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Borrowings - Narrative (Details)
12 Months Ended
Mar. 16, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2015
USD ($)
Aug. 10, 2015
USD ($)
Nov. 01, 2013
USD ($)
investor
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Sep. 15, 2012
Jul. 02, 2007
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Required value of assets pledged as collateral as a percentage to outstanding advances (at least)         145.00%        
Total available remaining borrowing capacity from FHLB         $ 728,500,000        
Putable advances with the FHLB         334,055,000 $ 389,430,000      
Debt face amount       $ 70,000,000          
Repayment of borrowings         $ 96,204,000 621,548,000 $ 643,169,000    
Private debt issuance, number of institutional investors | investor       4          
Senior Notes                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Fixed interest rate term       10 years          
5.00% Senior Notes Due 2028                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Redemption price (percent)         100.00%        
Putable Advances                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Putable advances with the FHLB         $ 125,000,000        
Minimum                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Interest rate, minimum (as a percent)         0.35%        
Maximum                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Interest rate, minimum (as a percent)         2.62%        
Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Maximum amount of outstanding agreements         $ 199,100,000 197,900,000      
Total of average agreements         173,800,000 180,700,000      
Debt outstanding         181,577,000        
Subordinated Debentures and Term Loans                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Debt outstanding         $ 118,618,000 $ 118,400,000      
Subordinated Debenture | 6.75% Subordinated Notes Due 2028                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Debt face amount       $ 65,000,000          
Interest rate on notes (as a percent)       6.75%          
Redemption price (percent)         100.00%        
Subordinated Debenture | Three-Month LIBOR | 6.75% Subordinated Notes Due 2028                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)         4.095%        
Subordinated Debenture | First Merchant Capital Trust II                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Debt outstanding         $ 41,700,000        
Debt face amount $ 10,000,000               $ 56,700,000
Cancellation of debt, amount     $ 5,000,000            
Gain from cancellation of debt     $ 1,300,000            
Interest rate on notes (as a percent) 3.45%             6.495%  
Interest rate during the period         1.76% 1.78%      
Subordinated Debenture | First Merchant Capital Trust II | Three-Month LIBOR                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)         1.56%        
Subordinated Debenture | Ameriana Capital Trust I                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Debt face amount   $ 10,300,000              
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)   1.50%              
Interest rate during the period         1.70% 1.72%      
Capital Securities | First Merchant Capital Trust II                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Repayment of borrowings $ 10,000,000                
Senior Notes | 5.00% Senior Notes Due 2028                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Debt face amount       $ 5,000,000          
Interest rate on notes (as a percent)       5.00%          
Senior Notes | Three-Month LIBOR | 5.00% Senior Notes Due 2028                  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                  
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)         2.345%