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Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract]

Loans, Notes, Trade and Other Receivables Disclosure

Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses

Loans and leases are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition net of deferred fees and costs, and discounts related to purchased loans. Net deferred fees were $4.8 million and $0.8 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and discounts on purchased loans were $5.7 million and $6.0 million June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The following table provides outstanding balances related to each of our loan types:


	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021

	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	1,170,583	$	1,173,452
Time and demand	1,031,930		1,159,524

Commercial credit cards	16,329		13,928
Equipment finance	21,062
Time and demand other	101,262
Real estate construction	392,992		494,456
Construction other	292,400
Construction residential	100,592
Residential real estate	2,100,201		1,920,250
Residential first lien	1,459,861		1,299,534
Residential junior lien/home equity	640,340		620,716
Commercial real estate	2,319,094		2,251,097
Multifamily	360,335		385,432
Nonowner occupied	1,510,804		1,465,247
Owner occupied	447,955		400,418
Loans to individuals	1,136,884		999,975
Automobile and recreational vehicles	1,047,104		901,280
Consumer credit cards	8,717		11,151
Consumer other	81,063		87,544
Total loans and leases	$	7,119,754	$	6,839,230

In the table above, Commercial, financial, agricultural and other loans at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 includes $12.9 million and $71.3 million, respectively, in Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans for small businesses who meet the necessary eligibility requirements. PPP loans are 100% guaranteed by the Small Business Administration ("SBA") under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") and are forgivable, in whole or in part, if the proceeds are used for payroll and other permitted purposes in accordance with the PPP requirements. Because PPP loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA, there is no allowance for credit losses recognized for these loans. Although the Company believes that the majority of these loans will ultimately be forgiven by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program, there could be risks and liability to the Company associated with participation in the program.

First Commonwealth’s loan portfolio includes five primary loan categories. When calculating the allowance for credit losses these categories are classified into fourteen portfolio segments. The composition of loans by portfolio segment includes:

Commercial, financial, agricultural and other

Time & Demand - Consists primarily of commercial and industrial loans. This category consists of loans that are typically cash flow dependent and therefore have different risk and loss characteristics than other commercial loans. Loans in this category include revolving and term structures with fixed and variable interest rates. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP.

Commercial Credit Cards - Consists of unsecured credit cards for commercial customers. These commercial credit cards have separate characteristics outside of normal commercial non-real estate loans, as they tend to have shorter overall duration. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP.

Equipment Finance - Consists of loans and leases to finance the purchase of equipment for commercial customers. The risk and loss characteristics are unique for this group due to the type of collateral. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP. There were no equipment finance loans or leases in the portfolio prior to the first quarter of 2022.

Time & Demand Other - Consists primarily of loans to state and political subdivisions and other commercial loans that have different characteristics than loans in the Time and Demand category. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of household debt to income and economic conditions measured by GDP. Prior to the first quarter of 2022, these loans were included in the Time and Demand category. The breakout into a separate category is the result of an annual review of the peer group loss history and loss drivers used in the allowance for credit losses model.

Real estate construction

Construction Other - Consists of construction loans to commercial builders and developers and are secured by the properties under development.

Construction Residential - Consists of loans to finance the construction of residential properties during the construction period. Borrowers are typically individuals who will occupy the completed single family property.

The risk and loss characteristics of these two construction categories are different than other real estate secured categories due to the collateral being at various stages of completion. The nature of the project and type of borrower of the two construction categories provides for unique risk and loss characteristics for each category. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for construction loans include forecasts of national unemployment and measures of completed construction projects. Prior to the first quarter of 2022, all construction loans were included in one loan category. The breakout into separate construction categories is the result of an annual review of the peer group loss history and loss drivers used in the allowance for credit losses model.

Residential real estate

Residential first lien - Consists of loans with collateral of 1-4 family residencies with a senior lien position. The risk and loss characteristics are unique for this group because the collateral for these loans are the borrower’s primary residence. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and residential property values.

Residential Junior Lien/Home Equity - Consists of loans with collateral of 1-4 family residencies with an open end line of credit or junior lien position. The junior lien position for the majority of these loans provides a higher risk of loss than other residential real estate loans. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and residential property values.

Commercial real estate

Multifamily - Consists of loans secured by commercial multifamily properties. Real estate related to rentals to consumers provide unique risk and loss characteristics. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of commercial real estate values and national unemployment. In the first quarter of 2022, as a result of an annual review of peer group loss history and loss drivers, national unemployment replaced rental vacancy as one of the primary macroeconomic drivers in this category.

Nonowner Occupied - Consists of loans secured by commercial real estate non-owner occupied and provides different loss characteristics than other real estate categories. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP.

Owner Occupied - Consists of loans secured by commercial real estate owner occupied properties. The risk and loss characteristics of this category were considered different than other real estate categories because it is owner occupied and would impact the ability to conduct business. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP.

Loans to individuals

Automobile and Recreational Vehicles - Consists of both direct and indirect loans with automobiles and recreational vehicles held as collateral. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of consumer sentiment and automobile retention value.

Consumer Credit Cards – Consists of unsecured consumer credit cards. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of consumer sentiment and economic conditions measured by GDP.

Other Consumer - Consists of lines of credit, student loans and other consumer loans, not secured by real estate or autos. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of consumer sentiment and retail sales. In the first quarter of 2022, as a result of an annual review of peer group loss history and loss drivers, retail sales replaced household debt as one of the primary macroeconomic factors for this category.

The allowance for credit losses is calculated by pooling loans of similar credit risk characteristics and applying a discounted cash flow methodology after incorporating probability of default and loss given default estimates. Probability of default represents an estimate of the likelihood of default, and loss given default measures the expected loss upon default. Inputs impacting the expected losses include a forecast of macroeconomic factors, using a weighted forecast from a nationally recognized firm. Our model incorporates a one-year forecast of macroeconomic factors, after which the factors revert back to the historical mean over a one-year period. The most significant macroeconomic factor used in estimating credit losses is the national unemployment rate. The forecasted value for national unemployment at the beginning of the forecast period was 3.58% and during the one-year forecast period it was projected to average 4.28%, with a peak of 4.59%. Current forecast assumptions consider the impact of rising interest rates, global oil prices and supply chain disruption, COVID-19, inflation, Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the potential effects of these on the US economy.

Credit Quality Information

As part of the on-going monitoring of credit quality within the loan portfolio, the following credit worthiness categories are used in grading our loans:


Pass						Acceptable levels of risk exist in the relationship. Includes all loans not classified as OAEM, substandard or doubtful.

Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM)						Potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. The potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects or weaken the Company’s credit position at some future date. The credit risk may be relatively minor, yet constitute an undesirable risk in light of the circumstances surrounding the specific credit. No loss of principal or interest is expected.

Substandard						Well-defined weakness or a weakness that jeopardizes the repayment of the debt. A loan may be classified as substandard as a result of deterioration of the borrower’s financial condition and repayment capacity. Loans for which repayment plans have not been met or collateral equity margins do not protect the Company may also be classified as substandard.

Doubtful						Loans with the characteristics of substandard loans with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of presently existing facts and conditions, is highly improbable.

The Company’s internal creditworthiness grading system provides a measurement of credit risk based primarily on an evaluation of the borrower’s cash flow and collateral. Category ratings are reviewed each quarter, at which time management analyzes the results, as well as other external statistics and factors related to loan performance.

The following tables represent our credit risk profile by creditworthiness:


	June 30, 2022
			Non-Pass
	Pass		OAEM		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total Non-Pass		Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	1,130,005	$	25,367	$	15,211	$	—	$	—	$	40,578	$	1,170,583
Time and demand	991,400		25,367		15,163		—		—		40,530		1,031,930
Commercial credit cards	16,329		—		—		—		—		—		16,329
Equipment finance	21,062		—		—		—		—		—		21,062
Time and demand other	101,214		—		48		—		—		48		101,262
Real estate construction	392,992		—		—		—		—		—		392,992
Construction other	292,400		—		—		—		—		—		292,400
Construction residential	100,592		—		—		—		—		—		100,592
Residential real estate	2,093,809		508		5,884		—		—		6,392		2,100,201
Residential first lien	1,456,372		442		3,047		—		—		3,489		1,459,861
Residential junior lien/home equity	637,437		66		2,837		—		—		2,903		640,340
Commercial real estate	2,219,583		71,107		28,404		—		—		99,511		2,319,094
Multifamily	348,699		11,577		59		—		—		11,636		360,335
Nonowner occupied	1,433,203		54,518		23,083		—		—		77,601		1,510,804
Owner occupied	437,681		5,012		5,262		—		—		10,274		447,955
Loans to individuals	1,136,585		—		299		—		—		299		1,136,884
Automobile and recreational vehicles	1,046,879		—		225		—		—		225		1,047,104
Consumer credit cards	8,717		—		—		—		—		—		8,717
Consumer other	80,989		—		74		—		—		74		81,063
Total loans and leases	$	6,972,974	$	96,982	$	49,798	$	—	$	—	$	146,780	$	7,119,754


	December 31, 2021
			Non-Pass
	Pass		OAEM		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total Non-Pass		Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	1,121,234	$	33,765	$	18,453	$	—	$	—	$	52,218	$	1,173,452
Time and demand	1,107,306		33,765		18,453		—		—		52,218		1,159,524
Commercial credit cards	13,928		—		—		—		—		—		13,928
Real estate construction	493,913		498		45		—		—		543		494,456
Residential real estate	1,913,064		976		6,210		—		—		7,186		1,920,250
Residential first lien	1,295,524		905		3,105		—		—		4,010		1,299,534
Residential junior lien/home equity	617,540		71		3,105		—		—		3,176		620,716
Commercial real estate	2,113,123		85,324		52,650		—		—		137,974		2,251,097
Multifamily	355,702		14,565		15,165		—		—		29,730		385,432
Nonowner occupied	1,368,922		63,783		32,542		—		—		96,325		1,465,247
Owner occupied	388,499		6,976		4,943		—		—		11,919		400,418
Loans to individuals	999,770		—		205		—		—		205		999,975
Automobile and recreational vehicles	901,132		—		148		—		—		148		901,280
Consumer credit cards	11,151		—		—		—		—		—		11,151
Consumer other	87,487		—		57		—		—		57		87,544
Total loans and leases	$	6,641,104	$	120,563	$	77,563	$	—	$	—	$	198,126	$	6,839,230

The following table summarizes the loan risk rating category by loan type including term loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year:


	June 30, 2022
	Term Loans												Revolving Loans
	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior				Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Time and demand	$	93,111	$	178,511	$	82,977	$	115,010	$	70,013	$	65,734	$	426,574	$	1,031,930
Pass	93,111		178,090		73,731		101,373		69,772		57,500		417,823		991,400
OAEM	—		421		9,017		2,381		161		7,136		6,251		25,367
Substandard	—		—		229		11,256		80		1,098		2,500		15,163
Commercial credit cards	—		—		—		—		—		—		16,329		16,329
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		16,329		16,329


Equipment finance	21,062		—		—		—		—		—		—		21,062
Pass	21,062		—		—		—		—		—		—		21,062


Time and demand other	2,932		20,270		21,067		5,219		2,938		42,838		5,998		101,262
Pass	2,932		20,270		21,067		5,219		2,938		42,790		5,998		101,214

Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		48		—		48
Construction other	14,769		109,217		83,590		59,661		23,733		1,136		294		292,400
Pass	14,769		109,217		83,590		59,661		23,733		1,136		294		292,400

Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Construction residential	15,649		82,436		1,763		726		17		—		1		100,592
Pass	15,649		82,436		1,763		726		17		—		1		100,592
OAEM	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Residential first lien	178,864		453,634		352,616		110,550		74,971		286,920		2,306		1,459,861
Pass	178,864		453,623		352,599		110,289		74,395		284,373		2,229		1,456,372
OAEM	—		—		—		—		59		306		77		442
Substandard	—		11		17		261		517		2,241		—		3,047
Residential junior lien/home equity	44,775		53,317		1,755		2,595		2,115		5,294		530,489		640,340
Pass	44,775		53,317		1,755		2,523		2,115		5,151		527,801		637,437
OAEM	—		—		—		—		—		56		10		66
Substandard	—		—		—		72		—		87		2,678		2,837
Multifamily	43,904		89,606		65,100		42,286		20,166		97,915		1,358		360,335
Pass	43,904		89,606		65,100		42,286		20,166		86,279		1,358		348,699
OAEM	—		—		—		—		—		11,577		—		11,577
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		59		—		59
Nonowner occupied	144,401		176,376		109,101		217,499		178,281		681,188		3,958		1,510,804
Pass	144,401		176,376		109,101		217,499		141,473		641,555		2,798		1,433,203
OAEM	—		—		—		—		28,972		24,544		1,002		54,518
Substandard	—		—		—		—		7,836		15,089		158		23,083
Owner occupied	68,246		86,755		62,207		49,040		28,350		147,811		5,546		447,955
Pass	68,246		86,732		60,441		47,352		27,836		141,640		5,434		437,681
OAEM	—		—		775		836		514		2,854		33		5,012
Substandard	—		23		991		852		—		3,317		79		5,262
Automobile and recreational vehicles	319,430		386,347		206,560		92,660		31,796		10,311		—		1,047,104
Pass	319,430		386,345		206,518		92,572		31,732		10,282		—		1,046,879

Substandard	—		2		42		88		64		29		—		225
Consumer credit cards	—		—		—		—		—		—		8,717		8,717
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		8,717		8,717


Consumer other	3,214		19,349		3,342		5,681		3,145		4,894		41,438		81,063
Pass	3,214		19,349		3,342		5,676		3,139		4,889		41,380		80,989

Substandard	—		—		—		5		6		5		58		74
Total	$	950,357	$	1,655,818	$	990,078	$	700,927	$	435,525	$	1,344,041	$	1,043,008	$	7,119,754


	December 31, 2021
	Term Loans												Revolving Loans
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior				Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Time and demand	$	281,244	$	126,403	$	143,030	$	91,118	$	45,442	$	111,127	$	361,160	$	1,159,524
Pass	280,854		125,728		128,080		83,204		31,472		102,399		355,569		1,107,306
OAEM	390		596		1,125		7,780		13,945		7,126		2,803		33,765
Substandard	—		79		13,825		134		25		1,602		2,788		18,453
Commercial credit cards	—		—		—		—		—		—		13,928		13,928
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		13,928		13,928


Real estate construction	202,016		129,298		123,153		38,267		441		841		440		494,456
Pass	201,992		128,824		123,153		38,267		441		796		440		493,913
OAEM	24		474		—		—		—		—		—		498
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		45		—		45
Residential first lien	376,106		375,904		126,788		84,484		74,268		260,010		1,974		1,299,534
Pass	376,095		375,885		126,618		84,079		74,135		256,815		1,897		1,295,524
OAEM	—		—		—		67		—		761		77		905
Substandard	11		19		170		338		133		2,434		—		3,105
Residential junior lien/home equity	56,861		1,999		3,322		2,684		1,009		5,348		549,493		620,716
Pass	56,861		1,999		3,246		2,684		1,009		5,195		546,546		617,540
OAEM	—		—		—		—		—		61		10		71
Substandard	—		—		76		—		—		92		2,937		3,105
Multifamily	90,062		73,068		16,782		36,523		63,872		103,774		1,351		385,432
Pass	90,062		73,068		16,782		21,846		49,832		102,761		1,351		355,702
OAEM	—		—		—		—		14,040		525		—		14,565
Substandard	—		—		—		14,677		—		488		—		15,165
Nonowner occupied	194,137		98,840		202,236		173,053		177,295		615,943		3,743		1,465,247
Pass	194,137		98,840		202,236		155,293		152,174		563,743		2,499		1,368,922
OAEM	—		—		—		3,723		19,235		39,737		1,088		63,783
Substandard	—		—		—		14,037		5,886		12,463		156		32,542
Owner occupied	77,710		62,380		53,954		34,115		32,989		134,713		4,557		400,418
Pass	77,710		59,973		51,513		33,623		31,644		129,593		4,443		388,499
OAEM	—		2,194		1,220		492		1,321		1,716		33		6,976
Substandard	—		213		1,221		—		24		3,404		81		4,943
Automobile and recreational vehicles	456,730		252,518		122,943		48,375		17,230		3,484		—		901,280
Pass	456,730		252,518		122,867		48,361		17,224		3,432		—		901,132

Substandard	—		—		76		14		6		52		—		148
Consumer credit cards	—		—		—		—		—		—		11,151		11,151
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		11,151		11,151


Consumer other	22,156		4,655		8,030		5,084		542		5,503		41,574		87,544
Pass	22,156		4,655		8,030		5,084		542		5,460		41,560		87,487

Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		43		14		57
Total	$	1,757,022	$	1,125,065	$	800,238	$	513,703	$	413,088	$	1,240,743	$	989,371	$	6,839,230

Portfolio Risks

The credit quality of our loan portfolio can potentially represent significant risk to our earnings, capital and liquidity. First Commonwealth devotes substantial resources to managing this risk primarily through our credit administration department that develops and administers policies and procedures for underwriting, maintaining, monitoring and collecting loans. Credit administration is independent of lending departments and oversight is provided by the Credit Committee of the First Commonwealth Board of Directors.

Total net charge-offs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were $2.7 million and $7.2 million, respectively.

Age Analysis of Past Due Loans by Segment

The following tables delineate the aging analysis of the recorded investments in past due loans as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Also included in these tables are loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing because they are well-secured and in the process of collection.


	June 30, 2022
	30 - 59 days past due		60 - 89 days past due		90 days or greater and still accruing		Nonaccrual		Total past due and nonaccrual		Current		Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	121	$	34	$	699	$	1,668	$	2,522	$	1,168,061	$	1,170,583
Time and demand	14		30		613		1,668		2,325		1,029,605		1,031,930
Commercial credit cards	107		4		82		—		193		16,136		16,329
Equipment finance	—		—		—		—		—		21,062		21,062
Time and demand other	—		—		4		—		4		101,258		101,262
Real estate construction	—		—		—		—		—		392,992		392,992
Construction other	—		—		—		—		—		292,400		292,400
Construction residential	—		—		—		—		—		100,592		100,592
Residential real estate	2,382		1,217		920		5,369		9,888		2,090,313		2,100,201
Residential first lien	1,503		661		447		2,721		5,332		1,454,529		1,459,861
Residential junior lien/home equity	879		556		473		2,648		4,556		635,784		640,340
Commercial real estate	76		33		1,002		21,952		23,063		2,296,031		2,319,094
Multifamily	76		—		—		—		76		360,259		360,335
Nonowner occupied	—		—		1,002		20,764		21,766		1,489,038		1,510,804
Owner occupied	—		33		—		1,188		1,221		446,734		447,955
Loans to individuals	2,265		527		534		299		3,625		1,133,259		1,136,884
Automobile and recreational vehicles	1,855		326		100		225		2,506		1,044,598		1,047,104
Consumer credit cards	82		65		46		—		193		8,524		8,717
Consumer other	328		136		388		74		926		80,137		81,063
Total loans and leases	$	4,844	$	1,811	$	3,155	$	29,288	$	39,098	$	7,080,656	$	7,119,754


	December 31, 2021
	30 - 59 days past due		60 - 89 days past due		90 days or greater and still accruing		Nonaccrual		Total past due and nonaccrual		Current		Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	633	$	987	$	155	$	2,006	$	3,781	$	1,169,671	$	1,173,452
Time and demand	605		972		144		2,006		3,727		1,155,797		1,159,524
Commercial credit cards	28		15		11		—		54		13,874		13,928
Real estate construction	813		—		448		45		1,306		493,150		494,456
Residential real estate	3,393		983		218		5,608		10,202		1,910,048		1,920,250
Residential first lien	1,934		354		51		2,706		5,045		1,294,489		1,299,534
Residential junior lien/home equity	1,459		629		167		2,902		5,157		615,559		620,716
Commercial real estate	—		74		—		40,195		40,269		2,210,828		2,251,097
Multifamily	—		—		—		15,097		15,097		370,335		385,432
Nonowner occupied	—		—		—		23,930		23,930		1,441,317		1,465,247
Owner occupied	—		74		—		1,168		1,242		399,176		400,418
Loans to individuals	1,611		417		785		206		3,019		996,956		999,975
Automobile and recreational vehicles	1,228		175		199		148		1,750		899,530		901,280
Consumer credit cards	36		44		63		—		143		11,008		11,151
Consumer other	347		198		523		58		1,126		86,418		87,544
Total loans and leases	$	6,450	$	2,461	$	1,606	$	48,060	$	58,577	$	6,780,653	$	6,839,230

Nonaccrual Loans

The previous tables summarize nonaccrual loans by loan segment. The Company generally places loans on nonaccrual status when the full and timely collection of interest or principal becomes uncertain, when part of the principal balance has been charged off and no restructuring has occurred, or the loans reach a certain number of days past due. Generally, loans 90 days or more past due are placed on nonaccrual status, except for consumer loans, which are placed on nonaccrual status at 150 days past due.

When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, the accrued unpaid interest receivable is reversed against interest income and all future payments received are applied as a reduction to the loan principal. Generally, the loan is returned to accrual status when (a) all delinquent interest and principal becomes current under the terms of the loan agreement or (b) the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection and collectability is no longer in doubt.

Nonperforming Loans

Management considers loans to be nonperforming when, based on current information and events, it is determined that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the loan contract, including scheduled interest payments. Nonperforming loans include nonaccrual loans and all troubled debt restructured loans. When management identifies a loan as nonperforming, the credit loss is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except when the sole source for repayment of the loan is the operation or liquidation of collateral. When the loan is collateral dependent, the appraised value less estimated cost to sell is utilized. If management determines that the value of the loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, a credit loss is recognized through an allowance estimate or a charge-off to the allowance for credit losses.

When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of a nonperforming loan is in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual status, all payments are applied to principal, under the cost recovery method. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of a nonperforming loan is not in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual status, contractual interest is credited to interest income when received under the cash basis method.

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were no nonperforming loans held for sale. During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, there were no gains recognized on the sale of nonperforming loans.

The following tables include the recorded investment and unpaid principal balance for nonperforming loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Also presented are the average recorded investment in nonperforming loans and the related amount of interest recognized while the loan was considered nonperforming. Average balances are calculated using month-end balances of the loans for the period reported and are included in the table below based on their period-end allowance position.


	June 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Recorded investment		Unpaid principal balance		Related allowance		Recorded investment		Unpaid principal balance		Related allowance
	(dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	3,653	$	10,002			$	3,720	$	10,303
Time and demand	3,653		10,002				3,720		10,303

Equipment finance	—		—
Time and demand other	—		—
Real estate construction	—		—				45		53
Construction other	—		—
Construction residential	—		—
Residential real estate	8,638		10,527				9,365		11,294
Residential first lien	4,859		5,950				5,200		6,337
Residential junior lien/home equity	3,779		4,577				4,165		4,957
Commercial real estate	16,510		16,752				40,591		41,525
Multifamily	—		—				14,677		14,677
Nonowner occupied	14,913		14,939				24,581		25,310
Owner occupied	1,597		1,813				1,333		1,538
Loans to individuals	438		484				446		485
Automobile and recreational vehicles	364		405				388		422

Consumer other	74		79				58		63
Subtotal	29,239		37,765				54,167		63,660
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	—		—		$	—	327		349		$	307
Time and demand	—		—		—		327		349		307

Equipment finance	—		—		—
Time and demand other	—		—		—
Real estate construction	—		—		—		—		—		—
Construction other	—		—		—
Construction residential	—		—		—
Residential real estate	—		—		—		—		—		—
Residential first lien	—		—		—		—		—		—
Residential junior lien/home equity	—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate	6,453		7,263		360		686		711		88
Multifamily	—		—		—		421		446		88
Nonowner occupied	6,453		7,263		360		—		—		—
Owner occupied	—		—		—		265		265		—
Loans to individuals	—		—		—		—		—		—
Automobile and recreational vehicles	—		—		—		—		—		—

Consumer other	—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal	6,453		7,263		360		1,013		1,060		395
Total	$	35,692	$	45,028	$	360	$	55,180	$	64,720	$	395


	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022				2021

	Average recorded investment		Interest income recognized		Average recorded investment		Interest income recognized
	(dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	3,883	$	50	$	3,966	$	43
Time and demand	3,883		50		3,966		43

Equipment finance	—		—
Time and demand other	—		—
Real estate construction	—		—		54		—
Construction other	—		—
Construction residential	—		—
Residential real estate	8,985		141		10,726		221
Residential first lien	5,080		105		5,822		176
Residential junior lien/home equity	3,905		36		4,904		45
Commercial real estate	16,933		63		15,879		30
Multifamily	344		—		—		—
Nonowner occupied	14,986		52		13,079		10
Owner occupied	1,603		11		2,800		20
Loans to individuals	432		8		477		6
Automobile and recreational vehicles	361		8		426		6

Consumer other	71		—		51		—
Subtotal	30,233		262		31,102		300
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	—		—		6,813		36
Time and demand	—		—		6,813		36

Equipment finance	—		—
Time and demand other	—		—
Real estate construction	—		—		—		—
Construction other	—		—
Construction residential	—		—
Residential real estate	—		—		—		—
Residential first lien	—		—		—		—
Residential junior lien/home equity	—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate	7,024		—		14,730		—
Multifamily	—		—		457		—
Nonowner occupied	7,024		—		14,096		—
Owner occupied	—		—		177		—
Loans to individuals	—		—		—		—
Automobile and recreational vehicles	—		—		—		—

Consumer other	—		—		—		—
Subtotal	7,024		—		21,543		36
Total	$	37,257	$	262	$	52,645	$	336


	For the Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022				2021

	Average recorded investment		Interest income recognized			Average recorded investment		Interest Income Recognized
	(dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	3,822	$	27		$	5,591	$	31
Time and demand	3,822		27			5,591		31

Equipment finance	—		—
Time and demand other	—		—
Real estate construction	—		—			54		—
Construction other	—		—
Construction residential	—		—
Residential real estate	8,769		57			10,560		159
Residential first lien	4,963		43			5,661		132
Residential junior lien/home equity	3,806		14			4,899		27
Commercial real estate	16,676		49			13,689		7
Multifamily	273		—			—		—
Nonowner occupied	14,796		42			11,227		2
Owner occupied	1,607		7			2,462		5
Loans to individuals	423		5			475		4
Automobile	365		5			415		4

Consumer other	58		—			60		—
Subtotal	29,690		138			30,369		201
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	—		—			8,791		19
Time and demand	—		—			8,791		19

Equipment finance	—		—
Time and demand other	—		—
Real estate construction	—		—			—		—
Construction other	—		—
Construction residential	—		—
Residential real estate	—		—			—		—
Residential first lien	—		—			—		—
Residential junior lien/home equity	—		—			—		—
Commercial real estate	6,510		—			14,329		—
Multifamily	—		—			450		—
Nonowner occupied	6,510		—			13,614		—
Owner occupied	—		—			265		—
Loans to individuals	—		—			—		—
Automobile	—		—			—		—

Consumer other	—		—			—		—
Subtotal	6,510		—			23,120		19
Total	$	36,200	$	138		$	53,489	$	220

Unfunded commitments related to nonperforming loans were $0.1 million and $0.2 million at both June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. After consideration of the requirements to draw and available collateral related to these commitments, it was determined that no reserve was required at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Troubled debt restructured loans are those loans whose terms have been renegotiated to provide a reduction or deferral of principal or interest as a result of the financial difficulties experienced by the borrower, who could not obtain comparable terms from alternative financing sources. Troubled debt restructured loans are considered to be nonperforming loans.

The following table provides detail as to the total troubled debt restructured loans and total commitments outstanding on troubled debt restructured loans:


	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
	(dollars in thousands)
Troubled debt restructured loans
Accrual status	$	6,404	$	7,120
Nonaccrual status	9,694		13,134
Total	$	16,098	$	20,254
Commitments
Letters of credit	$	60	$	60
Unused lines of credit	20		16
Total	$	80	$	76

The following tables provide detail, including specific reserves and reasons for modification, related to loans identified as troubled debt restructurings:


	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
		Type of Modification
	Number of Contracts	Extend Maturity		Modify Rate		Modify Payments		Total Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Specific Reserve
	(dollars in thousands)




Residential real estate	2	$	—	$	10	$	59	$	69	$	68	$	—
Residential first lien	2	—		10		59		69		68		—









Total	2	$	—	$	10	$	59	$	69	$	68	$	—


	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
		Type of Modification
	Number of Contracts	Extend Maturity		Modify Rate		Modify Payments		Total Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Specific Reserve
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	3	$	6,373	$	—	$	6,596	$	12,969	$	10,167	$	1,091
Time and demand	3	6,373		—		6,596		12,969		10,167		1,091


Residential real estate	7	—		105		186		291		287		—
Residential first lien	6	—		105		172		277		274		—
Residential junior lien/home equity	1	—		—		14		14		13		—




Loans to individuals	4	—		93		—		93		85		—
Automobile and recreational vehicles	4	—		93		—		93		85		—


Total	14	$	6,373	$	198	$	6,782	$	13,353	$	10,539	$	1,091

The troubled debt restructurings included in the above tables are also included in the nonperforming loan tables provided earlier in this note. Loans defined as modified due to a change in rate may include loans that were modified for a change in rate as well as a re-amortization of the principal and an extension of the maturity. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, $10 thousand and $169 thousand, respectively, of total rate modifications represent loans with modifications to the rate as well as payment as a result of re-amortization. For both 2022 and 2021, the changes in loan balances between the pre-modification balance and the post-modification balance are due to customer payments.The following table provides detail, including specific reserves and reasons for modification, related to loans identified as troubled debt restructurings for the three months ended June 30, 2021.


	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
		Type of Modification
	Number of Contracts	Extend Maturity		Modify Rate		Modify Payments		Total Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Specific Reserve
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	1	$	—	$	—	$	6,596	$	6,596	$	3,916	$	—
Time and demand	1	—		—		6,596		6,596		3,916		—


Residential real estate	4	—		—		172		172		169		—
Residential first lien	4	—		—		172		172		169		—





Loans to individuals	2	—		29		—		29		29		—
Automobile and recreational vehicles	2	—		29		—		29		29		—


Total	7	$	—	$	29	$	6,768	$	6,797	$	4,114	$	—

The troubled debt restructurings included in the above tables are also included in the nonperforming loan tables provided earlier in this note. Loans defined as modified due to a change in rate may include loans that were modified for a change in rate as well as a re-amortization of the principal and an extension of the maturity. For the three months ended June 30, 2021, $169 thousand of total rate modifications represent loans with modifications to the rate as well as payment as a result of re-amortization. For three months ended June 30, 2022, there were no similar modifications. For modifications made in 2021, the changes in loan balances between the pre-modification balance and the post-modification balance are due to customer payments.

A troubled debt restructuring is considered to be in default when a restructured loan is 90 days or more past due. The following table provides information related to loans that were restructured within the past twelve months and that were considered to be in default during the six months ended June 30:



	2022			2021
	Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment
	(dollars in thousands)











Loans to individuals	1	$	16	—	$	—
Automobile and recreational vehicles	1	16		—	—


Total	1	$	16	—	$	—

The following tables provide detail related to the allowance for credit losses:


	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Beginning balance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (credit)a		Ending balance
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	18,093	$	(984)	$	159	$	4,721	$	21,989
Time and demand	15,283		(283)		78		4,843		19,921
Commercial credit cards	247		(77)		26		191		387
Equipment finance	—		—		—		272		272
Time and demand other	2,563		(624)		55		(585)		1,409
Real estate construction	4,220		—		—		1,309		5,529
Construction other	3,278		—		—		322		3,600
Construction residential	942		—		—		987		1,929
Residential real estate	12,625		(144)		60		5,206		17,747
Residential first lien	7,459		(45)		45		4,401		11,860
Residential junior lien/home equity	5,166		(99)		15		805		5,887
Commercial real estate	33,376		(552)		19		(1,456)		31,387
Multifamily	3,561		(411)		—		405		3,555
Nonowner occupied	24,838		(141)		10		(3,754)		20,953
Owner occupied	4,977		—		9		1,893		6,879
Loans to individuals	24,208		(2,049)		829		(6,037)		16,951
Automobile and recreational vehicles	21,392		(977)		543		(6,395)		14,563
Consumer credit cards	496		(233)		38		11		312
Consumer other	2,320		(839)		248		347		2,076
Total loans and leases	$	92,522	$	(3,729)	$	1,067	$	3,743	$	93,603

a) The provision expense(credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.


	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
							Loans
	Ending balance		Ending balance: individually evaluated for credit losses		Ending balance: collectively evaluated for credit losses		Ending balance		Ending balance: individually evaluated for credit losses		Ending balance: collectively evaluated for credit losses
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	21,989	$	—	$	21,989	$	1,170,583	$	2,582	$	1,168,001
Time and demand	19,921		—		19,921		1,031,930		2,582		1,029,348
Commercial credit cards	387		—		387		16,329		—		16,329
Equipment finance	272		—		272		21,062		—		21,062
Time and demand other	1,409		—		1,409		101,262		—		101,262
Real estate construction	5,529		—		5,529		392,992		—		392,992
Construction other	3,600		—		3,600		292,400		—		292,400
Construction residential	1,929		—		1,929		100,592		—		100,592
Residential real estate	17,747		—		17,747		2,100,201		253		2,099,948
Residential first lien	11,860		—		11,860		1,459,861		—		1,459,861
Residential junior lien/home equity	5,887		—		5,887		640,340		253		640,087
Commercial real estate	31,387		360		31,027		2,319,094		21,960		2,297,134
Multifamily	3,555		—		3,555		360,335		—		360,335
Nonowner occupied	20,953		360		20,593		1,510,804		21,044		1,489,760
Owner occupied	6,879		—		6,879		447,955		916		447,039
Loans to individuals	16,951		—		16,951		1,136,884		—		1,136,884
Automobile and recreational vehicles	14,563		—		14,563		1,047,104		—		1,047,104
Consumer credit cards	312		—		312		8,717		—		8,717
Consumer other	2,076		—		2,076		81,063		—		81,063
Total loans and leases	$	93,603	$	360	$	93,243	$	7,119,754	$	24,795	$	7,094,959


	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Beginning balance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (credit)a		Ending balance
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	17,187	$	(4,456)	$	193	$	8,542	$	21,466
Time and demand	16,838		(4,338)		188		8,410		21,098
Commercial credit cards	349		(118)		5		132		368
Real estate construction	7,966		—		135		(3,816)		4,285
Residential real estate	14,358		(119)		211		(1,517)		12,933
Residential first lien	7,919		(36)		182		(671)		7,394
Residential junior lien/home equity	6,439		(83)		29		(846)		5,539
Commercial real estate	41,953		(1,557)		40		(4,641)		35,795
Multifamily	6,240		(1)		—		(1,860)		4,379
Nonowner occupied	28,414		(1,556)		40		13		26,911
Owner occupied	7,299		—		—		(2,794)		4,505
Loans to individuals	19,845		(2,472)		828		4,358		22,559
Automobile and recreational vehicles	16,133		(1,068)		575		3,658		19,298
Consumer credit cards	635		(247)		42		98		528
Consumer other	3,077		(1,157)		211		602		2,733
Total loans and leases	$	101,309	$	(8,604)	$	1,407	$	2,926	$	97,038

a) The provision expense(credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.


	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Beginning balance			Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (credit)a		Ending balance
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	20,721		$	(509)	$	79	$	1,698	$	21,989
Time and demand	18,907			(139)		25		1,128		19,921

Commercial credit cards	342			(58)		25		78		387
Equipment finance	31			—		—		241		272
Time and demand other	1,441			(312)		29		251		1,409
Real estate construction	4,930			—		—		599		5,529
Construction other	3,175			—		—		425		3,600
Construction residential	1,755			—		—		174		1,929
Residential real estate	16,728		0	(5)		31		993		17,747
Residential first lien	11,125			(5)		22		718		11,860
Residential junior lien/home equity	5,603			—		9		275		5,887
Commercial real estate	33,704			(552)		5		(1,770)		31,387
Multifamily	3,610			(411)		—		356		3,555
Nonowner occupied	23,267			(141)		5		(2,178)		20,953
Owner occupied	6,827			—		—		52		6,879
Loans to individuals	15,105			(1,040)		463		2,423		16,951
Automobile and recreational vehicles	12,635			(425)		288		2,065		14,563
Consumer credit cards	382			(124)		14		40		312
Consumer other	2,088			(491)		161		318		2,076
Total loans and leases	$	91,188		$	(2,106)	$	578	$	3,943	$	93,603

a) The provision expense(credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.


	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Beginning balance			Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (credit)a		Ending balance
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	21,801		$	(3,887)	$	103	$	3,449	$	21,466
Time and demand	21,427			(3,878)		99		3,450		21,098
Commercial credit cards	374			(9)		4		(1)		368
Real estate construction	4,021			—		135		129		4,285
Residential real estate	12,829		—	(14)		174		(56)		12,933
Residential first lien	7,227			(13)		159		21		7,394
Residential junior lien/home equity	5,602			(1)		15		(77)		5,539
Commercial real estate	37,668			(7)		1		(1,867)		35,795
Multifamily	4,251			—		—		128		4,379
Nonowner occupied	27,889			(7)		1		(972)		26,911
Owner occupied	5,528		—	—		—		(1,023)		4,505
Loans to individuals	20,444			(931)		499		2,547		22,559
Automobile and recreational vehicles	16,888			(388)		394		2,404		19,298
Consumer credit cards	689			(79)		25		(107)		528
Consumer other	2,867			(464)		80		250		2,733
Total loans and leases	$	96,763		$	(4,839)	$	912	$	4,202	$	97,038

a) The provision expense(credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.

Recorded Investment and Unpaid Principal Balance for Impaired Loans with Associated Allowance


	June 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Recorded investment		Unpaid principal balance		Related allowance		Recorded investment		Unpaid principal balance		Related allowance
	(dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	3,653	$	10,002			$	3,720	$	10,303
Time and demand	3,653		10,002				3,720		10,303

Equipment finance	—		—
Time and demand other	—		—
Real estate construction	—		—				45		53
Construction other	—		—
Construction residential	—		—
Residential real estate	8,638		10,527				9,365		11,294
Residential first lien	4,859		5,950				5,200		6,337
Residential junior lien/home equity	3,779		4,577				4,165		4,957
Commercial real estate	16,510		16,752				40,591		41,525
Multifamily	—		—				14,677		14,677
Nonowner occupied	14,913		14,939				24,581		25,310
Owner occupied	1,597		1,813				1,333		1,538
Loans to individuals	438		484				446		485
Automobile and recreational vehicles	364		405				388		422

Consumer other	74		79				58		63
Subtotal	29,239		37,765				54,167		63,660
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	—		—		$	—	327		349		$	307
Time and demand	—		—		—		327		349		307

Equipment finance	—		—		—
Time and demand other	—		—		—
Real estate construction	—		—		—		—		—		—
Construction other	—		—		—
Construction residential	—		—		—
Residential real estate	—		—		—		—		—		—
Residential first lien	—		—		—		—		—		—
Residential junior lien/home equity	—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate	6,453		7,263		360		686		711		88
Multifamily	—		—		—		421		446		88
Nonowner occupied	6,453		7,263		360		—		—		—
Owner occupied	—		—		—		265		265		—
Loans to individuals	—		—		—		—		—		—
Automobile and recreational vehicles	—		—		—		—		—		—

Consumer other	—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal	6,453		7,263		360		1,013		1,060		395
Total	$	35,692	$	45,028	$	360	$	55,180	$	64,720	$	395


	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022				2021

	Average recorded investment		Interest income recognized		Average recorded investment		Interest income recognized
	(dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	3,883	$	50	$	3,966	$	43
Time and demand	3,883		50		3,966		43

Equipment finance	—		—
Time and demand other	—		—
Real estate construction	—		—		54		—
Construction other	—		—
Construction residential	—		—
Residential real estate	8,985		141		10,726		221
Residential first lien	5,080		105		5,822		176
Residential junior lien/home equity	3,905		36		4,904		45
Commercial real estate	16,933		63		15,879		30
Multifamily	344		—		—		—
Nonowner occupied	14,986		52		13,079		10
Owner occupied	1,603		11		2,800		20
Loans to individuals	432		8		477		6
Automobile and recreational vehicles	361		8		426		6

Consumer other	71		—		51		—
Subtotal	30,233		262		31,102		300
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	—		—		6,813		36
Time and demand	—		—		6,813		36

Equipment finance	—		—
Time and demand other	—		—
Real estate construction	—		—		—		—
Construction other	—		—
Construction residential	—		—
Residential real estate	—		—		—		—
Residential first lien	—		—		—		—
Residential junior lien/home equity	—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate	7,024		—		14,730		—
Multifamily	—		—		457		—
Nonowner occupied	7,024		—		14,096		—
Owner occupied	—		—		177		—
Loans to individuals	—		—		—		—
Automobile and recreational vehicles	—		—		—		—

Consumer other	—		—		—		—
Subtotal	7,024		—		21,543		36
Total	$	37,257	$	262	$	52,645	$	336


	For the Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022				2021

	Average recorded investment		Interest income recognized			Average recorded investment		Interest Income Recognized
	(dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	$	3,822	$	27		$	5,591	$	31
Time and demand	3,822		27			5,591		31

Equipment finance	—		—
Time and demand other	—		—
Real estate construction	—		—			54		—
Construction other	—		—
Construction residential	—		—
Residential real estate	8,769		57			10,560		159
Residential first lien	4,963		43			5,661		132
Residential junior lien/home equity	3,806		14			4,899		27
Commercial real estate	16,676		49			13,689		7
Multifamily	273		—			—		—
Nonowner occupied	14,796		42			11,227		2
Owner occupied	1,607		7			2,462		5
Loans to individuals	423		5			475		4
Automobile	365		5			415		4

Consumer other	58		—			60		—
Subtotal	29,690		138			30,369		201
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other	—		—			8,791		19
Time and demand	—		—			8,791		19

Equipment finance	—		—
Time and demand other	—		—
Real estate construction	—		—			—		—
Construction other	—		—
Construction residential	—		—
Residential real estate	—		—			—		—
Residential first lien	—		—			—		—
Residential junior lien/home equity	—		—			—		—
Commercial real estate	6,510		—			14,329		—
Multifamily	—		—			450		—
Nonowner occupied	6,510		—			13,614		—
Owner occupied	—		—			265		—
Loans to individuals	—		—			—		—
Automobile	—		—			—		—

Consumer other	—		—			—		—
Subtotal	6,510		—			23,120		19
Total	$	36,200	$	138		$	53,489	$	220