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Cover Page - USD ($)
$ in Billions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Feb. 14, 2020
Jun. 28, 2019
Class of Stock [Line Items]      
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2019    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity File Number 1-44    
Entity Registrant Name ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND CO    
City Area Code 312    
Local Phone Number 634-8100    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE    
Entity Tax Identification Number 41-0129150    
Entity Address, Address Line One 77 West Wacker Drive, Suite 4600    
Entity Address, City or Town Chicago,    
Entity Address, State or Province IL    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 60601    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Public Float     $ 22.7
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   557,887,494  
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held May 7, 2020, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
    
Entity Central Index Key 0000007084    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2019    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Amendment Flag false    
Common Stock [Member]      
Class of Stock [Line Items]      
Title of 12(b) Security Common Stock, no par value    
Trading Symbol ADM    
Security Exchange Name NYSE    
Debt Securities [Member]      
Class of Stock [Line Items]      
Title of 12(b) Security 1.000% Notes due 2025    
No Trading Symbol Flag true    
Security Exchange Name NYSE