XML 103 R11.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Receivables [Abstract]  
LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
The following table summarizes the composition of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
2012
 
2011
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
Commercial, financial and agricultural
$
610,301

 
725,195

Real estate construction and development
174,979

 
249,987

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
One-to-four-family residential
986,767

 
902,438

Multi-family residential
103,684

 
127,356

Commercial real estate
969,680

 
1,225,538

Consumer and installment
19,262

 
23,596

Loans held for sale
66,133

 
31,111

Net deferred loan fees
(59
)
 
(942
)
Loans, net of net deferred loan fees
$
2,930,747

 
3,284,279


The Company's loan portfolio is primarily comprised of residential and commercial real estate loans, and commercial, financial and agricultural loans. The Company primarily lends to borrowers within its primary market areas of California, Florida, southern Illinois and eastern Missouri. The Company maintains a diversified portfolio with limited industry concentrations of credit risk. Real estate lending constitutes the only significant concentration of credit risk. Real estate loans comprised approximately 79% and 77% of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, of which 46% and 37%, respectively, were made to consumers in the form of residential real estate mortgages and home equity lines of credit. First Bank also offers residential real estate mortgage loans with terms that require interest only payments. At December 31, 2012, the balance of such loans, all of which were held for portfolio, was approximately $25.3 million, of which approximately 5.1% were delinquent. At December 31, 2011, the balance of such loans, all of which were held for portfolio, was approximately $40.2 million, of which approximately 14.5% were delinquent. In general, the Company is a secured lender. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, 99.0% of the loan portfolio was collateralized. Collateral is required in accordance with the normal credit evaluation process based upon the creditworthiness of the customer and the credit risk associated with the particular transaction. First Bank also originates certain one-to-four-family residential mortgage loans for sale in the secondary market. First Bank has a repurchase obligation on these loans in the event of fraud or, on certain loans, early payment default. The early payment default provisions generally range from four months to one year after sale of the loan in the secondary market. First Bank has not sold any one-to-four-family residential mortgage loans into the secondary market with early payment default provisions since 2007.
Loans to directors, their affiliates and executive officers of the Company were approximately $9.1 million and $23.4 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, as further described in Note 20 to the consolidated financial statements.
Loans with a carrying value of approximately $1.17 billion and $1.40 billion at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, were pledged as collateral under borrowing arrangements with the FRB and the FHLB. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, First Bank had no outstanding advances under these borrowing arrangements.
Aging of Loans. The following table presents the aging of loans by loan classification at December 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
30-59
Days
 
60-89
Days
 
Recorded
Investment
> 90 Days
Accruing
 
Nonaccrual
 
Total Past
Due
 
Current
 
Total Loans
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
$
1,180

 
322

 

 
19,050

 
20,552

 
589,749

 
610,301

Real estate construction and development
93

 

 

 
32,152

 
32,245

 
142,734

 
174,979

One-to-four-family residential:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank portfolio
1,871

 
1,121

 
874

 
6,910

 
10,776

 
111,562

 
122,338

Mortgage Division portfolio
6,264

 
4,375

 

 
19,780

 
30,419

 
479,552

 
509,971

Home equity
2,494

 
1,221

 
216

 
8,671

 
12,602

 
341,856

 
354,458

Multi-family residential

 
629

 

 
6,761

 
7,390

 
96,294

 
103,684

Commercial real estate
66

 
693

 

 
16,520

 
17,279

 
952,401

 
969,680

Consumer and installment
174

 
43

 

 
28

 
245

 
18,958

 
19,203

Loans held for sale

 

 

 

 

 
66,133

 
66,133

Total
$
12,142

 
8,404

 
1,090

 
109,872

 
131,508

 
2,799,239

 
2,930,747

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
$
1,602

 
2,085

 
1,095

 
55,340

 
60,122

 
665,073

 
725,195

Real estate construction and development
170

 
3,033

 

 
71,244

 
74,447

 
175,540

 
249,987

One-to-four-family residential:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank portfolio
4,506

 
2,577

 
362

 
14,690

 
22,135

 
143,443

 
165,578

Mortgage Division portfolio
5,994

 
1,571

 

 
16,778

 
24,343

 
342,572

 
366,915

Home equity
3,990

 
2,151

 
856

 
6,940

 
13,937

 
356,008

 
369,945

Multi-family residential

 
118

 

 
7,975

 
8,093

 
119,263

 
127,356

Commercial real estate
3,888

 
7,092

 
427

 
47,262

 
58,669

 
1,166,869

 
1,225,538

Consumer and installment
396

 
192

 
4

 
22

 
614

 
22,040

 
22,654

Loans held for sale

 

 

 

 

 
31,111

 
31,111

Total
$
20,546

 
18,819

 
2,744

 
220,251

 
262,360

 
3,021,919

 
3,284,279


Under the Company’s loan policy, loans are placed on nonaccrual status once principal or interest payments become 90 days past due. However, individual loan officers may submit written requests for approval to continue the accrual of interest on loans that become 90 days past due. These requests may be submitted for approval consistent with the authority levels provided in the Company’s credit approval policies, and they are only granted if an expected near term future event, such as a pending renewal or expected payoff, exists at the time the loan becomes 90 days past due. If the expected near term future event does not occur as anticipated, the loan is then placed on nonaccrual status.
Credit Quality Indicators. The Company’s credit management policies and procedures focus on identifying, measuring and controlling credit exposure. These procedures employ a lender-initiated system of rating credits, which is ratified in the loan approval process and subsequently tested in internal credit reviews, external audits and regulatory bank examinations. The system requires the rating of all loans at the time they are originated or acquired, except for homogeneous categories of loans, such as residential real estate mortgage loans and consumer loans. These homogeneous loans are assigned an initial rating based on the Company’s experience with each type of loan. The Company adjusts the ratings of the homogeneous loans based on payment experience subsequent to their origination.
The Company includes adversely rated credits, including loans requiring close monitoring that would not normally be considered classified credits by the Company’s regulators, on its monthly loan watch list. Loans may be added to the Company’s watch list for reasons that are temporary and correctable, such as the absence of current financial statements of the borrower or a deficiency in loan documentation. Loans may also be added to the Company’s watch list whenever any adverse circumstance is detected which might affect the borrower’s ability to comply with the contractual terms of the loan. The delinquency of a scheduled loan payment, deterioration in the borrower’s financial condition identified in a review of periodic financial statements, a decrease in the value of the collateral securing the loan, or a change in the economic environment within which the borrower operates could initiate the addition of a loan to the Company’s watch list. Loans on the Company’s watch list require periodic detailed loan status reports prepared by the responsible officer which are discussed in formal meetings with credit review and credit administration staff members. Upgrades and downgrades of loan risk ratings may be initiated by the responsible loan officer. However, upgrades of risk ratings associated with significant credit relationships and/or problem credit relationships may only be made with the concurrence of appropriate regional credit officers.
Under the Company’s risk rating system, special mention loans are those loans that do not currently expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant classification as substandard, troubled debt restructuring (TDR) or nonaccrual, but possess weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. Substandard loans include those loans characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. A loan is classified as a TDR when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties that lead to the restructuring of a loan, and the Company grants concessions to the borrower in the restructuring that it would not otherwise consider. Loans classified as TDRs which are accruing interest are classified as performing TDRs. Loans classified as TDRs which are not accruing interest are classified as nonperforming TDRs and are included with all other nonaccrual loans for presentation purposes. Loans classified as nonaccrual have all the weaknesses inherent in those loans classified as substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of the currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be pass-rated loans.
The following tables present the credit exposure of the loan portfolio by internally assigned credit grade and payment activity as of December 31, 2012 and 2011:
Commercial Loan Portfolio
Credit Exposure by Internally Assigned Credit Grade
Commercial
and
Industrial
 
Real Estate
Construction
and
Development
 
Multi-family
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Total
 
 
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
 
 
December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass
$
572,248

 
45,356

 
67,690

 
858,101

 
1,543,395

Special mention
10,580

 
6,076

 
220

 
70,450

 
87,326

Substandard
8,423

 
81,364

 
773

 
13,868

 
104,428

Performing troubled debt restructuring

 
10,031

 
28,240

 
10,741

 
49,012

Nonaccrual
19,050

 
32,152

 
6,761

 
16,520

 
74,483

Total
$
610,301

 
174,979

 
103,684

 
969,680

 
1,858,644

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass
$
606,998

 
57,594

 
68,748

 
973,553

 
1,706,893

Special mention
25,742

 
11,977

 
18,678

 
119,478

 
175,875

Substandard
32,851

 
97,158

 
28,789

 
60,876

 
219,674

Performing troubled debt restructuring
4,264

 
12,014

 
3,166

 
24,369

 
43,813

Nonaccrual
55,340

 
71,244

 
7,975

 
47,262

 
181,821

Total
$
725,195

 
249,987

 
127,356

 
1,225,538

 
2,328,076


One-to-Four-Family Residential Mortgage Bank and Home Equity Loan Portfolio
Credit Exposure by Internally Assigned Credit Grade
Bank
Portfolio
 
Home
Equity
 
Total
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
Pass
$
107,625

 
342,321

 
449,946

Special mention
4,405

 
216

 
4,621

Substandard
1,787

 
3,250

 
5,037

Performing troubled debt restructuring
1,611

 

 
1,611

Nonaccrual
6,910

 
8,671

 
15,581

Total
$
122,338

 
354,458

 
476,796

 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
Pass
$
131,973

 
358,801

 
490,774

Special mention
12,797

 
954

 
13,751

Substandard
6,118

 
3,250

 
9,368

Nonaccrual
14,690

 
6,940

 
21,630

Total
$
165,578

 
369,945

 
535,523


One-to-Four-Family Residential Mortgage Division
and Consumer and Installment Loan Portfolio
Credit Exposure by Payment Activity
Mortgage
Division
Portfolio
 
Consumer
and
Installment
 
Total
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
Pass
$
405,270

 
19,175

 
424,445

Substandard
6,627

 

 
6,627

Performing troubled debt restructuring
78,294

 

 
78,294

Nonaccrual
19,780

 
28

 
19,808

Total
$
509,971

 
19,203

 
529,174

 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
Pass
$
263,079

 
22,632

 
285,711

Substandard
4,429

 

 
4,429

Performing troubled debt restructuring
82,629

 

 
82,629

Nonaccrual
16,778

 
22

 
16,800

Total
$
366,915

 
22,654

 
389,569


Impaired Loans. Loans deemed to be impaired include performing TDRs and nonaccrual loans. Impaired loans with outstanding balances equal to or greater than $500,000 are evaluated individually for impairment. For these loans, the Company measures the level of impairment based on the present value of the estimated projected cash flows or the estimated value of the collateral. If the current valuation is lower than the current book balance of the loan, the amount of the difference is evaluated for possible charge-off. In instances where management determines that a charge-off is not appropriate, a specific reserve is established for the individual loan in question. This specific reserve is included as a part of the overall allowance for loan losses.
The following tables present the recorded investment, unpaid principal balance, related allowance for loan losses, average recorded investment and interest income recognized while on impaired status for impaired loans without a related allowance for loan losses and for impaired loans with a related allowance for loan losses by loan classification at December 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance for
Loan Losses
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
$
6,451

 
24,287

 

 
12,369

 
215

Real estate construction and development
39,706

 
74,044

 

 
59,094

 
561

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank portfolio
1,611

 
1,690

 

 
2,166

 
32

Mortgage Division portfolio
10,255

 
22,102

 

 
10,308

 

Home equity portfolio
1,382

 
1,507

 

 
1,232

 

Multi-family residential
33,709

 
37,206

 

 
13,682

 
280

Commercial real estate
18,808

 
24,279

 

 
35,959

 
1,160

Consumer and installment

 

 

 

 

 
111,922

 
185,115

 

 
134,810

 
2,248

With A Related Allowance Recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
12,599

 
19,255

 
676

 
24,157

 

Real estate construction and development
2,477

 
10,221

 
1,452

 
3,687

 
114

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank portfolio
6,910

 
8,655

 
284

 
9,288

 

Mortgage Division portfolio
87,819

 
96,931

 
11,574

 
88,277

 
2,050

Home equity portfolio
7,289

 
8,188

 
1,784

 
6,500

 

Multi-family residential
1,292

 
1,403

 
1,138

 
524

 

Commercial real estate
8,453

 
12,909

 
1,043

 
16,161

 
11

Consumer and installment
28

 
28

 
1

 
51

 

 
126,867

 
157,590

 
17,952

 
148,645

 
2,175

Total:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
19,050

 
43,542

 
676

 
36,526

 
215

Real estate construction and development
42,183

 
84,265

 
1,452

 
62,781

 
675

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank portfolio
8,521

 
10,345

 
284

 
11,454

 
32

Mortgage Division portfolio
98,074

 
119,033

 
11,574

 
98,585

 
2,050

Home equity portfolio
8,671

 
9,695

 
1,784

 
7,732

 

Multi-family residential
35,001

 
38,609

 
1,138

 
14,206

 
280

Commercial real estate
27,261

 
37,188

 
1,043

 
52,120

 
1,171

Consumer and installment
28

 
28

 
1

 
51

 

 
$
238,789

 
342,705

 
17,952

 
283,455

 
4,423

 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance for
Loan Losses
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
$
20,494

 
53,140

 

 
25,294

 
336

Real estate construction and development
62,524

 
113,412

 

 
80,230

 
72

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank portfolio
3,274

 
5,030

 

 
3,291

 

Mortgage Division portfolio
10,250

 
22,541

 

 
11,352

 

Home equity portfolio
196

 
198

 

 
210

 

Multi-family residential
7,961

 
8,378

 

 
8,358

 
92

Commercial real estate
45,452

 
61,766

 

 
59,613

 
435

Consumer and installment
1

 
1

 

 
2

 

 
150,152

 
264,466

 

 
188,350

 
935

With A Related Allowance Recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
39,110

 
64,867

 
5,475

 
48,270

 

Real estate construction and development
20,734

 
39,832

 
3,432

 
26,605

 
183

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank portfolio
11,416

 
12,926

 
796

 
11,473

 

Mortgage Division portfolio
89,157

 
98,118

 
15,324

 
98,739

 
2,306

Home equity portfolio
6,744

 
7,657

 
1,388

 
7,212

 

Multi-family residential
3,180

 
5,281

 
335

 
3,339

 

Commercial real estate
26,179

 
34,073

 
3,875

 
34,335

 
168

Consumer and installment
21

 
21

 
4

 
60

 

 
196,541

 
262,775

 
30,629

 
230,033

 
2,657

Total:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
59,604

 
118,007

 
5,475

 
73,564

 
336

Real estate construction and development
83,258

 
153,244

 
3,432

 
106,835

 
255

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank portfolio
14,690

 
17,956

 
796

 
14,764

 

Mortgage Division portfolio
99,407

 
120,659

 
15,324

 
110,091

 
2,306

Home equity portfolio
6,940

 
7,855

 
1,388

 
7,422

 

Multi-family residential
11,141

 
13,659

 
335

 
11,697

 
92

Commercial real estate
71,631

 
95,839

 
3,875

 
93,948

 
603

Consumer and installment
22

 
22

 
4

 
62

 

 
$
346,693

 
527,241

 
30,629

 
418,383

 
3,592


Recorded investment represents the Company’s investment in its impaired loans reduced by cumulative charge-offs recorded against the allowance for loan losses on these same loans. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had recorded charge-offs of $103.9 million and $180.5 million, respectively, on its impaired loans, representing the difference between the unpaid principal balance and the recorded investment reflected in the tables above. The unpaid principal balance represents the principal amount contractually owed to the Company by the borrowers on the impaired loans.
The Company had $238.8 million and $346.7 million of impaired loans, consisting of loans on nonaccrual status and performing TDRs, at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Interest on impaired loans that would have been recorded under the original terms of the loans was $21.7 million, $34.2 million and $46.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Of these amounts, $6.0 million, $8.0 million and $14.2 million was recorded as interest income on such loans in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The average recorded investment in impaired loans was $283.5 million, $418.4 million and $619.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The amount of interest income recognized during the time these loans were impaired was $4.4 million, $3.6 million and $5.9 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Troubled Debt Restructurings. In the ordinary course of business, the Company modifies loan terms across loan types, including both consumer and commercial loans, for a variety of reasons. Modifications to consumer loans may include, but are not limited to, changes in interest rate, maturity, amortization and financial covenants. In the original underwriting, loan terms are established that represent the then current and projected financial condition of the borrower. Over any period of time, modifications to these loan terms may be required due to changes in the original underwriting assumptions. These changes may include the financial covenants of the borrower as well as underwriting standards.
Loan modifications are generally performed at the request of the borrower, whether commercial or consumer, and may include reduction in interest rates, changes in payments and maturity date extensions. Although the Company does not have formal, standardized loan modification programs for its commercial or consumer loan portfolios, it addresses loan modifications on a case-by-case basis and also participates in the U.S. Treasury’s Home Affordable Modification Program (HAMP). HAMP gives qualifying homeowners an opportunity to refinance into more affordable monthly payments, with the U.S. Treasury compensating the Company for a portion of the reduction in monthly amounts due from borrowers participating in this program. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had $75.7 million and $75.9 million, respectively, of modified loans in the HAMP program.
For a loan modification to be classified as a TDR, all of the following conditions must be present: (1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, (2) the Company makes a concession to the original contractual loan terms and (3) the Company would not consider the concessions but for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulty. Modifications of loan terms to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty are made in an attempt to protect as much of the investment in the loan as possible. These modifications are generally made to either prevent a loan from becoming nonaccrual or to return a nonaccrual loan to performing status based on the expectations that the borrower can adequately perform in accordance with the modified terms.
The determination of whether a modification should be classified as a TDR requires significant judgment after taking into consideration all facts and circumstances surrounding the transaction. No single characteristic or factor, taken alone, is determinative of whether a modification should be classified as a TDR. The fact that a single characteristic is present is not considered sufficient to overcome the preponderance of contrary evidence. Assuming all of the TDR criteria are met, the Company considers one or more of the following concessions to the loan terms to represent a TDR: (1) a reduction of the stated interest rate, (2) an extension of the maturity date or dates at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with similar terms or (3) forgiveness of principal or accrued interest.
Loans renegotiated at a rate equal to or greater than that of a new loan with comparable risk at the time the contract is modified are excluded from TDR classification in the calendar years subsequent to the renegotiation if the loan is in compliance with the modified terms for at least six months.
The Company does not accrue interest on any TDRs unless it believes collection of all principal and interest under the modified terms is reasonably assured. Generally, six months of consecutive payment performance by the borrower under the restructured terms is required before a TDR is returned to accrual status. However, the period could vary depending upon the individual facts and circumstances of the loan. TDRs accruing interest are classified as performing TDRs. The following table presents the categories of performing TDRs as of December 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
2012
 
2011
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
Performing Troubled Debt Restructurings:
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
$

 
4,264

Real estate construction and development
10,031

 
12,014

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
One-to-four-family residential
79,905

 
82,629

Multi-family residential
28,240

 
3,166

Commercial real estate
10,741

 
24,369

Total
$
128,917

 
126,442


The Company does not accrue interest on TDRs which have been modified for a period less than six months or are not in compliance with the modified terms. These loans are considered nonperforming TDRs and are included with other nonaccrual loans for classification purposes. The following table presents the categories of loans considered nonperforming TDRs as of December 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
2012
 
2011
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
Nonperforming Troubled Debt Restructurings:
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
$
1,004

 
1,344

Real estate construction and development
26,557

 
25,603

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
One-to-four-family residential
7,105

 
6,205

Multi-family residential
2,482

 

Commercial real estate
2,862

 
7,605

Total
$
40,010

 
40,757


Both performing and nonperforming TDRs are considered to be impaired loans. When an individual loan is determined to be a TDR, the amount of impairment is based upon the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the underlying collateral less applicable selling costs. The impairment amount is either charged off as a reduction to the allowance for loan losses or provided for as a specific reserve within the allowance for loan losses. The allowance for loan losses allocated to TDRs was $9.5 million and $12.8 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
The following tables present loans classified as TDRs that were modified during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
2012
 
2011
 
Number
of
Contracts
 
Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Number
of
Contracts
 
Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
Loan Modifications as Troubled Debt Restructurings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
2

 
$
1,108

 
$
873

 
3

 
$
1,945

 
$
1,945

Real estate construction and development
4

 
6,263

 
5,670

 
8

 
42,784

 
38,166

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
One-to-four-family residential
50

 
9,049

 
8,992

 
118

 
23,607

 
22,377

Multi-family residential
2

 
28,280

 
28,280

 
1

 
4,964

 
3,209

Commercial real estate
3

 
9,965

 
9,965

 
5

 
34,113

 
26,890


The following tables present TDRs that defaulted within 12 months of modification during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
2012
 
2011
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Recorded
Investment
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
Troubled Debt Restructurings That Subsequently Defaulted:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural

 
$

 

 
$

Real estate construction and development
3

 
1,364

 
1

 
460

Real estate mortgage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
One-to-four-family residential
57

 
12,437

 
45

 
9,523

Multi-family residential

 

 

 

Commercial real estate

 

 
1

 
1,144


Upon default of a TDR, which is considered to be 90 days or more past due under the modified terms, impairment is measured based on the fair value of the underlying collateral less applicable selling costs. The impairment amount is either charged off as a reduction to the allowance for loan losses or provided for as a specific reserve within the allowance for loan losses.
Allowance for Loan Losses. Changes in the allowance for loan losses for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
Balance, beginning of year
$
137,710

 
201,033

 
266,448

Allowance for loan losses allocated to loans sold

 

 
(321
)
 
137,710

 
201,033

 
266,127

Loans charged-off
(78,070
)
 
(154,627
)
 
(331,196
)
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off
29,962

 
22,304

 
52,102

Net loans charged-off
(48,108
)
 
(132,323
)
 
(279,094
)
Provision for loan losses
2,000

 
69,000

 
214,000

Balance, end of year
$
91,602

 
137,710

 
201,033


The following table represents a summary of changes in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
 
Real Estate
Construction
and
Development
 
One-to-
Four-Family
Residential
 
Multi-
Family
Residential
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Consumer
and
Installment
 
Total
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
27,243

 
24,868

 
50,864

 
4,851

 
29,448

 
436

 
137,710

Charge-offs
(17,410
)
 
(12,244
)
 
(21,814
)
 
(2,435
)
 
(23,856
)
 
(311
)
 
(78,070
)
Recoveries
12,886

 
5,659

 
5,188

 
44

 
5,982

 
203

 
29,962

Provision (benefit) for loan losses
(9,147
)
 
(3,849
)
 
4,659

 
1,792

 
8,474

 
71

 
2,000

Ending balance
$
13,572

 
14,434

 
38,897

 
4,252

 
20,048

 
399

 
91,602

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
28,000

 
58,439

 
60,762

 
5,158

 
47,880

 
794

 
201,033

Charge-offs
(46,256
)
 
(35,459
)
 
(31,355
)
 
(3,126
)
 
(37,974
)
 
(457
)
 
(154,627
)
Recoveries
6,962

 
6,694

 
3,985

 
562

 
3,787

 
314

 
22,304

Provision (benefit) for loan losses
38,537

 
(4,806
)
 
17,472

 
2,257

 
15,755

 
(215
)
 
69,000

Ending balance
$
27,243

 
24,868

 
50,864

 
4,851

 
29,448

 
436

 
137,710


The following table represents a summary of the impairment method used by loan category at December 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
 
Real Estate
Construction
and
Development
 
One-to-
Four-Family
Residential
 
Multi-
Family
Residential
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Consumer
and
Installment
 
Total
 
(dollars expressed in thousands)
Ending Balance at December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment
$
75

 
121

 
3,187

 
33

 
182

 

 
3,598

Impaired loans collectively evaluated for impairment
601

 
1,331

 
10,455

 
1,105

 
861

 
1

 
14,354

All other loans collectively evaluated for impairment
12,896

 
12,982

 
25,255

 
3,114

 
19,005

 
398

 
73,650

Total
$
13,572

 
14,434

 
38,897

 
4,252

 
20,048

 
399

 
91,602

Financing receivables:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment
$
7,884

 
39,155

 
16,843

 
34,636

 
20,965

 

 
119,483

Impaired loans collectively evaluated for impairment
11,166

 
3,028

 
98,423

 
365

 
6,296

 
28

 
119,306

All other loans collectively evaluated for impairment
591,251

 
132,796

 
871,501

 
68,683

 
942,419

 
19,175

 
2,625,825

Total
$
610,301

 
174,979

 
986,767

 
103,684

 
969,680

 
19,203

 
2,864,614

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ending Balance at December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment
$
4,276

 
1,752

 
3,170

 
110

 
2,430

 

 
11,738

Impaired loans collectively evaluated for impairment
1,199

 
1,680

 
14,338

 
225

 
1,445

 
4

 
18,891

All other loans collectively evaluated for impairment
21,768

 
21,436

 
33,356

 
4,516

 
25,573

 
432

 
107,081

Total
$
27,243

 
24,868

 
50,864

 
4,851

 
29,448

 
436

 
137,710

Financing receivables:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment
$
40,527

 
76,475

 
16,836

 
11,141

 
64,190

 

 
209,169

Impaired loans collectively evaluated for impairment
19,077

 
6,783

 
104,201

 

 
7,441

 
22

 
137,524

All other loans collectively evaluated for impairment
665,591

 
166,729

 
781,401

 
116,215

 
1,153,907

 
22,632

 
2,906,475

Total
$
725,195

 
249,987

 
902,438

 
127,356

 
1,225,538

 
22,654

 
3,253,168