Securitizations and Other Variable Interest Entities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

The table below summarizes select information related to first-lien mortgage securitizations for 2022, 2021 and 2020.



First-lien Mortgage Securitizations

	Residential Mortgage - Agency						Commercial Mortgage


(Dollars in millions)	2022		2021		2020		2022		2021		2020
Proceeds from loan sales (1)	$	8,084	$	6,664	$	15,823	$	5,853	$	10,874	$	5,084
Gains on securitizations (2)	8		9		728		46		156		61
Repurchases from securitization trusts (3)	53		756		436		—		—		—

(1)The Corporation transfers residential mortgage loans to securitizations sponsored primarily by the GSEs or GNMA in the normal course of business and primarily receives residential mortgage-backed securities in exchange. Substantially all of these securities are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy and are typically sold shortly after receipt.

(2)A majority of the first-lien residential mortgage loans securitized are initially classified as LHFS and accounted for under the fair value option. Gains recognized on these LHFS prior to securitization, which totaled $41 million, $121 million and $160 million net of hedges, during 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, are not included in the table above.

(3)The Corporation may have the option to repurchase delinquent loans out of securitization trusts, which reduces the amount of servicing advances it is required to make. The Corporation may also repurchase loans from securitization trusts to perform modifications. Repurchased loans include FHA-insured mortgages collateralizing GNMA securities.

Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]

Schedule of Variable Interest Entities

The table below summarizes select information related to home equity, credit card and other asset-backed VIEs in which the Corporation held a variable interest at December 31, 2022 and 2021.



Home Equity Loan, Credit Card and Other Asset-backed VIEs

	Home Equity (1)				Credit Card (2)				Resecuritization Trusts				Municipal Bond Trusts
	December 31

(Dollars in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021
Unconsolidated VIEs
Maximum loss exposure	$	119	$	152	$	—	$	—	$	4,243	$	6,089	$	2,537	$	4,094
On-balance sheet assets
Securities (3):
Trading account assets	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	456	$	1,030	$	—	$	—
Debt securities carried at fair value	1		1		—		—		1,259		1,903		—		—
Held-to-maturity securities	—		—		—		—		2,528		3,156		—		—


Total retained positions	$	1	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	4,243	$	6,089	$	—	$	—
Total assets of VIEs	$	326	$	430	$	—	$	—	$	12,255	$	18,633	$	3,016	$	4,655

Consolidated VIEs
Maximum loss exposure	$	32	$	45	$	9,555	$	10,279	$	551	$	680	$	—	$	210
On-balance sheet assets
Trading account assets	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	650	$	686	$	—	$	122

Loans and leases	97		140		14,555		14,434		—		—		—		—
Allowance for loan and lease losses	12		14		(808)		(970)		—		—		—		—

All other assets	2		3		68		70		—		—		—		88
Total assets	$	111	$	157	$	13,815	$	13,534	$	650	$	686	$	—	$	210
On-balance sheet liabilities
Short-term borrowings	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	196
Long-term debt	79		113		4,247		3,248		99		6		—		—
All other liabilities	—		—		13		7		—		—		—		—
Total liabilities	$	79	$	113	$	4,260	$	3,255	$	99	$	6	$	—	$	196

(1)For unconsolidated home equity loan VIEs, the maximum loss exposure includes outstanding trust certificates issued by trusts in rapid amortization, net of recorded reserves. For both consolidated and unconsolidated home equity loan VIEs, the maximum loss exposure excludes the reserve for representations and warranties obligations and corporate guarantees. For more information, see Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies.

(2)At December 31, 2022 and 2021, loans and leases in the consolidated credit card trust included $3.3 billion and $4.3 billion of seller’s interest.

(3)The retained senior securities were valued using quoted market prices or observable market inputs (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy).

First Lien Mortgages

Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]

Schedule of Variable Interest Entities

The following table summarizes select information related to first-lien mortgage securitization trusts in which the Corporation held a variable interest at December 31, 2022 and 2021.



First-lien Mortgage VIEs

	Residential Mortgage
					Non-agency
	Agency				Prime				Subprime				Alt-A				Commercial Mortgage
	December 31
(Dollars in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021
Unconsolidated VIEs
Maximum loss exposure (1)	$	9,112	$	11,600	$	91	$	121	$	735	$	908	$	28	$	14	$	1,594	$	1,445
On-balance sheet assets
Senior securities:
Trading account assets	$	232	$	175	$	3	$	8	$	25	$	44	$	26	$	12	$	91	$	21
Debt securities carried at fair value	3,027		5,009		—		—		410		537		—		—		—		—
Held-to-maturity securities	5,853		6,416		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,268		1,157
All other assets	—		—		3		3		25		29		2		2		101		93
Total retained positions	$	9,112	$	11,600	$	6	$	11	$	460	$	610	$	28	$	14	$	1,460	$	1,271
Principal balance outstanding (2)	$	81,644	$	93,142	$	3,973	$	4,710	$	5,034	$	6,179	$	11,568	$	13,627	$	85,101	$	85,540

Consolidated VIEs
Maximum loss exposure (1)	$	1,735	$	1,644	$	—	$	49	$	78	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
On-balance sheet assets
Trading account assets	$	1,735	$	1,644	$	—	$	—	$	78	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Loans and leases, net	—		—		—		58		—		—		—		—		—		—



Total assets	$	1,735	$	1,644	$	—	$	58	$	78	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—




Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	9	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Maximum loss exposure includes obligations under loss-sharing reinsurance and other arrangements for non-agency residential mortgage and commercial mortgage securitizations, but excludes the reserve for representations and warranties obligations and corporate guarantees and also excludes servicing advances and other servicing rights and obligations. For more information, see Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies and Note 20 – Fair Value Measurements.

(2)Principal balance outstanding includes loans where the Corporation was the transferor to securitization VIEs with which it has continuing involvement, which may include servicing the loans.

Other Variable Interest Entities

Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]

Schedule of Variable Interest Entities

The table below summarizes select information related to other VIEs in which the Corporation held a variable interest at December 31, 2022 and 2021.



Other VIEs


	Consolidated		Unconsolidated		Total		Consolidated		Unconsolidated		Total

(Dollars in millions)	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Maximum loss exposure	$	2,286	$	31,405	$	33,691	$	4,819	$	27,790	$	32,609
On-balance sheet assets
Trading account assets	$	353	$	638	$	991	$	2,552	$	626	$	3,178
Debt securities carried at fair value	—		5		5		—		7		7
Loans and leases	2,086		90		2,176		2,503		47		2,550
Allowance for loan and lease losses	(1)		(12)		(13)		(2)		(12)		(14)


All other assets	46		30,221		30,267		28		26,628		26,656
Total	$	2,484	$	30,942	$	33,426	$	5,081	$	27,296	$	32,377
On-balance sheet liabilities

Short-term borrowings	$	42	$	—	$	42	$	51	$	—	$	51
Long-term debt	156		—		156		211		—		211
All other liabilities	—		7,318		7,318		—		6,548		6,548
Total	$	198	$	7,318	$	7,516	$	262	$	6,548	$	6,810
Total assets of VIEs	$	2,484	$	101,271	$	103,755	$	5,081	$	92,249	$	97,330

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether a variable interest (as defined) held by the entity requires the variable interest entity (VIE) (as defined) to be consolidated and (or) disclose information about its involvement with the VIE, individually or in aggregate (as applicable); the nature of restrictions, if any, on the consolidated VIE's assets and on the settlement of its liabilities reported by an entity in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets and liabilities; the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with involvement in the VIE; how involvement with the VIE affects the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; the lack of recourse if creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of the consolidated VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary (if applicable); the terms of arrangements, giving consideration to both explicit arrangements and implicit variable interests, if any, that could require the entity to provide financial support to the VIE, including events or circumstances that could expose the entity to a loss; the methodology used by the entity for determining whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity; the significant factors considered and judgments made in determining that the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance are shared (as defined); the carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of the VIE included in the statement of financial position; the entity's maximum exposure to loss, if any, as a result of its involvement with the VIE, including how the maximum exposure is determined and significant sources of the entity's exposure to the VIE; a comparison of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities and the entity's maximum exposure to loss; information about any liquidity arrangements, guarantees, and (or) other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of the entity's variable interest in the VIE; whether or not the entity has provided financial support or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to the VIE that it was not previously contractually required to provide or whether the entity intends to provide that support, including the type and amount of the support and the primary reasons for providing the support; and supplemental information the entity determines necessary to provide.

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