Securities

Debt securities that management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as “held to maturity” and recorded at amortized cost. Securities not classified as held to maturity or trading are classified as “available for sale” and recorded at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported, net of tax, in other comprehensive income (loss). As of January 1, 2018, equity securities with readily determined fair values are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. Prior to 2018, fair value changes were reported, net of tax, in other comprehensive income (loss).

Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities. Declines in the fair value of held to maturity and available for sale securities below their cost that are deemed to be other than temporary are reflected in earnings as realized losses. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses on debt securities, management considers (1) whether management intends to sell the security, or (2) if it is more likely than not that management will be required to sell the security before recovery, or (3) if management does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis. In assessing potential other-than-temporary impairment for equity securities, consideration is given to management’s intention and ability to hold the securities until recovery of unrealized losses. Gains and losses on the sale of securities are recorded on the trade date and are determined using the specific identification method.

Amortized cost and fair value of securities at March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017, were as follows:



In thousands	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value

SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE

MARCH 31, 2018
U.S. Government and agencies	$	108,790	$	2	$	2,841	$	105,951
Mortgage-backed securities, residential	32,338		267		433		32,172
State and municipal	12,497		81		71		12,507
Corporate bonds	5,000		—		10		4,990
	$	158,625	$	350	$	3,355	$	155,620

DECEMBER 31, 2017
U.S. Government and agencies	$	105,899	$	2	$	1,818	$	104,083
Mortgage-backed securities, residential	34,473		461		101		34,833
State and municipal	13,227		109		42		13,294
Corporate bonds	5,000		57		—		5,057
CRA mutual fund	1,044		—		9		1,035
Stock in other banks	647		102		—		749
	$	160,290	$	731	$	1,970	$	159,051

SECURITIES HELD TO MATURITY

MARCH 31, 2018
U.S. Government and agencies	$	17,000	$	—	$	132	$	16,868
Mortgage-backed securities, residential	24,378		2		490		23,890
	$	41,378	$	2	$	622	$	40,758
DECEMBER 31, 2017
U.S. Government and agencies	$	19,000	$	2	$	99	$	18,903
Mortgage-backed securities, residential	25,829		55		238		25,646
	$	44,829	$	57	$	337	$	44,549

The Corporation adopted ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments—Overall (Topic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities effective January 1, 2018. The required fair value disclosures are as follows:



In thousands	Fair Value		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
MARCH 31, 2018
Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value	$	1,793	$	7	$	40	$	1,760

The following table shows the Corporation’s investments’ gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017:



	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
In thousands	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses

SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE

MARCH 31, 2018
U.S. Government and agencies	$	39,388	$	817	$	62,553	$	2,024	$	101,941	$	2,841
Mortgage-backed securities, residential	18,712		342		2,675		91		21,387		433
State and municipal	1,725		11		1,921		60		3,646		71
Corporate bond	4,990		10		—		—		4,990		10
	$	64,815	$	1,180	$	67,149	$	2,175	$	131,964	$	3,355

DECEMBER 31, 2017
U.S. Government and agencies	$	42,775	$	445	$	58,279	$	1,373	$	101,054	$	1,818
Mortgage-backed securities, residential	7,228		56		2,845		45		10,073		101
State and municipal	1,042		8		1,950		34		2,992		42
CRA Mutual Fund	—		—		1,035		9		1,035		9
	$	51,045	$	509	$	64,109	$	1,461	$	115,154	$	1,970

SECURITIES HELD TO MATURITY

MARCH 31, 2018
U.S. Government and agencies	$	6,969	$	31	$	9,899	$	101	$	16,868	$	132
Mortgage-backed securities, residential	12,856		139		10,491		351		23,347		490
	$	19,825	$	170	$	20,390	$	452	$	40,215	$	622

DECEMBER 31, 2017
U.S. Government and agencies	$	4,985	$	15	$	10,916	$	84	$	15,901	$	99
Mortgage-backed securities, residential	4,946		29		11,070		209		16,016		238
	$	9,931	$	44	$	21,986	$	293	$	31,917	$	337

All mortgage-backed security investments are government sponsored enterprise (GSE) pass-through instruments issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA), Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) or Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC), which guarantee the timely payment of principal on these investments.

At March 31, 2018, sixty-five available for sale U.S. Government and agency securities had unrealized losses that individually did not exceed 6% of amortized cost. Thirty-five of these securities have been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or more. These unrealized losses relate principally to changes in interest rates subsequent to the acquisition of the specific securities.

At March 31, 2018, thirty-five available for sale residential mortgage-backed securities had unrealized losses that individually did not exceed 8% of amortized cost. Three of these securities have been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or more. These unrealized losses relate principally to changes in interest rates subsequent to the acquisition of the specific securities.

At March 31, 2018, thirteen available for sale state and municipal securities had unrealized losses that individually did not exceed 9% of amortized cost. Eight of these securities have been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or more. These unrealized losses relate principally to changes in interest rates subsequent to the acquisition of the specific securities.

At March 31, 2018, the Corporate bond had an unrealized loss that did not exceed 1% of amortized cost. This security has not been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or more. This unrealized loss relates principally to changes in interest rates subsequent to the acquisition of the specific security.

At March 31, 2018, ten held to maturity U.S. Government and agency securities had unrealized losses that individually did not exceed 2% of amortized cost. Six of these securities have been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or more. These unrealized losses relate principally to changes in interest rates subsequent to the acquisition of the specific securities.

At March 31, 2018, thirty-three held to maturity residential mortgage-backed securities had unrealized losses that individually did not exceed 4% of amortized cost. Thirteen of these securities have been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or more. These unrealized losses relate principally to changes in interest rates subsequent to the acquisition of the specific securities.

In analyzing the issuer’s financial condition, management considers industry analysts’ reports, financial performance, and projected target prices of investment analysts within a one-year time frame. Based on the above information, management has determined that none of these investments are other-than-temporarily impaired.

The fair values of securities available for sale (carried at fair value) and held to maturity (carried at amortized cost) are determined by obtaining quoted market prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1), or matrix pricing (Level 2) which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the security’s relationship to other benchmark quoted prices. The Corporation uses independent service providers to provide matrix pricing.

Management routinely sells securities from its available for sale portfolio in an effort to manage and allocate the portfolio. At March 31, 2018, management had not identified any securities with an unrealized loss that it intends to sell or will be required to sell. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses on debt securities, management considers (1) whether management intends to sell the security, or (2) if it is more likely than not that management will be required to sell the security before recovery, or (3) if management does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis. In assessing potential other-than-temporary impairment for equity securities, consideration is given to management’s intention and ability to hold the securities until recovery of unrealized losses.

Amortized cost and fair value at March 31, 2018, by contractual maturity, where applicable, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay with or without penalties.



	Available for Sale				Held to Maturity
In thousands	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value

1 year or less	$	8,002	$	7,981	$	10,000	$	9,954
Over 1 year through 5 years	107,334		104,738		7,000		6,914
Over 5 years through 10 years	10,881		10,660		—		—
Over 10 years	70		69		—		—
Mortgage-backed securities, residential	32,338		32,172		24,378		23,890
	$	158,625	$	155,620	$	41,378	$	40,758

The Corporation did not sell any securities available for sale during the first quarter of 2018 or 2017.

At March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017, securities with a carrying value of $149,780,000 and $157,601,000, respectively, were pledged as collateral as required by law on public and trust deposits, repurchase agreements, and for other purposes.