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Revenue Recognition
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (Topic 606) and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 606 using the modified retrospective method, and applied the guidance to all contracts in scope that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under Topic 605.

The core principle of Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, is that an entity recognize revenue at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer. Topic 606 requires entities to exercise more judgment when considering the terms of a contract than under Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. Topic 606 applies to all contracts with customers to provide goods or services in the ordinary course of business, except for contracts that are specifically excluded from its scope.

Topic 606 does not apply to revenue associated with interest income on financial instruments, including loans and securities. Additionally, certain noninterest income streams such as certain credit and debit card fees, income from bank owned life insurance, and gain and losses on sales of investment securities are out of scope of Topic 606.

Topic 606 is applicable to noninterest revenue streams such as service charges on deposit accounts, merchant income, wire transfer income, check cashing fees, check printing fees, safe deposit box rental fees, life insurance and brokerage commissions. These revenue streams are largely transactional based and revenue is recognized upon completion of transaction.

Principal versus Agent Considerations

When more than one party is involved in providing goods or services to a customer, Topic 606 requires the Company to determine whether it is the principal or an agent in these transactions by evaluating the nature of its promise to the customer. An entity is a principal and therefore records revenue on a gross basis if it controls a promised good or service before transferring that good or service to the customer. An entity is an agent and records as revenue the net amount it retains for its agency services if its role is to arrange for another entity to provide the goods or services. The Company most commonly acts as a principal and records revenue on a gross basis, except in certain circumstances. As an example, revenues earned from interchange fees, in which the Company acts as an agent, are recorded as non-interest income, net of the related expenses paid to the principal. Brokerage and insurance commissions are recognized when the M Group's services to the broker dealer and investment representative are complete.

Debit Card Fees

Interchange fees are one source of debit and credit card income that is comprised of an amount merchants pay card-issuing banks for the processing of their electronic transactions as a form of payment. ATM service charges, check card usage, and POS debit card transactions generate interchange and debit card income. Per Topic 606 interchange and debit card transaction fees are reported net of related network costs. See Note 1 - Newly Adopted Accounting Standards. Antecedently, non-interest expense included network costs. Interchange and debit card transaction fees for the three months ended March 31, 2018 reported on a net basis totaled $333,000; for the three months ended March 31, 2017 such amount was $271,000. The below table compares gross interchange and debit card transaction fees net network costs for 2018 and 2017:
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In Thousands)
 
2018
 
2017
Debit card transaction fees
 
$
519

 
$
434

Other processing service fees
 
61

 
59

Gross interchange and card based transaction fees
 
580

 
493

Network costs
 
247

 
222

Net interchange and card based transaction fees
 
$
333

 
$
271