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BUSINESS DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Consolidation:

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries after the elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. All material subsidiaries are wholly owned. The Company consolidates variable interest entities where it has determined it is the primary beneficiary of those entities' operations.

Variable Interest Entities

Variable Interest Entities:

The Company has interests in certain privately-held entities through arrangements that do not involve voting interests. Such entities, known as a variable interest entities (VIE), are required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary. The Company evaluates whether or not it is the primary beneficiary for each VIE using a qualitative assessment that considers the VIE's purpose and design, the involvement of each of the interest holders and the risk and benefits of the VIE. As of June 30, 2022, the Company has no VIEs where the Company is the primary beneficiary.

The Company has an investment in Empire Education Group, Inc. (EEG). During fiscal year 2020, the Company signed an agreement to sell its interest in EEG to the other shareholder. Until the transaction closes, the Company continues to account for EEG as an equity investment under the voting interest model. The Company has granted the other shareholder of EEG an irrevocable proxy to vote a certain number of the Company's shares such that the other shareholder of EEG has voting control of EEG's common stock, as well as the right to appoint four of the five members of EEG's Board of Directors. The Company wrote off its investment balance in EEG in fiscal year 2016.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates:

The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Due to the economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company faces a greater degree of uncertainty than normal in making judgments and estimates needed to apply the Company's significant accounting policies. Actual results and outcomes may differ from management's estimates and assumptions.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash:

Cash equivalents consist of investments in short-term, highly liquid securities having original maturities of three months or less, which are made as a part of the Company's cash management activity. The carrying values of these assets approximate their fair market values. The Company primarily utilizes a cash management system with a series of separate accounts consisting of lockbox accounts for receiving cash, concentration accounts that funds are moved to, and several "zero balance" disbursement accounts for funding of payroll and accounts payable. As a result of the Company's cash management system, checks issued, but not presented to the banks for payment, may create negative book cash balances. There were no checks outstanding in excess of related book cash balances at June 30, 2022 and 2021.

Restricted cash within other current assets primarily relates to consolidated advertising cooperatives funds, which can only be used to settle obligations of the respective cooperatives and contractual obligations to collateralize the Company's self-insurance programs. The self-insurance restricted cash arrangement can be canceled by the Company at any time if substituted with letters of credit. The table below reconciles the cash and cash equivalents balances and restricted cash balances, recorded within other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet to the amount of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows:


	June 30,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	17,041	$	19,191
Restricted cash, included in other current assets	10,423		9,961
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	27,464	$	29,152

Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:The receivable balance on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet primarily includes accounts and notes receivable from franchisees, credit card receivables and receivables related to salons sold to franchisees. The balance is presented net of an allowance for expected losses (i.e., doubtful accounts), related to receivables from the Company's franchisees. The Company monitors the financial condition of its franchisees and records provisions for estimated losses on receivables when it believes franchisees are unable to make their required payments based on factors such as delinquencies and aging trends. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company's best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses related to existing accounts and notes receivables.

Inventories

Inventories:

Inventories of finished goods consist principally of hair care products for retail product sales. A portion of inventories are also used for salon services consisting of hair color, hair care products including shampoo and conditioner and hair care treatments including permanents, neutralizers and relaxers. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined on a weighted average cost basis.

Physical inventory is held at salons and a third-party distribution center as of June 30, 2022. A physical inventory count is conducted annually at the third-party distribution center. Product and service inventories are adjusted based on the physical inventory counts. During the fiscal year, cost of retail product sold to salon guests is determined based on the weighted average cost of product sold, adjusted for an estimated shrinkage factor. The cost of product used in salon services is determined by applying an estimated percentage of total cost of service to service revenues.

The Company has inventory valuation reserves for excess and obsolete inventories, or other factors that may render inventories unmarketable at their historical costs. In fiscal year 2021, the Company announced it would transition away from its wholesale product distribution model in favor of a third-party distribution model. As a result, the Company exited its two distribution centers in fiscal year 2022 and now stores inventory at a third-party facility. To facilitate the exit of the distribution centers, the Company sold and continues to sell inventory at discounts and dispose of hard-to-sell products. Additionally, the reduction in company-owned salons decreases the Company's ability to redistribute inventory from closed locations to other salons to be sold or used. The inventory valuation reserve as of June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $1.9 and $11.8 million, respectively. During fiscal year 2022, the Company recorded total inventory reserve charges of $10.5 million, of which $7.7 and $2.8 million were recorded in Inventory reserve and Company-owned salon expense, respectively, in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Included in Company-owned salon expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations is an inventory reserve charge of $12.1 million during fiscal year 2021.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment:

Property and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over their estimated useful asset lives (i.e., 30 to 39 years for buildings, 10 years or lease life for improvements and three to 10 years or lease life for equipment, furniture and software). Depreciation expense was $5.8 and $20.9 million in fiscal years 2022 and 2021, respectively. Depreciation expense for fiscal years 2022 and 2021 include $1.0 and $4.7 million of asset retirement obligations, which are cash expenses.

The Company capitalizes both internal and external costs of developing or obtaining computer software for internal use. Costs incurred to develop internal-use software during the application development stage are capitalized, while data conversion, training and maintenance costs associated with internal-use software are expensed as incurred. Estimated useful lives range from three to seven years.

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs and minor renewals and betterments, which do not improve or extend the life of the respective assets, are expensed. All other expenditures for renewals and betterments are capitalized. The assets and related depreciation and amortization accounts are adjusted for property retirements and disposals with the resulting gain or loss included in operating income. Fully depreciated or amortized assets remain in the accounts until retired from service.

Right of Use Asset, Lease Liabilities and Rent Expense

Right of Use Asset, Lease Liabilities and Rent Expense:

At contract inception, the Company determines whether a contract is, or contains, a lease by determining whether it conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset for a period of time. If the contract provides the Company the right to substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the identified asset and the right to direct the use of the identified asset, the Company considers it to be, or contain, a lease. The Company leases its company-owned salons and some of its corporate facilities under operating leases. The original terms of the salon leases range from 1 to 20 years with many leases renewable for an additional 5 to 10 year term at the option of the Company. In addition to the obligation to make fixed rental payments for the use of the salons, the Company also has variable lease payments that are based on sales levels. For most leases, the Company is required to pay real estate taxes and other occupancy expenses.

The Company leases salon premises in which the majority of its franchisees operate and has entered into corresponding sublease arrangements with franchisees. All lease-related costs are passed through to franchisees. The Company records the rental payments due from franchisees as Franchise rental income and the corresponding amounts owed to landlords as Franchise rent expense on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

For salon operating leases, the lease liability is initially and subsequently measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date, including one lease term option when the lease is expected to be renewed. The right of use (ROU) asset is initially and subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount of the lease liability, plus initial direct costs, less any accrued lease payments and unamortized lease incentives received, if any. For leases classified as operating leases, expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, including the lease renewal option when the lease is expected to be renewed. Generally, the non-lease components, such as real estate taxes and other occupancy expenses, are separate from rent expense within the lease and are not included in the measurement of the lease liability because these charges are variable.

The discount rate used to determine the present value of the lease payments is the Company's estimated collateralized incremental borrowing rate, based on the yield curve for the respective lease terms, as the interest rate implicit in the lease cannot generally be determined. The Company uses the portfolio approach in applying the discount rate based on the original lease term.

Certain leases provide for contingent rents that are determined as a percentage of revenues in excess of specified levels. The Company records a contingent rent liability in accrued expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, along with the corresponding rent expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations, when specified levels have been achieved or when management determines that achieving the specified levels during the fiscal year is probable.

Right of Use Asset Lease Liabilities and Rent Expense

Right of Use Asset, Lease Liabilities and Rent Expense:

Salon Long-Lived Asset and Right of Use Asset Impairment Assessments

Salon Long-Lived Asset and Right of Use Asset Impairment Assessments:

A lessee's ROU asset is subject to the same asset impairment guidance in ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, applied to other elements of property, plant, and equipment. The Company has identified its asset groups at the individual salon level as this represents the lowest level that identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. Poor salon performance in fiscal years 2022 and 2021, primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulted in ASC 360-10-35-21 triggering events. As a result, management assessed underperforming salon asset groups, which included the related ROU assets, for impairment in accordance with ASC 360.

The Company assesses impairment of long-lived salon assets and right of use assets at the individual salon level, as this is the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of other groups of assets and liabilities, when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of the assets or the asset grouping may not be recoverable. Factors considered in deciding when to perform an impairment review include significant under-performance of an individual salon in relation to expectations, significant economic or geographic trends, and significant changes or planned changes in our use of the assets. The first step is to assess recoverability, and in doing that, the undiscounted cash flows are compared to the carrying value. If the undiscounted estimated cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets, the Company calculates an impairment charge based on the difference between the carrying value of the asset group and its fair value. The fair value of the salon long-lived asset group is estimated using market participant methods based on the best information available. The fair value of the right of use asset is estimated by determining what a market participant would pay over the life of the primary asset in the group, discounted back to June 30, 2022. See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion related to right of use asset impairment.

The first step in the impairment test under ASC 360 is to determine whether the long-lived assets are recoverable, which is determined by comparing the net carrying value of the salon asset group to the undiscounted net cash flows to be generated from the use and eventual disposition of that asset group. Estimating cash flows for purposes of the recoverability test is subjective and requires significant judgment. Estimated future cash flows used for the purposes of the recoverability test were based upon historical cash flows for the salons, adjusted for expected changes in future market conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and other factors. The period of time used to determine the estimates of the future cash flows for the recoverability test was based on the remaining useful life of the primary asset of the group, which was the ROU asset in all cases.

The second step of the long-lived asset impairment test requires that the fair value of the asset group be estimated when determining the amount of any impairment loss. For the salon asset groups that failed the recoverability test, an impairment loss was measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds its fair value. The Company applied the fair value guidance within ASC 820-10 to determine the fair value of the asset group from the perspective of a market-participant considering, among other things, appropriate discount rates, multiple valuation techniques, the most advantageous market, and assumptions about the highest and best use of the asset group. To determine the fair value of the salon asset groups, the Company utilized market-participant assumptions rather than the Company's own assumptions about how it intends to use the asset group. The significant judgments and assumptions utilized to determine the fair value of the salon asset groups include the market rent of comparable properties and a discount rate. The fair value of the salon long-lived asset group is estimated using market participant methods based on the best information available.

Goodwill

Goodwill:

As of June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Franchise reporting unit had $174.4 and $229.6 million, respectively, of goodwill and the Company-owned reporting unit had no goodwill for both periods. See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for changes to the goodwill balance. The Company assesses goodwill impairment on an annual basis as of April 30, and between annual assessments if an event occurs, or circumstances change, that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.

Goodwill impairment assessments are performed at the reporting unit level, which is the same as the Company's operating segments. The Company performed its interim impairment tests and annual impairment tests by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount. The Company then records an impairment charge for the amount that the carrying amount exceeds the fair value. In applying the goodwill impairment assessment, the Company could assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units was less than its carrying value (Step 0). Qualitative factors could include, but were not limited to, economic, market and industry conditions, cost factors and overall financial performance of the reporting unit. If after assessing these qualitative factors, the Company determined it is more likely than not that the carrying value was less than the fair value, then performing Step 1 of the goodwill impairment assessment was unnecessary.

The carrying value of each reporting unit is based on the assets and liabilities associated with the operations of the reporting unit, including allocation of shared or corporate balances among reporting units. Allocations are generally based on the number of salons in each reporting unit as a percent of total company-owned salons or expenses of the reporting unit as a percent of total company expenses.

The Company calculates estimated fair values of the reporting units based on discounted cash flows utilizing estimates in annual revenue, service and product margins, fixed expense rates, allocated corporate overhead, franchise and company-owned salon counts, proceeds from the sale of company-owned salons to franchisees and long-term growth rates for determining terminal value. Where available and as appropriate, comparative market multiples are used in conjunction with the results of the discounted cash flows. The Company engages third-party valuation consultants to assist in evaluating the Company's estimated fair value calculations.

Self-Insurance Accruals

Self-Insurance Accruals:

The Company uses a combination of third-party insurance and self-insurance for a number of risks including workers' compensation, health insurance, employment practice liability and general liability claims. The liability represents the Company's estimate of the undiscounted ultimate cost of uninsured claims incurred as of the Consolidated Balance Sheet date.

The Company estimates self-insurance liabilities using a number of factors, primarily based on independent third-party actuarially-determined amounts, historical claims experience, estimates of incurred but not reported claims, demographic factors and severity factors.

Although the Company does not expect the amounts ultimately paid to differ significantly from the estimates, self-insurance accruals could be affected if future claims experience differs significantly from historical trends and actuarial assumptions. For fiscal years 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded decreases in expense for changes in estimates related to prior year open policy periods of $0.5 and $3.6 million, respectively. The Company updates loss projections bi-annually and adjusts its liability to reflect updated projections. The updated loss projections consider new claims and developments associated with existing claims for each open policy period. As certain claims can take years to settle, the Company has multiple policy periods open at any point in time.

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue, Classification of Expenses, Consideration Received from Vendors, Distribution Costs

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue:

Franchise revenues primarily include royalties, fees, product sales to franchisees and advertising fund fees. Royalties and advertising fund revenues represent sales-based royalties that are recognized as revenue in the period in which the sales occur. The Company defers franchise fees until the salon is open and then recognizes the revenue over the term of the franchise agreement. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Product sales by the Company to its franchisees are recorded at the time product is delivered to franchise locations. Company-owned salon revenues are recognized at the time when the services are provided or the guest receives and pays for merchandise.

Classification of Revenue and Expenses:

Beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2022, the Company adjusted its Statement of Operations for all periods presented to align the presentation of results to its franchise-focused business. Below is a summary of the changes to the financial statement captions. The change does not have a financial impact on the Company's reported revenue, operating loss, reported net loss or cash flows from operations.

Royalties - sales-based royalty received from franchisees. In prior years, these fees were included in Royalties and Fees and disclosed in the footnotes.

Fees - fees received from franchisees and third parties, including franchise fees, software and hardware fees related to Opensalon Pro and fees received from the third-party distributors.

Product sales to franchisees - wholesale product sales to franchisees. This caption equates to Product sales in the Franchise segment in prior years. The Company changed its franchise product sales business in fiscal year 2022 from a wholesale distribution model to a third-party distribution model. This revenue was expected to decrease significantly during fiscal year 2022 and into fiscal year 2023.

Advertising fund contributions - sales-based advertising fund contributions received from franchisees. In prior years, these fees were included in Royalties and Fees and disclosed in the footnotes.

Company-owned salon revenue - service revenue and revenue derived from sales of product in Company-owned salons. This caption equates to revenue reported in the Company-owned segment in prior periods.

Cost of product sales to franchisees - direct cost of inventory and freight and other costs of sales. In prior years, these sales were included in the Franchise segment cost of product and site operating expenses.

Company-owned salon expense - cost of service and product sold to guests in our Company-owned salons and other salon-related costs. In prior years, these costs were classified as Company-owned segment cost of service, cost of product and site operating expenses. Excluded from this caption are general and administrative expense, rent and depreciation and amortization related to company-owned salons.

Consideration Received from Vendors:

The Company receives consideration for a variety of vendor-sponsored programs. These programs primarily include volume rebates and promotion and advertising reimbursements.

With respect to volume rebates, the Company estimates the amount of rebate it will receive and accrues it as a reduction to the cost of inventory over the period in which the rebate is earned based upon historical purchasing patterns and the terms of the volume rebate program. A quarterly analysis is performed in order to ensure the estimated rebate accrued is reasonable and any necessary adjustments are recorded.

Distribution Costs:

Distribution costs are incurred to store, move and ship product from the Company's distribution centers to salons and includes distribution center overhead. Such distribution costs related to product shipped to company-owned locations are included in Company-owned salon expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Distribution costs, including distribution center overhead, related to shipping product to franchise locations totaled $2.3 and $12.1 million during fiscal years 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are included within general and administrative on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. In fiscal year 2022, the Company exited its two distribution centers and changed the wholesale product distribution model in favor of a third-party distribution model, reducing the cost in fiscal year 2022. The Company now stores inventory at a third-party facility.

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue:

Revenue recognized at point of sale

Product sales to franchisees are recorded at the time product is delivered to the franchisee. Payment for franchisee product revenue is generally collected 30 to 90 days of delivery. Company-owned salon revenues are recognized at the time when the services are provided or the guest receives and pays for the merchandise. Revenues from purchases made with gift cards are also recorded when the guest takes possession of the merchandise or services are provided. Gift cards issued by the Company are recorded as a liability (deferred revenue) upon sale and recognized as revenue upon redemption by the guest. Gift card breakage, the amount of gift cards which will not be redeemed, is recognized proportional to redemptions using estimates based on historical redemption patterns.

Revenue recognized over time

Royalty and advertising fund revenues represent sales-based royalties that are recognized in the period in which the sales occur. Generally, royalty and advertising fund revenues are billed and collected monthly in arrears. Advertising fund revenues and expenditures, which must be spent on marketing and related activities per the franchise agreements, are recorded on a gross basis within the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The treatment increases both the gross amount of reported revenue and expense and generally has no impact on operating income and net income. Franchise fees are billed and received upon the signing of the franchise agreement. Recognition of these fees is deferred until the salon opening and is then recognized over the term of the franchise agreement, which is typically 10 years. Franchise rental income is a result of the Company signing leases on behalf of franchisees and entering into sublease arrangements with the franchisees. The Company recognizes franchise rental income and expense when it is due to the landlord.

Advertising and Advertising Funds

Advertising and Advertising Funds:Advertising costs consist of the Company's corporate funded advertising costs, the Company's advertising fund contributions and franchisee's advertising fund contributions. Corporate funded advertising costs are expensed as incurred. The Company has various franchising programs supporting specific franchise salon concepts. Most maintain advertising funds that provide comprehensive advertising and sales promotion support. All salons are required to participate in the advertising funds for the same salon concept. The Company administers the advertising funds in accordance with franchise operating and other agreements. Advertising fund contributions are expensed when the contribution is made.

Stock-Based Employee Compensation Plans

Stock-Based Employee Compensation Plans:

The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the awards at the grant date. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award (or to the date a participant becomes eligible for retirement, if earlier). The Company uses fair value methods that require the input of subjective assumptions, including the expected term, expected volatility, dividend yield and risk-free interest rate.

The Company estimates the likelihood and the rate of achievement for performance sensitive stock-based awards at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the estimated rate of achievement can have a significant effect on the recorded stock-based compensation expense as the effect of a change in the estimated achievement level is recognized in the period the change occurs.

Sales Taxes

Sales Taxes:

Sales taxes are recorded on a net basis (rather than as both revenue and an expense) within the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes:

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or income tax returns. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using currently enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse.

We recognize deferred tax assets to the extent we believe these assets are more likely than not to be realized. The Company evaluates all evidence, including recent financial performance, the existence of cumulative year losses and our forecast of future taxable income, to assess the need for a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. While the determination of whether or not to record a valuation allowance is not fully governed by a specific objective test, accounting guidance places significant weight on recent financial performance.

The Company has a valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets of $201.7 and $192.5 million at June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. If we determine that we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, we would make necessary adjustments to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.

Significant components of the valuation allowance which occurred during fiscal year 2022 are as follows:

•The Company determined that it no longer had sufficient U.S. state indefinite-lived taxable temporary differences to support realization of its U.S. state indefinite-lived NOLs and its existing U.S. deferred tax assets that upon reversal are expected to generate state indefinite-lived NOLs. As a result, the Company recorded a $4.1 million valuation allowance on its U.S. state indefinite-lived deferred tax assets.

Significant components of the valuation allowance which occurred during fiscal year 2021 are as follows:

•The Company recognized a tax loss on its investment in Luxembourg and established a corresponding valuation allowance of $34.4 million.

The Company reserves for unrecognized tax benefits, interest and penalties related to anticipated tax audit positions in the U.S. and other tax jurisdictions based on an estimate of whether additional taxes will be due. If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of these liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period in which it is determined that the liabilities are no longer necessary. If the estimate of unrecognized tax benefits, interest and penalties proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, additional expenses would result.

Inherent in the measurement of deferred balances are certain judgments and interpretations of tax laws and published guidance with respect to the Company's operations. Income tax expense is primarily the current tax payable for the period and the change during the period in certain deferred tax assets and liabilities.

See Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Net Loss Per Share

Net Loss Per Share:

The Company's basic earnings per share is calculated as net loss divided by weighted average common shares outstanding, excluding unvested outstanding restricted stock awards and restricted stock units. The Company's dilutive earnings per share is calculated as net income divided by weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding, which includes shares issuable under the Company's stock option plan and long-term incentive plan and dilutive securities. Stock-based awards with exercise prices greater than the average market value of the Company's common stock are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share. Due to the Company's net loss in all periods presented, basic and dilutive earnings per share are equal.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive Loss:

Components of comprehensive loss include net loss, foreign currency translation adjustments and recognition of deferred compensation, net of tax within shareholders' (deficit) equity.

Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign Currency Translation:The Consolidated Balance Sheet, Consolidated Statement of Operations and Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows of the Company's international operations are measured using local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rates in effect at each Balance Sheet date. Translation adjustments arising from the use of differing exchange rates from period to period are included in accumulated other comprehensive income within shareholders' (deficit) equity. Statement of Operations accounts are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the year.

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted by the Company and Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted by the Company:

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, "Income Taxes (Topic 740)," which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. Depending on the amendment, adoption may have been applied on the retrospective, modified retrospective or prospective basis. The adoption of this new guidance during fiscal year 2022 using the prospective method did not have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted:

The Company has reviewed all recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements and it does not believe any of these pronouncements will have a material impact to the Company's financial statements.