Regulatory assets and liabilities include the following:



At December 31,	2014		2013
(millions)
Dominion
Regulatory assets:
Deferred rate adjustment clause costs⁽¹⁾	$	124	$	89
Deferred cost of fuel used in electric generation⁽²⁾	79		—
Deferred nuclear refueling outage costs⁽³⁾	44		—
Unrecovered gas costs⁽⁴⁾	36		50
Other	64		78
Regulatory assets-current	347		217
Unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit costs⁽⁵⁾	1,050		706
Deferred rate adjustment clause costs⁽¹⁾	250		287
Income taxes recoverable through future rates⁽⁶⁾	133		155
Derivatives⁽⁷⁾	101		16
Other	108		64
Regulatory assets-non-current	1,642		1,228
Total regulatory assets	$	1,989	$	1,445
Regulatory liabilities:
PIPP⁽⁸⁾	$	71	$	76
Other	99		52
Regulatory liabilities-current⁽⁹⁾	170		128
Provision for future cost of removal and AROs⁽¹⁰⁾	1,072		1,028
Nuclear decommissioning trust⁽¹¹⁾	815		693
Deferred cost of fuel used in electric generation⁽²⁾	6		90
Other	98		190
Regulatory liabilities-non-current	1,991		2,001
Total regulatory liabilities	$	2,161	$	2,129
Virginia Power
Regulatory assets:
Deferred rate adjustment clause costs⁽¹⁾	$	117	$	62
Deferred cost of fuel used in electric generation⁽²⁾	79		—
Deferred nuclear refueling outage costs⁽³⁾	44		—
Other	58		66
Regulatory assets-current	298		128
Deferred rate adjustment clause costs⁽¹⁾	179		227
Derivatives⁽⁷⁾	101		16
Income taxes recoverable through future rates⁽⁶⁾	100		124
Other	59		50
Regulatory assets-non-current	439		417
Total regulatory assets	$	737	$	545
Regulatory liabilities:
Other	$	90	$	41
Regulatory liabilities-current	90		41
Provision for future cost of removal⁽¹⁰⁾	852		807
Nuclear decommissioning trust⁽¹¹⁾	815		693
Deferred cost of fuel used in electric generation⁽²⁾	6		90
Other	10		7
Regulatory liabilities-non-current	1,683		1,597
Total regulatory liabilities	$	1,773	$	1,638
Dominion Gas
Regulatory assets:
Unrecovered gas costs⁽⁴⁾	$	29	$	40
Deferred rate adjustment clause costs⁽¹⁾	7		27
UEX Rider⁽¹²⁾	—		11
Other	2		1
Regulatory assets-current	38		79
Unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit costs⁽⁵⁾	242		194
Deferred rate adjustment clause costs⁽¹⁾	71		59
Income taxes recoverable through future rates⁽⁶⁾	24		24
Other	42		8
Regulatory assets-non-current	379		285
Total regulatory assets	$	417	$	364
Regulatory liabilities:
PIPP⁽⁸⁾	$	71	$	76
Other	4		3
Regulatory liabilities-current	75		79
Provision for future cost of removal and AROs⁽¹⁰⁾	172		177
Unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit costs⁽⁵⁾	—		18
Other	20		8
Regulatory liabilities-non-current	192		203
Total regulatory liabilities	$	267	$	282


(1)	Reflects deferrals under the electric transmission FERC formula rate and the deferral of costs associated with certain current and prospective rider projects for Virginia Power. Reflects deferrals of costs associated with certain current and prospective rider projects for Dominion Gas. See Note 13 for more information.


(2)	Primarily reflects deferred fuel expenses for the Virginia jurisdiction of Dominion's and Virginia Power’s generation operations. See Note 13 for more information. For 2014 and 2013, amount includes approximately $5 million related to DOE claims.


(3)	Legislation enacted in Virginia in April 2014 requires Virginia Power to defer operation and maintenance costs incurred in connection with the refueling of any nuclear-powered generating plant. These deferred costs will be amortized over the refueling cycle, not to exceed 18 months.


(4)	Reflects unrecovered gas costs at regulated gas operations, which are recovered through filings with the applicable regulatory authority.


(5)	Represents unrecognized pension and other postretirement employee benefit costs expected to be recovered through future rates generally over the expected remaining service period of plan participants by certain of Dominion’s rate-regulated subsidiaries.


(6)	Amounts to be recovered through future rates to pay income taxes that become payable when rate revenue is provided to recover AFUDC-equity and depreciation of property, plant and equipment for which deferred income taxes were not recognized for ratemaking purposes, including amounts attributable to tax rate changes.


(7)	As discussed under Derivative Instruments in Note 2, for jurisdictions subject to cost-based rate regulation, changes in the fair value of derivative instruments result in the recognition of regulatory assets or regulatory liabilities as they are expected to be recovered from or refunded to customers.


(8)	Under PIPP, eligible customers can make reduced payments based on their ability to pay. The difference between the customer’s total bill and the PIPP plan amount is deferred and collected or returned annually under the PIPP rider according to East Ohio tariff provisions. See Note 13 for more information.


(9)	Current regulatory liabilities are presented in other current liabilities in Dominion's Consolidated Balance Sheets.


(10)	Rates charged to customers by the Companies’ regulated businesses include a provision for the cost of future activities to remove assets that are expected to be incurred at the time of retirement.


(11)	Reflects a regulatory liability representing amounts collected from Virginia jurisdictional customers and placed in external trusts (including income, losses and changes in fair value thereon) for the future decommissioning of Virginia Power’s utility nuclear generation stations, in excess of the related AROs.


(12)	Represents East Ohio’s deferrals for the UEX Rider which are recovered through rates which are filed annually. Most of East Ohio’s bad debt expense is recovered either through the UEX Rider or the PIPP Rider. See Note 13 for more information.