Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Business

Nature of Business:

Napco Security Technologies, Inc. (“NAPCO”, “the Company”, “we”) is one of the leading manufacturers and designers of high-tech electronic security devices, wireless communication services for intrusion and fire alarm systems as well as a leading provider of school safety solutions. We offer a diversified array of security products, encompassing access control systems, door-locking products, intrusion and fire alarm systems and video surveillance products. These products are used for commercial, residential, institutional, industrial and governmental applications, and are sold worldwide principally to independent distributors, dealers and installers of security equipment. We have experienced significant growth in recent years, primarily driven by fast growing recurring service revenues generated from wireless communication services for intrusion and fire alarm systems, as well as our school security products that are designed to meet the increasing needs to enhance school security as a result of on-campus shooting and violence in the U.S. While recurring service revenues have continued to increase during the COVID-19 pandemic, equipment sales were negatively impacted by the economic slowdown associated with this pandemic.

The Company's fiscal year begins on July 1 and ends on June 30. Historically, the end users of the Company’s products want to install its products prior to the summer; therefore sales of its products historically peak in the period April 1 through June 30, the Company's fiscal fourth quarter, and are reduced in the period July 1 through September 30, the Company's fiscal first quarter. In addition, demand for our products is affected by the housing and construction markets. Deterioration of the current economic conditions may also affect this trend.

Our fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 and the first three quarters of fiscal 2021 reflected the challenging business environment resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused difficulties for security equipment professionals getting access to both commercial and residential installation sites. We sell our products primarily through distribution to dealers and we are now seeing strong sell-through statistics from several of our largest distributors.

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Napco Security Technologies, Inc. and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Accounting Estimates

Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent gains and losses at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Critical estimates include management's judgments associated with reserves for sales returns and allowances, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves, valuation of intangible assets and income taxes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the following classes of financial instruments were: Current Assets and Current Liabilities - The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, current receivables and payables and certain other short-term financial instruments approximate their fair value as of March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2020 due to their short-term maturities. Long-term debt and lease liabilities approximate fair value based on prevailing market rates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include approximately $63,000 of short-term time deposits at March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2020. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company has cash balances in banks in excess of the maximum amount insured by the FDIC and other international agencies as of March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2020. The Company has not historically experienced any credit losses with balances in excess of FDIC limits.

Marketable Securities

Marketable Securities

The Company’s marketable securities include investments in mutual funds, which invest primarily in various government and corporate obligations, stocks and money market funds. The Company’s marketable securities are reported at fair value with the related unrealized and realized gains and losses included in other expense (income). Realized gains or losses on mutual funds are determined on a specific identification basis. The Company evaluates its investments periodically for possible other-than-temporary impairment by reviewing factors such as the length of time and extent to which fair value had been below cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer and the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time, which may be sufficient for anticipated recovery of market value. The Company records an impairment charge to the extent that the cost of the available-for-sale securities exceeds the estimated fair value of the securities and the decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, the Company did not record an impairment charge regarding its investment in marketable securities because management believes, based on its evaluation of the circumstances, that the decline in fair value below the cost of certain of the Company’s marketable securities is temporary.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable is stated net of the reserves for doubtful accounts of $196,000 as of March 31, 2021 and $326,000 as of June 30, 2020. Our reserves for doubtful accounts are subjective critical estimates that have a direct impact on reported net earnings. These reserves are based upon the evaluation of our accounts receivable aging, specific exposures, sales levels and historical trends.

Inventories

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost being determined on the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. The reported net value of inventory includes finished saleable products, work-in-process and raw materials that will be sold or used in future periods. Inventory costs include raw materials, direct labor and overhead. The Company’s overhead expenses are applied based, in part, upon estimates of the proportion of those expenses that are related to procuring and storing raw materials as compared to the manufacture and assembly of finished products. These proportions, the method of their application, and the resulting overhead included in ending inventory, are based in part on subjective estimates and actual results could differ from those estimates.

In addition, the Company records an inventory obsolescence reserve, which represents any excess of the cost of the inventory over its estimated realizable value, based on various product sales projections. This reserve is calculated using an estimated obsolescence percentage applied to the inventory based on age, historical trends, requirements to support forecasted sales, and the ability to find alternate applications of its raw materials and to convert finished product into alternate versions of the same product to better match customer demand. In addition, and as necessary, the Company may establish specific reserves for future known or anticipated events. There is inherent professional judgment and subjectivity made by both production and engineering members of management in determining the estimated obsolescence percentage.

The Company also regularly reviews the period over which its inventories will be converted to sales. Any inventories expected to convert to sales beyond 12 months from the balance sheet date are classified as non-current.

Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, plant, and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred; costs of major renewals and improvements are capitalized. At the time property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the asset and accumulated depreciation accounts and the profit or loss on such disposition is reflected in income.

Depreciation is recorded over the estimated service lives of the related assets using the straight-line method. Amortization of leasehold improvements is calculated by using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset or lease term, whichever is shorter.

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized over their useful lives and are reviewed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the carrying amount may not be recovered.

The Company’s acquisition of substantially all of the assets and certain liabilities of G. Marks Hardware, Inc. (“Marks”) in August 2008 included intangible assets recorded at fair value on the date of acquisition. The customer relationships are amortized over their estimated useful lives of twenty years. At the acquisition, the Marks trade name was deemed to have an indefinite life. At the conclusion of fiscal 2020, the Company determined that the tradename was impaired. Accordingly, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $1,852,000 and reclassified the remaining balance of the underlying asset from indefinite-lived to a long-lived asset with a remaining useful life of 20 years as of June 30, 2020.

Changes in intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):

	March 31, 2021						June 30, 2020
	Carrying		Accumulated		Net book		Carrying		Accumulated		Net book
	value		amortization		value		value		amortization		value
Customer relationships	$	9,800	$	(8,899)	$	901	$	9,800	$	(8,732)	$	1,068
Trade name		4,048		(152)		3,896		4,048		—		4,048
	$	13,848	$	(9,051)	$	4,797	$	13,848	$	(8,732)	$	5,116

Amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization was approximately $106,000 and $66,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization was approximately $319,000 and $198,000 for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Amortization expense for each of the next five fiscal years is estimated to be as follows: 2021 - $426,000; 2022 - $391,000; 2023 - $361,000; 2024 - $337,000; and 2025 - $315,000. The weighted average remaining amortization period for intangible assets was 17.0 years and 17.5 years at March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2020, respectively.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets in question may not be recoverable. Impairment would be recorded in circumstances where undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset are less than the carrying value of that asset.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when its customers obtain control of its products or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods and services. See Note 2 – Revenue Recognition for additional accounting policies and transition disclosures.

Advertising and Promotional Costs

Advertising and Promotional Costs

Advertising and promotional costs are included in "Selling, General and Administrative" expenses in the consolidated statements of income and are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $229,000 and $307,000, respectively. Advertising expense for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $919,000 and $1,448,000, respectively.

Research and Development Costs

Research and Development Costs

Research and development (“R&D”) costs incurred by the Company are charged to expense as incurred and are included in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income. Research and development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $1,902,000 and $1,815,000, respectively. Research and development expense for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $5,675,000 and $5,387,000, respectively.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred income tax expense represents the change during the period in the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company measures and recognizes the tax implications of positions taken or expected to be taken in its tax returns on an ongoing basis.

Net Income per Share

Net Income per Share

Basic net income per common share (Basic EPS) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net income per common share (Diluted EPS) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive common share equivalents and convertible securities then outstanding.

The following provides a reconciliation of information used in calculating the per share amounts for the three months ended March 31 (in thousands, except per share data):

	Net Income				Weighted Average Shares		Net Income per Share
	2021		2020		2021	2020	2021		2020
Basic EPS	$	4,360	$	3,615	18,349	18,472	$	0.24	$	0.20
Effect of Dilutive Securities:
Stock Options		—		—	63	44		—		—
Diluted EPS	$	4,360	$	3,615	18,412	18,516	$	0.24	$	0.20

Options to purchase 8,000 and 44,000 shares of common stock were excluded for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and were not included in the computation of Diluted EPS because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. These options were still outstanding at the end of the period.

The following provides a reconciliation of information used in calculating the per share amounts for the nine months ended March 31 (in thousands, except per share data):

					Weighted Average		Net Income per
	Net Income				Shares		Share
	2021		2020		2021	2020	2021		2020
Basic EPS	$	9,876	$	10,420	18,348	18,476	$	0.54	$	0.56
Effect of Dilutive Securities:
Stock Options		—		—	54	54		—		—
Diluted EPS	$	9,876	$	10,420	18,402	18,530	$	0.54	$	0.56

Options to purchase 27,000 shares of common stock were excluded for each of the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, and were not included in the computation of Diluted EPS because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. These options were still outstanding at the end of the period.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has established four share incentive programs as discussed in Note 9.

Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Determining the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date requires assumptions and judgments about expected volatility and forfeiture rates, among other factors.

Stock-based compensation costs of $84,000 and $172,000 were recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Stock-based compensation costs of $272,000 and $497,000 were recognized for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Foreign Currency

Foreign Currency

The Company has determined the functional currency of all foreign subsidiaries is the U.S. Dollar. All foreign operations are considered a direct and integral part or extension of the Company’s operations. The day-to-day operations of all foreign subsidiaries are dependent on the economic environment of the U.S. Dollar. Therefore, no realized and unrealized gains and losses associated with foreign currency translation are recorded for the three or nine months ended March 31, 2021 or 2020.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive Income

For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company’s operations did not give rise to material items includable in comprehensive income, which were not already included in net income. Accordingly, the Company’s comprehensive income approximates its net income for all periods presented.

Segment Reporting

Segment Reporting

The Company’s reportable operating segments are determined based on the Company’s management approach. The management approach is based on the way that the chief operating decision maker organizes the segments within an enterprise for making operating decisions and assessing performance. The Company’s results of operations are reviewed by the chief operating decision maker on a consolidated basis and the Company operates in only one segment. The Company has presented required geographical data in Note 14.

Shipping and Handling Sales and Costs

Shipping and Handling Sales and Costs

The Company records the amount billed to customers for shipping and handling in net sales ($91,000 and $135,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively and $290,000 and $355,000 in the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively); and classifies the costs associated with these revenues in cost of sales ($281,000 and $300,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $732,000 and $831,000 in the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively).

Leases

Leases

Effective July 1, 2019, the Company adopted the new lease accounting standard using the modified retrospective transition option of applying the new standard at the adoption date. In addition, we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed us to not reassess (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs for any existing leases. Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of an operating ROU asset and lease liabilities of approximately $7.7 million. Given the length of the lease term, the right-of-use asset and corresponding liability assume a weighted discount rate as disclosed in Note 13. A change in the rate utilized could have a material effect on the amounts reported. Financial positions for reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 2019 are presented under new guidance. See Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies; Leases for additional accounting policies and transition disclosures.

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Standards

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Standards

Reference Rate Reform (ASC Topic 848)

In March 2020, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to provide optional relief for companies preparing for the discontinuation of interest rates such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), which is expected to be phased out at the end of calendar 2021, and applies to lease contracts, hedging instruments, held-to-maturity debt securities and debt arrangements that have LIBOR as the benchmark rate.

In January 2021, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that makes amendments to the new rules on accounting for reference rate reform. The amendments clarify that for all derivative instruments affected by the changes to interest rates used for discounting, margining or contract price alignment, regardless of whether they reference LIBOR or another rate expected to be discontinued as a result of reference rate reform, an entity may apply certain practical expedients in ASC Topic 848.

Effective for the Company – This guidance can be applied for a limited time through December 31, 2022. The guidance will no longer be available to apply after December 31, 2022.

Impact on consolidated financial statements – The Company is currently assessing the impact of applying this guidance on its existing derivative contracts, leases and other arrangements, as well as when to adopt this guidance.