Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Fair value is the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid upon transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The transaction would be in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability, based on assumptions that a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability. The fair value hierarchy consists of three levels:

Level 1–quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date;

Level 2–inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3–unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

Assets/Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

As of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, we had assets related to our qualified pension plans measured at fair value. The required disclosures regarding such assets are presented in Note 9.

The following table summarizes our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022:


(In thousands)	December 31, 2023								December 31, 2022
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Short-term AFS securities(1)
Corporate debt securities	$	108,069	$	—	$	108,069	$	—	51,029		—		51,029		—
U.S. Treasury securities	48,109		—		48,109		—		44,133		—		44,133		—
U.S. governmental agency securities	5,916		—		5,916		—		22,084		—		22,084		—
Municipal securities	—		—		—		—		8,726		—		8,726		—


Total short-term AFS securities	$	162,094	$	—	$	162,094	$	—	$	125,972	$	—	$	125,972	$	—
Long-term AFS securities(1)
U.S. Treasury securities	$	149,859	$	—	$	149,859	$	—	$	24,414	$	—	$	24,414	$	—
Corporate debt securities	$	103,942	$	—	$	103,942	$	—	$	108,830	$	—	$	108,830	$	—
U.S. governmental agency securities	3,832		—		3,832		—		5,673		—		5,673		—

Total long-term AFS securities	$	257,633	$	—	$	257,633	$	—	$	138,917	$	—	$	138,917	$	—
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation(2)(3)	$	13,752	$	13,752	$	—	$	—	$	14,635	$	14,635	$	—	$	—
Contingent consideration	$	4,991	$	—	$	—	$	4,991	$	5,324	$	—	$	—	$	5,324

(1) We classified these investments as Level 2 since the fair value is based on market observable inputs for investments with similar terms and maturities.

(2) The deferred compensation liability, included in Other liabilities—Other in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, consists of deferrals under The New York Times Company Deferred Executive Compensation Plan (the “DEC”), a frozen plan that enabled certain eligible executives to elect to defer a portion of their compensation on a pre-tax basis. The deferred amounts are invested at the executives’ option in various mutual funds. The fair value of deferred compensation is based on the mutual fund investments elected by the executives and on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Participation in the DEC was frozen effective December 31, 2015.

(3) The Company invests the deferred compensation balance in life insurance products. Our investments in life insurance products are included in Miscellaneous assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and were $52.3 million as of December 31, 2023, and $48.4 million as of December 31, 2022. The fair value of these assets is measured using the net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent) and has not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

Level 3 Liabilities

The contingent consideration liability is related to the 2020 acquisition of substantially all the assets and certain liabilities of Serial and represents contingent payments based on the achievement of certain operational targets, as defined in the acquisition agreement, over the five years following the acquisition. The Company estimated the fair value using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model. The estimate of the fair value of contingent consideration requires subjective assumptions to be made regarding probabilities assigned to operational targets and the discount rate. As the fair value is based on significant unobservable inputs, this is a Level 3 liability.

The following table presents the changes in the balance of the contingent consideration during the year ended December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022:


(In thousands)	December 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	5,324	$	7,450
Payments	(3,448)		(2,586)
Fair value adjustments (1)	3,115		460
Contingent consideration at the end of the period	$	4,991	$	5,324

(1) Fair value adjustments are included in General and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The remaining contingent consideration balances as of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, of $5.0 million and $5.3 million, respectively, are included in Accrued expenses and other, for the current portion of the liability, and Other liabilities — Other, for the long-term portion of the liability, in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Assets Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

Certain non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, property, plant and equipment and certain investments are recognized at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These assets are measured at fair value if an impairment charge is recognized. We classified all of these measurements as Level 3, as we used unobservable inputs within the valuation methodologies that were significant to the fair value measurements, and the valuations required management’s judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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