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Basis and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2015
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
BASIS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Description of Business
Aaron’s, Inc. (the “Company” or “Aaron’s”) is a leading specialty retailer primarily engaged in the business of leasing and selling furniture, consumer electronics, computers, appliances and household accessories throughout the United States and Canada.
On April 14, 2014, the Company acquired a 100% ownership interest in Progressive Finance Holdings, LLC (“Progressive”), a leading virtual lease-to-own company, for merger consideration of $700.0 million, net of cash acquired. Progressive provides lease-purchase solutions in 46 states. It does so by purchasing merchandise from third-party retailers desired by those retailers' customers and, in turn, leasing that merchandise to the customers on a lease-to-own basis. Progressive consequently has no stores of its own, but rather offers lease-purchase solutions to the customers of traditional retailers.
Our major operating divisions are the Aaron’s Sales & Lease Ownership division (established as a monthly payment concept), Progressive, HomeSmart (established as a weekly payment concept) and Woodhaven Furniture Industries, which manufactures and supplies the majority of the upholstered furniture and bedding leased and sold in our stores.
The following table presents store count by ownership type for the Company's store-based operations:
Stores (Unaudited)
September 30, 2015
 
September 30, 2014
Company-operated stores
 
 
 
Sales and Lease Ownership
1,218

 
1,234

HomeSmart
82

 
82

Total Company-operated stores
1,300

 
1,316

Franchised stores
764

 
785

Systemwide stores
2,064

 
2,101


The following table presents active doors for the Progressive segment:
(Unaudited)
September 30, 2015
 
September 30, 2014
Progressive Active Doors1
12,132

 
11,955

1 An active door is a retail store location at which at least one virtual lease-to-own transaction has been completed during the trailing three month period.
Basis of Presentation
The preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in these financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Generally, actual experience has been consistent with management’s prior estimates and assumptions. Management does not believe these estimates or assumptions will change significantly in the future absent unsurfaced and unforeseen events.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all information required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for the year ended December 31, 2014 (the “2014 Annual Report”). The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the full year.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior periods to conform to the current period presentation.
The Company presents sales net of related taxes for its traditional lease-to-own (“core”) business. Prior to 2015, Progressive presented lease revenues on a gross basis with sales taxes included. Effective January 1, 2015, Progressive conformed its presentation of sales tax to that of the core business. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, reclassification adjustments of $9.1 million and $19.2 million, respectively, have been made to present sales net of related taxes on a consolidated basis. These adjustments reduce lease revenues and fees and operating expenses.
Principles of Consolidation and Variable Interest Entities
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Aaron’s, Inc. and its subsidiaries, each of which is wholly owned. Intercompany balances and transactions between consolidated entities have been eliminated.
The Company holds notes issued by Perfect Home Holdings Limited (“Perfect Home”), a privately-held lease-to-own company that is primarily financed by share capital and subordinated debt. Perfect Home is based in the U.K. and operates 70 retail stores as of September 30, 2015.
Perfect Home is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) because it does not have sufficient equity at risk. However, the Company is not the primary beneficiary and does not consolidate Perfect Home because the Company lacks the power through voting or similar rights to direct the activities that most significantly affect Perfect Home's economic performance. The Company’s maximum exposure to any potential losses associated with this VIE is equal to its total recorded investment, which is $22.3 million at September 30, 2015.
Accounting Policies and Estimates
See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in the 2014 Annual Report.
Income Taxes
The Company files a federal consolidated income tax return in the United States, and the Company and its subsidiaries file in various state and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to federal, state and local tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2012.
As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the amount of uncertain tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate is $2.9 million and $2.1 million, respectively, including interest and penalties. The Company recognizes potential interest and penalties related to uncertain tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.
Earnings Per Share
Earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The computation of earnings per share assuming dilution includes the dilutive effect of stock options, restricted stock units, restricted stock awards and performance share units (collectively, “share-based awards”) as determined under the treasury stock method. The following table shows the calculation of dilutive share-based awards for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014:
 
 
Three Months Ended 
 September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended 
 September 30,
(Shares In Thousands)
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Weighted average shares outstanding
72,586

 
72,340

 
72,558

 
72,350

Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dilutive effect of share-based awards
490

 
320

 
408

 
363

Weighted average shares outstanding assuming dilution
73,076

 
72,660

 
72,966

 
72,713


During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, there were approximately 281,000 and 431,000 weighted-average share-based awards, respectively, excluded from the computation for earnings per share assuming dilution because the awards would have been anti-dilutive for the period.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, there were approximately 166,000 and 143,000 weighted-average share-based awards, respectively, excluded from the computation for earnings per share assuming dilution because the awards would have been anti-dilutive for the period.
Lease Merchandise
All lease merchandise is available for lease or sale. On a monthly basis, all damaged, lost or unsalable merchandise identified is written off. The Company records lease merchandise adjustments on the allowance method, which estimates the merchandise losses incurred but not yet identified by management as of the end of the accounting period based on historical write-off experience. As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the allowance for lease merchandise write-offs was $32.2 million and $27.6 million, respectively.
Lease merchandise adjustments totaled $38.8 million and $29.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $98.3 million and $64.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Lease merchandise adjustments are included in operating expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of earnings.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company classifies highly liquid investments with maturity dates of three months or less when purchased as cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents in a limited number of banks. Bank balances typically exceed coverage provided by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. However, due to the size and strength of the banks in which the balances are held, such exposure to loss is believed to be minimal.
Investments
The Company holds British pound-denominated notes issued by Perfect Home. The Perfect Home notes, which totaled £14.8 million ($22.3 million) and £13.7 million ($21.3 million) at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, are classified as held-to-maturity securities because the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold the investments to maturity. The Perfect Home notes are carried at amortized cost in investments in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and mature on June 30, 2016. The increase in the carrying amount of the notes during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 relates to accretion of the original discount on the notes, which had a face value of £10.0 million.
The Company evaluates held-to-maturity securities for other-than-temporary impairment on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. The Company does not intend to sell its remaining securities and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases.

Historically, the Company maintained investments in various corporate debt securities, or bonds, that were classified as held-to-maturity securities. During the three months ended September 30, 2014, the Company sold all of its investments in corporate bonds due to the Progressive acquisition. The amortized cost of the investments sold was $68.7 million, and a net realized gain of approximately $95,000 was recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2014.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable consist primarily of receivables due from customers of Company-operated stores and Progressive, corporate receivables incurred during the normal course of business (primarily for vendor consideration and in-transit credit card transactions) and franchisee obligations.
Accounts receivable, net of allowances, consist of the following: 
(In Thousands)
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
Customers
$
32,826

 
$
30,438

Corporate
15,986

 
32,572

Franchisee
36,412

 
44,373

 
$
85,224

 
$
107,383


Assets Held for Sale
Certain properties, consisting of parcels of land and commercial buildings, met the held for sale classification criteria as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. After adjustment to fair value, the $7.5 million and $6.4 million carrying amount of these properties has been classified as assets held for sale in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. The Company estimated the fair values of real estate properties using the market values for similar properties. These properties are considered Level 2 assets as described in Note 3.
Deferred Compensation
The Company maintains the Aaron’s, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan, an unfunded, nonqualified deferred compensation plan for a select group of management, highly compensated employees and non-employee directors. On a pre-tax basis, eligible employees can defer receipt of up to 75% of their base compensation and up to 100% of their incentive pay compensation, and eligible non-employee directors can defer receipt of up to 100% of both their cash and stock director fees.
Compensation deferred under the plan is credited to each participant’s deferral account and a deferred compensation liability is recorded in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The deferred compensation liability was $11.6 million and $12.7 million as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. Liabilities under the plan are recorded at amounts due to participants, based on the fair value of participants’ selected investments. The Company has established a rabbi trust to fund obligations under the plan with Company-owned life insurance. The obligations are unsecured general obligations of the Company and the participants have no right, interest or claim in the assets of the Company, except as unsecured general creditors. The cash surrender value of the insurance contracts totaled $15.1 million as of September 30, 2015 and $14.5 million as of December 31, 2014 and is included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Deferred compensation expense charged to operations for the Company’s matching contributions was not significant during any of the three or nine months periods presented. Benefits of $1.0 million and $1.4 million were paid during the first nine months of 2015 and 2014, respectively.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 are as follows:
(In Thousands)
Foreign Currency
 
Total
Balance at January 1, 2015
$
(90
)
 
$
(90
)
Other comprehensive income
(132
)
 
(132
)
Balance at September 30, 2015
$
(222
)
 
$
(222
)

There were no reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.
Fair Value Measurement
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. To increase the comparability of fair value measures, the following hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation methodologies used to measure fair value:
Level 1—Valuations based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
Level 2—Valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting the Company's own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. These valuations require significant judgment.
The Company measures assets held for sale at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and records impairment charges when they are deemed to be impaired. The Company maintains certain financial assets and liabilities, including investments and fixed-rate long-term debt, that are not measured at fair value but for which fair value is disclosed.

The fair values of the Company’s other current financial assets and liabilities, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their carrying values due to their short-term nature.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Revenue Recognition. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires a company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Deferral of the Effective Date, which deferred the effective date for ASU 2014-09 by one year to annual reporting periods, and interim periods within that period, beginning after December 15, 2017. Companies may use either a full retrospective or a modified retrospective approach to adopt ASU 2014-09. The Company has not yet determined the potential effects of adopting ASU 2014-09 on its consolidated financial statements.

Debt Issuance Costs. In April 2015, the FASB issued No. ASU 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs, which requires debt issuance costs to be presented in the balance sheet as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability rather than as a separate asset. ASU 2015-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not expect the provisions of ASU 2015-03 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Cloud Computing. In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-05, Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement. Among other things, ASU 2015-05 clarifies how a customer in a cloud computing arrangement should determine whether the arrangement includes a software license, and clarifies that the acquisition of a software license must be accounted for in the same manner as other licenses of intangible assets. ASU 2015-05 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not expect the provisions of ASU 2015-05 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Measurement-Period Adjustments. In September 2015, the FASB issued No. ASU 2015-16, Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments. The ASU eliminates the requirement that an acquirer in a business combination account for a measurement-period adjustment retrospectively. Instead, acquirers must recognize measurement-period adjustments during the period in which they determine the adjustment amounts. The adjustment amounts must include the effect on earnings of any amounts the acquirer would have recorded in previous periods if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. ASU 2015-16 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The ASU is applied prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after the effective date. That is, the ASU applies to open measurement periods, regardless of the acquisition date. The Company does not expect the provisions of ASU 2015-16 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.