Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standard Update(s)	Topic	Effective Period	Summary
2018-05	Income Taxes (Topic 740)	Upon issuance	The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued authoritative guidance that amends Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740 “Income Taxes” to conform with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin 118, issued in December 2017, which allowed SEC registrants to record provisional amounts for the year ended December 31, 2017, due to the complexities involved in accounting for the enactment of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we did not record any measurement period adjustments to the provisional estimate recorded at December 31, 2017 for the Tax Act. The accounting for the impact of the Tax Act is expected to be completed by the fourth quarter of 2018.
2018-02	Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.	The FASB issued authoritative guidance providing financial statement preparers with an option to reclassify stranded tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate related to the Tax Act is recorded. The Company elected to adopt this guidance to reclassify the stranded tax effects from AOCI to retained earnings in the first quarter of 2018. Our current accounting policy related to releasing tax effects from AOCI for pension and other postretirement benefits is a plan by plan approach. Accordingly, the Company recorded a $94.1 million cumulative effect adjustment for stranded tax effects, such as pension and other postretirement benefits, to “Retained earnings” on January 1, 2018. See Note 13 for more information.

Accounting Standard Update(s)	Topic	Effective Period	Summary
2017-07	Compensation—Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost	Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.	The FASB issued authoritative guidance that requires the service cost component of net periodic benefit costs to be presented separately from the other components of net periodic benefit costs. Service cost will be presented with other employee compensation cost within “Operating costs.” The other components of net periodic benefit costs, such as interest cost, amortization of prior service cost and gains or losses, are required to be presented outside of operations. The guidance should be applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component in the income statement and allows a practical expedient for the estimation basis for applying the retrospective presentation requirements. Since Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-07 only requires change to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations classification of the components of net periodic benefit cost, there are no changes to income from continuing operations or net income. As a result of the adoption of the ASU during the first quarter of 2018, the service cost component of net periodic benefit costs continues to be recognized in total operating costs and the other components of net periodic benefit costs have been reclassified to “Other components of net periodic benefit costs/(income)” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations below “Operating profit” on a retrospective basis. The Company reclassified $0.2 million and $1.0 million of credits from “Production costs” and “Selling and general and administrative costs,” respectively, to “Other components of net periodic benefit costs/(income)” in the third quarter of 2017 and $0.7 million and $2.9 million of credits from “Production costs” and “Selling and general and administrative costs,” respectively, to “Other components of net periodic benefit costs/(income)” in the first nine months of 2017. See Note 10 for the components of net periodic benefit costs/(income) for our pension and other postretirement benefits plans.
2016-18	Statement of Cash Flow: Restricted Cash	Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.	The FASB issued authoritative guidance that amends the guidance in ASC 230 on the classification and presentation of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. The key requirements of the ASU are: (1) all entities should include in their cash and cash-equivalent balances in the statements of cash flows those amounts that are deemed to be restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents, (2) a reconciliation between the statement of financial position and the statement of cash flows must be disclosed when the statement of financial position includes more than one line item for cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, (3) changes in restricted cash that result from transfers between cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash should not be presented as cash flow activities in the statement of cash flows and (4) an entity with a material balance of amounts generally described as restricted cash must disclose information about the nature of the restrictions. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-18 in the first quarter of 2018, the Company included the restricted cash balance with the cash and cash equivalents balances in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows on a retrospective basis. The reclassification did not have a material impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the first nine months of 2017. The Company has added a reconciliation from the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. See Note 8 for more information.

Accounting Standard Update(s)	Topic	Effective Period	Summary
2016-01 2018-03	Financial Instruments—Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities	Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years.	The FASB issued authoritative guidance that addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments, including requirements to measure most equity investments at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, to perform a qualitative assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values, and to separately present financial assets and liabilities by measurement category and by type of financial asset on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements. We adopted ASU 2016-01 in the first quarter of 2018 and elected the measurement alternative, defined as cost, less impairments, adjusted by observable price changes, given our equity instruments are without readily determinable fair values. This guidance did not impact our available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities because we only hold debt securities. We also early adopted ASU 2018-03 in the first quarter of 2018. The adoptions of ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03 did not have a material effect on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 6 for more information.
2014-09 2016-08 2016-10 2016-12	Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)	Fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2017	The FASB issued authoritative guidance that prescribes a single comprehensive model for entities to use in the accounting of revenue arising from contracts with customers. The new guidance supersedes virtually all existing revenue guidance under GAAP. There are two transition options available to entities: the full retrospective approach or the modified retrospective approach. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Topic 606. The Company has elected the modified retrospective approach, which allows for the new revenue standard to be applied to all existing contracts as of the effective date and a cumulative catch-up adjustment to be recorded to “Retained earnings.” The Company recognizes revenue under the core principle to depict the transfer of control to the Company’s customers in an amount reflecting the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled. In order to achieve that core principle, the Company applies the following five-step approach: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when a performance obligation is satisfied. The most significant change to the Company’s accounting practices related to accounting for certain licensing arrangements in the other revenue category for which archival and updated content is included. Under the former revenue guidance, licensing revenue was generally recognized over the term of the contract based on the annual minimum guarantee amount specified in the contractual agreement with the licensee. Based on the guidance of Topic 606, the Company has determined that the archival content and updated content included in these licensing arrangements represent two separate performance obligations. As such, a portion of the total contract consideration related to the archival content was recognized at the commencement of the contract when control of the archival content is transferred. The remaining contractual consideration will be recognized proportionately over the term of the contract when updated content is transferred to the licensee, in line with when the control of the new content is transferred. The net impact of these changes accelerated the revenue of contracts not completed as of January 1, 2018. In connection with the adoption of the standard the Company recorded a net increase to opening retained earnings of $2.6 million ($3.5 million before tax) and a contract asset of $3.5 million, with $1.3 million categorized as a current asset and $2.2 million categorized as a long term asset as of January 1, 2018. The impact to “Other revenues” as a result of applying Topic 606 will be a decrease of $1.3 million for the twelve months ended December 30, 2018. Our subscription and advertising revenues were not changed by the new guidance. See Note 3 for more information on our revenues and the application of Topic 606.

Recently Issued and Not Yet Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standard Update(s)	Topic	Effective Period	Summary
2018-15	Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software	Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.	The FASB issued authoritative guidance that clarifies the accounting for implementation costs in cloud computing arrangements. The standard provides that implementation costs be evaluated for capitalization using the same criteria as that used for internal-use software development costs, with amortization expense being recorded in the same income statement expense line as the hosted service costs and over the expected term of the hosting arrangement. We are currently in the process of evaluating the impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
2018-14	Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General	Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.	The FASB issued authoritative guidance that modifies the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement benefit plans. The guidance removes disclosures, clarifies the specific requirements of disclosures and adds disclosure requirements identified as relevant. We are currently in the process of evaluating the impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
2018-13	Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) Disclosure Framework	Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.	The FASB issued authoritative guidance that modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. We are currently in the process of evaluating the impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
2016-13	Financial Instruments—Credit Losses	Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years.	The FASB issued authoritative guidance that amends guidance on reporting credit losses for assets, including trade receivables, available-for-sale marketable securities and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash. For trade receivables, ASU 2016-13 eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold in current generally accepted accounting standards, and, instead, requires an entity to reflect its current estimate of all expected credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the gross trade receivables balance to present the net amount expected to be collected. For available-for-sale marketable securities, credit losses should be measured in a manner similar to current generally accepted accounting standards; however, ASU 2016-13 will require that credit losses be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down.

Accounting Standard Update(s)	Topic	Effective Period	Summary
2016-02 2018-10 2018-11	Leases	Fiscal years beginning after December 30, 2018. Early adoption is permitted.	The FASB issued authoritative guidance that provides guidance on accounting for leases and disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. The guidance requires lessees to recognize the following for all operating and finance leases at the commencement date: (1) a lease liability, which is the obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis, and (2) a right-of-use asset representing the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, the underlying asset for the lease term. A lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases with a term of 12 months or less. The guidance does not fundamentally change lessor accounting; however, some changes have been made to align that guidance with the lessee guidance and other areas within GAAP. The Company expects to adopt this guidance in the first quarter of 2019 utilizing the alternative transition method. Upon adoption, the Company expects to elect the transition package of practical expedients permitted within the new standard, which, among other things, allows the carryforward of the historical lease classification and allows the Company to recognize a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The Company continues to evaluate which other, if any, practical expedients will be elected. The adoption of the standards will require us to add right-of-use assets and lease liabilities onto our balance sheet. Based on our lease portfolio at December 31, 2017, the right-of-use asset and lease liability would have been in the range of $40 million to $45 million on our Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the remaining lease payments, with no material impact to our Consolidated Statement of Operations or liquidity. However, the ultimate impact of adopting ASU 2016-02 will depend on the Company’s lease portfolio as of the adoption date.