Note 11 - Share Based Compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 30, 2023

Notes to Financial Statements

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]

11.    SHARE BASED COMPENSATION

At December 30, 2023, the Company had two share-based employee compensation plans, the Employee Stock Purchase Plan and the 2014 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan.

The Company measures the fair value of share-based awards, if and when granted, based on the Black-Scholes method and using the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Awards typically vest over periods ranging from one to five years and expire within 10 years of issuance. The Company may also issue immediately vested equity awards. Share-based compensation expense related to time-based awards is amortized in accordance with applicable vesting periods using the straight-line method. The Company expenses performance-based awards only when the performance metrics are likely to be achieved and the associated awards are therefore likely to vest. Performance-based share awards that are likely to vest are also expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period but may vest on a retroactive basis or be reversed, depending on when it is determined that they are likely to vest, or in the case of a reversal when they are later determined to be unlikely to vest or forfeited. Discussion of share and share-based awards herein references awards of shares and share units.

Share-based compensation expense of $2.1 million, $1.6 million, and $1.4 million was recognized for the fiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022, respectively. Share-based compensation for performance-based equity agreements were $0.7 million, $0.8 million and $0.4 million for the fiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022, respectively. As of December 30, 2023, there were 100,000 performance-based restricted stock awards outstanding. Share-based compensation expense is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the Company’s statement of operations.

As of December 30, 2023, the Company had $3.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, with nearly all of the unrecognized compensation cost related to time-based non-vested share-based awards outstanding. The Company expects to recognize the expense associated with time-based non-vested share-based awards through fiscal 2027.  These amounts do not include a) the cost of any additional share-based awards granted after December 30, 2023 or b) the impact of any potential changes in the Company’s forfeiture rate.

Incentive Share-Based Plans

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company implemented the 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”) with shareholder approval, effective January 1, 2001. Under the Purchase Plan, employees meeting certain specific employment qualifications are eligible to participate and can purchase shares of common stock semi-annually through payroll deductions at the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the stock at the commencement or end of the offering period. The purchase plan permits eligible employees to purchase shares of common stock through payroll deductions for up to 10% of qualified compensation, subject to maximum purchases in any one fiscal year of 3,000 shares.

In fiscal 2015, the Company amended the Purchase Plan with shareholder approval to increase the aggregate number of shares of stock reserved for issuance or transfer under the Purchase Plan by an additional 300,000 shares so that the total number of shares of stock reserved for issuance or transfer under the Plan shall be 1,100,000 shares and to extend the expiration date of the Purchase Plan to December 31, 2025. In fiscal 2018, the Company amended the Purchase Plan with shareholder approval to increase the aggregate number of shares of stock reserved for issuance or transfer under the Purchase Plan by an additional 300,000 shares so that the total number of shares of stock reserved for issuance or transfer under the Plan shall be 1,400,000 shares. In fiscal 2021, the Company amended the Purchase Plan with shareholder approval to increase the aggregate number of shares of stock reserved for issuance or transfer under the Purchase Plan by an additional 400,000 shares so that the total number of shares of stock reserved for issuance or transfer under the Plan shall be 1,800,000 shares and the termination date of the Purchase Plan was extended to December 31, 2030.

The Company has two offering periods in the Purchase Plan coinciding with the Company’s first two fiscal quarters and the last two fiscal quarters. Actual shares are issued on the first business day of the subsequent offering period for the prior offering period payroll deductions. During the fiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022, there were 66,501, 83,879 and 101,784 shares issued under the Purchase Plan for net proceeds of $0.7 million, $0.4 million and $0.1 million, respectively. As of December 30, 2023, there were 297,730 shares available for issuance under the Purchase Plan. Compensation expense, representing the discount to the quoted market price, for the Purchase Plan for the fiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022 was $0.3 million, $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

2014 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan (the 2014 Plan)

The 2014 Plan, approved by the Company’s shareholders in December 2014, initially provided for the issuance of up to 625,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to officers, non-employee directors, employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, or consultants and advisors utilized by the Company.  In fiscal 2016, fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2022, the Company amended, or amended and restated, the 2014 Plan with shareholder approval to increase the aggregate number of shares of stock reserved for issuance under the Plan by an additional 500,000, 850,000 and 1,000,000 shares, respectively, so that the total number of shares of stock reserved for issuance under the Plan is 2,975,000 shares.  The expiration date of the Plan is December 17, 2030, unless the 2014 Plan is terminated earlier by the Board or is extended by the Board with the approval of the stockholders.  The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors determines the vesting period at the time of grant.

All stock awards typically include dividend accrual equivalents, which means that any dividends paid by the Company during the vesting period become due and payable after the vesting period assuming the grantee’s stock award fully vests. Dividends for these grants are accrued on the dividend payment dates and included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. As of December 30, 2023, there were no accrued dividends. Dividends for stock awards that ultimately do not vest are forfeited.

As of December 30, 2023, under the 2014 Plan, 376,618 time-based shares were outstanding, 100,000 performance-based restricted stock awards were outstanding and 603,044 shares were available for awards thereunder.

The intrinsic value of all equity grants for the fiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022 was $13.8 million, $3.5 million and $2.9 million, respectively. These amounts are based on the equity price on the last trading day in the period presented.

Time-Based Restricted Stock Awards

From time-to-time the Company issues time-based restricted stock awards. The following summarizes the activity in the time-based restricted stock awards under the 2014 Plan during the fiscal year ended December 30, 2023:

	Number of Time-Based Restricted Stock Awards			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding non-vested at January 1, 2022		420,628		$	2.69
Granted		56,500		$	8.07
Vested		(136,931	)	$	3.46
Forfeited or expired		(65,258	)	$	1.95
Outstanding non-vested at December 31, 2022		274,939		$	3.59
Granted		293,978		$	13.23
Vested		(181,197	)	$	2.83
Forfeited or expired		(11,102	)	$	2.23
Outstanding non-vested at December 30, 2023		376,618		$	11.53

Based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock of $29.04 per share on December 29, 2023 (the last trading day prior to December 30, 2023), the intrinsic value of the time-based non-vested restricted stock awards at December 30, 2023 was approximately $10.9 million. As of December 30, 2023, there was approximately $3.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to time-based restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over the average weighted remaining vesting period of the restricted stock awards through fiscal 2028.

Performance-Based Restricted Stock Awards

From time-to-time the Company issues performance-based restricted stock awards to its executives.  Performance-based restricted stock awards are typically vested based on certain multi-year performance metrics as determined by the Board of Directors Compensation Committee.

The following summarizes the activity in the performance-based restricted stock awards during the fiscal year ended December 30, 2023:

	Number of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Awards			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding non-vested at January 1, 2022		125,000		$	3.26
Granted		225,000		$	8.73
Vested		(125,000	)	$	3.26
Forfeited or expired		-			-
Outstanding non-vested at December 31, 2022		225,000		$	8.73
Granted		-			-
Vested		(125,000	)	$	6.15
Forfeited or expired		-			-
Outstanding non-vested at December 30, 2023		100,000		$	11.96

As of December 30, 2023, there was one outstanding grant for performance-based restricted stock awards issued to Bradley Vizi, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. In December 2022, the Company issued a performance-based restricted stock unit grant of 100,000 shares, subject to increase up to 125,000 shares, based on fiscal 2023 performance (the “2023 Grant”). The Company has not made a determination as to how many shares it expects to issue under the 2023 Grant.

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether achievement of any performance condition is probable and recognizes the expense when achievement of the performance condition becomes probable.  The Company will then recognize the appropriate expense cumulatively in the year performance becomes probable and recognize the remaining compensation cost over the remaining requisite service period. If at a later measurement date, the Company determines that performance-based restricted stock awards deemed as likely to vest are deemed as unlikely to vest, the expense recognized will be reversed. 

Share-based compensation for performance-based equity agreement was $0.7 million, $0.8 million and $0.4 million for the fiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022, respectively. 

During the fiscal year ended December 30, 2023, the Company awarded 4,762 immediately vested share awards at an average price of $10.50. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, the Company awarded 1,000 immediately vested share awards at an average price of $18.48. During the fiscal year ended January 1, 2022, the Company awarded 125,000 immediately vested share awards at an average price of $2.17.

	Number of Restricted Stock Awards			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding non-vested at January 2, 2021		709,805		$	1.92
Granted – time-based vesting		163,005		$	3.81
Granted – performance-based vesting		125,000		$	3.26
Vested		(452,182	)	$	1.89
Forfeited or expired		-			-
Outstanding non-vested at January 1, 2022		545,628		$	2.82
Granted – time-based vesting		56,500		$	8.07
Granted – performance-based vesting		100,000		$	11.96
Vested		(136,931	)	$	3.46
Forfeited or expired		(65,258	)	$	1.95
Outstanding non-vested at December 31, 2022		499,939		$	5.91
Granted – time-based vesting		293,978		$	13.23
Granted – performance-based vesting		-			-
Vested		(306,197	)	$	4.18
Forfeited or expired		(11,102	)	$	2.23
Outstanding non-vested at December 30, 2023		476,618		$	11.62

Based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock of $29.04 per share on December 29, 2023, the intrinsic value of all outstanding unvested equity awards at December 30, 2023 was $13.8 million.