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Loans
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Receivables [Abstract]  
LOANS LOANS
 
The following table presents the composition of loans segregated by legacy and purchased loans and by class of loans, as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. Purchased loans are defined as loans that were acquired in bank acquisitions.
 
 
 December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)Legacy LoansPurchased LoansTotal
Construction, land & land development$119,953 $45,493 $165,446 
Other commercial real estate595,739 191,653 787,392 
Total commercial real estate715,692 237,146 952,838 
Residential real estate159,469 53,058 212,527 
Commercial, financial, & agricultural(*)
113,040 41,008 154,048 
Consumer & other16,003 2,561 18,564 
Total loans$1,004,204 $333,773 $1,337,977 
 
 December 31, 2020
(dollars in thousands)Legacy LoansPurchased LoansTotal
Construction, land & land development$109,577 $11,516 $121,093 
Other commercial real estate477,445 42,946 520,391 
Total commercial real estate587,022 54,462 641,484 
Residential real estate167,714 15,307 183,021 
Commercial, financial, & agricultural(*)200,800 12,580 213,380 
Consumer & other19,037 2,581 21,618 
Total loans$974,573 $84,930 $1,059,503 
(*) Includes $9.0 million and $101.1 million in PPP loans as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Commercial and agricultural loans are extended to a diverse group of businesses within the Company’s market area. These loans are often underwritten based on the borrower’s ability to service the debt from income from the business. Real estate construction loans often require loan funds to be advanced prior to completion of the project. Due to uncertainties inherent in estimating construction costs, changes in interest rates and other economic conditions, these loans often pose a higher risk than other types of loans. Consumer loans are originated at the bank level. These loans are generally smaller loan amounts spread across many individual borrowers to help minimize risk.
 
Credit Quality Indicators. As part of the ongoing monitoring of the credit quality of the loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to (1) the risk grade assigned to commercial and consumer loans, (2) the level of classified commercial loans, (3) net charge-offs, (4) nonperforming loans, and (5) the general economic conditions in the Company’s geographic markets.
 
The Company uses a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 10. A description of the general characteristics of the grades is as follows:

Grades 1, 2 and 3 - Borrowers with these assigned risk grades range from virtual absence of risk to minimal risk. Such loans may be secured by Company-issued and controlled certificates of deposit or properly margined equity securities or bonds. Other loans comprising these grades are made to companies that have been in existence for a long period of time with many years of consecutive profits and strong equity, good liquidity, excellent debt service ability and unblemished past performance, or to exceptionally strong individuals with collateral of unquestioned value that fully secures the loans. Loans in this category fall into the “pass” classification.

Grades 4 and 5 - Loans assigned these “pass” risk grades are made to borrowers with acceptable credit quality and risk. The risk ranges from loans with no significant weaknesses in repayment capacity and collateral protection to
acceptable loans with one or more risk factors considered to be more than average. These loans are also included in into the “pass” classification.

Grade 6 - This grade includes “special mention” loans on management’s watch list and is intended to be used on a temporary basis for pass grade loans where risk-modifying action is intended in the short-term.
Grades 7 and 8 - These grades includes “substandard” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. This category includes borrowers with well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the payment of the debt in accordance with the agreed terms. Loans considered to be impaired are assigned grade 8, and these loans often have assigned loss allocations as part of the allowance for loan and lease losses. Generally, loans on which interest accrual has been stopped would be included in this grade.

Grades 9 and 10 - These grades correspond to regulatory classification definitions of “doubtful” and “loss,” respectively. In practice, any loan with these grades would be for a very short period of time, and generally the Company has no loans with these assigned grades. Management manages the Company’s problem loans in such a way that uncollectible loans or uncollectible portions of loans are charged off immediately with any residual, collectible amounts assigned a risk grade of 7 or 8.

The following tables present the loan portfolio, excluding purchased loans, by credit quality indicator (risk grade) as of December 31, 2021. Those loans with a risk grade of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 have been combined in the pass column for presentation purposes. For the periods ending December 31, 2021, the Company did not have any loans classified as “doubtful” or a “loss”.
 
(dollars in thousands)PassSpecial
Mention
SubstandardTotal Loans
Construction, land & land development$116,524 $3,154 $275 $119,953 
Other commercial real estate527,227 60,719 7,793 595,739 
Total commercial real estate643,751 63,873 8,068 715,692 
Residential real estate148,507 5,733 5,229 159,469 
Commercial, financial, & agricultural100,282 11,460 1,298 113,040 
Consumer & other15,787 78 138 16,003 
Total loans$908,327 $81,144 $14,733 $1,004,204 
 
The following table presents the purchased loan portfolio by credit quality indicator (risk grade) as of December 31, 2021.
 
(dollars in thousands)PassSpecial
Mention
SubstandardTotal Loans
Construction, land & land development$45,432 $— $61 $45,493 
Other commercial real estate186,905 3,518 1,230 191,653 
Total commercial real estate232,337 3,518 1,291 237,146 
Residential real estate49,875 563 2,620 53,058 
Commercial, financial, & agricultural40,711 — 297 41,008 
Consumer & other2,558 — 2,561 
Total loans$325,481 $4,084 $4,208 $333,773 
 
The following tables present the loan portfolio, excluding purchased loans, by credit quality indicator (risk grade) as of December 31, 2020. Those loans with a risk grade of 1, 2, 3 or 4 have been combined in the pass column for presentation purposes. For the periods ending December 31, 2020, the Company did not have any loans classified as “doubtful” or a “loss”.
 
(dollars in thousands)PassSpecial
Mention
SubstandardTotal Loans
Construction, land & land development$99,430 $2,940 $7,207 $109,577 
Other commercial real estate430,515 33,579 13,351 477,445 
Total commercial real estate529,945 36,519 20,558 587,022 
Residential real estate157,927 3,855 5,932 167,714 
Commercial, financial, & agricultural196,749 2,870 1,181 200,800 
Consumer & other18,734 124 179 19,037 
Total loans$903,355 $43,368 $27,850 $974,573 

The following table presents the purchased loan portfolio by credit quality indicator (risk grade) as of December 31, 2020.
 
(dollars in thousands)PassSpecialSubstandardTotal Loans
Construction, land & land development$11,275 $241 $— $11,516 
Other commercial real estate40,825 53 2,068 42,946 
Total commercial real estate52,100 294 2,068 54,462 
Residential real estate14,909 312 86 15,307 
Commercial, financial, & agricultural10,198 1,803 579 12,580 
Consumer & other2,364 25 192 2,581 
Total loans$79,571 $2,434 $2,925 $84,930 
 
A loan’s risk grade is assigned at the inception of the loan and is based on the financial strength of the borrower and the type of collateral. Loan risk grades are subject to reassessment at various times throughout the year as part of the Company’s ongoing loan review process. Loans with an assigned risk grade of 6 or below and an outstanding balance of $250,000 or more are reassessed on a quarterly basis. During this reassessment process individual reserves may be identified and placed against certain loans which are not considered impaired. In assessing the overall economic condition of the markets in which it operates, the Company monitors the unemployment rates for its major service areas. The unemployment rates are reviewed on a quarterly basis as part of the allowance for loan loss determination.
 
Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Generally, loans are placed on nonaccrual status if principal or interest payments become 90 days past due or when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when required by regulatory provision. Loans may be placed on nonaccrual status regardless of whether such loans are considered past due.
 
The following table represents an age analysis of past due loans and nonaccrual loans, segregated by class of loans, excluding purchased loans, as of December 31, 2021:
 
 Accruing Loans   
(dollars in thousands)30-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days
or More
Past Due
Total Accruing
Loans Past Due
Nonaccrual
Loans
Current LoansTotal Loans
Construction, land & land development$$— $$— $119,947 $119,953 
Other commercial real estate349 — 349 577 594,813 595,739 
Total commercial real estate355 — 355 577 714,760 715,692 
Residential real estate421 — 421 2,641 156,407 159,469 
Commercial, financial, & agricultural69 — 69 708 112,263 113,040 
Consumer & other93 — 93 26 15,884 16,003 
Total loans$938 $— $938 $3,952 $999,314 $1,004,204 
The following table represents an age analysis of past due loans and nonaccrual loans, segregated by class of loans, for purchased loans, as of December 31, 2021:
 
 Accruing Loans   
(dollars in thousands)30-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days
or More
Past Due
Total Accruing
Loans Past Due
Nonaccrual
Loans
Current LoansTotal Loans
Construction, land & land development$2,680 $— $2,680 $31 $42,782 $45,493 
Other commercial real estate— — — 260 191,393 191,653 
Total commercial real estate2,680 — 2,680 291 234,175 237,146 
Residential real estate560 — 560 1,198 51,300 53,058 
Commercial, financial, & agricultural389 — 389 — 40,619 41,008 
Consumer & other— — — 2,553 2,561 
Total loans$3,629 $— $3,629 $1,497 $328,647 $333,773 
 
The following table represents an age analysis of past due loans and nonaccrual loans, segregated by class of loans, excluding purchased loans, as of December 31, 2020:
 
 Accruing Loans   
(dollars in thousands)30-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days
or More
Past Due
Total Accruing
Loans Past Due
Nonaccrual
Loans
Current LoansTotal Loans
Construction, land & land development$1,314 $— $1,314 $80 $108,183 $109,577 
Other commercial real estate229 — 229 2,545 474,671 477,445 
Total commercial real estate1,543 — 1,543 2,625 582,854 587,022 
Residential real estate667 — 667 2,873 164,174 167,714 
Commercial, financial, & agricultural150 — 150 1,010 199,640 200,800 
Consumer & other48 — 48 102 18,887 19,037 
Total loans$2,408 $— $2,408 $6,610 $965,555 $974,573 
 
The following table represents an age analysis of past due loans and nonaccrual loans, segregated by class of loans, for purchased loans, as of December 31, 2020:
 
 Accruing Loans   
(dollars in thousands)30-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days
or More
Past Due
Total Accruing
Loans Past Due
Nonaccrual
Loans
Current LoansTotal Loans
Construction, land & land development$— $— $— $117 $11,399 $11,516 
Other commercial real estate544 — 544 2,068 40,334 42,946 
Total commercial real estate544 — 544 2,185 51,733 54,462 
Residential real estate15 — 15 85 15,207 15,307 
Commercial, financial, & agricultural125 — 125 55 12,400 12,580 
Consumer & other— — — 193 2,388 2,581 
Total loans$684 $— $684 $2,518 $81,728 $84,930 
The following table details impaired loan data, including purchased credit impaired loans, as of December 31, 2021:
 
(dollars in thousands)Unpaid
Contractual
Principal
Balance
Recorded
investment
Related
allowance
Average
Recorded
Investment
With No Related Allowance Recorded    
Construction, land & land development$62 $62 $ $4,311 
Other commercial real estate7,203 6,369  8,113 
Residential real estate958 997  1,083 
Commercial, financial & agricultural75 75  56 
Consumer & other   — 
Total Impaired Loans with no Allowance8,298 7,503  13,563 
With An Allowance Recorded
Construction, land & land development   — 
Other commercial real estate430 483 148 4,429 
Residential real estate685 773 108 1,029 
Commercial, financial & agricultural— — — 79 
Consumer & other   1 
Total Impaired Loans with Allowance1,115 1,256 256 5,538 
Purchased Credit Impaired Loans
Construction, land & land development— —  51 
Other commercial real estate2,003 1,916 18 802 
Residential real estate— 
Commercial, financial & agricultural— —  35 
Consumer & other192 73 96 72 
Total Purchased Credit Impaired Loans2,199 1,989 120 967 
Total
Construction, land & land development62 62  4,362 
Other commercial real estate9,636 8,768 166 13,344 
Residential real estate1,647 1,770 114 2,119 
Commercial, financial & agricultural75 75 — 170 
Consumer & other192 73 96 73 
 $11,612 $10,748 $376 $20,068 
Interest income recorded on impaired loans during the year ended December 31, 2021 was $570,000, and reflects interest income recorded on nonaccrual loans prior to them being placed on nonaccrual status and interest income recorded on TDRs. Had nonaccrual loans performed in accordance with their original contractual terms, the Company would have recognized additional interest income of approximately $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The following table details impaired loan data as of December 31, 2020, including purchased credit impaired loans.
 
(dollars in thousands)Unpaid
Contractual
Principal
Balance
Recorded
Investment
Related
Allowance
Average
Recorded
Investment
With No Related    
Allowance Recorded    
Construction, land & land development$6,969 $6,982 $— $2,841 
Other commercial real estate11,978 11,105 — 12,190 
Residential real estate1,140 1,122 — 2,142 
Commercial, financial & agricultural42 40 — 203 
Consumer & other— — — — 
 20,129 19,249 — 17,376 
With An Allowance Recorded
Construction, land & land development— — — — 
Other commercial real estate6,292 6,325 1,436 5,945 
Residential real estate1,274 1,230 226 703 
Commercial, financial & agricultural310 310 263 1,118 
Consumer & other— — — — 
 7,876 7,865 1,925 7,766 
Purchase credit impaired
Construction, land & land development118 94 — 96 
Other commercial real estate— — — 63 
Residential real estate14 11 13 
Commercial, financial & agricultural55 46 — 49 
Consumer & other192 96 81 113 
379 247 85 334 
Total
Construction, land & land development7,087 7,076 — 2,937 
Other commercial real estate18,270 17,430 1,436 18,198 
Residential real estate2,428 2,363 230 2,858 
Commercial, financial & agricultural407 396 263 1,370 
Consumer & other192 96 81 113 
 $28,384 $27,361 $2,010 $25,476 
Interest income recorded on impaired loans during the year ended December 31, 2020 was $761,000, and reflects interest income recorded on nonaccrual loans prior to them being placed on nonaccrual status and interest income recorded on TDRs. Had nonaccrual loans performed in accordance with their original contractual terms, the Company would have recognized additional interest income of approximately $518,000 for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs) are troubled loans on which the original terms of the loan have been modified in favor of the borrower due to deterioration in the borrower’s financial condition. Each potential loan modification is reviewed individually and the terms of the loan are modified to meet the borrower’s specific circumstances at a point in time. Not all loan modifications are TDRs. Loan modifications are reviewed and approved by the Company’s senior lending staff, who then determine whether the loan meets the criteria for a TDR. Generally, the types of concessions granted to borrowers that are evaluated in determining whether a loan is classified as a TDR include:
 
Interest rate reductions - Occur when the stated interest rate is reduced to a nonmarket rate or a rate the borrower would not be able to obtain elsewhere under similar circumstances.

Amortization or maturity date changes - Result when the amortization period of the loan is extended beyond what is considered a normal amortization period for loans of similar type with similar collateral.

Principal reductions - These are often the result of commercial real estate loan workouts where two new notes are created. The primary note is underwritten based upon the Company’s normal underwriting standards and is structured so that the projected cash flows are sufficient to repay the contractual principal and interest of the newly restructured note. The terms of the secondary note vary by situation and often involve that note being charged off, or the principal and interest payments being deferred until after the primary note has been repaid. In situations where a portion of the note is charged off during modification, there is often no specific reserve allocated to those loans. This is due to the fact that the amount of the charge-off usually represents the excess of the original loan balance over the collateral value and the Company has determined there is no additional exposure on those loans.

As discussed in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, once a loan is identified as a TDR, it is accounted for as an impaired loan. The Company had no unfunded commitments to lend to a customer that has a troubled debt restructured loan as of December 31, 2021. The Company had four loan contracts totaling $647,000 restructured and one of these loans which was a construction, land and development loan for $511,000 was subsequently paid off during 2021.
 
Loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring are considered to be in default once the loan becomes 90 days past due. A TDR may cease being classified as impaired if the loan is subsequently modified at market terms and, has performed according to the modified terms for at least six months, and there has not been any prior principal forgiveness on a cumulative basis.
 
There were two loan contracts restructured at December 31, 2021. Both modifications were payment deferral modifications. The loans consisted of two residential real estate loans totaling $136,000. Both residential real estate loans were also placed on non-accrual status as of December 31, 2021. A TDR may cease being classified as impaired if the loan is subsequently modified at market terms and, has performed according to the modified terms for at least six months, and there has not been any prior principal forgiveness on a cumulative basis. The Company had four loan contracts totaling $494,000 restructured during the year ended December 31, 2020, all four modifications were payment deferral modifications. The loans consisted of two commercial real estate loans totaling $132,000, one commercial loan totaling $89,000 and one residential real estate loan totaling $273,000. The two commercial real estate loans were also placed on non-accrual status as of December 31, 2020; the remaining TDR loans were accruing. During 2021 and 2020, the Company had no loans that subsequently defaulted.

Modifications in Response to COVID-19

Certain borrowers were unable to meet their contractual payment obligations because of the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. To help mitigate these effects, loan customers applied for a deferral of payments, or portions thereof, for up to three months. In the absence of other intervening factors, such short-term modifications made on a good faith basis are not categorized as troubled debt restructurings, nor are loans granted payment deferrals related to the COVID-19 pandemic reported as past due or placed on nonaccrual status (provided the loans were not past due or on nonaccrual status prior to the deferral).

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had no loans under modified terms. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $1.9 million in loans still under their modified terms. The Company’s modification program included payment deferrals, interest only, and other forms of modifications. See Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more information.