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Share-Based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Share-Based Compensation
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Share-Based Plans
Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan (the "Omnibus Plan") – In 1989, the Board adopted the Omnibus Plan, which allows for the grant of both incentive and non-statutory ("nonqualified") stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, performance units, and performance shares to certain key employees.
Since the inception of the Omnibus Plan through the end of 2008, certain key employees were granted nonqualified stock options. The option exercise price is set at the fair value of the Company's common stock on the grant date. The fair value is defined as the average of the high and low stock price on the grant date. All options have a term of ten years from the grant date, include reload features, and are non-transferable except to immediate family members, family trusts, or partnerships.
Since 2008, the Company grants restricted stock awards instead of nonqualified stock options to certain key employees. Both stock options and restricted stock awards vest over three years with 50% vesting after two years from the grant date and the remaining 50% vesting three years after the grant date provided the employee remains employed by the Company during this period (subject to accelerated vesting in the event of change-in-control or upon certain terminations of employment, as set forth in the applicable award agreement).
Nonemployee Directors Stock Plan (the "Directors Plan") – In 1997, the Board adopted the Directors Plan, which provides for the grant of equity awards to non-management Board members. Until 2008, only non-qualified stock options were issued under the Directors Plan. The exercise price of the options is equal to the fair value of the Company's common stock on the grant date. All options have a term of 10 years from the grant date.
In 2008, the Company amended the Directors Plan to allow for the grant of restricted stock awards. The awards are restricted to transfer, but are not restricted to dividend payment and voting rights. Both the options and the awards vest one year from the grant date subject to accelerated vesting in the event of retirement, death, disability, or change-in-control, as defined in the Directors Plan.
Both the Omnibus Plan and the Directors Plan, and material amendments, were submitted to and approved by the stockholders of the Company. The Company issues treasury shares to satisfy stock option exercises and restricted stock award releases.
Shares of Common Stock Available Under Share-Based Plans
 
 
December 31, 2013
 
 
Shares
Authorized
 
Shares Available
For Grant
Omnibus Plan
 
8,631,641

 
2,254,022

Directors Plan
 
481,250

 
66,634


Salary Stock Awards – The Company also periodically issues salary stock awards to certain executive officers. This stock is fully vested as of the grant date. The issuance of salary stock awards is included in share-based compensation expense, but does not reduce the number of shares issued and outstanding under the Omnibus Plan as the issuance is not considered part of the share-based plans referenced above.
Salary Stock Awards Granted
 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Shares granted
 
8,693

 
10,983

 
45,889

Weighted-average price
 
$
14.30

 
$
11.51

 
$
10.10


Stock Options
Nonqualified Stock Option Transactions
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
 
Number of Options
 
Weighted Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (1)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value (2)
Options outstanding beginning balance
 
1,718

 
$
32.42

 
 
 
 

Expired
 
(282
)
 
29.49

 
 
 
 

Options outstanding ending balance
 
1,436

 
$
32.99

 
2.24
 
$
230

Exercisable at the end of the year
 
1,436

 
$
32.99

 
2.24
 
$
230


(1) 
Represents the average remaining contractual life in years.
(2) 
Aggregate intrinsic value represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value that would have been received by the option holders if they had exercised their options on December 31, 2013. Intrinsic value equals the difference between the Company's average of the high and low stock price on the last trading day of the year and the option exercise price, multiplied by the number of shares. This amount will fluctuate with changes in the fair value of the Company's common stock.
Stock Option Valuation Assumptions – The Company estimates the fair value of stock options at the grant date using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model that utilizes the assumptions outlined in the following table. No stock options were granted during the years ended December 31, 2013 or 2012. An immaterial amount of stock options were granted during the year ended December 31, 2011.
No stock options were exercised and no stock option award modifications were made during the three years ended December 31, 2013.
Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units
Restricted Stock Transactions
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
 
Restricted Stock Awards
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
 
Number of
Shares/Units
 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Number of
Shares/Units
 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Non-vested awards beginning balance
 
1,087

 
$
11.87

 
62

 
$
11.69

Granted
 
428

 
13.01

 
159

 
13.01

Vested
 
(378
)
 
12.50

 
(8
)
 
12.50

Forfeited
 
(90
)
 
12.06

 
(10
)
 
12.06

Non-vested awards ending balance
 
1,047

 
$
12.10

 
203

 
$
12.68



Other Restricted Stock Award/Unit Information
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Weighted-average grant date fair value of restricted stock awards/units
  granted during the year
 
$
13.01

 
$
11.35

 
$
12.08

Total fair value of restricted stock awards/unit vested during the year
 
4,917

 
4,921

 
4,268

Income tax benefit realized from the vesting/release of restricted stock awards/units
 
1,966

 
1,884

 
1,828


No restricted stock awards/unit modifications were made during the periods presented.
Compensation Expense
The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense based on the estimated fair value of the option or award at the grant or modification date. Share-based compensation expense is included in salaries and wages in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Effect of Recording Share-Based Compensation Expense
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Restricted stock award/unit expense
 
$
5,779

 
$
5,877

 
$
5,607

Salary stock award expense
 
124

 
127

 
464

Stock option expense
 

 

 
291

Total share-based compensation expense
 
5,903

 
6,004

 
6,362

Income tax benefit
 
2,414

 
2,456

 
2,602

Share-based compensation expense, net of tax
 
$
3,489

 
$
3,548

 
$
3,760

Unrecognized compensation expense
 
$
6,327

 
$
5,674

 
$
4,784

Weighted-average amortization period remaining (in years)
 
1.2

 
1.1

 
1.0