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Cost Reduction Programs and Restructuring of Operations
12 Months Ended
May 29, 2011
Cost Reduction Programs and Restructuring of Operations  
Cost Reduction Programs and Restructuring of Operations

Note 6. Cost Reduction Programs and Restructuring of Operations

Fiscal 2011

We recorded a net charge of $25.6 million for severance and restructuring expenses in fiscal 2011. The following table provides additional detail related to these expenses:

(In Millions)
  Analog
Segment

  All
Others

  Total
 
       

May 2010 business realignment:

                   
 

Severance

  $ 0.7   $ 0.8   $ 1.5  
 

Other exit-related costs

    0.3     0.1     0.4  
 

Impairment of equipment and other assets

    1.2     -     1.2  
 

Release of reserves:

                   
   

Severance

    (0.1 )   -     (0.1 )
       

 

    2.1     0.9     3.0  

March 2009 workforce reduction and plant closures:

                   
 

Other exit-related costs

    -     15.1     15.1  
 

Severance

    -     0.4     0.4  
 

Gain on sale of equipment

    -     (0.8 )   (0.8 )
 

Impairment of property, plant and equipment

    -     8.8     8.8  
 

Release of reserves:

                   
   

Severance

    -     (0.9 )   (0.9 )
       

 

    -     22.6     22.6  
       

Total severance and restructuring expenses, net

  $ 2.1   $ 23.5   $ 25.6  
       

               In connection with exit activities related to the realignment of certain product line business units originally announced in May 2010, we recorded a total net charge of $3.0 million in fiscal 2011. This amount includes $1.5 million for severance expenses and $0.4 million for other exit-related costs in connection with two leased facilities. In the first quarter of fiscal 2011, we also decided to discontinue the development of a product which was originally acquired with the purchase of ActSolar, Inc. in fiscal 2009. As a result, we recorded a $1.2 million charge to write off the intangible asset and certain equipment related to the development project that is no longer used. These charges were partially offset by a recovery of $0.1 million to reduce accrued severance expenses upon finalizing severance packages with certain terminated employees in foreign locations. All activities related to the product line business realignment were substantially completed by the end of fiscal 2011.

               In connection with the workforce reduction and plant closures announced in March 2009, we recorded a total net charge of $22.6 million in fiscal 2011. This amount includes other exit-related costs of $15.1 million associated with the closure and transfer activities that occurred at our manufacturing sites in Texas and China during fiscal 2011, and $0.4 million for severance expenses. We also recorded a $6.0 million impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of one of the manufacturing sites that is held for sale since the industrial real estate market in its location has declined. In addition, we recorded a $0.8 million charge to write off certain Texas building improvements that were removed in the second quarter of fiscal 2011 and a $2.0 million charge to write off certain Texas equipment previously classified as held for sale that remained unsold after completing a final public sale of the equipment in the first quarter of fiscal 2011. As a result, total charges for the impairment of property, plant and equipment were $8.8 million in fiscal 2011. Partially offsetting the charges discussed above was a $0.9 million recovery to reduce accrued severance expenses upon redeploying certain employees from Texas and China to other locations, and a $0.8 million gain on the sale of certain Texas equipment. Since these net charges relate to actions announced in fiscal 2009, total cumulative net charges since March 2009 through the end of fiscal 2011 for these actions are presented in the following table:

(In Millions)
  Analog
Segment

  All
Others

  Total
 
       

March 2009 workforce reduction and plant closures:

                   
 

Severance

  $ 14.0   $ 46.6   $ 60.6  
 

Other exit-related costs

    -     47.1     47.1  
 

Impairment of property, plant and equipment

    -     63.1     63.1  
 

Gain on sale of equipment

    -     (2.1 )   (2.1 )
 

Other equipment gain, net

    -     (1.2 )   (1.2 )
 

Release of reserves:

                   
   

Severance

    (0.4 )   (5.7 )   (6.1 )
       

Total cumulative severance and restructuring expenses for the March 2009 workforce reduction and plant closures

  $ 13.6   $ 147.8   $ 161.4  
       

               We ceased production activity in both China and Texas in fiscal 2010 and the remaining activities associated with the closures of those manufacturing facilities were substantially completed in fiscal 2011. Since then, we have been actively engaged in locating buyers to purchase each of these manufacturing facilities. As a result, all of the China and Texas plant assets have been classified as held for sale. As of May 29, 2011, the total carrying value of assets held for sale was $33.9 million and is reported in other current assets in the consolidated balance sheet. We have ceased depreciation on these assets and now measure the carrying value at the lower of historical net book value or fair value (less cost to sell). Activity related to assets held for sale during fiscal 2011 includes the $6.0 million impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of one of the facilities to its fair value less cost to sell, the sale of certain Texas equipment with a carrying value of $2.6 million and the write off of certain Texas building improvements and equipment with a carrying value of $2.8 million. In addition, certain Texas equipment with a carrying value of $0.5 million (approximating fair value) was transferred to our manufacturing facility in Maine and reclassified as held and used.

               After the end of fiscal 2011, we completed the sale of our China manufacturing facility to an unrelated third party in June 2011. The facility and its existing machinery and equipment, which had a carrying value of $17.0 million, were sold for $26.6 million. As a result, we expect to record a gain in the first quarter of fiscal 2012 of approximately $6 million after determining the final costs of the transaction. A portion of the proceeds in the amount of $13.3 million was received prior to the end of fiscal 2011 and is included in deferred gain on sale of assets on the consolidated balance sheet.

               In June 2011, we also completed the sale of our ERI business to an unrelated third party for $0.8 million. The ERI business was a part of the strategic growth market business unit within our Analog reportable segment. Under the terms of the agreement, we sold certain assets and liabilities, primarily intellectual property and customer contracts, which had a carrying value of $0.4 million. As a result, we expect to record a gain in the first quarter of fiscal 2012 after determining the final costs of the transaction.

Fiscal 2010

We recorded a net charge of $20.1 million for severance and restructuring expenses in fiscal 2010. The following table provides additional detail related to these expenses:

(In Millions)
  Analog
Segment

  All
Others

  Total
 
       

May 2010 business realignment:

                   
 

Severance

  $ 1.1   $ 0.6   $ 1.7  

March 2009 workforce reduction and plant closures:

                   
 

Other exit-related costs

    -     28.7   $ 28.7  
 

Severance

    -     0.5     0.5  
 

Gain on sale of equipment

    -     (1.3 )   (1.3 )
 

Other equipment gain, net

    -     (1.2 )   (1.2 )
 

Release of reserves:

                   
   

Severance

    (0.4 )   (4.8 )   (5.2 )
       

 

    (0.4 )   21.9     21.5  

November 2008 workforce reduction:

                   
 

Release of reserves:

                   
   

Severance

    (0.2 )   (2.8 )   (3.0 )

Fiscal 2008 workforce reduction and manufacturing restructure:

                   
 

Release of reserves:

                   
   

Other exit-related costs

    -     (0.1 )   (0.1 )
       

Total severance and restructuring expenses, net

  $ 0.5   $ 19.6   $ 20.1  
       

               We recorded a charge of $1.7 million in fiscal 2010 for severance payments to employees who were terminated in connection with exit activities as part of the realignment of certain product line business units announced in May 2010.

               In connection with the workforce reduction and plant closures announced in March 2009, we recorded a net charge of $21.5 million in fiscal 2010 for additional severance and restructuring expenses that were partially offset by the equipment gains described below. The restructuring expenses included $28.7 million of other exit-related costs associated with closure and transfer activities that occurred at our manufacturing sites in Texas and China during fiscal 2010, and $0.5 million for severance expenses.

               By the second half of fiscal 2010, the global economy began to slowly recover as revenue prospects improved significantly. An increasing portion of our revenues were coming from a portfolio of products that are primarily manufactured in our wafer fabrication facility in Greenock, Scotland. Management believed there was a larger market with a longer life for these products than was previously assumed and decided to increase its manufacturing capacity in Scotland. Certain equipment previously classified as held for sale, primarily the Texas equipment, is now being used in our manufacturing facility in Scotland. The carrying value of this equipment was adjusted based on the lower of its carrying value before being classified as held for sale (adjusted for any depreciation that would have been recognized had it been continuously classified as held and used), or its fair value at the time management decided the equipment would no longer be sold. Since the date we first classified this equipment as held for sale to the date we reclassified it as held and used, the fair value of this equipment had increased. As a result, we recorded a gain of $1.2 million to restore the carrying value of the equipment to fair value which was lower than what its carrying value would have been had it been continuously classified as held and used. The weighted average remaining life of this equipment at the time we classified it as held for sale was 7.8 years and when it was reclassified as held and used in fiscal 2010, its weighted-average remaining life was 7.3 years. We also recorded a gain of $1.3 million upon completing the sale of some of the equipment in China and Texas during fiscal 2010. In addition to these equipment gains, we recorded a recovery of $5.2 million due to adjustments to reduce accrued severance expenses for manufacturing employees who voluntarily terminated prior to their scheduled departure dates and for severance packages that were finalized with certain employees in foreign locations.

Fiscal 2009

We recorded a net charge of $143.9 million for severance and restructuring expenses in fiscal 2009. The following table provides additional detail related to these expenses:

(In Millions)
  Analog
Segment

  All
Others

  Total
 
       

March 2009 workforce reduction and plant closures:

                   
 

Severance

  $ 14.0   $ 45.7   $ 59.7  
 

Impairment of equipment and other assets

    -     54.3     54.3  
 

Other exit-related costs

    -     3.3     3.3  
       

 

    14.0     103.3     117.3  

November 2008 workforce reduction:

                   
 

Severance

    9.8     15.7     25.5  
 

Impairment of equipment

    0.7     0.1     0.8  
 

Other exit-related costs

    0.1     -     0.1  
       

 

    10.6     15.8     26.4  

Fiscal 2008 workforce reduction and manufacturing restructure:

                   
 

Other exit-related costs

    -     2.2     2.2  
 

Gain on sale of equipment

    -     (0.5 )   (0.5 )
 

Release of reserves:

                   
   

Severance

    (1.1 )   (0.3 )   (1.4 )
       

 

    (1.1 )   1.4     0.3  

Release of reserves related to other prior actions:

                   
 

Other exit-related costs

    -     (0.1 )   (0.1 )
       

Total severance and restructuring expenses

  $ 23.5   $ 120.4   $ 143.9  
       

               In March 2009, we announced that we would take actions to reduce overall expenses in response to weak economic conditions and related business levels. As part of the plan, we eliminated approximately 850 positions worldwide in our product lines, sales and marketing, manufacturing and support functions. The majority of the affected employees departed by the end of fiscal 2009. We also planned to further reduce headcount by approximately 875 through the eventual closure of our wafer fabrication facility in Arlington, Texas and our assembly and test plant in Suzhou, China. The departure of these additional employees was to coincide with the phased timing of the plant closures. As a result of these actions, we recorded $117.3 million in fiscal 2009, which included severance costs of $59.7 million, asset impairment charges of $54.3 million and other exit-related costs of $3.3 million associated with closure and transfer activities incurred in fiscal 2009. Included in the asset impairment charges was $9.8 million related to the modification of a CAD software license that reduced the volume of licenses available for use by the company.

               In November 2008, we announced a global workforce reduction that eliminated approximately 330 positions in response to the uncertain business climate at that time. These positions were primarily in non-manufacturing functions in our product line, marketing and sales, and general administrative operations. In addition to the workforce reduction, we closed two design centers located in the United States. As a result of this action, we recorded severance and restructuring expenses of $26.4 million in fiscal 2009, which represented the total amount expected to be incurred. This amount included severance costs of $25.5 million, other exit-related costs of $0.1 million and $0.8 million for the impairment of abandoned equipment.

               In addition to the actions described above, we recorded a net charge of $0.3 million related to the workforce reduction and manufacturing restructure announced in fiscal 2008. This amount included a $2.2 million charge for other exit-related costs primarily incurred in connection with dismantling and removing equipment. This charge was partially offset by a recovery of $1.9 million, which included $1.4 million primarily due to an adjustment to reduce accrued severance expenses upon finalizing severance packages with certain terminated employees in foreign locations and a gain of $0.5 million from the subsequent sale of some of the equipment that had been previously written down.

Summary of Activities

The following table provides a summary of the activities related to our severance and restructuring costs included in accrued expenses during fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009:

 
  Fiscal 2010
Business Unit Realignment
  Fiscal 2009
Workforce Reduction and Plant Closures
  Cost Reduction and
Restructuring Actions In Prior Years
   
 
(In Millions)
  Severance
  Other Exit-Related Costs
  Severance
  Other Exit-Related Costs
  Severance
  Other Exit-Related Costs
  Total
 
       

Balances at May 25, 2008

                          $ 14.5   $ 0.8   $ 15.3  
 

Cost reduction charges

              $ 85.2   $ 3.4     -     2.2     90.8  
 

Cash payments

                (42.3 )   (2.2 )   (13.0 )   (2.7 )   (60.2 )
 

Release of residual reserves

                -     -     (1.4 )   (0.1 )   (1.5 )
                   

Balances at May 31, 2009

                42.9     1.2     0.1     0.2     44.4  
 

Cost reduction charges

  $ 1.7   $ -     0.5     28.7     -     -     30.9  
 

Cash payments

                (22.7 )   (29.3 )   (0.2 )   (0.1 )   (52.3 )
 

Exchange rate adjustment

                0.6     -     0.1     -     0.7  
 

Release of residual reserves

                (8.2 )   -     -     (0.1 )   (8.3 )
       

Balance at May 30, 2010

    1.7     -     13.1     0.6     -     -     15.4  
 

Cost reduction charges

    1.5     0.4     0.4     15.1     -     -     17.4  
 

Cash payments

    (2.6 )   (0.4 )   (11.8 )   (15.6 )   -     -     (30.4 )
 

Exchange rate adjustment

    (0.1 )   -     (0.1 )   -     -     -     (0.2 )
 

Release of residual reserves

    (0.1 )   -     (0.9 )   -     -     -     (1.0 )
       

Balance at May 29, 2011

  $ 0.4   $ -   $ 0.7   $ 0.1   $ -   $ -   $ 1.2  
       

               During fiscal 2011 we paid severance to 211 employees in connection with exit activities as part of the business unit realignment announced in May 2010 and the plant closures. Payments for other exit-related costs were primarily for expenses associated with closure and transfer activities incurred in connection with the closures of our manufacturing facilities in Texas and China. The balances at May 29, 2011, which are expected to be paid in early fiscal 2012, primarily represent remaining estimated costs for activities that have occurred, but have yet to be paid, as a result of the business realignment and the manufacturing plant closures.