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Acquisitions
3 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2015
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Mergers, Acquisitions and Dispositions Disclosures [Text Block]
3. Acquisitions

Martin Currie (Holdings) Limited
On October 1, 2014, Legg Mason acquired all outstanding equity interests of Martin Currie (Holdings) Limited ("Martin Currie"), an international equity specialist based in the United Kingdom. The acquisition required an initial payment of $202,577 (using the foreign exchange rate as of October 1, 2014 for the £125,000 contract amount), which was funded from existing cash. In addition, contingent consideration payments may be due March 31 following the first, second and third anniversaries of closing, aggregating up to approximately $511,445 (using the foreign exchange rate as of June 30, 2015 for the maximum £325,000 contract amount), inclusive of the payment of certain potential pension and other obligations, and dependent on the achievement of certain financial metrics, as specified in the share purchase agreement, at March 31, 2016, 2017, and 2018. The Contingent consideration liability established at closing had an acquisition date fair value of $75,211 (using the foreign exchange rate as of October 1, 2014). Actual payments to be made may also include amounts for certain potential pension and other obligations that are accounted for separately. As of June 30, 2015, the fair value of the Contingent consideration liability was $73,930, an increase of $3,816 from March 31, 2015, all of which is attributable to changes in the exchange rate, which is included in Accumulated other comprehensive income as Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of accretion. Of the $73,930, $11,082 relates to the first anniversary payment and is included in current Contingent consideration in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, with the remainder included in non-current Contingent consideration in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2015. The Contingent consideration liability is recorded at an entity with a British pound functional currency, such that related changes in the exchange rate do not impact net income.
 
A summary of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, after certain measurement period adjustments, are as follows:
Purchase price
 
 
     Cash
 
$
202,577

     Contingent consideration
 
75,211

Total Consideration
 
277,788

Identifiable assets and liabilities
 
 
     Cash
 
29,389

     Indefinite-life intangible fund management contracts
 
135,321

     Amortizable intangible asset management contracts
 
15,234

Indefinite-life trade name
 
7,130

Fixed assets
 
784

     Liabilities, net
 
(4,388
)
Pension liability
 
(32,433
)
Deferred tax liabilities
 
(31,537
)
Total identifiable assets and liabilities
 
119,500

Goodwill
 
$
158,288



The fair value of the amortizable intangible asset management contracts asset is being amortized over a period of 12 years. Goodwill is principally attributable to synergies expected to arise with Martin Currie. These acquired intangible assets and goodwill are not deductible for U.K. tax purposes.

Management estimated the fair values of the indefinite-life intangible fund management contracts, indefinite-life trade name, and amortizable intangible asset management contracts based upon discounted cash flow analyses, using unobservable market data inputs, which are Level 3 measurements. The significant assumptions used in these analyses at acquisition, including projected annual cash flows, projected assets under management ("AUM") growth rates and discount rates, are summarized as follows:
 
 
Projected Cash Flow Growth
 
Discount Rate
Indefinite-life intangible fund management contracts and indefinite-life trade name
 
0% to 25% (weighted-average - 11%)
 
15.0%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected AUM Growth / (Attrition)
 
Discount Rate
Amortizable intangible asset management contracts
 
6% / (17)%
 
15.0%


The fair value of the contingent consideration was measured using Monte Carlo simulation with various unobservable market data inputs, which are Level 3 measurements. The simulation considered variables, including AUM growth, performance fee levels and relevant product performance. Projected AUM, performance fees and earn-out payments were discounted as appropriate. A summary of various assumption values follows:
AUM growth rates
 
0% to 28% (weighted-average - 14%)
Performance fee growth rates
 
0% to 30% (weighted-average - 15%)
Discount rates:
 
 
   Projected AUM
 
13.0%
   Projected performance fees
 
15.0%
   Earn-out payments
 
1.3%
AUM volatility
 
18.8%


Significant increases (decreases) in projected AUM or performance fees would result in a significantly higher (lower) Contingent consideration liability fair value.

The Company has not presented pro forma combined results of operations for this acquisition because the results of operations as reported in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income would not have been materially different. The financial results of Martin Currie included in Legg Mason's consolidated financial results for the three months ended June 30, 2015, include revenues of $13,937 and did not have a material impact on Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.

Martin Currie Defined Benefit Pension Plan
Martin Currie sponsors a retirement and death benefits plan, a defined benefit pension plan with assets held in a separate trustee-administered fund. Plan assets are measured at fair value and comprised of 60% equities (Level 1) and 40% bonds (Level 2) as of June 30, 2015 and 58% equities (Level 1) and 42% bonds (Level 2) as of March 31, 2015. Assumptions used to determine the expected return on plan assets targets a 55% / 45% equity/bond allocation with reference to the 15-year FTSE U.K. Gilt yield for equities and U.K. long-dated bond yields for bonds. Plan liabilities are measured on an actuarial basis using the projected unit method and discounted at a rate equivalent to the current rate on a high quality bond in the local U.K. market and currency. As of June 30, 2015, there were no significant concentrations of risk in plan assets. The most recent actuarial valuation was performed as of May 31, 2013, which was updated through the acquisition and balance sheet dates. Accrual of service credit under the plan ceased on October 3, 2014.

The resulting net benefit obligation, comprised as follows, is included in the June 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015 Consolidated Balance Sheet as Other non-current liabilities:
 
 
June 30, 2015
 
March 31, 2015
Fair value of plan assets (at 5.2 % and 6.3%, respectively, expected weighted-average long-term return)
 
$
61,599

 
$
59,404

Benefit obligation (at 3.8% and 3.3%, respectively, discount rate)
 
(98,938
)
 
(98,110
)
Unfunded status (excess of benefit obligation over plan assets)
 
$
(37,339
)
 
$
(38,706
)

 
 

For the quarter ended June 30, 2015, a net periodic benefit loss of $26 was included in Compensation and benefits expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Net actuarial gains of $1,068 were included in Accumulated other comprehensive income in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2015.

The contingent consideration payments are expected to provide some, if not all, funding of the net plan benefit obligation, through a provision requiring certain amounts to be paid to the plan. Any contingent consideration payments to the plan are based on determination of the plan benefit obligation under local technical provisions utilized by the plan trustees. Absent any such funding or any regulatory requirement, Martin Currie does not expect to contribute any additional amounts in fiscal 2016 to the plan in excess of the $2,361 contributed during the three months ended June 30, 2015.
 
 

The contingent consideration provisions of the share purchase agreement also require a designated percentage of the earn-out payments, net of any pension contribution, to be allocated to fund an incentive plan for Martin Currie's management. No payments to employees under the arrangement will be made until the end of the earn-out period. The estimated payment (adjusted quarterly) is being amortized over the earn-out term.

QS Investors, LLC
Effective May 31, 2014, Legg Mason acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of QS Investors Holdings, LLC ("QS Investors"), a customized solutions and global quantitative equities provider. The initial purchase price was a cash payment of $11,000, funded from existing cash. In addition, contingent consideration of up to $10,000 and $20,000 for the second and fourth anniversary payments may be due in July 2016 and July 2018, respectively, dependent on the achievement of certain net revenue targets, and subject to a potential catch-up adjustment in the fourth anniversary payment for any second anniversary payment shortfall. The Contingent consideration liability established at closing had an acquisition date fair value of $13,370. The Contingent consideration liability is included in non-current Contingent consideration in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and has accreted to $13,608 as of June 30, 2015, from $13,553 as of March 31, 2015.

A summary of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, after certain measurement period adjustments, are as follows:
Purchase price
 
 
     Cash
 
$
11,000

     Contingent consideration
 
13,370

Total Consideration
 
24,370

Identifiable assets and liabilities
 
 
     Cash
 
441

Investments
 
3,281

     Receivables
 
2,699

     Amortizable intangible asset management contracts
 
7,060

Fixed assets
 
599

Liabilities, net
 
(6,620
)
Total identifiable assets and liabilities
 
7,460

Goodwill
 
$
16,910


The fair value of the amortizable intangible asset management contracts had a useful life of 10 years at acquisition. Purchase price allocated to goodwill is expected to be deductible for U.S. tax purposes over a period of 15 years.

Management estimated the fair values of the amortizable intangible asset management contracts based upon a discounted cash flow analysis, and the contingent consideration expected to be paid and discounted, based upon probability-weighted revenue projections, using unobservable market data inputs, which are Level 3 measurements. The significant assumptions used in these analyses at acquisition including projected annual cash flows, revenues and discount rates, are summarized as follows:

 
 
Projected Cash Flow Attrition, Net
 
Discount Rate
Amortizable intangible asset management contracts
 
(10)%
 
15.0%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Revenue Growth Rates
 
Discount Rates
Contingent consideration
 
0% to 10% (weighted-average - 6%)
 
1.2% / 2.1%


Goodwill is principally attributable to synergies expected to arise with QS Investors.

The Company has not presented pro forma combined results of operations for this acquisition because the results of operations as reported in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income would not have been materially different. The financial results of QS Investors included in Legg Mason's consolidated financial results for the three months ended June 30, 2014 were not significant.
 

Fauchier Partners Management, Limited
On March 13, 2013, The Permal Group Ltd. ("Permal"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, acquired all of the outstanding share capital of Fauchier Partners Management, Limited ("Fauchier"), a European based manager of funds-of-hedge funds. The initial purchase price was a cash payment of $63,433, which was funded from existing cash resources. In May 2015, Legg Mason paid contingent consideration of $22,765 (using the exchange rate as of May 5, 2015 for the maximum £15,000 payment amount) for the second anniversary payment. Additional contingent consideration of up to approximately $31,000 (using the exchange rate as of June 30, 2015 for the £20,000 maximum contract amount), may be due on or about the fourth anniversary of closing, dependent on achieving certain levels of revenue, net of distribution costs. As of June 30, 2015, the fair value of the related Contingent consideration liability was $5,206, which is included in non-current Contingent consideration in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The decrease of $21,911 from March 31, 2015, reflects the payment discussed above, offset in part by changes in the exchange rate, net of accretion. Legg Mason has executed currency forwards to economically hedge the risk of movements in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the British pound in which the estimated contingent liability payment amounts are denominated. See Note 11 for additional information regarding derivatives and hedging.

A summary of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are as follows:
Purchase price
 
 
     Cash
 
$
63,433

     Contingent consideration
 
21,566

Total Consideration
 
84,999

Identifiable assets and liabilities
 
 
     Cash
 
8,156

Receivables
 
12,174

     Amortizable intangible asset management contracts
 
2,865

     Indefinite-life intangible fund management contracts
 
65,126

Other current liabilities, net
 
(16,667
)
     Deferred tax liability
 
(15,638
)
Total identifiable assets and liabilities
 
56,016

Goodwill
 
$
28,983



The fair value of the amortizable intangible asset management contracts is being amortized over a period of six years. These acquired intangible assets and goodwill are not deductible for U.K. tax purposes.

Management estimated the fair values of the indefinite-life intangible fund management contracts based upon discounted cash flow analyses, and the contingent consideration expected to be paid based upon probability-weighted revenue projections, using unobservable market data inputs, which are Level 3 measurements. As is typical with the acquisition of a portion of a business from a larger financial services firm with other related operations, Legg Mason expected some initial contraction in the acquired business. The significant assumptions used in these analyses at acquisition, including projected annual cash flows, revenues and discount rates, are summarized as follows:

 
 
Projected Cash Flow Growth Rates
 
Discount Rate
Indefinite-life intangible fund management contracts
 
(35)% to 11% (weighted-average - 6% )
 
16.0%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Revenue Growth Rates
 
 
Contingent consideration
 
(16)% to 3% (weighted-average - (5)%)
 
2.0%


The contingent consideration estimate was revised as of March 31, 2014, to consider the higher level of Fauchier performance fees through March 31, 2014, and included various scenarios with net revenue growth rates ranging from 0% to 8% (weighted-average 2%) and a discount rate of 2.7%.