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BUSINESS DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2012
BUSINESS DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  
Consolidation

 

        The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries after the elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. All material subsidiaries are wholly owned. The Company consolidated variable interest entities where it has determined it is the primary beneficiary of those entities' operations.

Use of Estimates

 

        The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. of America (GAAP) requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Foreign Currency Translation

 

        Financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company's international subsidiaries are measured using local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rates in effect at each fiscal year end. Translation adjustments arising from the use of differing exchange rates from period to period are included in accumulated other comprehensive income within shareholders' equity. Statement of Operations accounts are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. The different exchange rates from period to period impact the amount of reported income from the Company's international operations.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

        Cash equivalents consist of investments in short-term, highly liquid securities having original maturities of three months or less, which are made as a part of the Company's cash management activity. The carrying values of these assets approximate their fair market values. The Company primarily utilizes a cash management system with a series of separate accounts consisting of lockbox accounts for receiving cash, concentration accounts that funds are moved to, and several "zero balance" disbursement accounts for funding of payroll and accounts payable. As a result of the Company's cash management system, checks issued, but not presented to the banks for payment, may create negative book cash balances. There were no checks outstanding in excess of related book cash balances at June 30, 2012 and 2011.

Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

        The receivable balance on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet primarily includes accounts and notes receivable from franchisees and credit card receivables. The balance is presented net of an allowance for expected losses (i.e., doubtful accounts), primarily related to the receivables from the Company's franchisees. The Company monitors the financial condition of its franchisees and records provisions for estimated losses on receivables when it believes its franchisees are unable to make their required payments based on factors such as delinquencies and aging trends. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company's best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses related to existing accounts and notes receivables.

        The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts:

 
  For the Years Ended June 30,  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Beginning balance

  $ 1,482   $ 3,170   $ 2,382  

Bad debt expense

    454     853     1,040  

Write-offs

    (714 )   (2,549 )   (252 )

Other (primarily the impact of foreign currency fluctuations)

    10     8      
               

Ending balance

  $ 1,232   $ 1,482   $ 3,170  
               
Note Receivables, Net

 

        The note receivable balances within the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet primarily include note receivables related to the Company's investments in EEG and MY Style, a note receivable with the purchaser of Trade Secret and note receivables with our franchisees. The Company monitors the financial condition of its counterparties with an outstanding note receivable and records provisions for estimated losses on receivables when it believes the counterparties are unable to make their required payments. As of June 30, 2012, the outstanding note receivable balances with EEG and MY Style were in good standing with no associated valuation allowance. See discussion of the note receivables related to the purchaser of Trade Secret and Company's investments in EEG and MY Style within Notes 2 and 6, respectively, to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Inventories

 

        Inventories of finished goods consist principally of hair care products for retail product sales. A portion of inventories are also used for salon services consisting of hair color, hair care products including shampoo and conditioner and hair care treatments including permanents, neutralizers and relaxers. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined on a weighted average cost basis.

        Physical inventory counts are performed annually. Product and service inventories are adjusted based on the results of the physical inventory counts. Between the physical inventory counts, cost of retail product sold to salon guests is determined based on the weighted average cost of product sold, adjusted for an estimated shrinkage factor, and the cost of product used in salon services is determined by applying estimated gross profit margins to service revenues. The estimated gross profit margins related to service inventories are updated semi-annually based on the results of the physical inventory counts and other factors that could impact the Company's margin rate estimates such as mix of service sales, discounting and special promotions. Actual results for the estimated gross margin percentage as compared to the semi-annual estimates have not historically resulted in material adjustments to our Statement of Operations.

Property and Equipment

 

        Property and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment are computed on the straight-line method over estimated useful asset lives (30 to 39 years for buildings, 10 years for improvements and three to ten years for equipment, furniture and software). Depreciation expense was $101.7, $88.6, and $92.5 million in fiscal years 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the related lease term, generally ten years. For leases with renewal periods at the Company's option, management may determine at the inception of the lease that renewal is reasonably assured if failure to exercise a renewal option imposes an economic penalty to the Company. In such cases, the Company will include the renewal option period along with the original lease term in the determination of appropriate estimated useful lives.

        The Company capitalizes both internal and external costs of developing or obtaining computer software for internal use. Costs incurred to develop internal-use software during the application development stage are capitalized, while data conversion, training and maintenance costs associated with internal-use software are expensed as incurred. At June 30, 2012 and 2011, the net book value of capitalized software costs was $26.7 and $34.1 million, respectively. Depreciation expense related to capitalized software was $22.3, $8.4, and $8.5 million in fiscal years 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, which has been determined based on an estimated useful life of five or seven years.

        Historically, because of the Company's large size and scale requirements it has been necessary for the Company to internally develop and support its own proprietary point-of-sale (POS) information system. During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2011, the Company identified a third party POS alternative that has a system that meets current and future functionality requirements including enhanced guest demographics. At June 30, 2011, the Company reassessed and adjusted the remaining useful life of the Company's capitalized POS software to six months as locations using the Company's existing POS information system move to a third party POS alternative by December 31, 2011. Based on the results of the implementation of the third party POS alternative during each of the three month periods ended March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Company reassessed and extended the useful life of the Company's capitalized POS software by three months. Depreciation expense related to the existing POS information system during the twelve months ended June 30, 2012, included $16.2 million ($10.2 million net of tax or $0.18 per diluted share) of accelerated depreciation related to the change in useful life. As of June 30, 2012, the previously internally developed POS was fully depreciated.

        Expenditures for maintenance and repairs and minor renewals and betterments, which do not improve or extend the life of the respective assets are expensed. All other expenditures for renewals and betterments are capitalized. The assets and related depreciation and amortization accounts are adjusted for property retirements and disposals with the resulting gain or loss included in operating income. Fully depreciated or amortized assets remain in the accounts until retired from service.

Investment In and Loans to Affiliates

 

        The Company has equity investments in securities of certain privately held entities. The Company accounts for these investments under the equity method of accounting. The Company also has loans receivable from certain of these entities. Investments accounted for under the equity method are recorded at the amount of the Company's investment and adjusted each period for the Company's share of the investee's income or loss. Investments are reviewed for changes in circumstance or the occurrence of events that suggest the Company's investment may not be recoverable. During fiscal year 2012, we entered into a Share Purchase Agreement to sell the Company's 46.7 percent equity interest in Provalliance for a purchase price of €80 million. As such, we recorded a net impairment of $17.2 million related to our investment in Provalliance. In addition, during fiscal year 2012, we recorded an impairment of $19.4 million related to our investment in EEG. During fiscal year 2011, we recorded an impairment of $9.2 million related to our investment in MY Style. See further discussion within Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Self Insurance Accruals

 

        The Company uses a combination of third party insurance and self-insurance for a number of risks including workers' compensation, health insurance, employment practice liability and general liability claims. The liability represents the Company's estimate of the undiscounted ultimate cost of uninsured claims incurred as of the balance sheet date.

        The workers' compensation, general liability and employment practice liability analysis includes applying loss development factors to the Company's historical claims data (total paid and incurred amounts per claim) for all policy years where the Company has not reached its aggregate limits to project the future development of incurred claims. The workers' compensation analysis is performed for three models; California, Texas and all other states. A variety of accepted actuarial methodologies are followed to determine these liabilities, including several methods to predict the loss development factors for each policy period. These liabilities are determined by modeling the frequency (number of claims) and severity (cost of claims), fitting statistical distributions to the experience, and then running simulations. A similar analysis is performed for both general liability and employment practices liability; however, it is a single model for all liability claims rather than the three separate models used for workers' compensation.

        The health insurance analysis utilizes trailing twelve months of paid and 24 months of incurred medical and prescription claims to project the amount of incurred but not yet reported claims liability amount. The lag factors are developed based on the Company's specific claim data utilizing a completion factor methodology. The developed factor, expressed as a percentage of paid claims, is applied to the trailing twelve months of paid claims to calculate the estimated liability amount. The calculated liability amount is reviewed for reasonableness based on reserve adequacy ranges for historical periods by testing prior reserve levels against actual expenses to date.

        Although the Company does not expect the amounts ultimately paid to differ significantly from the estimates, self-insurance accruals could be affected if future claims experience differs significantly from the historical trends and actuarial assumptions. For fiscal year 2012, the Company recorded an increase in expense from changes in estimates related to prior year open policy periods related to continuing operations of $0.7 million. For fiscal year 2011, the Company recorded an increase in expense from changes in estimates related to prior year open policy periods related to continuing operations of $1.4 million. For fiscal year 2010, the Company recorded a decrease in expense from changes in estimates related to prior year open policy periods related to continuing operations of $1.7 million. A 10.0 percent change in the self-insurance reserve would affect (loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in (loss) income of affiliated companies by $4.8, $4.6, and $4.5 million for the three years ended June 30, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Company updates loss projections twice each year and adjusts its recorded liability to reflect the current projections. The updated loss projections consider new claims and developments associated with existing claims for each open policy period. As certain claims can take years to settle, the Company has multiple policy periods open at any point in time.

        As the workers' compensation accrual is the majority of the self-insurance accrual, below is a rollforward of the activity within the Company's workers' compensation self-insurance accrual:

 
  For the Years Ended June 30,  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Beginning balance

  $ 32,994   $ 30,082   $ 31,505  

Provision for incurred losses

    14,133     13,993     14,739  

Prior year actuarial loss development

    1,221     2,231     35  

Claim payments

    (14,140 )   (12,584 )   (14,867 )

Other, net

    415     (728 )   (1,330 )
               

Ending balance

  $ 34,623   $ 32,994   $ 30,082  
               

        As of June 30, 2012, the Company had $15.5 and $32.5 million recorded in current liabilities and noncurrent liabilities, respectively, related to the Company's self-insurance accruals, which includes the workers' compensation self-insurance accrual. As of June 30, 2011, the Company had $14.7 and $30.9 million recorded in current liabilities and noncurrent liabilities, respectively, related to the Company's self-insurance accruals, which includes the workers' compensation self-insurance accrual.

Goodwill

 

        Goodwill is tested for impairment annually or at the time of a triggering event. In evaluating whether goodwill is impaired, the Company compares the carrying value of each reporting unit, including goodwill, to the estimated fair value of the reporting unit. The carrying value of each reporting unit is based on the assets and liabilities associated with the operations of the reporting unit, including allocation of shared or corporate balances among reporting units. Allocations are generally based on the number of salons in each reporting unit as a percent of total company-owned salons.

        The Company calculates the estimated fair value of the reporting units based on discounted future cash flows that utilize estimates in annual revenue, gross margins, fixed expense rates, allocated corporate overhead, and long-term growth rates for determining terminal value. The Company's estimated future cash flows also take into consideration acquisition integration and maturation. Where available and as appropriate, comparative market multiples are used in conjunction with the results of the discounted cash flows. The Company considers its various concepts to be reporting units when testing for goodwill impairment because that is where the goodwill resides. The Company periodically engages third-party valuation consultants to assist in evaluation of the Company's estimated fair value calculations.

        In the situations where a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value, the amount of the impairment loss must be measured. The measurement of impairment is calculated by determining the implied fair value of a reporting unit's goodwill. In calculating the implied fair value of goodwill, the fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all other assets and liabilities of that unit based on the relative fair values under the assumption of a taxable transaction. The excess of the fair value of the reporting unit over the amount assigned to its assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. The goodwill impairment is measured as the excess of the carrying value of goodwill over its implied fair value.

        As previously disclosed, the Company concluded that it was reasonably likely that goodwill for the Regis and Hair Restoration Centers reporting units might become impaired in future periods. During the three months ended December 31, 2011 the Company updated the projections for the Hair Restoration Centers reporting unit used in the fiscal 2011 annual impairment test to reflect the impact of recent industry developments, including a slow down in revenue growth and increasing supply costs. The Company determined there was a triggering event as it was more likely than not that the fair value of the Hair Restoration Centers was below carrying value and performed an interim impairment test of goodwill during the three months ended December 31, 2011. There were no triggering events relative to the Company's other reporting units.

        As a result of the Company's interim impairment test of goodwill related to the Hair Restoration Centers reporting unit during the second quarter of fiscal year 2012, a $78.4 million impairment charge was recorded within continuing operations for the excess of the carrying value of goodwill over the implied fair value of the goodwill for the Hair Restorations Centers reporting unit. After the impairment charge the Hair Restoration Centers reporting unit had $74.4 million of goodwill. The impairment was only partially deductible for tax purposes resulting in a tax benefit of $5.9 million. See further discussion on the effective tax rate for the twelve months ended June 30, 2012 within Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

        As a result of the Company's annual impairment testing of goodwill during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012, a $67.7 million impairment charge was recorded within continuing operations for the excess of the carrying value of goodwill over the implied fair value of the goodwill for the Regis salon concept. The Regis salon concept reported same-store sales of negative 4.0 percent for the ten months ended April 30, 2012, which was unfavorable compared to the Company's budgeted same-store sales. Visitation patterns did not rebound as quickly as the Company originally projected. Accordingly, the Company reduced the budgeted financial projections for future years. After the impairment charge the Regis salon concept reporting unit had $35.1 million of goodwill. The impairment was only partially deductible for tax purposes resulting in a tax benefit of $12.5 million.

        As of June 30, 2012, the estimated fair value of the Promenade salon concept and Hair Restoration Centers reporting units exceeded the carrying value by approximately 14.0 and 12.0 percent, respectively. The respective fair values of the Company's remaining reporting units exceeded carrying value by greater than 20.0 percent at June 30, 2012. While the Company has determined the estimated fair value of Promenade to be appropriate based on the historical level of revenue growth, operating income and cash flows, it is reasonably likely that Promenade may experience additional impairment in future periods. As previously disclosed, the Company has agreed to sell the Hair Restoration Centers reporting unit in the first half of fiscal year 2013; however, until this reporting unit is sold it is reasonably likely that there could be impairment of the Hair Restoration Centers reporting unit's goodwill in future periods. The term "reasonably likely" refers to an occurrence that is more than remote but less than probable in the judgment of the Company. Because some of the inherent assumptions and estimates used in determining the fair value of the reportable segment are outside the control of management, changes in these underlying assumptions can adversely impact fair value. Potential impairment of a portion or all of the carrying value of goodwill for the Promenade salon concept and Hair Restoration Centers reporting units is dependent on many factors and cannot be predicted with certainty.

        As of June 30, 2012, the Company's estimated fair value, as determined by the sum of our reporting units' fair value reconciled to within a reasonable range of our market capitalization which included an assumed control premium.

        A summary of the Company's goodwill balance as of June 30, 2012 and 2011 by reporting unit is as follows:

Reporting Unit
  June 30, 2012   June 30, 2011  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Regis

  $ 34,992   $ 103,761  

MasterCuts

    4,652     4,652  

SmartStyle

    49,476     48,916  

Supercuts

    129,621     129,477  

Promenade

    243,538     240,910  
           

Total North America Salons

    462,279     527,716  

Hair Restoration Centers

    74,376     152,796  
           

Consolidated Goodwill

  $ 536,655   $ 680,512  
           

        As a result of the goodwill impairment analyses performed in fiscal years 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded $74.1 and $35.3 million, respectively, impairment charges within continuing operations for the excess of the carrying value of goodwill over the implied fair value of goodwill for the Promenade salon concept in fiscal year 2011 and the Regis salon concept in fiscal year 2010.

Long-Lived Asset Impairment Assessments, Excluding Goodwill

 

        The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment at the salon level annually or if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. The Company's test for impairment of property and equipment is performed at a salon level, as this is the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. Impairment is evaluated based on the sum of undiscounted estimated future cash flows expected to result from use of the assets that does not recover the carrying value of the related salon assets. When the sum of a salon's undiscounted estimated future cash flow is zero or negative, impairment is measured as the full carrying value of the related salon's equipment and leasehold improvements. When the sum of a salon's undiscounted cash flows is greater than zero but less than the carrying value of the related salon's equipment and leasehold improvements, a discounted cash flow analysis is performed to estimate the fair value of the salon assets and impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value of the salon assets and the estimated fair value. The fair value estimate is based on the best information available, including market data.

        As a result of the Company's annual impairment analysis of long-lived assets, the following impairment charges were recognized during fiscal years 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, related primarily to the carrying value of certain salons' property and equipment within our North American, International, and Hair Restoration Centers segments:

 
  For the Years Ended June 30,  
 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

North American salons

  $ 6,066   $ 6,115   $ 6,253  

International salons

    570     394     175  

Hair restoration centers

        172      
               

Total

  $ 6,636   $ 6,681   $ 6,428  
               

        The Company also evaluated the appropriateness of the remaining useful lives of its non-impaired property and equipment and whether a change to the depreciation charge was warranted. Impairment charges for continuing operations are included in depreciation related to company-owned salons in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Deferred Rent and Rent Expense

 

        The Company leases most salon and hair restoration center locations under operating leases. Rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Tenant improvement allowances funded by landlord incentives, rent holidays, and rent escalation clauses which provide for scheduled rent increases during the lease term or for rental payments commencing at a date other than the date of initial occupancy are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term (including one renewal option period if renewal is reasonably assured based on the imposition of an economic penalty for failure to exercise the renewal option). The difference between the rent due under the stated periods of the lease compared to that of the straight-line basis is recorded as deferred rent within other noncurrent liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

        For purposes of recognizing incentives and minimum rental expenses on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases, the Company uses the date that it obtains the legal right to use and control the leased space to begin amortization, which is generally when the Company enters the space and begins to make improvements in preparation of intended use of the leased space.

        Certain leases provide for contingent rents, which are determined as a percentage of revenues in excess of specified levels. The Company records a contingent rent liability in accrued expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, along with the corresponding rent expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations, when specified levels have been achieved or when management determines that achieving the specified levels during the fiscal year is probable.

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue

 

        Company-owned salon revenues and related cost of sales are recognized at the time of sale, as this is when the services have been provided or, in the case of product revenues, delivery has occurred, and the salon receives the guest's payment. Revenues from purchases made with gift cards are also recorded when the guest takes possession of the merchandise or services are provided. Gift cards issued by the Company are recorded as a liability (deferred revenue) until they are redeemed.

        Product sales by the Company to its franchisees are included within product revenues on the Consolidated Statement of Operations and recorded at the time product is shipped to franchise locations. The related cost of product sold to franchisees is included within cost of product in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

        Company-owned hair restoration center revenues stem primarily from servicing hair systems and surgical procedures, as well as through product and hair system sales. The Company records deferred revenue for contracts related to the servicing of hair systems and recognizes the revenue ratably over the term of the service contract. Revenues are recognized related to surgical procedures when the procedure is performed. Product revenues, including sales of hair systems, are recognized at the time of application, as this is when delivery occurs and payment is probable.

        Franchise revenues primarily include royalties, initial franchise fees and net rental income (see Note 10). Royalties are recognized as revenue in the month in which franchisee services are rendered. The Company recognizes revenue from initial franchise fees at the time franchise locations are opened, as this is generally when the Company has performed all initial services required under the franchise agreement.

Consideration Received from Vendors

 

        The Company receives consideration for a variety of vendor-sponsored programs. These programs primarily include volume rebates and promotion and advertising reimbursements. Promotion and advertising reimbursements are discussed under Advertising within this note.

        With respect to volume rebates, the Company estimates the amount of rebate it will receive and accrues it as a reduction of the cost of inventory over the period in which the rebate is earned based upon historical purchasing patterns and the terms of the volume rebate program. A periodic analysis is performed, at least quarterly, in order to ensure that the estimated rebate accrued is reasonable, and any necessary adjustments are recorded.

Shipping and Handling Costs

 

        Shipping and handling costs are incurred to store, move and ship product from the Company's distribution centers to company-owned and franchise locations, and include an allocation of internal overhead. Such shipping and handling costs related to product shipped to company-owned locations are included in site operating expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Shipping and handling costs related to shipping product to franchise locations totaled $3.8, $3.5, and $2.9 million during fiscal years 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, and are included within general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Any amounts billed to the franchisee for shipping and handling are included in product revenues within the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Advertising

 

        Advertising costs, including salon collateral material, are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs expensed and included in continuing operations in fiscal years 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $58.7, $63.3, and $54.9 million, respectively.

        The Company participates in cooperative advertising programs under which the vendor reimburses the Company for costs related to advertising for its products. The Company records such reimbursements as a reduction of advertising expense when the expense is incurred. During fiscal years 2012, 2011, and 2010, no amounts were received in excess of the Company's related expense.

Advertising Funds

 

        The Company has various franchising programs supporting its franchise salon concepts consisting of Supercuts, Cost Cutters, First Choice Haircutters, Magicuts, Pro-Cuts, Beauty Supply Outlet and Hair Club. Most of the concepts maintain advertising funds that provide comprehensive advertising and sales promotion support.

        The Supercuts advertising fund is the Company's largest advertising fund. The Supercuts advertising fund is administered by a council consisting primarily of franchisee representatives. The council has overall control of all of the fund's expenditures and operates in accordance with terms of the franchise operating and other agreements.

        Each Supercuts salon contributes 5.0 percent of service revenues to the fund (contributions for other concepts range between 1.5 and 5.0 percent). The majority of the advertising funds are spent to support media placement and local marketing activities. The remainder is allocated for the creation of national advertising campaigns and system wide activities. None of the Supercuts advertising funds collected may be used by the Company as reimbursement for the cost of administering the advertising fund. Advertising funds can only be used as directed by the fund's council and are considered to be restricted.

        The Company records all advertising funds as assets and liabilities within the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of June 30, 2012 and 2011, approximately $14.8 and $16.7 million, respectively, of the advertising funds' assets and liabilities were recorded within total assets and total liabilities in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet.

        The Company records advertising expense in the period the company-owned salon makes contributions to the respective advertising fund. During fiscal years 2012, 2011, and 2010, total contributions to the franchise brand advertising funds totaled $42.0, $41.9, and $39.8 million, respectively.

        The Company acts as an agent for the franchisees with regard to these contributions to the advertising funds. Thus, in accordance with guidance for accounting for franchise fee revenue, the Company does not reflect contributions to these advertising funds by its franchisees in its Consolidated Statement of Operations or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows but reflects the related assets and liabilities in its Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Preopening Expenses

 

        Non-capital expenditures such as payroll, training costs and promotion incurred prior to the opening of a new location are expensed as incurred.

Sales Taxes

 

        Sales taxes are recorded on a net basis (rather than as both revenue and an expense) within the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Income Taxes

 

        Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or income tax returns. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using currently enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. Realization of deferred tax assets is ultimately dependent upon future taxable income. Inherent in the measurement of deferred balances are certain judgments and interpretations of tax laws and published guidance with respect to the Company's operations. Income tax expense is primarily the current tax payable for the period and the change during the period in certain deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Net (Loss) Income Per Share

 

        The Company's basic earnings per share is calculated as net (loss) income divided by weighted average common shares outstanding, excluding unvested outstanding restricted stock awards and restricted stock units. The Company's dilutive earnings per share is calculated as net (loss) income divided by weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding, which includes shares issuable under the Company's stock option plan and long-term incentive plan, and dilutive securities. Stock-based awards with exercise prices greater than the average market value of the Company's common stock are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share. The Company's diluted earnings per share will also reflect the assumed conversion under the Company's convertible debt if the impact is dilutive, along with the exclusion of interest expense, net of taxes. The impact of the convertible debt is excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share when interest expense per common share obtainable upon conversion is greater than basic earnings per share.

Comprehensive (Loss) Income

 

        Components of comprehensive (loss) income for the Company include net (loss) income, changes in fair value of financial instruments designated as hedges of interest rate or foreign currency exposure, recognition of deferred compensation, and foreign currency translation charged or credited to the cumulative translation account within shareholders' equity. These amounts are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity and Comprehensive Income.

 
  2012   2011   2010  
 
  (Dollars in thousands)
 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, balance at July 1

  $ 77,946   $ 47,032   $ 51,855  

Cumulative translation adjustment:

                   

Balance at July 1

    87,814     57,409     62,825  

Pre-tax amount

    (24,254 )   30,405     (5,416 )

Tax effect

             
               

Net of tax amount

    (24,254 )   30,405     (5,416 )
               

Balance at June 30

    63,560     87,814     57,409  
               

Unrecognized loss on net investment hedge:

                   

Balance at July 1

    (7,932 )   (7,932 )   (7,932 )

Pre-tax amount

             

Tax effect

             
               

Net of tax amount

             
               

Balance at June 30

    (7,932 )   (7,932 )   (7,932 )
               

Changes in fair market value of financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges:

                   

Balance at July 1

    (372 )   (504 )   (2,971 )

Pre-tax amount

    603     218     3,949  

Tax effect

    (210 )   (86 )   (1,482 )
               

Net of tax amount

    393     132     2,467  
               

Balance at June 30

    21     (372 )   (504 )
               

Recognition of deferred compensation:

                   

Balance at July 1

    (1,564 )   (1,941 )   (67 )

Pre-tax amount

    1,673     609     (3,184 )

Tax effect

    (644 )   (232 )   1,310  
               

Net of tax amount

    1,029     377     (1,874 )
               

Balance at June 30

    (535 )   (1,564 )   (1,941 )
               

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, balance at June 30

  $ 55,114   $ 77,946   $ 47,032  
               
Derivative Instruments

 

        The Company may manage its exposure to interest rate and foreign currency risk within the Consolidated Financial Statements through the use of derivative financial instruments, according to its hedging policy. The Company does not use derivatives with a level of complexity or with a risk higher than the exposures to be hedged and does not hold or issue derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. The Company currently has or has had interest rate swaps designated as both cash flow and fair value hedges, treasury locks designated as cash flow hedges, a hedge of its net investment in its European operations and forward foreign currency contracts designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions denominated in a foreign currency. Refer to Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

        The Company follows guidance for accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities, as amended and interpreted, which requires that all derivatives be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. This guidance also requires companies to designate all derivatives that qualify as hedging instruments as fair value hedges, cash flow hedges or hedges of net investments in foreign operations. This designation is based upon the exposure being hedged. Cash flow and fair value hedges are designated and documented at the inception of each hedge by matching the terms of the contract to the underlying transaction. At inception, as dictated by the facts and circumstances, all hedges are expected to be highly effective, as the critical terms of these instruments are generally the same as those of the underlying risks being hedged. All derivatives designated as hedging instruments are assessed for effectiveness on an on-going basis. For purposes of the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, cash flows associated with all derivatives (designated as hedges or freestanding economic hedges) are classified in the same category as the related cash flows subject to the hedging relationship.

Stock-Based Employee Compensation

 

        Stock-based awards are granted under the terms of the 2004 Long Term Incentive Plan (2004 Plan). Additionally, the Company has outstanding stock options under its 2000 Stock Option Plan (2000 Plan), although the 2000 Plan terminated in 2010. Under these plans, four types of stock-based compensation awards are granted: stock options, equity-based stock appreciation rights (SARs), restricted stock awards (RSAs) and restricted stock units (RSUs). The stock options and SARs have a maximum term of ten years. The stock-based awards, other than the RSUs, generally vest at a rate of 20.0 percent annually on each of the first five anniversaries of the date of grant. The RSUs generally cliff vest after five years, and payment of the RSUs is deferred until January 31 of the year following vesting. Certain RSUs issued during fiscal year 2012 cliff vest two years after the grant date. Unvested awards are subject to forfeiture in the event of termination of employment. The Company utilizes an option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of options and SARs at their grant date. Stock options and SARs are granted at not less than fair market value on the date of grant. The Company generally recognizes compensation expense for its stock-based compensation awards on a straight-line basis over a five-year vesting period. Awards granted do not contain acceleration of vesting terms for retirement of eligible recipients.

        Total compensation cost for stock-based payment arrangements totaled $7.6, $9.6, and $9.3 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Cash retained for share based payments as a result of the tax deductibility of increases in the value of stock-based arrangements are presented as a cash inflow from financing activity in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The amount presented as a financing activity for fiscal years 2012, 2011, and 2010 was zero, $0.1, and $0.2 million, respectively.