10-Q 1 d10q.htm FORM 10-Q Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

(Mark One)

 

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission file number: 000-18188

 

 

PAULSON CAPITAL CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Oregon   93-0589534
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
811 SW Naito Parkway, Portland, Oregon   97204
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 503-243-6000

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer  ¨     Accelerated filer  ¨
Non-accelerated filer  ¨   (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)   Smaller reporting company  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 

Common stock, no par value    5,942,150
(Class)    (Outstanding at August 14, 2008)

 

 

 


Table of Contents

PAULSON CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

 

          Page

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  

Item 1.

   Financial Statements   
   Consolidated Balance Sheets - June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (unaudited)    2
   Consolidated Statements of Operations - Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 (unaudited)    3
   Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 (unaudited)    4
   Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)    5

Item 2.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    8

Item 3.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    14

Item 4T.

   Controls and Procedures    14

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

  

Item 2.

   Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds    15

Item 4.

   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    15

Item 6.

   Exhibits    15

Signatures

   16

 

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

Paulson Capital Corp. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

     June 30,
2008
   December 31,
2007
     (Unaudited)     

Assets

     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 23,236    $ 43,619

Receivable from clearing organization

     9,008,851      11,702,341

Notes and other receivables

     709,801      1,563,530

Income taxes receivable

     269,623      —  

Deferred tax asset

     2,864,798      —  

Trading securities, at market value

     11,644,364      12,037,368

Investment securities, at market or estimated fair value

     5,189,181      8,157,546

Underwriter warrants, at estimated fair value

     5,228,000      16,373,000

Prepaid and deferred expenses

     353,125      939,371

Furniture and equipment, at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $831,600 and $862,616

     141,665      196,333
             

Total Assets

   $ 35,432,644    $ 51,013,108
             

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

     

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

   $ 1,313,888    $ 3,240,877

Payable to clearing organization

     1,290,307      2,463,413

Compensation, employee benefits and payroll taxes

     736,399      2,065,972

Securities sold, not yet purchased, at market value

     —        36,259

Income taxes payable - current

     —        1,369,710

Income taxes payable - long-term

     307,000      297,000

Deferred revenue

     325,000      375,000

Underwriter warrants - employee and independent contractor, at estimated fair value

     208,000      651,000

Deferred income taxes

     —        1,821,000
             

Total Liabilities

     4,180,594      12,320,231

Commitments and Contingencies

     —        —  

Shareholders’ Equity

     

Preferred stock, no par value; 500,000 shares authorized; none issued

     —        —  

Common stock, no par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding: 5,942,150 and 6,037,150

     1,950,469      1,972,319

Retained earnings

     29,301,581      36,720,558
             

Total Shareholders’ Equity

     31,252,050      38,692,877
             

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

   $ 35,432,644    $ 51,013,108
             

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Paulson Capital Corp. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

 

     For the Three Months Ended June 30,     For the Six Months Ended June 30,
         2008             2007             2008             2007    

Revenues

        

Commissions

   $ 3,556,903     $ 4,603,971     $ 8,012,732     $ 8,720,539

Corporate finance

     —         3,450,296       395,389       4,445,807

Investment income (loss)

     (5,036,636 )     (628,508 )     (12,074,221 )     2,555,836

Trading income (loss)

     (1,770,393 )     370,687       2,552,042       1,710,763

Interest and dividends

     12,850       36,826       27,471       70,999

Other

     31,671       146,700       56,896       172,075
                              
     (3,205,605 )     7,979,972       (1,029,691 )     17,676,019

Expenses

        

Commissions and salaries

     3,188,836       4,818,382       7,528,400       8,783,091

Underwriting expenses

     168,409       149,509       314,006       309,464

Rent, telephone and quotation services

     301,893       303,945       588,617       617,180

Professional fees

     213,419       141,228       473,558       345,173

Bad debt expense

     2,239       107,160       5,176       154,849

Travel and entertainment

     169,017       41,804       201,227       77,184

Advertising and promotion expense

     56,390       36,720       114,586       84,726

Settlement expense

     15,500       230,000       32,000       309,717

Depreciation and amortization

     28,116       27,363       57,184       56,327

Other

     394,384       461,811       775,177       775,859
                              
     4,538,203       6,317,922       10,089,931       11,513,570
                              

Income (loss) before income taxes

     (7,743,808 )     1,662,050       (11,119,622 )     6,162,449

Income tax expense (benefit):

        

Current

     (1,156,805 )     259,647       524,798       746,602

Deferred

     (1,760,195 )     401,526       (4,685,798 )     1,637,773
                              
     (2,917,000 )     661,173       (4,161,000 )     2,384,375
                              

Net income (loss)

   $ (4,826,808 )   $ 1,000,877     $ (6,958,622 )   $ 3,778,074
                              

Basic net income (loss) per share

   $ (0.81 )   $ 0.16     $ (1.16 )   $ 0.61
                              

Diluted net income (loss) per share

   $ (0.81 )   $ 0.16     $ (1.16 )   $ 0.61
                              

Shares used in per share calculations:

        

Basic

     5,966,051       6,144,599       5,992,480       6,151,100
                              

Diluted

     5,966,051       6,154,496       5,992,480       6,161,051
                              

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Paulson Capital Corp. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

 

     For the Six Months Ended June 30,  
     2008     2007  

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net income (loss)

   $ (6,958,622 )   $ 3,778,074  

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows provided by operating activities:

    

Receipt of underwriter warrants

     (462,320 )     (2,449,787 )

Unrealized (appreciation) depreciation/expiration of underwriter warrants

     11,607,320       (5,233,941 )

Unrealized depreciation of underwriter warrants - employee and independent contractor

     (443,000 )     —    

Non-cash compensation associated with underwriter warrants

     —         688,728  

Depreciation and amortization

     57,184       56,327  

Deferred income taxes

     (4,685,798 )     1,637,773  

Deferred revenue

     (50,000 )     (50,000 )

Change in assets and liabilities

    

Receivables from/payable to clearing organization

     1,520,384       (2,465,922 )

Notes and other receivables

     853,729       28,635  

Income taxes receivable

     (269,623 )     304,695  

Trading and investment securities

     3,361,369       363,174  

Prepaid and deferred expenses

     586,246       441,962  

Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and compensation payables

     (3,256,562 )     300,365  

Securities sold, not yet purchased

     (36,259 )     2,669,635  

Income taxes payable - current

     (1,369,710 )     279,298  

Income taxes payable - long-term

     10,000       100,000  
                

Net cash provided by operating activities

     464,338       449,016  

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Additions to furniture and equipment

     (2,516 )     (33,374 )

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Proceeds from stock option exercise

     —         77,110  

Payments to retire common stock

     (482,205 )     (591,363 )
                

Net cash used in financing activities

     (482,205 )     (514,253 )
                

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents

     (20,383 )     (98,611 )

Cash and cash equivalents:

    

Beginning of period

     43,619       219,341  
                

End of period

   $ 23,236     $ 120,730  
                

Supplemental cash flow information:

    

Cash paid during the period for income taxes

   $ 2,231,008     $ 412,690  

Supplemental non-cash flow information:

    

Deferred tax benefit from stock option exercises

   $ —       $ —    

Effect of adoption of FIN 48

     —         90,000  

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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PAULSON CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

The financial information for Paulson Capital Corp. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Paulson Investment Company, included herein as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 and for the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 is unaudited; however, such information reflects all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods. The financial information as of December 31, 2007 is derived from our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. The interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Note 2. Earnings Per Share

Following is a reconciliation of our shares used for our basic net income (loss) per share and our diluted net income (loss) per share:

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
   Six Months Ended
June 30,
     2008    2007    2008    2007

Shares used for basic income (loss) per share

   5,966,051    6,144,599    5,992,480    6,151,100

Effect of dilutive stock options

   —      9,897    —      9,951
                   

Shares used for diluted net income (loss) per share

   5,966,051    6,154,496    5,992,480    6,161,051
                   

Stock options not included in diluted net income (loss) per share because their effect would have been antidilutive

   95,000    —      95,000    —  
                   

Note 3. Repurchases of Common Stock

In the first six months of 2008, we repurchased a total of 95,000 shares of our common stock for a weighted average price of $5.07 per share, which totaled approximately $482,000. The amount paid above the original issue price, which totaled $22,000, was offset against retained earnings. The plan to repurchase up to a total of 600,000 shares of our common stock was approved by our Board of Directors in September 2001 and does not have an expiration date. In addition, in June 2008, our Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to a total of an additional 200,000 shares of our common stock. This authorization also does not have an expiration date. As of June 30, 2008, 256,876 shares remained available for repurchase.

Note 4. Unrecognized Tax Benefits

During the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008, accrued interest on unrecognized tax benefits increased $5,000 and $10,000, respectively, as a result of tax positions taken in prior periods.

 

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Note 5. Fair Value Measurements

Effective January 1, 2008, we adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” for our financial assets and liabilities. The adoption of this portion of SFAS No. 157 did not have any effect on our financial position or results of operations and we do not expect the adoption of the provisions of SFAS No. 157 related to non-financial assets and liabilities to have an effect on our financial position or results of operations.

Various inputs are used in determining the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities and are summarized into three broad categories:

 

   

Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical securities;

 

   

Level 2 – other significant observable inputs, including quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.; and

 

   

Level 3 – significant unobservable inputs, including our own assumptions in determining fair value.

The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities.

Following are the disclosures related to our financial assets and (liabilities) pursuant to SFAS No. 157 (in thousands):

 

     June 30, 2008
     Fair Value     Input Level

Trading securities

   $ 11,644     Level 1

Investment securities, marketable

     2,848     Level 1

Investment securities, not readily marketable

     2,341     Level 3

Underwriter warrants

     5,228     Level 3

Underwriter warrants – employee and independent contractor

     (208 )   Level 3

Following is a roll-forward of our Level 3 financial assets and liabilities (in thousands):

 

     Underwriter
Warrants
    Underwriter
Warrants –
Employee and
Independent
Contractor
    Not Readily
Marketable
Investment
Securities

Balance, December 31, 2007

   $ 16,373     $ (651 )   $ 1,946

Fair value of warrants received, included as a component of corporate finance revenue

     462       —         —  

Net unrealized gain (loss), included as a component of investment income (loss)

     (10,810 )     443       395

Value of warrants exercised and expired, included as a component of investment income (loss)

     (797 )     —         —  
                      

Balance, June 30, 2008

   $ 5,228     $ (208 )   $ 2,341
                      

Valuation of Trading Securities and Marketable Investment Securities

The fair value of our trading securities and our marketable investment securities is determined based on quoted market prices.

Valuation of Not Readily Marketable Investment Securities

The fair value of our not readily marketable investment securities are estimated using generally accepted valuation approaches, including the asset, income and market approaches.

 

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Valuation of Underwriter Warrants

We estimate the value of our underwriter warrants using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model. The Black-Scholes model requires us to use five inputs including: price, risk free rate, exercise price, time remaining on the warrant and price volatility. After stock price, the most influential factor in this model is price volatility, which we calculate for each company’s warrants based on each company’s own historical closing stock prices as well as an index of historical prices for comparable companies. When we initially receive a new underwriter warrant from an initial public offering, its calculated volatility factor is entirely based on the volatility of an index of comparable companies, since there is no price history for a new publicly traded company. As each underwriter warrant approaches its expiration date, its volatility factor is derived primarily from the historical prices of its underlying common stock. We cannot assure you that we will ultimately be able to exercise any of our warrants in a way that will realize the value that we attribute to them in our financial statements based on this model.

Note 6. New Accounting Pronouncements

SFAS No. 162

In May 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” which identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. SFAS No. 162 is effective 60 days following the Securities and Exchange Commission’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 4311, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” We believe that our accounting principles and practices are consistent with the guidance in SFAS No. 162, and, accordingly, we do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 162 to have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations.

SFAS No. 161

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” which requires certain disclosures related to derivative instruments. SFAS No. 161 is effective prospectively for interim periods and fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. We do not have any derivative instruments that fall under the guidance of SFAS No. 161 and, accordingly, the adoption of SFAS No. 161 will not have any effect on our financial position or results of operations.

SFAS No. 159

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities,” which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The adoption of the provisions of SFAS No. 159 effective January 1, 2008 did not have any effect on our financial position or results of operations.

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors

This report, including, without limitation, Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” contains or incorporates both historical and “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “future” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. Any such forward-looking statements in this report reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance and are subject to a variety of factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from historical results or from anticipated results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Because of such factors, we cannot assure you that the results anticipated in this report will be realized. As noted elsewhere in this report, various aspects of our business are subject to extreme volatility often as a result of factors beyond our ability to anticipate or control. In particular, factors, such as the condition of the securities markets, which are in turn based on popular perceptions of the health of the economy generally, can be expected to affect the volume of our business as well as the value of the securities maintained in our trading and investment accounts. Other factors that may affect our future financial condition or results of operations include the following:

 

   

Aspects of our business are volatile and affected by factors beyond our control.

 

   

Our ability to attract and retain customers may be affected by our reputation.

 

   

We are subject to extensive regulation that could result in investigations, fines or other penalties.

 

   

We face intense competition in our industry.

 

   

Our future success depends on retaining existing management and hiring and assimilating new key employees, and our inability to attract or retain key personnel would materially harm our business and results of operations.

 

   

We are subject to an increased risk of legal proceedings, which may result in significant losses to us that we cannot recover. Claimants in these proceedings may be customers, employees, or regulatory agencies, among others, seeking damages for mistakes, errors, negligence or acts of fraud by our employees.

 

   

As a public company, we are subject to complex legal and accounting requirements that require us to incur substantial expense and expose us to risk of non-compliance.

 

   

Our directors control approximately 60 percent of our common stock and may have interests differing from those of other stockholders.

Overview

Substantially all of our business consists of the securities brokerage and corporate finance activities of our wholly-owned subsidiary, Paulson Investment Company, Inc., which has operations in four principal categories, all of them in the financial services industry. These categories are:

   

securities brokerage activities for which we earn commission revenues;

 

   

corporate finance revenues consisting principally of underwriting discounts and underwriter warrants;

 

   

securities trading from which we record profit or loss, depending on trading results; and

 

   

investment income resulting from earnings on, and increases or decreases in the value of, our investment portfolio.

Because we operate in the financial services industry, our revenues and earnings are substantially affected by general conditions in financial markets. In our securities brokerage business, the amount of our revenues depends on levels of market activity requiring the services we provide. Our corporate finance activity, which consists of acting as the managing underwriter of initial and follow-on public offerings, private investments in public equity (“PIPEs”) and private placements for smaller companies, is similarly affected by the strength of the market for new equity offerings, which has historically experienced substantial cyclical fluctuation. During the first six months of 2008, 42 companies completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) in the U.S., with 17 in the second quarter of 2008. This compares to 147 IPOs in the

 

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U.S. in the first half of 2007. Although we attempt to match operating costs with activity levels, many of our expenses are either fixed or difficult to change on short notice. Accordingly, fluctuations in brokerage and corporate finance revenues tend to result in sharper fluctuations, on a percentage basis, in net income or loss.

Our investment income or loss and, to a lesser extent, our trading income or loss is affected by changes in market valuation of securities generally and, in particular, by changes in valuation of the equity securities of microcap companies in which our investments and trading activities tend to be concentrated. Equity markets in general, and microcap equity markets in particular, have always experienced significant volatility and this volatility has, in recent years, been extreme. The result of this volatility on the value of our investment portfolio and securities held in connection with our trading and investment activities include large quarterly fluctuations in income or loss from these operations and substantial increases or decreases in our net worth as our securities holdings are marked to market.

A substantial portion of our corporate finance business consists of acting as managing underwriter of initial and follow-on public offerings for microcap and smallcap companies. As a part of our compensation for these activities, we typically receive warrants exercisable to purchase securities similar to those that we offer and sell to the public. The warrants generally have a five-year expiration date and vest immediately. The warrants are generally subject to a restricted period of six months to one-year during which we cannot exercise. The exercise price is typically 120% of the price at which the securities were initially sold to the public. Accordingly, unless there is at least a 20% increase in the price of these securities at some time more than six months and less than five years after the offering, the warrants will remain “under water” and will ultimately expire unexercised. We also receive warrants in connection with PIPEs, which have varying terms and conditions.

Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

With the exception of the adoption of SFAS No. 157 as described in Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we reaffirm the critical accounting policies and estimates as reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2008.

Results of Operations

Our revenues and operating results are influenced by fluctuations in the equity markets as well as general economic and market conditions, particularly conditions in the over-the-counter market, where our investment and trading positions and the underlying stock for the underwriter warrants are heavily concentrated. Significant fluctuations can occur in our revenues and operating results from one period to another. Our results of operations depend upon many factors, such as the number of companies that are seeking financing, the quality and financial condition of those companies, market conditions in general, the performance of our previous underwritings and interest in certain industries by investors. As a result, revenues and income derived from these activities may vary significantly from period to period. Our revenues include the following:

 

   

Commissions, which represent amounts earned from our retail securities brokerage activities;

 

   

Corporate finance revenues, which are a function of total proceeds from offerings done during the period, compensation per offering and the fair value of underwriter warrants received;

 

   

Investment income (loss), which includes (i) the unrealized appreciation and depreciation of securities held based on quoted market prices, (ii) the unrealized appreciation and depreciation of securities held that are not readily marketable, based upon our estimate of their fair value, (iii) realized gains and losses on the sale of securities with quoted market prices and securities that are not readily marketable, (iv) income on the exercise of underwriter warrants, and (v) the unrealized appreciation and depreciation of underwriter warrants held; and

 

   

Trading income (loss), which is the gain or loss from trading positions before commissions paid to the representatives in the trading department.

 

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The following tables set forth the changes in our operating results in the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2007 (dollars in thousands):

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
    Increase
(Decrease)
    %
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2007      

Revenues:

        

Commissions

   $ 3,557     $ 4,604     $ (1,047 )   (22.7 )%

Corporate finance

     —         3,450       (3,450 )   *  

Investment loss

     (5,037 )     (629 )     (4,408 )   *  

Trading income (loss)

     (1,770 )     371       (2,141 )   *  

Interest and dividends

     13       37       (24 )   (64.9 )

Other

     31       147       (116 )   (78.9 )
                              

Total revenues

     (3,206 )     7,980       (11,186 )   (140.2 )

Expenses:

        

Commissions and salaries

     3,189       4,818       (1,629 )   (33.8 )

Underwriting expenses

     168       150       18     12.0  

Rent, telephone and quotation services

     302       304       (2 )   (0.7 )

Professional fees

     214       141       73     51.8  

Bad debt expense

     2       107       (105 )   (98.1 )

Travel and entertainment

     169       42       127     302.4  

Advertising and promotion

     56       37       19     51.4  

Settlement expense

     16       230       (214 )   (93.0 )

Depreciation and amortization

     28       27       1     3.7  

Other

     394       462       (68 )   (14.7 )
                              

Total expenses

     4,538       6,318       (1,780 )   (28.2 )
                              

Income (loss) before income taxes

   $ (7,744 )   $ 1,662     $ (9,406 )   (565.9 )%
                              

 

     Six Months Ended
June 30,
   Increase
(Decrease)
    %
Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2007     

Revenues:

         

Commissions

   $ 8,013     $ 8,720    $ (707 )   (8.1 )%

Corporate finance

     395       4,446      (4,051 )   (91.1 )

Investment income (loss)

     (12,074 )     2,556      (14,630 )   *  

Trading income

     2,552       1,711      841     49.2  

Interest and dividends

     27       71      (44 )   (62.0 )

Other

     57       172      (115 )   (66.9 )
                             

Total revenues

     (1,030 )     17,676      (18,706 )   (105.8 )

Expenses:

         

Commissions and salaries

     7,528       8,783      (1,255 )   (14.3 )

Underwriting expenses

     314       310      4     1.3  

Rent, telephone and quotation services

     589       617      (28 )   (4.5 )

Professional fees

     474       345      129     37.4  

Bad debt expense

     5       155      (150 )   (96.8 )

Travel and entertainment

     201       77      124     161.0  

Advertising and promotion

     115       85      30     35.3  

Settlement expense

     32       310      (278 )   (89.7 )

Depreciation and amortization

     57       56      1     1.8  

Other

     775       776      (1 )   (0.1 )
                             

Total expenses

     10,090       11,514      (1,424 )   (12.4 )
                             

Income (loss) before income taxes

   $ (11,120 )   $ 6,162    $ (17,282 )   (280.5 )%
                             

 

* Not meaningful.

Revenues

Commissions decreased 22.7% and 8.1%, respectively, in the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same periods of 2007, primarily as a result of poor market conditions. We had 89 registered representatives at June 30, 2008 compared to 95 at December 31, 2007.

We did not have any corporate finance income during the second quarter of 2008. The six-month period ended June 30, 2008 included underwriting discounts earned from the following:

 

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an initial public offering in which we raised $5.1 million for Healthy Fast Foods, Inc., as well as the Black-Scholes value of the underwriter warrants received in connection with that offering.

Corporate finance income of $3.5 million in the three-month period ended June 30, 2007 included underwriting discounts earned from the following:

 

   

an initial public offering in which we raised $14.0 million for Vaughan Foods Incorporated, as well as the Black-Scholes value of the underwriter warrants received in connection with that offering; and

 

   

one private offering during the second quarter of 2007 in which we raised $2.8 million for our client.

Corporate finance income in the six-month period ended June 30, 2007 also included underwriting discounts earned from the following:

 

   

an initial public offering in which we raised $9.8 million for Converted Organics Inc., as well as the Black-Scholes value of the underwriter warrants received in connection with that offering; and

 

   

one private transaction completed during the first quarter of 2007.

Investment income (loss) included the following (in thousands):

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2008     2007     2008     2007  

Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) related to underwriter warrants

   $ (4,753 )   $ 1,158     $ (11,607 )   $ 5,234  

Net unrealized depreciation of underwriter warrants – employee and independent contractor

     352       —         443       —    

Net unrealized depreciation of securities held based on quoted market prices or, for securities that are not readily marketable, our estimate of their fair value

     (196 )     (2,184 )     (1,536 )     (3,320 )

Net realized gains (losses) on the sale of securities with quoted market prices, securities that are not readily marketable and from the exercise of underwriter warrants

     (440 )     397       626       642  
                                
   $ (5,037 )   $ (629 )   $ (12,074 )   $ 2,556  
                                

We exercised zero and two underwriter warrants, respectively, in the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 compared to one in the same periods of 2007. Generally, when we exercise a warrant to obtain the underlying common stock, the common stock is subsequently sold in the near term and the related gain is reflected as a component of investment income.

Investment income (loss) is volatile from period to period due to the fact that it is driven by the market value or fair value of the securities and underwriter warrants held. In addition, the performance of the securities in which we have a concentration can significantly affect our investment income from period to period.

Trading income decreased $2.1 million and increased $0.8 million, respectively, in the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same periods of 2007. In the three-month period ended June 30, 2008, trading income was negatively affected by difficult conditions in the market. In the six-month period ended June 30, 2008 and the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2007, trading income was positively affected by favorable results for certain securities that we were holding in our trading inventories. Our focus is on very small capitalization issues, especially those tied to our corporate finance clients. Trading income (loss) can be volatile from period to period because it is driven by the market value of the securities in which we make a market.

 

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Expenses

Total expenses decreased $1.8 million and $1.4 million, respectively, in the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same periods of 2007, primarily due to decreases in commissions and salaries, bad debt expense and settlement expense as described in more detail below.

Commissions and salaries decreased $1.6 million and $1.3 million, respectively, in the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same periods of 2007. The decreases were primarily due to lower commissions earned on lower commission revenue and lower compensation as a result of fewer investment banking transactions. Retail commissions as a percentage of retail sales was comparable between the current year and prior year periods.

Bad debt expenses are recorded for specific amounts when they are determined by management to be uncollectible. Bad debt expense in the second quarter of 2007 included a $104,000 write-off of a loan to a potential corporate finance client.

Settlement expense of $16,000 and $32,000 in the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 was related to current legal matters that were resolved during the periods. Settlement expense of $230,000 in the three-month period ended June 30, 2007 primarily related to an accrual for $220,000 in connection with a legal claim that settled in July 2007. We do not expect insurance recovery on this claim. In addition, the $310,000 in the six-month period ended June 30, 2007 included a net $63,000 adjustment for open claims.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity include our cash and cash equivalents and receivables from our clearing organization, offset by payables to our clearing organization.

In addition, our sources of liquidity include our trading positions, investment positions, borrowings on those positions and profits realized upon the sale of the securities underlying underwriter warrants exercised. The liquidity of the market for many of our securities holdings, however, varies with trends in the stock market. Since many of the securities we hold are thinly traded, and we are, in many cases, a primary market maker in the issues held, any significant sales of our positions could adversely affect the liquidity of the issues held. In general, falling prices in NASDAQ securities (which make up most of our trading positions) lead to decreased liquidity in the market for these issues, while rising prices in NASDAQ issues tend to increase the liquidity of the market for these securities.

We believe our liquidity is sufficient to meet our needs for both the short and long-term horizon. However, our liquidity could be negatively affected by protracted unfavorable market conditions.

As a securities broker-dealer, we are required by SEC regulations to meet certain liquidity and capital standards. We believe we were in compliance with these standards at June 30, 2008.

Following the lapse of restrictions upon issuance, capital available from the sale of the underlying securities of underwriter warrants exercised can fluctuate significantly from period to period as the value of the underlying securities fluctuates with overall market and individual company financial condition or performance. There is no public market for the underwriter warrants. The securities receivable upon exercise of the underwriter warrants cannot be resold unless the issuer has registered these securities with the SEC and with the states in which the securities will be sold unless exemptions are available. Any delay or other problem in the registration of these securities would have an adverse impact upon our ability to obtain funds from the exercise of the underwriter warrants and the resale of the underlying securities.

At June 30, 2008, we owned 20 underwriter warrants from 19 issuers, all but two of which were exercisable. One of the warrants had an exercise price below the June 30, 2008 market price of the securities receivable upon exercise. The intrinsic value of this warrant was $0.7 million at June 30, 2008.

 

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There is little or no direct relationship between the intrinsic value of our underwriter warrants at the end of any given period and the fair value calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The prices of the securities underlying the underwriter warrants are very volatile, and substantial fluctuations in our estimate of their value can be expected in the future.

Cash provided by operating activities totaled $0.5 million in the six-month period ended June 30, 2008, primarily due to our net loss of $7.0 million being offset by net non-cash expense items of $6.0 million and changes in our operating assets and liabilities as discussed in more detail below.

Our net receivable from our clearing organization decreased $1.5 million to $7.7 million at June 30, 2008 from $9.2 million at December 31, 2007, primarily due to the results of the activity in our trading and investment accounts, as well as the timing of general corporate expenditures.

Notes and other receivables decreased $0.9 million to $0.7 million at June 30, 2008 from $1.6 million at December 31, 2007, due to repayment of a $1.1 million note from one of our corporate finance clients, partially offset by amounts loaned to a different corporate finance client.

Deferred income tax assets increased $4.7 million to $2.9 million at June 30, 2008 from a liability of $1.8 million at December 31, 2007, primarily due to the decrease in the value of our underwriter warrants, as well as unrealized losses on our investment securities.

Changes in our trading and investment securities are dependent on the purchase and sale of securities during the period, as well as changes in their fair market values during the period.

A roll-forward of the value of our underwriter warrants was as follows (in thousands):

 

Balance, December 31, 2007

   $ 16,373  

Fair value of warrants received

     462  

Net unrealized loss on value of warrants

     (10,810 )

Value of warrants exercised or expired

     (797 )
        

Balance, June 30, 2008

   $ 5,228  
        

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities decreased $1.9 million to $1.3 million at June 30, 2008 from $3.2 million at December 31, 2007, primarily due to a decrease in amounts payable to certain employees as a result of a decrease in the market value of stock related to the exercise of underwriter warrants, as well as less commissions payable due to reduced commissions revenue.

Deferred revenue of $0.3 million at June 30, 2008 related to amounts received from our clearing firm based on the execution of a five-year agreement, and is being amortized at the rate of $8,333 per month through September 2011.

Underwriter warrants – employee and independent contractor of $0.2 million at June 30, 2008 represented the estimated fair value of underwriter warrants held for which the gain from the sale of the related stock upon exercise is due to certain employees.

In September 2001, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program pursuant to which we are authorized to repurchase up to 600,000 shares of our common stock. In addition, in June 2008, our Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to a total of an additional 200,000 shares of our common stock. During the six-month period ended June 30, 2008, we repurchased a total of 95,000 shares for $482,000 and, at June 30, 2008, 256,876 shares remained available for repurchase. These repurchase programs do not have an expiration date.

 

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not required for smaller reporting companies.

 

Item 4T. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our President and our Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or Rule 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Based on that evaluation, our President and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner, and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our President and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

We repurchased the following shares of our common stock during the second quarter of 2008:

 

     Total number
of shares
purchased
   Average
price paid
per share
   Total number of
shares purchased
as part of publicly
announced plan
   Maximum number
of shares that may
yet be purchased
under the plan
 

April 1 to April 30

   25,000    $ 5.10    503,124    96,876  

May 1 to May 31

   40,000    $ 4.96    543,124    56,876  

June 1 to June 30

   —        —      —      256,876 (1)
             

Total

   65,000    $ 5.01    543,124    256,876  
             

 

(1) A plan to repurchase up to a total of 600,000 shares of our common stock was approved by our Board of Directors in September 2001 and does not have an expiration date. In addition, in June 2008, our Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to a total of an additional 200,000 shares of our common stock. This authorization also does not have an expiration date.

 

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

Our annual meeting of the shareholders was held on June 12, 2008. The following action was approved:

 

  1. To elect the following persons to serve as directors of Paulson Capital Corp. until the next annual meeting of shareholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualified:

 

Name

   Number of Shares
Voting For
   Number of Shares
Withheld Voting

Chester L. F. Paulson

   5,813,982    23,946

Jacqueline M. Paulson

   5,813,982    23,946

Denis R. Burger, Ph.D.

   5,813,982    23,946

Steve H. Kleemann

   5,813,982    23,946

Charles Paulson

   5,813,982    23,946

Shannon P. Pratt, Ph.D.

   5,813,982    23,946

Paul F. Shoen

   5,813,982    23,946

 

Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed herewith and this list is intended to constitute the exhibit index:

 

31.1    Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32.1    Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
32.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

Date: August 14, 2008     PAULSON CAPITAL CORP.
      By    /s/ CHESTER L. F. PAULSON
     

Chester L. F. Paulson

President and Chief Executive Officer

Principal Executive Officer

   
      By    /s/ KAREN L. JOHANNES
     

Karen L. Johannes

Chief Financial Officer

Principal Financial Officer

 

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