it is impossible to ascertain the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to contingent liabilities, including lawsuits and environmental contingencies, the Company believes that the aggregate amount of such liabilities, if any, in excess of amounts covered by insurance have been properly accrued in accordance with US GAAP. It is possible, however, that the future financial position or results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by changes in the Company’s assumptions or strategies related to these contingencies or changes out of the Company’s control.

12. Income Taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rate was 38.8% and 38.5% for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and the thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015, respectively. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense which is consistent with the recognition of these items in prior reporting periods. During the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016, there were no material changes in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits or the amount accrued for interest and penalties.

U.S. and Canadian federal income tax statutes have lapsed for filings up to and including fiscal years 2012 and 2008, respectively, and the Company has concluded an audit of U.S. federal income taxes for 2010 and 2011. With a few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to state and local income tax examinations for periods prior to fiscal 2011. The Company is not aware of any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will change significantly in the next 12 months.

13. Long-Term Debt

On April 11, 2016, the Company entered into an amended and restated $250.0 million unsecured revolving credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with a syndicate of banks, which matures on April 11, 2021. The Credit Agreement amended and restated the Company’s prior $250.0 million revolving credit agreement, which was scheduled to mature on May 4, 2016. Under the Credit Agreement, the Company is able to borrow funds at variable interest rates based on, at the Company’s election, the Eurodollar rate or a base rate, plus in each case a spread based on the Company’s consolidated funded debt ratio. Availability of credit requires compliance with certain financial and other covenants, including a maximum consolidated funded debt ratio and minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company tests its compliance with these financial covenants on a fiscal quarterly basis. At November 26, 2016, the interest rates applicable to the Company’s borrowings under the Credit Agreement would be calculated as LIBOR plus 75 basis points at the time of the respective borrowing. As of November 26, 2016, the Company had no outstanding borrowings and had outstanding letters of credit amounting to $58.0 million, leaving $192.0 million available for borrowing under the Credit Agreement.

As of November 26, 2016, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement.

14. Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income

The changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax, for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and November 28, 2015 were as follows (in thousands):

	Thirteen Weeks Ended November 26, 2016
	Foreign Currency Translation			Pension- related (1)			Derivative Financial Instruments (1)			Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)  Income
Balance as of August 27, 2016	$	(20,814	)	$	(8,251	)	$	116		$	(28,949	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassification		(5,129	)		—			324			(4,805	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		—			—			(76	)		(76	)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income		(5,129	)		—			248			(4,881	)
Balance as of November 26, 2016	$	(25,943	)	$	(8,251	)	$	364		$	(33,830	)

	Thirteen Weeks Ended November 28, 2015
	Foreign Currency Translation			Pension- related (1)			Derivative Financial Instruments (1)			Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Balance as of August 29, 2015	$	(20,423	)	$	(4,719	)	$	729		$	(24,413	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassification		(1,572	)		(261	)		(223	)		(2,056	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		—			43			(72	)		(29	)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income		(1,572	)		(218	)		(295	)		(2,085	)
Balance as of November 28, 2015	$	(21,995	)	$	(4,937	)	$	434		$	(26,498	)

(1) Amounts are shown net of tax

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax, for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and November 28, 2015 were as follows (in thousands):

	Thirteen weeks ended
	November 26,			November 28,
	2016			2015
Pension benefit liabilities, net:
Actuarial losses	$	—		$	43	(a)
Total, net of tax		—			43
Derivative financial instruments, net:
Forward contracts (b)		(76	)		(72	)
Total, net of tax		(76	)		(72	)
Total amounts reclassified, net of tax		(76	)		(29	)

(a) Amounts included in selling and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.

(b) Amounts included in revenues in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.

15. Segment Reporting

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise for which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker, or decision-making group, in making decisions on how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the Company’s chief executive officer. The Company has six operating segments based on the information reviewed by its chief executive officer: US Rental and Cleaning, Canadian Rental and Cleaning, Manufacturing (“MFG”), Corporate, Specialty Garments Rental and Cleaning (“Specialty Garments”) and First Aid. The US Rental and Cleaning and Canadian Rental and Cleaning operating segments have been combined to form the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning reporting segment, and as a result, the Company has five reporting segments.

The US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning reporting segment purchases, rents, cleans, delivers and sells, uniforms and protective clothing and non-garment items in the United States and Canada. The laundry locations of the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning reporting segment are referred to by the Company as “industrial laundries” or “industrial laundry locations.”

The MFG operating segment designs and manufactures uniforms and non-garment items primarily for the purpose of providing these goods to the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning reporting segment. MFG revenues are generated when goods are shipped from the Company’s manufacturing facilities, or its subcontract manufacturers, to other Company locations. These revenues are recorded at a transfer price which is typically in excess of the actual manufacturing cost. Manufactured products are carried in inventory until placed in service at which time they are amortized at this transfer price. On a consolidated basis, intercompany revenues and income are eliminated and the carrying value of inventories and rental merchandise in service is reduced to the manufacturing cost. Income before income taxes from MFG net of the intercompany MFG elimination offsets the merchandise amortization costs incurred by the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning reporting segment as the merchandise costs of this reporting segment are amortized and recognized based on inventories purchased from MFG at the transfer price which is above the Company’s manufacturing cost.

The Corporate operating segment consists of costs associated with the Company’s distribution center, sales and marketing, information systems, engineering, materials management, manufacturing planning, finance, budgeting, human resources, other general and administrative costs and interest expense. The revenues generated from the Corporate operating segment represent certain direct sales made by the Company directly from its distribution center. The products sold by this operating segment are the same products rented and sold by the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning reporting segment. The majority of expenses accounted for within the Corporate segment relate to costs of the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning segment, with the remainder of the costs relating to the Specialty Garment and First Aid segments.

The Specialty Garments operating segment purchases, rents, cleans, delivers and sells, specialty garments and non-garment items primarily for nuclear and cleanroom applications and provides cleanroom cleaning services at limited customer locations. The First Aid operating segment sells first aid cabinet services and other safety supplies as well as maintains wholesale distribution and pill packaging operations.

The Company refers to the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning, MFG, and Corporate reporting segments combined as its “Core Laundry Operations,” which is included as a subtotal in the following tables (in thousands):

	US and
	Canadian											Subtotal
	Rental and					Net Interco						Core Laundry			Specialty
Thirteen weeks ended	Cleaning			MFG		MFG Elim			Corporate			Operations			Garments		First Aid		Total
November 26, 2016
Revenues	$	344,481		$	48,862	$	(48,804	)	$	7,304		$	351,843		$	22,356	$	11,909	$	386,108
Income (loss) from operations	$	52,827		$	18,207	$	(939	)	$	(26,422	)	$	43,673		$	1,151	$	933	$	45,757
Interest (income) expense, net	$	(834	)	$	—	$	—		$	33		$	(801	)	$	—	$	—	$	(801	)
Income (loss) before taxes	$	53,708		$	18,222	$	(939	)	$	(26,580	)	$	44,411		$	720	$	933	$	46,064
November 28, 2015
Revenues	$	329,780		$	45,815	$	(45,815	)	$	5,257		$	335,037		$	26,770	$	11,577	$	373,384
Income (loss) from operations	$	56,726		$	16,544	$	(51	)	$	(20,247	)	$	52,972		$	4,286	$	1,036	$	58,294
Interest (income) expense, net	$	(744	)	$	—	$	—		$	201		$	(543	)	$	—	$	—	$	(543	)
Income (loss) before taxes	$	57,493		$	16,536	$	(51	)	$	(20,578	)	$	53,400		$	3,922	$	1,036	$	58,358

ITEM2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

SAFE HARBOR FOR FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and any documents incorporated by reference contain forward looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Forward looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and any documents incorporated by reference are subject to the safe harbor created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward looking statements may be identified by words such as “estimates,” “anticipates,” “projects,” “plans,” “expects,” “intends,” “believes,” “seeks,” “could,” “should,” “may,” “will,” or the negative versions thereof, and similar expressions and by the context in which they are used. Such forward looking statements are based upon our current expectations and speak only as of the date made. Such statements are highly dependent upon a variety of risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in such forward looking statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to, uncertainties caused by adverse economic conditions and their impact on our customers’ businesses and workforce levels, uncertainties regarding our ability to consummate and successfully integrate acquired businesses, our ability to maintain and grow Arrow’s customer base and enhance its operating margins, uncertainties regarding any existing or newly-discovered expenses and liabilities related to environmental compliance and remediation, any adverse outcome of pending or future contingencies or claims, our ability to compete successfully without any significant degradation in our margin rates, seasonal and quarterly fluctuations in business levels, our ability to preserve positive labor relationships and avoid becoming the target of corporate labor unionization campaigns that could disrupt our business, the effect of currency fluctuations on our results of operations and financial condition, our dependence on third parties to supply us with raw materials, any loss of key management or other personnel, increased costs as a result of any future changes in federal or state laws, rules and regulations or governmental interpretation of such laws, rules and regulations, uncertainties regarding the price levels of natural gas, electricity, fuel and labor, the negative effect on our business from sharply depressed oil prices, the continuing increase in domestic healthcare costs, including the ultimate impact of the Affordable Care Act, our ability to retain and grow our customer base, demand and prices for our products and services, fluctuations in our Specialty Garments business, rampant criminal activity and instability in Mexico where our principal garment manufacturing plants are located, our ability to properly and efficiently design, construct, implement and operate our new customer relationship management (“CRM”) computer system, interruptions or failures of our information technology systems, including as a result of cyber-attacks, additional professional and internal costs necessary for compliance with recent and proposed future changes in Securities and Exchange Commission, New York Stock Exchange and accounting rules, strikes and unemployment levels, our efforts to evaluate and potentially reduce internal costs, economic and other developments associated with the war on terrorism and its impact on the economy and general economic conditions and other factors described under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 27, 2016 and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We undertake no obligation to update any forward looking statements to reflect events or circumstances arising after the date on which such statements are made.

Business Overview

UniFirst Corporation, together with its subsidiaries, hereunder referred to as “we”, “our”, the “Company”, or “UniFirst”, is one of the largest providers of workplace uniforms and protective work wear clothing in the United States. We design, manufacture, personalize, rent, clean, deliver, and sell a wide range of uniforms and protective clothing, including shirts, pants, jackets, coveralls, lab coats, smocks, aprons and specialized protective wear, such as flame resistant and high visibility garments. We also rent and sell industrial wiping products, floor mats, facility service products and other non-garment items, and provide restroom and cleaning supplies and first aid cabinet services and other safety supplies, to a variety of manufacturers, retailers and service companies.

We serve businesses of all sizes in numerous industry categories. Typical customers include automobile service centers and dealers, delivery services, food and general merchandise retailers, food processors and service operations, light manufacturers, maintenance facilities, restaurants, service companies, soft and durable goods wholesalers, transportation companies, and others who require employee clothing for image, identification, protection or utility purposes. We also provide our customers with restroom and cleaning supplies, including air fresheners, paper products and hand soaps.

At certain specialized facilities, we also decontaminate and clean work clothes and other items that may have been exposed to radioactive materials and service special cleanroom protective wear and facilities. Typical customers for these specialized services include government agencies, research and development laboratories, high technology companies and utilities operating nuclear reactors.

We continue to expand into additional geographic markets through acquisitions and organic growth. We currently service more than 300,000 customer locations in the United States, Canada and Europe from more than 240 customer service, distribution and manufacturing facilities.

As mentioned and described in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we have five reporting segments: US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning, MFG, Corporate, Specialty Garments and First Aid. We refer to the laundry locations of the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning reporting segment as “industrial laundries” or “industrial laundry locations”, and to the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning, MFG, and Corporate reporting segments combined as our “Core Laundry Operations.”

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The discussion of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon the Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”). As such, management is required to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable based on the information available. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments and uncertainties, the most important and pervasive accounting policies used and areas most sensitive to material changes from external factors. See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2016 for additional discussion regarding our application of these and other accounting policies.

Results of Operations

The following table presents certain selected financial data, including the percentage of revenues represented by each item, for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and November 28, 2015.

	Thirteen weeks ended
(In thousands, except percentages)	November 26, 2016		% of Revenues			November 28, 2015		% of Revenues			% Change
Revenues	$	386,108		100.0	%	$	373,384		100.0	%		3.4	%
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenues (1)		238,765		61.8			222,603		59.6			7.3
Selling and administrative expenses (1)		79,446		20.6			72,749		19.5			9.2
Depreciation and amortization		22,140		5.7			19,738		5.3			12.2
Total operating expenses		340,351		88.1			315,090		84.4			8.0
Income from operations		45,757		11.9			58,294		15.6			-21.5
Other income		307		0.1			64		0.0			379.7
Income before income taxes		46,064		11.9			58,358		15.6			-21.1
Provision for income taxes		17,850		4.6			22,468		6.0			-20.6
Net income	$	28,214		7.3	%	$	35,890		9.6	%		-21.4	%

(1) Exclusive of depreciation on our property, plant and equipment and amortization on our intangible assets.

General

We derive our revenues through the design, manufacture, personalization, rental, cleaning, delivering, and selling of a wide range of uniforms and protective clothing, including shirts, pants, jackets, coveralls, lab coats, smocks and aprons and specialized protective wear, such as flame resistant and high visibility garments. We also rent industrial wiping products, floor mats, facility service products, other non-garment items, and provide restroom and cleaning supplies and first aid cabinet services and other safety supplies, to a variety of manufacturers, retailers and service companies. We have five reporting segments, US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning, MFG, Corporate, Specialty Garments, and First Aid. We refer to the US and Canadian Rental and Cleaning, MFG, and Corporate reporting segments combined as our “Core Laundry Operations.”

Cost of revenues include the amortization of rental merchandise in service and merchandise costs related to direct sales as well as labor and other production, service and delivery costs, and distribution costs associated with operating our Core Laundry Operations, Specialty Garments facilities, and First Aid locations. Selling and administrative costs include costs related to our sales and marketing functions as well as general and administrative costs associated with our corporate offices, non-operating environmental sites and operating locations including information systems, engineering, materials management, manufacturing planning, finance, budgeting, and human resources.

We have a substantial number of plants and conduct a significant portion of our business in energy producing regions in the U.S and Canada. The dramatic decrease in oil prices beginning in 2014 and continuing to the present has directly affected our customers in the oil industry as they have curtailed their level of operations. In addition, this decline has also had a corresponding effect on our customers in businesses which service or supply the oil industry as well as our customers in unrelated businesses located in areas which had benefited from the economic expansion generated by the robust growth driven by the higher oil prices in prior years. As a result, our organic growth has been impacted by elevated headcount reductions in our wearer base as well as increased lost accounts. We expect the headcount reductions that we have experienced throughout fiscal 2016 to negatively impact organic growth into fiscal 2017. On the other hand, we have benefited from lower costs of the gasoline used to fuel our vehicles and the natural gas used to operate our plants. While it is difficult to quantify the positive and negative impacts on our future financial results from lower oil prices, the negative impact on our results from the cutbacks by our customers in the oil industry and other affected businesses have and will continue to outweigh the benefits from lower energy costs.

The cost of healthcare that we provide to our employees has grown over the last few years at a rate in excess of our revenue growth and as a result, has negatively impacted our operating results. In fiscal 2015, the Affordable Care Act (“ACA”) required us to modify one of the healthcare plans we provided to our employees. Moreover, it is generally expected that healthcare costs in the United States will increase over the coming years at rates in excess of inflation. As a result of these factors, and depending on the effect of the modifications we have made, and may make in the future, to our employee healthcare plans and enrollment levels in those plans, we expect that our future operating results will continue to be further adversely impacted by increasing healthcare costs.

We are currently undertaking a company-wide initiative to update our customer relationship management (“CRM”) systems. As of November 26, 2016, we have capitalized $50.5 million related to our CRM project (“Unity 20/20”). Although we have not deployed the system, we have continued to make investments in IT infrastructure, including headcount, to help support this and other technology initiatives that have impacted our results of operations. In addition, our future operating results will be impacted by the eventual depreciation of our Unity 20/20 investment.

Our business is subject to various state and federal regulations, including employment laws and regulations, minimum wage requirements, overtime requirements, working condition requirements, citizenship requirements, healthcare insurance mandates and other laws and regulations. We expect that our labor costs will rise in fiscal 2017 as a result of increases in state and local minimum wage levels as well as the recent update to the regulations under the Fair Labor Standards Act which has expanded the number of employees entitled to overtime pay. Although the current changes to the Fair Labor Standards Act have been put on hold due to litigation, they may still become effective in their current or a revised form.

A portion of our sales is derived from international markets, including Canada. Revenues denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar represented approximately 7.2% and 8.1% of total consolidated revenues for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and November 28, 2015, respectively. The operating results of our international subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars and such results are affected by movements in foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar. In addition, fluctuations in the Canadian dollar may have an effect on the margins of our Canadian business because a weaker Canadian dollar will increase the cost of merchandise and other operational inputs that are sourced from outside of Canada. Our operating results in future years could be negatively impacted by any devaluation, as compared to the U.S. dollar, of the Canadian dollar or any of the currencies of the other countries in which we operate.

Thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 compared with thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015

Revenues 

	November 26,		November 28,		Dollar			Percent
(In thousands, except percentages)	2016		2015		Change			Change
Core Laundry Operations	$	351,843	$	335,037	$	16,806			5.0	%
Specialty Garments		22,356		26,770		(4,414	)		-16.5
First Aid		11,909		11,577		332			2.9
Consolidated total	$	386,108	$	373,384	$	12,724			3.4	%

For the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016, our consolidated revenues increased by $12.7 million from the comparable period in fiscal 2016, or 3.4%. This increase was primarily due to a $16.8 million increase in revenues from our Core Laundry Operations. Revenues from our Core Laundry Operations increased to $351.8 million for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 from $335.0 million for the comparable period of fiscal 2016, or 5.0%. Excluding the positive effect of acquisitions which increased our revenues by 4.4%, organic growth for our Core Laundry Operations was 0.6%. Revenues from Core Laundry Operations were not significantly impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates compared to a year ago. The impact on our revenues from acquisitions was primarily the result of our acquisition of Arrow Uniform (“Arrow”) which was completed on September 19, 2016. Organic growth consists primarily of new sales, price increases, and net changes in the wearer levels at our existing customers, offset by lost accounts. Our organic growth during the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 continued to be negatively impacted by reductions at our customers that directly or indirectly support oil or other energy production in the United States and Canada.

Specialty Garments’ revenues decreased to $22.4 million in the first fiscal quarter of 2017 from $26.8 million in the comparable period of fiscal 2016, a decrease of $4.4 million or 16.5%. This segment’s results are often affected by the timing and length of its customers’ power reactor outages as well as its project-based activities. First Aid revenues increased to $11.9 million in the first quarter of 2017 from $11.6 million in the comparable period of fiscal 2016, an increase of $0.3 million or 2.9%.

Cost of Revenues

For the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016, cost of revenues increased to 61.8% of revenues, or $238.8 million, from 59.6% of revenues, or $222.6 million, for the thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015. This increase is partially the result of the Arrow acquisition. The operations related to the Arrow acquisition had costs of revenues during the quarter that were significantly higher as a percentage of revenues than the remaining Core Laundry Operations. In addition, our Core Laundry Operations, not including the new Arrow business, had higher merchandise, payroll and other production related expenses as a percentage of revenues compared to the thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015, partially due to the slow organic revenue growth discussed above.

Selling and Administrative Expense

Selling and administrative expenses were 20.6% and 19.5% of revenues for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and November 28, 2015, respectively. During the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016, this increase was primarily driven by higher payroll costs and other administrative costs, partially the result of investments in our CRM systems project and other technology initiatives. In addition, stock compensation expense was higher during the quarter due to the April 2016 restricted stock grant to our Chief Executive Officer. These higher costs were partially offset by lower costs associated with legal and environment contingencies compared to the thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015.

Depreciation and Amortization

Our depreciation and amortization expense was $22.1 million, or 5.7% of revenues, for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 compared to $19.7 million, or 5.3% of revenues, for the thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was primarily due to an increase in amortization resulting from the intangible assets acquired from Arrow as well as normal capital expenditure activity in earlier periods.

Income from Operations

For the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and November 28, 2015, changes in our revenues and costs as discussed above resulted in the following changes in our income from operations:

	November 26,		November 28,		Dollar			Percent
(In thousands, except percentages)	2016		2015		Change			Change
Core Laundry Operations	$	43,673	$	52,972	$	(9,299	)		-17.6	%
Specialty Garments		1,151		4,286		(3,135	)		-73.1
First Aid		933		1,036		(103	)		-10.0
Consolidated total	$	45,757	$	58,294	$	(12,537	)		-21.5	%

Other Income

Other income, which includes interest expense, interest income and exchange rate loss (gain), was $0.3 million of income in the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 compared to income of $0.1 million in the thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015. This increase of $0.2 million was primarily due to interest income of $1.0 million during the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 compared to interest income of $0.8 million during the thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015.

Provision for Income Taxes

Our effective income tax rate was 38.8% for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 compared to 38.5% for the thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015, respectively. The increase in our effective tax rate was due to a change in the mix of our jurisdictional earnings.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

General 

Cash and cash equivalents totaled $286.1 million as of November 26, 2016, a decrease of $77.7 million from August 27, 2016 when the amount totaled $363.8 million. Our working capital was $553.2 million as of November 26, 2016 compared to $625.0 million as of August 27, 2016. On September 19, 2016, we expended $119.9 million in cash upon closing of our acquisition of Arrow. We generated $63.5 million and $207.6 million in cash from operating activities in the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 and the full fiscal year ended August 27, 2016, respectively. We believe that our current cash and cash equivalent balances, our cash generated from future operations and amounts available under our Credit Agreement (defined below) will be sufficient to meet our current anticipated working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.

We have accumulated $53.8 million in cash outside the United States that is expected to be invested indefinitely in our foreign subsidiaries. If these funds were distributed to the U.S. in the form of dividends, we would likely be subject to additional U.S. income taxes. However, we do not believe that any resulting taxes payable would have a material impact on our liquidity.

Cash flows provided by operating activities have historically been the primary source of our liquidity. We generally use these cash flows to fund most, if not all, of our operations, capital expenditure and acquisition activities as well as dividends on our common stock. We may also use cash flows provided by operating activities, as well as proceeds from loans payable and long-term debt, to fund growth and acquisition opportunities, as well as other cash requirements.

Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 was $63.5 million, an increase of $5.9 million from the comparable period in the prior year when cash provided by operating activities was $57.6 million. The increased cash provided by operating activities was primarily related to a settlement of environmental litigation we entered into in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016 which resulted in a gain of $15.9 million booked as a reduction of selling and administrative expenses. The cash received related to this gain of $12.5 million was received in September 2016. This positive impact on net cash provided by operating activities was partially offset by lower net income during the quarter.

Cash Used in Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 was $138.3 million, an increase of $117.4 million from the comparable period in the prior year when cash used in investing activities was $20.9 million. The net increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily the result of our acquisition of Arrow which was completed on September 19, 2016 for approximately $119.9 million.

Cash Used in Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 was $0.4 million compared to cash used in financing activities of $1.1 million for the thirteen weeks ended November 28, 2015. This change was primarily due to a decrease in payments on loans; as of November 26, 2016 there is no long-term debt outstanding.

Long-Term Debt and Borrowing Capacity

On April 11, 2016, we entered into an amended and restated $250.0 million unsecured revolving credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with a syndicate of banks, which matures on April 11, 2021. The Credit Agreement amended and restated our prior $250.0 million revolving credit agreement, which was scheduled to mature on May 4, 2016. Under the Credit Agreement, we are able to borrow funds at variable interest rates based on, at our election, the Eurodollar rate or a base rate, plus in each case a spread based on our consolidated funded debt ratio. Availability of credit requires compliance with certain financial and other covenants, including a maximum consolidated funded debt ratio and minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio as defined in the Credit Agreement. We test our compliance with these financial covenants on a fiscal quarterly basis. At November 26, 2016, the interest rates applicable to our borrowings under the Credit Agreement would be calculated as LIBOR plus 75 basis points at the time of the respective borrowing. As of November 26, 2016, we had no outstanding borrowings and had outstanding letters of credit amounting to $58.0 million, leaving $192.0 million available for borrowing under the Credit Agreement.

As of November 26, 2016, we were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

In January 2015, we entered into sixteen forward contracts to exchange Canadian dollars (“CAD”) for U.S. dollars at fixed exchange rates in order to manage its exposure related to certain forecasted CAD denominated sales of one of its subsidiaries. The hedged transactions are specified as the first amount of CAD denominated revenues invoiced by one of our domestic subsidiaries each fiscal quarter, beginning in the third fiscal quarter of 2015 and continuing through the second fiscal quarter of 2019. In total, we will sell approximately 31.0 million CAD at an average Canadian-dollar exchange rate of 0.7825 over these quarterly periods. We concluded that the forward contracts met the criteria to qualify as a cash flow hedge under US GAAP. Accordingly, we have reflected all changes in the fair value of the forward contracts in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, a component of shareholders’ equity. Upon the maturity of each foreign exchange forward contract, the gain or loss on the contract will be recorded as an adjustment to revenues.

As of November 26, 2016, we had forward contracts with a notional value of approximately 15.3 million CAD outstanding and recorded the fair value of the contracts of $0.3 million in other long-term assets and $0.3 million in prepaid expenses and other current assets with a corresponding gain in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income of $0.4 million, which was recorded net of tax.During the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016, we reclassified $0.1 million from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income to revenue, related to the derivative financial instruments. The gain in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income as of November 26, 2016 is expected to be reclassified to revenues prior to its maturity on February 22, 2019.

Commitments and Contingencies

We are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations governing, among other things, air emissions, wastewater discharges, and the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of hazardous waste and other substances. In particular, industrial laundries use and must dispose of detergent waste water and other residues, and, in the past used perchloroethylene and other dry cleaning solvents. We are attentive to the environmental concerns surrounding the disposal of these materials and have, through the years, taken measures to avoid their improper disposal. In the past, we have settled, or contributed to the settlement of, actions or claims brought against us relating to the disposal of hazardous materials and there can be no assurance that we will not have to expend material amounts to remediate the consequences of any such disposal in the future.

US GAAP requires that a liability for contingencies be recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment is required to determine the existence of a liability, as well as the amount to be recorded. We regularly consult with attorneys and outside consultants in our consideration of the relevant facts and circumstances before recording a contingent liability. Changes in enacted laws, regulatory orders or decrees, management’s estimates of costs, risk-free interest rates, insurance proceeds, participation by other parties, the timing of payments, the input of our attorneys and outside consultants or other factual circumstances could have a material impact on the amounts recorded for environmental and other contingent liabilities.

Under environmental laws, an owner or lessee of real estate may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances located on, or in, or emanating from, such property, as well as related costs of investigation and property damage. Such laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or lessee knew of, or was responsible for the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. There can be no assurances that acquired or leased locations have been operated in compliance with environmental laws and regulations or that future uses or conditions will not result in the imposition of liability upon our Company under such laws or expose our Company to third-party actions such as tort suits. We continue to address environmental conditions under terms of consent orders negotiated with the applicable environmental authorities or otherwise with respect to sites located in or related to Woburn, Massachusetts, Somerville, Massachusetts, Springfield, Massachusetts, Uvalde, Texas, Stockton, California, three sites related to former operations in Williamstown, Vermont, as well as sites located in Goldsboro, North Carolina, Wilmington, North Carolina, Landover, Maryland and Syracuse, New York.

We have accrued certain costs related to the sites described above as it has been determined that the costs are probable and can be reasonably estimated. We have potential exposure related to a parcel of land (the "Central Area") related to the Woburn, Massachusetts site mentioned above. Currently, the consent decree for the Woburn site does not define or require any remediation work in the Central Area. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA") has provided us and other signatories to the consent decree with comments on the design and implementation of groundwater and soil remedies at the Woburn site and investigation of environmental conditions in the Central Area. We, and other signatories, have implemented and proposed to do additional work at the Woburn site but many of the EPA’s comments remain to be resolved. We have accrued costs to perform certain work responsive to EPA's comments. We have implemented mitigation measures and continue to monitor environmental conditions at the Somerville, Massachusetts site. In addition, we have received demands from the local transit authority for reimbursement of certain costs associated with its construction of a new municipal transit station in the area of our Somerville site. This station is part of a planned extension of the transit system. Due to cost projections of the extension which now substantially exceed original estimates, the local transit authority has placed the extension on hold pending its redesign and receipt of related state and federal approvals and funding increases. We have reserved for costs in connection with this matter; however, in light of the uncertainties associated with this matter, these costs and the related reserve may change. We have also received notice that the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection is conducting an audit of the Company’s investigation and remediation work with respect to the Somerville site.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, we entered into a settlement related to environmental litigation which resulted in a $15.9 million gain that was recorded as a reduction of selling and administrative expenses. This gain consisted of amounts previously received but not recognized into income as well as amounts that the Company received in September 2016.

We routinely review and evaluate sites that may require remediation and monitoring and determine our estimated costs based on various estimates and assumptions. These estimates are developed using our internal sources or by third party environmental engineers or other service providers. Internally developed estimates are based on:

• Management’s judgment and experience in remediating and monitoring our sites;

• Information available from regulatory agencies as to costs of remediation and monitoring;

• The number, financial resources and relative degree of responsibility of other potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) who may be liable for remediation and monitoring of a specific site; and

• The typical allocation of costs among PRPs.

There is usually a range of reasonable estimates of the costs associated with each site. In accordance with US GAAP, our accruals reflect the amount within the range that we believe is the best estimate or the low end of a range of estimates if no point within the range is a better estimate. Where we believe that both the amount of a particular liability and the timing of the payments are reliably determinable, we adjust the cost in current dollars using a rate of 3% for inflation until the time of expected payment and discount the cost to present value using current risk-free interest rates. As of November 26, 2016, the risk-free interest rates we utilized ranged from 2.4% to 3.0%.

For environmental liabilities that have been discounted, we include interest accretion, based on the effective interest method, in selling and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The changes to the amounts of our environmental liabilities for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016 were as follows (in thousands):

	November 26, 2016
Beginning balance as of August 27, 2016	$	26,748
Costs incurred for which reserves have been provided		(850	)
Insurance proceeds		38
Interest accretion		150
Change in discount rates		(1,544	)
Balance as of November 26, 2016	$	24,542

Anticipated payments and insurance proceeds relating to currently identified environmental remediation liabilities as of November 26, 2016, for the next five fiscal years and thereafter, as measured in current dollars, are reflected below.

(In thousands)	2017			2018			2019			2020			2021			Thereafter			Total
Estimated costs – current dollars	$	8,824		$	1,859		$	1,492		$	1,284		$	1,172		$	12,390		$	27,021
Estimated insurance proceeds		(135	)		(159	)		(173	)		(159	)		(173	)		(1,129	)		(1,928	)
Net anticipated costs	$	8,689		$	1,700		$	1,319		$	1,125		$	999		$	11,261		$	25,093
Effect of inflation																				7,406
Effect of discounting																				(7,957	)
Balance as of November 26, 2016																			$	25,542

Estimated insurance proceeds are primarily received from an annuity received as part of our legal settlement with an insurance company. Annual proceeds of approximately $0.3 million are deposited into an escrow account which funds remediation and monitoring costs for three sites related to our former operations in Williamstown, Vermont. Annual proceeds received but not expended in the current year accumulate in this account and may be used in future years for costs related to this site through the year 2027. As of November 26, 2016, the balance in this escrow account, which is held in a trust and is not recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet, was approximately $3.4 million. Also included in estimated insurance proceeds are amounts we are entitled to receive pursuant to legal settlements as reimbursements from three insurance companies for estimated costs at the site in Uvalde, Texas.

Our nuclear garment decontamination facilities are licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (“NRC”), or, in certain cases, by the applicable state agency, and are subject to regulation by federal, state and local authorities. We also have nuclear garment decontamination facilities in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. These facilities are licensed and regulated by the respective country’s applicable federal agency. There can be no assurance that such regulation will not lead to material disruptions in our garment decontamination business.

From time to time, we are also subject to legal proceedings and claims arising from the conduct of our business operations, including personal injury claims, customer contract matters, employment claims and environmental matters as described above.

While it is impossible for us to ascertain the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to contingent liabilities, including lawsuits and environmental contingencies, we believe that the aggregate amount of such liabilities, if any, in excess of amounts covered by insurance have been properly accrued in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. It is possible, however, that the future financial position and/or results of operations for any particular future period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or strategies related to these contingencies or changes out of our control.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of November 26, 2016, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-K.

Seasonality

Historically, our revenues and operating results have varied from quarter to quarter and are expected to continue to fluctuate in the future. These fluctuations have been due to a number of factors, including: general economic conditions in our markets; the timing of acquisitions and of commencing start-up operations and related costs; our effectiveness in integrating acquired businesses and start-up operations; the timing of nuclear plant outages; capital expenditures; seasonal rental and purchasing patterns of our customers; and price changes in response to competitive factors. In addition, our operating results historically have been lower during the second and fourth fiscal quarters than during the other quarters of the fiscal year. The operating results for any historical quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for an entire fiscal year or any other interim periods.

Effects of Inflation

In general, we believe that our results of operations are not dependent on moderate changes in the inflation rate. Historically, we have been able to manage the impacts of more significant changes in inflation rates through our customer relationships, customer agreements that generally provide for price increases consistent with the rate of inflation, and continued focus on improvements of operational productivity.

Contractual Obligations and Other Commercial Commitments

As of November 26, 2016, there were no material changes in our contractual obligations that were disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 27, 2016.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance for revenue recognition, which they have subsequently modified. This modified update provides a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires revenue to be recognized in a manner to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods, and any interim periods within those annual periods, that begin after December 15, 2017 and will be required to be applied retrospectively, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for us on August 26, 2018. We are currently evaluating the adoption method we will apply and the impact that this guidance will have on our financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2015, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance on consolidation requirements. This update changes the guidance with respect to the analysis that a reporting entity must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard became effective for us on August 28, 2016. We adopted this guidance and the adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued updated guidance on the presentation of debt issuance costs. This update changes the guidance with respect to presenting such costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. Amortization of the costs is reported as interest expense. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard became effective for the Company on August 28, 2016. We adopted this guidance and the adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued updated guidance which changes the measurement principle for inventory from the lower of cost or market to the lower of cost or net realizable value. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventory measured using last-in, first-out or the retail inventory method. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2016, and is to be applied prospectively, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for us on August 27, 2017. We expect that adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In September 2015, the FASB issued updated guidance that requires an entity to recognize adjustments made to provisional amounts that are identified in a business combination be recorded in the period such adjustments are determined, rather than retrospectively adjusting previously reported amounts. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015, and is to be applied prospectively, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard became effective for us on August 28, 2016. We adopted this guidance and the adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of certain financial assets and liabilities. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for us on August 26, 2018. We expect that adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance that improves transparency and comparability among companies by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and by disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for us on September 1, 2019. We are currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on our financial statements and related disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance that simplifies several aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions. This guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2016 and, depending on the amendment, must be applied using a prospective transition method, retrospective transition method, modified retrospective transition method, prospectively and/or retroactively, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for us on August 27, 2017. We are currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on our financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance that reduces diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. This guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods, and any interim periods within those annual periods, that begin after December 15, 2017 and will be required to be applied retrospectively, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for us on August 26, 2018. We are currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on our financial statements and related disclosures.

In October 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance to improve the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. This guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods, and any interim periods within those annual periods, that begin after December 15, 2017 and will be required to be applied on a modified retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for us on August 26, 2018. We are currently evaluating the impact that this guidance will have on our financial statements and related disclosures.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

We have determined that all of our foreign subsidiaries operate primarily in local currencies that represent the functional currencies of such subsidiaries. All assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. The effect of exchange rate fluctuations on the translation of assets and liabilities are recorded as a component of shareholders’ equity. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates in effect during each month of the fiscal year. As such, our financial condition and operating results are affected by fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar as compared to currencies in foreign countries. Revenues denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar represented approximately 7.2% of total consolidated revenues for the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016, and total assets denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar represented approximately 7.8% and 8.2% of total consolidated assets as of November 26, 2016 and August 27, 2016, respectively. If exchange rates had increased or decreased by 10% from the actual rates in effect during the thirteen weeks ended and as of November 26, 2016, our revenues and assets for the thirteen weeks ended and as of November 26, 2016 would have increased or decreased by approximately $2.8 million and $13.4 million, respectively.

In January 2015, we entered into sixteen forward contracts to exchange Canadian dollars (“CAD”) for U.S. dollars at fixed exchange rates in order to manage our exposure related to certain forecasted CAD denominated sales of one of our subsidiaries. The hedged transactions are specified as the first amount of CAD denominated revenues invoiced by one of our domestic subsidiaries each fiscal quarter, beginning in the third fiscal quarter of 2015 and continuing through the second fiscal quarter of 2019. In total, we will sell approximately 31.0 million CAD at an average Canadian-dollar exchange rate of 0.7825 over these quarterly periods. We concluded that the forward contracts met the criteria to qualify as a cash flow hedge under US GAAP. Accordingly, we have reflected all changes in the fair value of the forward contracts in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, a component of shareholders’ equity. Upon the maturity of each foreign exchange forward contract, the gain or loss on the contract will be recorded as an adjustment to revenues.

As of November 26, 2016, we had forward contracts with a notional value of approximately 15.3 million CAD outstanding and recorded the fair value of the contracts of $0.3 million in other long-term assets and $0.3 million in prepaid expenses and other current assets with a corresponding gain in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income of $0.4 million, which was recorded net of tax.During the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016, we reclassified $0.1 million from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income to revenue, related to the derivative financial instruments. The gain in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income as of November 26, 2016 is expected to be reclassified to revenues prior to its maturity on February 22, 2019.

Other than the forward contracts, discussed above, we do not operate a hedging program to mitigate the effect of a significant change in the value of our foreign subsidiaries functional currencies, which include the Canadian dollar, euro, British pound, Mexican peso and Nicaraguan cordoba, as compared to the U.S. dollar. Any losses or gains resulting from unhedged foreign currency transactions, including exchange rate fluctuations on intercompany accounts are reported as transaction losses (gains) in our other (income) expense. The intercompany payables and receivables are denominated in Canadian dollars, euros, British pounds, Mexican pesos and Nicaraguan cordobas. During the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016, transaction losses included in other (income) expense were approximately $0.5 million. If the exchange rates had changed by 10% during the thirteen weeks ended November 26, 2016, we would have recognized transaction gains or losses of approximately $0.8 million.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon their evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that material information relating to the Company required to be disclosed by the Company in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms and to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurances of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in designing and evaluating the controls and procedures. We continue to review our disclosure controls and procedures, and our internal control over financial reporting, and may from time to time make changes aimed at enhancing their effectiveness and to ensure that our systems evolve with our business.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the first quarter of fiscal year 2017 that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are subject to legal proceedings and claims arising from the current conduct of our business operations, including personal injury, customer contract, employment claims and environmental matters as described in our Consolidated Financial Statements. We maintain insurance coverage providing indemnification against many of such claims, and we do not expect that we will sustain any material loss as a result thereof. Refer to Note 11, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements, as well as Item 1A. Risk Factors below, for further discussion.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

To our knowledge, there have been no material changes in the risk factors described in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 27, 2016. In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 27, 2016, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

*	31.1 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Ronald D. Croatti
*	31.2 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Steven S. Sintros
**	32.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
**	32.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
	101 The following materials from UniFirst Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended November 26, 2016, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

*	Filed herewith
**	Furnished herewith

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		UniFirst Corporation
January 5, 2017	By:	/s/ Ronald D. Croatti Ronald D. Croatti President and Chief Executive Officer
January 5, 2017	By:	/s/ Steven S. Sintros Steven S. Sintros Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EXHIBIT INDEX

*	31.1 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Ronald D. Croatti
*	31.2 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Steven S. Sintros
**	32.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
**	32.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101 The following materials from UniFirst Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended November 26, 2016, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

*	Filed herewith
**	Furnished herewith