Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, codified as ASC Topic 606 (“ASC 606”). The FASB issued amendments to ASC 606 during 2016. ASC 606 requires additional disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and related cash flows arising from contracts with customers. ASC 606 is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017.

Two adoption methods are permitted under ASU 2014-09. The new standard may be adopted through either retrospective application to all periods presented in the consolidated financial statements (full retrospective) or through a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings at the effective date (modified retrospective). The Company adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method. We reviewed significant open contracts with customers for each revenue stream.

A portion of our revenue is derived from Software as a Service (SaaS), hardware and software sales, contracts and programs. ASC 606 requires us to distinguish and measure performance obligations under customer contracts. Transaction prices are allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. Performance obligations are satisfied over time as work progresses or at a point in time.

We evaluated the potential performance obligations within our Restaurant/Retail arrangements (Brink/POS, SureCheck, and PixelPoint) and evaluated whether each deliverable or promise met the ASC 606 criteria to be considered distinct performance obligations. Our revenue in the Restaurant and Retail (R&R) reportable segment is recognized at a point in time for software, manufactured or “purchased for re-sale” hardware (such as terminals, peripherals printers, card readers and other accessories), installations and “pass through licenses”. Revenue on these items are recognized when the customer obtains control of the asset. This generally occurs upon delivery and acceptance by the customer or upon installation or delivery to a third party carrier for onward delivery to customer. Additionally, revenue in the R&R reportable segment relating to subscription services for software, SaaS, Advanced Exchange, On-Site support and other services are recognized over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the Company’s performance obligations. Our support services are stand-ready obligations that are provided over the life of the contract, which typically ranges from 12 months to 60 months. We offer installation services to our customers for hardware and software for which we primarily hire third-party contractors to install the equipment on our behalf. We pay the third-party contractors an installation service fee based on an hourly rate as agreed upon between us and contractor. When third party installers are used, we determine whether the nature of our promises are performance obligations to provide the specified goods or services ourselves (principal) or to arrange for the third party to provide the goods or services (agent). In our customer arrangements, we are primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide a good or service, we have inventory risk before the good or service is transferred to the customer, and we have discretion in establishing prices. We are the principal in the arrangement and record installation revenue on a gross basis.

At times we will offer maintenance services at different prices for customers based on the life of the service, which typically ranges from 12 to 60 months. The support services are a ‘stand-ready obligation’ satisfied over time on the basis that customer consumes and receives benefit from having access to our support resources, when and as needed, throughout the contract term. For this reason, the support services are recognized ratably over the term since we satisfy its obligation to stand ready by performing these services each day.

Our contracts typically require payment within 30 to 90 days from the shipping date or installation date, depending on our terms with the customer. We use stand-alone selling price for our direct sales hardware and software when not included as part of a bundle. For all other sales, excluding bundled sales, we use Cost Plus Margin as we sell the same good or service but at different rates to different customers. There is no standard price list used and prices are not listed in contracts.

Our revenue in the Government reportable segment is recognized over time as control is generally transferred continuously to our customers. Revenue generated by the Government segment is predominantly related to services provided, however revenue is also generated through the sale of materials, software, hardware, and maintenance. For the Government segment cost plus fixed fee contract portfolio, revenue is recognized over time using costs incurred to date to measure progress toward satisfying our performance obligations. Incurred cost represents work performed, which corresponds with, and thereby best depicts, the transfer of control to the customer. Contract costs include labor, material, overhead and G&A expenses. Profit is recognized as the fixed fee portion of the contract as costs are incurred and invoiced. Long-term fixed price contracts and programs involve the use of various techniques to estimate total contract revenue and costs. For long-term fixed price contracts, we estimate the profit on a contract as the difference between the total estimated revenue and expected costs to complete a contract and recognize that profit over the life of the contract. Contract estimates are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events. These assumptions include labor productivity and availability; the complexity of the work to be performed; the cost and availability of materials; and the performance of subcontractors. Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance are recognized using the aforesaid assumptions and adjusting the estimate. Allocating the transaction price varies based on the performance obligations within a specific contract as the stand-alone selling price of the software and maintenance/support is not always discernable. Once the services provided are determined to be distinct or not distinct, we would evaluate how to allocate the transaction price. Generally, the government segment does not sell the same good or service to a similar customer and the contract performance obligations are unique to each government solicitation. The performance obligations are typically not distinct. In cases where there are distinct performance obligations, the transaction price would be allocated to each performance obligation on a standalone basis. Cost plus margin is used for the Cost Plus Fixed Fee contract portfolios, and residual is used for the Fixed Price and Time & Materials contracts portfolios.

In determining when to recognize revenue, we have evaluated the goods/services provided in all contracts and considered two scenarios, Scenario One - The performance obligation is satisfied over time and Scenario Two - the performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time. We evaluated factors suggesting the aforementioned conclusions. Generally, Scenario One applies to our portfolio of contracts. However, there may be circumstances where Scenario Two, or Scenario One and Two could apply.

We usually expect payment within 30 to 90 days from the date of service, depending on our terms with the customer. None of our contracts as of March 31, 2018, contained a significant financing component.

There was no impact to retained earnings for the quarter ended March 31, 2018 based on the adoption of ASC 606.

Performance Obligations Outstanding

Our performance obligations outstanding represent the transaction price of firm, non-cancellable orders, with expected delivery dates to customers subsequent to March 31, 2018, for which work has not yet been performed. The aggregate performance obligations attributable to each of our segments is as follows (in thousands):



	As of March 31, 2018
	Current - under one year	Non-current - over one year
Restaurant	8,243	3,649
Government	300	—
TOTAL	8,543	3,649



	As of December 31, 2017
	Current - under one year	Non-current - over one year
Restaurant	6,199	2,668
Government	585	—
TOTAL	6,784	2,668

Most performance obligations over one year are related to service and support contracts, which we expect to fulfill approximately 70 percent within the next twelve months and all within 60 months.

During the three month period ended March 31, 2018, we recognized revenue of $5.7 million that was included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period.

Disaggregated Revenue

We disaggregate revenue from contracts from customers by major product group for each of the segments as we believe it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Disaggregation of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2018 is as follows (in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31, 2018
	Restaurant/Retail - Point in Time	Restaurant/Retail - Over Time	Government - Over Time
Restaurant	32,164	5,857
Grocery	753	746
Mission Systems	—		8,334
ISR Solutions	—		7,807
TOTAL	32,917	6,603	16,141

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

We generally expense sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would have been less than one year or total amount of commissions immaterial. We record these costs within selling, general and administrative expenses.

We have elected to exclude from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and collected by the entity from a customer (for example, sales, use, value added, and some excise taxes).