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Fair Value
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2016
Fair Value [Abstract]  
Fair Value

Note 7 Fair Value

Fair Value Measurement

PNC measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value in accordance with GAAP. Fair value is defined in GAAP as the price that would be received to sell an asset or the price that would be paid to transfer a liability on the measurement date. GAAP focuses on the exit price in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. GAAP also establishes a fair value hierarchy to maximize the use of observable inputs when measuring fair value. For more information regarding the fair value hierarchy see Note 7 Fair Value in our 2015 Form 10-K.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

For more information on the valuation methodologies used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, see Note 7 Fair Value in our 2015 Form 10-K. The following table summarizes our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, including instruments for which PNC has elected the fair value option.

Table 65: Fair Value Measurements - Recurring Basis Summary
March 31, 2016December 31, 2015
Total Total
In millionsLevel 1Level 2Level 3Fair ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3Fair Value
Assets
Securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury and government agencies$9,859$613$10,472$9,267$607 $9,874
Residential mortgage-backed
Agency 25,68525,68524,82024,820
Non-agency141$3,8103,951143$4,0084,151
Commercial mortgage-backed
Agency 1,8701,8701,9181,918
Non-agency4,7434,7434,9034,903
Asset-backed5,1744515,6254,9414825,423
State and municipal2,028142,0422,041152,056
Other debt2,584302,6141,996302,026
Total debt securities9,85942,8384,30557,0029,26741,3694,53555,171
Corporate stocks and other3506341352762589
Total securities available for sale10,20942,9014,30557,4159,79441,4314,535 55,760
Financial derivatives (a) (b)
Interest rate contracts26,634386,6744,626294,655
Other contracts25332562842286
Total financial derivatives26,887416,9304,910314,941
Residential mortgage loans held for sale (c)77647808385843
Trading securities (d)
Debt7621,10821,87298772731,717
Equity121299
Total trading securities7741,10821,88499672731,726
Residential mortgage servicing rights 8638631,0631,063
Commercial mortgage servicing rights 460460526526
Commercial mortgage loans held for sale (c)655655641641
Equity investments - direct investments1,1561,1561,0981,098
Equity investments - indirect investments (e) (f)347347
Customer resale agreements (g)138138137137
Loans (h)566329895565340905
Other assets
BlackRock Series C Preferred Stock (i)208208357357
Other 25019564512541997460
Total other assets250195214659254199364817
Total assets$11,235$52,571$8,029$72,182$11,044$48,807$8,606$68,804
Liabilities
Financial derivatives (b) (j)
Interest rate contracts$3$4,654$10$4,667$1$3,124$7$3,132
BlackRock LTIP208208357357
Other contracts245115360204109313
Total financial derivatives34,8993335,23513,3284733,802
Trading securities sold short (k)
Debt 847985696027987
Total trading securities sold short847985696027987
Other borrowed funds55863811293
Other liabilities14141010
Total liabilities$850$4,963$355$6,168$961$3,436$495$4,892
(a)Included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(b)Amounts at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, are presented gross and are not reduced by the impact of legally enforceable master netting agreements that allow PNC to net positive and negative positions and cash collateral held or placed with the same counterparty. At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the net asset amounts were $2.5 billion and $1.8 billion, respectively, and the net liability amounts were $.5 billion and $.6 billion, respectively.
(c)Included in Loans held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. PNC has elected the fair value option for certain residential and commercial mortgage loans held for sale.
(d)Fair value includes net unrealized gains of $49 million at March 31, 2016 compared with net unrealized gains of $23 million at December 31, 2015.
(e)In accordance with ASC 820-10, certain investments that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(f)The indirect equity funds are not redeemable, but PNC receives distributions over the life of the partnership from liquidation of the underlying investments by the investee, which we expect to occur over the next twelve years. The amount of unfunded contractual commitments as of March 31, 2016 related to indirect equity investments was $111 million and related to direct equity investments was $22 million, respectively. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2015 were $103 million and $23 million, respectively.
(g)Included in Federal funds sold and resale agreements on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. PNC has elected the fair value option for these items.
(h)Included in Loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(i)PNC has elected the fair value option for these shares.
(j)Included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(k)Included in Other borrowed funds on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Reconciliations of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 follow:
Table 66: Reconciliation of Level 3 Assets and Liabilities
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Unrealized
gains / losses
Total realized / unrealizedon assets and
gains or losses for the period (a) liabilities held on
Included Consolidated
Level 3 InstrumentsFair Valuein Other TransfersTransfersFair ValueBalance Sheet
OnlyDec. 31,Included incomprehensive intoout of Mar. 31,at Mar. 31,
In millions2015Earnings incomePurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsLevel 3Level 320162016 (a) (b)
Assets
Securities available for
sale
Residential mortgage-
backed non-agency$4,008$22$(45)$(175)$3,810$(1)
Asset-backed4823(12)(22)451
State and municipal15(1)14
Other debt30$2$(2)30
Total securities
available for sale4,53525(58)2(2)(197)4,305(1)
Financial derivatives3134(24)4128
Residential mortgage
loans held for sale53(1)$2$(5)4
Trading securities - Debt3(1)2
Residential mortgage
servicing rights1,063(226)52$11(37)863(225)
Commercial mortgage
servicing rights526(55)39(23)460(55)
Commercial mortgage
loans held for sale64116(649)64765512
Equity investments -
direct investments1,0985123(16)1,15650
Loans340233(8)(25)(13)3291
Other assets
BlackRock Series C
Preferred Stock357(11)(138)208(11)
Other 72(2)(1)6
Total other assets364(9)(2)(1)(138)214(11)
Total assets$8,606$(162)(c)$(60)$116$(677)$667$(445)$2$(18)$8,029$(201)(d)
Liabilities
Financial derivatives (e)$473$7$2$(149)$333$8
Other borrowed funds12$23(27)8
Other liabilities1038(34)14
Total liabilities $495$7(c)$2$61$(210)$355$8(d)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
Unrealized
gains / losses
Total realized / unrealizedon assets and
gains or losses for the period (a) liabilities held on
Included Consolidated
Level 3 InstrumentsFair Valuein Other TransfersTransfersFair ValueBalance Sheet
OnlyDec. 31,Included incomprehensive intoout of Mar. 31,at Mar. 31,
In millions2014Earnings incomePurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsLevel 3Level 320152015 (a) (b)
Assets
Securities available for
sale
Residential mortgage-
backed non-agency$4,798$25$(14)$(185)$4,624$(1)
Commercial mortgage-
backed non-agency7(7)-
Asset-backed56364(25)548
State and municipal134(1)133
Other debt301$3(1)33
Total securities
available for sale5,52539(11)3(218)5,338(1)
Financial derivatives42711(60)5459
Residential mortgage
loans held for sale66$1$(6)7
Trading securities - Debt32(29)3
Residential mortgage
servicing rights845(67)83$17(39)839(65)
Commercial mortgage
servicing rights506(16)1114(21)494(16)
Commercial mortgage
loans held for sale 89321$(1,020)1,083(2)97515
Equity investments -
direct investments1,1522943(75)1,14918
Loans3971032(4)(37)5(20)3838
Other assets
BlackRock Series C
Preferred Stock37593849
Other 15(5)10
Total other assets3909 (5)3949
Total assets$9,788$96(c)$(11)$179$(1,104)$1,114$(406)$6$(26)$9,636$27(d)
Liabilities
Financial derivatives (e)$526$41$(38)$529$(6)
Other borrowed funds 181$25(35)171
Other liabilities9110
Total liabilities$716$42(c)$25$(73)$710$(6)(d)
(a)Losses for assets are bracketed while losses for liabilities are not.
(b)The amount of the total gains or losses for the period included in earnings that is attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities held at the end of the reporting period.
(c)Net losses (realized and unrealized) included in earnings relating to Level 3 assets and liabilities were $169 million for the first three months of 2016 compared with net gains (realized and unrealized) of $54 million for the first three months of 2015.These amounts also included amortization and accretion. The amortization and accretion amounts were included in Interest income on the Consolidated Income Statement, and the remaining net gains/(losses) (realized and unrealized) were included in Noninterest income on the Consolidated Income Statement.
(d)Net unrealized losses relating to those assets and liabilities held at the end of the reporting period were $209 million for the first three months of 2016, compared with net unrealized gains of $33 million for the first three months of 2015. These amounts were included in Noninterest income on the Consolidated Income Statement.
(e)Includes swaps entered into in connection with sales of certain Visa Class B common shares.

An instrument’s categorization within the hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Changes from one quarter to the next related to the observability of inputs to a fair value measurement may result in a reclassification (transfer) of assets or liabilities between hierarchy levels. PNC’s policy is to recognize transfers in and transfers out as of the end of the reporting period. There were no significant transfers into or out of Level 3 assets and liabilities during the first three months of 2016 and 2015

Quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs within Level 3 recurring assets and liabilities follows.
Table 67: Fair Value Measurements - Recurring Quantitative Information
March 31, 2016
Level 3 Instruments Only
Dollars in millionsFair ValueValuation TechniquesUnobservable Inputs Range (Weighted Average)
Residential mortgage-backed
non-agency securities$3,810Priced by a third-party vendorConstant prepayment rate (CPR) 1.0%-24.2% (7.0%)(a)
using a discounted cash flowConstant default rate (CDR) 0.0%-16.7% (5.4%)(a)
pricing model (a)Loss severity 10.0%-98.5% (53.3%)(a)
Spread over the benchmark curve (b)283bps weighted average(a)
Asset-backed securities451 Priced by a third-party vendorConstant prepayment rate (CPR) 1.0%-14.0% (6.3%)(a)
using a discounted cash flowConstant default rate (CDR) 1.7%-13.9% (6.7%)(a)
pricing model (a)Loss severity 24.2%-100% (77.8%)(a)
Spread over the benchmark curve (b)397bps weighted average(a)
Residential mortgage servicing rights863 Discounted cash flowConstant prepayment rate (CPR)0.3%-36.6% (15.7%)
Spread over the benchmark curve (b)171bps-1,856bps (882bps)
Commercial mortgage servicing460Discounted cash flowConstant prepayment rate (CPR)5.4%-42.0% (7.3%)
rightsDiscount rate5.1%-7.5% (7.4%)
Commercial mortgage loans held655 Discounted cash flowSpread over the benchmark curve (b)64bps-5,540bps (561bps)
for saleEstimated servicing cash flows0.0%-6.5% (3.0%)
Equity investments - Direct investments1,156Multiple of adjusted earnings Multiple of earnings4.5x-13.8x (8.0x)
Loans - Residential real estate126Consensus pricing (c)Cumulative default rate2.0%-100% (81.5%)
Loss severity0.0%-100% (25.5%)
Discount rate4.9%-7.0% (5.2%)
110Discounted cash flowLoss severity8.0% weighted average
Discount rate3.8% weighted average
Loans - Home equity 93Consensus pricing (c)Credit and Liquidity discount26.0%-99.0% (55.0%)
BlackRock Series C Preferred Stock208 Consensus pricing (c)Liquidity discount20.0%
BlackRock LTIP(208) Consensus pricing (c)Liquidity discount20.0%
Swaps related to sales of certain Visa(109)Discounted cash flowEstimated conversion factor of
Class B common sharesClass B shares into Class A shares164.3%
Estimated growth rate of Visa
Class A share price18.0%
Insignificant Level 3 assets, net of
liabilities (d)59
Total Level 3 assets, net of liabilities (e)$7,674

December 31, 2015
Level 3 Instruments Only
Dollars in millionsFair ValueValuation TechniquesUnobservable InputsRange (Weighted Average)
Residential mortgage-backed
non-agency securities$4,008Priced by a third-party vendorConstant prepayment rate (CPR) 1.0%-24.2% (7.0%)(a)
using a discounted cash flowConstant default rate (CDR) 0.0%-16.7% (5.4%)(a)
pricing model (a)Loss severity 10.0%-98.5% (53.3%)(a)
Spread over the benchmark curve (b)241bps weighted average(a)
Asset-backed securities482 Priced by a third-party vendorConstant prepayment rate (CPR) 1.0%-14.0% (6.3%)(a)
using a discounted cash flowConstant default rate (CDR) 1.7%-13.9% (6.8%)(a)
pricing model (a)Loss severity 24.2%-100.0% (77.5%)(a)
Spread over the benchmark curve (b)324bps weighted average(a)
Residential mortgage servicing rights1,063 Discounted cash flowConstant prepayment rate (CPR)0.3%-46.5% (10.6%)
Spread over the benchmark curve (b)559bps-1,883bps (893bps)
Commercial mortgage servicing rights526Discounted cash flowConstant prepayment rate (CPR)3.9%-26.5% (5.7%)
Discount rate2.6%-7.7% (7.5%)
Commercial mortgage loans held
for sale641 Discounted cash flowSpread over the benchmark curve (b)85bps-4,270bps (547bps)
Estimated servicing cash flows0.0%-7.0% (0.9%)
Equity investments - Direct investments1,098Multiple of adjusted earnings Multiple of earnings4.2x-14.1x (7.6x)
Loans - Residential real estate123Consensus pricing (c)Cumulative default rate2.0%-100.0% (85.1%)
Loss severity0.0%-100.0% (27.3%)
Discount rate4.9%-7.0% (5.2%)
116Discounted cash flowLoss severity8.0% weighted average
Discount rate3.9% weighted average
Loans - Home equity 101Consensus pricing (c)Credit and Liquidity discount26.0%-99.0% (54.0%)
BlackRock Series C Preferred Stock357 Consensus pricing (c)Liquidity discount20.0%
BlackRock LTIP(357) Consensus pricing (c)Liquidity discount20.0%
Swaps related to sales of certain(104)Discounted cash flowEstimated conversion factor of
Visa Class B common sharesClass B shares into Class A shares164.3%
Estimated growth rate of Visa Class
A share price16.3%
Insignificant Level 3 assets, net of
liabilities (d)57
Total Level 3 assets, net of liabilities (e)$8,111
(a)Level 3 residential mortgage-backed non-agency and asset-backed securities with fair values as of March 31, 2016 totaling $3,197 million and $419 million, respectively, were priced by a third-party vendor using a discounted cash flow pricing model that incorporates consensus pricing, where available. The comparable amounts as of December 31, 2015 were $3,379 million and $448 million, respectively. The significant unobservable inputs for these securities were provided by the third-party vendor and are disclosed in the table. Our procedures to validate the prices provided by the third-party vendor related to these securities are discussed further in the Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis section of Note 7 Fair Value in our 2015 Form 10-K. Certain Level 3 residential mortgage-backed non-agency and asset-backed securities with fair values as of March 31, 2016 of $613 million and $32 million, respectively, were valued using a pricing source, such as a dealer quote or comparable security price, for which the significant unobservable inputs used to determine the price were not reasonably available. The comparable amounts as of December 31, 2015 were $629 million and $34 million, respectively.
(b)The assumed yield spread over the benchmark curve for each instrument is generally intended to incorporate non-interest-rate risks, such as credit and liquidity risks.
(c)Consensus pricing refers to fair value estimates that are generally internally developed using information such as dealer quotes or other third-party provided valuations or comparable asset prices.
(d)Represents the aggregate amount of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis that are individually and in the aggregate insignificant. The amount includes certain financial derivative assets and liabilities, trading securities, state and municipal securities, other debt securities, residential mortgage loans held for sale, other assets, other borrowed funds (ROAPs) and other liabilities. For additional information, please see the Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis discussion included in Note 7 Fair Value in our 2015 Form 10-K.
(e)Consisted of total Level 3 assets of $8,029 million and total Level 3 liabilities of $355 million as of March 31, 2016 and $8,606 million and $495 million as of December 31, 2015, respectively.

Financial Assets Accounted for at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

We may be required to measure certain financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These adjustments to fair value usually result from the application of lower of amortized cost or fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets due to impairment and are included in Table 68 and Table 69. For more information regarding the valuation methodologies of our financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, see Note 7 Fair Value in our 2015 Form 10-K.

Table 68: Fair Value Measurements - Nonrecurring
Gains (Losses)
Fair Value (a)Three months ended
March 31December 31March 31March 31
In millions2016201520162015
Assets
Nonaccrual loans$87$30$(47)$3
Equity investments 15(4)(1)
OREO and foreclosed assets70137(8)(10)
Long-lived assets held for sale623(3)(8)
Total assets$164$195$(62)$(16)
(a)All Level 3 as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs within Level 3 nonrecurring assets follows.
Table 69: Fair Value Measurements - Nonrecurring Quantitative Information
Level 3 Instruments Only
Dollars in millionsFair ValueValuation TechniquesUnobservable InputsRange (Weighted Average)
March 31, 2016
Assets
Nonaccrual loans (a)$62LGD percentage (b)Loss severity6.7%-62.7% (33.8%)
Equity investments1Discounted cash flowMarket rate of return5.0%
Other (c)101Fair value of property or collateralAppraised value/sales priceNot meaningful
Total assets$164
December 31, 2015
Assets
Nonaccrual loans (a)$20LGD percentage (b)Loss severity8.1%-73.3% (58.6%)
Equity investments5Discounted cash flowMarket rate of return5.0%
Other (c)170Fair value of property or collateralAppraised value/sales priceNot meaningful
Total assets$195
(a)The fair value of nonaccrual loans included in this line item is determined based on internal loss rates. The fair value of nonaccrual loans where the fair value is determined based on the appraised value or sales price is included within Other, below.
(b)LGD percentage represents the amount that PNC expects to lose in the event a borrower defaults on an obligation.
(c)Other included Nonaccrual loans of $25 million, OREO and foreclosed assets of $70 million and Long-lived assets held for sale of $6 million as of March 31, 2016. Comparably, as of December 31, 2015, Other included Nonaccrual loans of $10 million, OREO and foreclosed assets of $137 million and Long-lived assets held for sale of $23 million. The fair value of these assets is determined based on appraised value or sales price, the range of which is not meaningful to disclose.

Financial Instruments Accounted For Under Fair Value Option

We elect the fair value option to account for certain financial instruments. For more information on these financial instruments for which the fair value option election has been made, please refer to Note 7 Fair Value in our 2015 Form 10-K.

The changes in fair value for items for which we elected the fair value option are included in Noninterest income and Noninterest expense on the Consolidated Income Statement and are as follows:
Table 70: Fair Value Option - Changes in Fair Value (a)
Gains (Losses)
Three months ended
March 31March 31
In millions20162015
Assets
Commercial mortgage loans held for sale$27$25
Residential mortgage loans held for sale4746
Residential mortgage loans – portfolio616
BlackRock Series C Preferred Stock(11)9
Other assets(16)1
(a)The impact on earnings of offsetting hedged items or hedging instruments is not reflected in these amounts.

Fair values and aggregate unpaid principal balances of items for which we elected the fair value option follow.
Table 71: Fair Value Option - Fair Value and Principal Balances
Aggregate Unpaid
In millionsFair ValuePrincipal BalanceDifference
March 31, 2016
Assets
Customer resale agreements$138$134$4
Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Performing loans76773136
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due44
Nonaccrual loans99
Total78074436
Commercial mortgage loans held for sale (a)
Performing loans652657(5)
Nonaccrual loans35(2)
Total655662(7)
Residential mortgage loans - portfolio
Performing loans270313(43)
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due 410410
Nonaccrual loans215361(146)
Total8951,084(189)
Other assets167172(5)
Liabilities
Other borrowed funds $63$64$(1)
December 31, 2015
Assets
Customer resale agreements$137$133$4
Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Performing loans83280428
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due44
Nonaccrual loans78(1)
Total84381627
Commercial mortgage loans held for sale (a)
Performing loans639659(20)
Nonaccrual loans23(1)
Total641662(21)
Residential mortgage loans - portfolio
Performing loans204260(56)
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due 475478(3)
Nonaccrual loans226361(135)
Total9051,099(194)
Other assets1641595
Liabilities
Other borrowed funds $93$95$(2)
(a)There were no accruing loans 90 days or more past due within this category at March 31, 2016 or December 31, 2015.

Additional Fair Value Information Related to Other Financial Instruments

The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values, including the level within the fair value hierarchy, of all other financial instruments that are not measured on the consolidated financial statements at fair value as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Table 72: Additional Fair Value Information Related to Other Financial Instruments
CarryingFair Value
In millionsAmount TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
March 31, 2016
Assets
Cash and due from banks$3,861$3,861$3,861
Short-term assets31,78731,787$31,787
Securities held to maturity15,15415,60831715,285$6
Loans held for sale1061099415
Net loans (excludes leases)196,280199,002199,002
Other assets1,7672,2981,748550(a)
Total assets$248,955$252,665$4,178$48,914$199,573
Liabilities
Demand, savings and money market deposits$231,304$231,304$231,304
Time deposits19,05519,13219,132
Borrowed funds53,54554,10952,775$1,334
Unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit263263263
Other liabilities535353
Total liabilities$304,220$304,861$303,264$1,597
December 31, 2015
Assets
Cash and due from banks$4,065$4,065$4,065
Short-term assets32,95932,959$32,959
Securities held to maturity14,76815,00229814,698$6
Loans held for sale56562234
Net loans (excludes leases)195,579197,611197,611
Other assets1,8172,4081,786622(a)
Total assets$249,244$252,101$4,363$49,465$198,273
Liabilities
Demand, savings and money market deposits$228,492$228,492$228,492
Time deposits20,51020,47120,471
Borrowed funds53,76154,00252,578$1,424
Unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit245245245
Total liabilities$303,008$303,210$301,541$1,669
(a)Represents estimated fair value of Visa Class B common shares, which was estimated solely based upon the March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 closing price for the Visa Class A common shares, respectively, and the Visa Class B common share conversion rate, which reflects adjustments in respect of all litigation funding by Visa as of that date. The transfer restrictions on the Visa Class B common shares could impact the aforementioned estimate, until they can be converted to Class A common shares. See Note 21 Commitments and Guarantees in our 2015 Form 10-K for additional information.

The aggregate fair values in the preceding table represent only a portion of the total market value of PNC’s assets and liabilities as, in accordance with the guidance related to fair values of financial instruments, Table 72 excludes the following:

  • financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis,
  • real and personal property,
  • lease financing,
  • loan customer relationships,
  • deposit customer intangibles,
  • mortgage servicing rights,
  • retail branch networks,
  • fee-based businesses, such as asset management and brokerage, and
  • trademarks and brand names.

For more information regarding the methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair values of financial instruments included in Table 72, see Note 7 Fair Value in our 2015 Form 10-K.