7. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and intangible assets consisted of the following at December 31:

	2017						2016
(in thousands)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Goodwill
T&D	$	40,224	$	—	$	40,224	$	40,224	$	—	$	40,224
C&I		6,770		—		6,770		6,557		—		6,557
Total goodwill	$	46,994	$	—	$	46,994	$	46,781	$	—	$	46,781
Amortizable Intangible Assets
Backlog	$	989	$	989	$	—	$	989	$	989	$	—
Customer relationships		5,277		4,069		1,208		5,266		3,590		1,676
Trade names		695		125		570		695		79		616
Unallocated intangible assets		—		—		—		744		26		718
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets
Trade names		9,074		—		9,074		8,556		—		8,556
Total Intangible assets	$	16,035	$	5,183	$	10,852	$	16,250	$	4,684	$	11,566

The increase in goodwill and as of December 31, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016 was due to the allocation of $0.2 million of goodwill related to the WPE acquisition identified during the finalization of the WPE purchase price accounting. Intangible assets related to the WPE acquisition and are being amortized based on a straight line basis over periods ranging up to 12.5 years. Additional financial information related to this acquisition is provided in Note 2 — Acquisitions to the Financial Statements. Immaterial foreign currency translation adjustments related to goodwill and intangible assets are netted with the amounts indicated above.

Customer relationships and backlog are being amortized on a straight-line method over an estimated useful life of approximately 12 years and the remaining life of the contract, respectively, and have been determined to have no residual value. Amortizable trade names are being amortized on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life of approximately 15 years. Infinite-lived trade names have been determined to have indefinite lives and, therefore, are not being amortized. Intangible asset amortization expense was $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 and $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2015.

As of December 31, 2017 estimated future intangible asset amortization expense for the each of the next five years and thereafter was as follows:

(In thousands)	Future Amortization Expense
2018	$	443
2019		137
2020		137
2021		137
2022		137
Thereafter		787
Total	$	1,778

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the aggregate amount of goodwill and a description of intangible assets, which may include (a) for amortizable intangible assets (also referred to as finite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, the amount of any significant residual value, and the weighted-average amortization period, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization (also referred to as indefinite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, and (c) the amount of research and development assets acquired and written off in the period, including the line item in the income statement in which the amounts written off are aggregated, if not readily apparent from the income statement. Also discloses (a) for amortizable intangibles assets in total and by major class, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization, the total amortization expense for the period, and the estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization the carrying amount in total and by major class, and (c) for goodwill, in total and for each reportable segment, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the period (including the aggregate amount of goodwill acquired, the aggregate amount of impairment losses recognized, and the amount of goodwill included in the gain (loss) on disposal of a reporting unit). If any part of goodwill has not been allocated to a reportable segment, discloses the unallocated amount and the reasons for not allocating. For each impairment loss recognized related to an intangible asset (excluding goodwill), discloses: (a) a description of the impaired intangible asset and the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method for determining fair value, (c) the caption in the income statement or the statement of activities in which the impairment loss is aggregated, and (d) the segment in which the impaired intangible asset is reported. For each goodwill impairment loss recognized, discloses: (a) a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method of determining the fair value of the associated reporting unit, and (c) if a recognized impairment loss is an estimate not finalized and the reasons why the estimate is not final. May also disclose the nature and amount of any significant adjustments made to a previous estimate of an impairment loss.

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