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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Other Disclosures
6 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Other Disclosures
1.)    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Other Disclosures

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited. In management’s opinion, all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair presentation have been made.   The results of operations for the periods ended December 31, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.

The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2011. The accounting policies used in preparing these unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are consistent with those described in the June 30, 2011 Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2011 was derived from the audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”).

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Napco Security Technologies, Inc. and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company's fiscal year begins on July 1 and ends on June 30. Historically, the end users of the Company's products want to install its products prior to the summer; therefore sales of its products historically peak in the period April 1 through June 30, the Company's fiscal fourth quarter, and are reduced in the period July 1 through September 30, the Company's fiscal first quarter. In addition, demand is affected by the housing and construction markets.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent gains and losses at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Critical estimates include management's judgments associated with, among other things, revenue recognition, reserves for sales returns and allowances, allowance for doubtful accounts, concentration of credit risk, inventories, intangible assets and income taxes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when the following criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an agreement exists, (ii) there is a fixed and determinable price for the Company's product, (iii) shipment and passage of title occurs, and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured.  Revenues from merchandise sales are recorded at the time the product is shipped or delivered to the customer pursuant to the terms of the sale.  The Company reports its sales levels on a net sales basis, with net sales being computed by deducting from gross sales the amount of actual sales returns and other allowances and the amount of reserves established for anticipated sales returns and other allowances.

Sales Returns and Other Allowances

The Company analyzes sales returns and is able to make reasonable and reliable estimates of product returns based on the Company’s past history. Estimates for sales returns are based on several factors including actual returns and based on expected return data communicated to it by its customers. Accordingly, the Company believes that its historical returns analysis is an accurate basis for its allowance for sales returns. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

In the ordinary course of business, the Company has established a reserve for doubtful accounts and customer deductions in the amount of $250,000 and $255,000 as of December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2011, respectively. The Company’s reserve for doubtful accounts is a subjective critical estimate that has a direct impact on reported net earnings. This reserve is based upon the evaluation of accounts receivable agings, specific exposures and historical trends.

        Business Concentration and Credit Risk

An entity is more vulnerable to concentrations of credit risk if it is exposed to risk of loss greater than it would have had if it mitigated its risk through diversification of customers. Such risks of loss manifest themselves differently, depending on the nature of the concentration, and vary in significance.
 
The Company had one customer with an accounts receivable balance that represents 16% of the Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2011 and 17% at June 30, 2011.  Sales to this customer did not exceed 10% of net sales in any of the past three fiscal years.

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or fair market value, with cost being determined on the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. The reported net value of inventory includes finished saleable products, work-in-process and raw materials that will be sold or used in future periods. Inventory costs include raw materials, direct labor and overhead. The Company’s overhead expenses are applied based, in part, upon estimates of the proportion of those expenses that are related to procuring and storing raw materials as compared to the manufacture and assembly of finished products. These proportions, the method of their application, and the resulting overhead included in ending inventory, are based in part on subjective estimates and actual results could differ from those estimates.

In addition, the Company records an inventory obsolescence reserve, which represents the difference between the cost of the inventory and its estimated market value, based on various product sales projections. This reserve is calculated using an estimated obsolescence percentage applied to the inventory based on age, historical trends, requirements to support forecasted sales, and the ability to find alternate applications of its raw materials and to convert finished product into alternate versions of the same product to better match customer demand.  There is inherent professional judgment and subjectivity made by both production and engineering members of management in determining the estimated obsolescence percentage. In addition, and as necessary, the Company may establish specific reserves for future known or anticipated events.  The Company also regularly reviews the period over which its inventories will be converted to sales. Any inventories expected to convert to sales beyond 12 months from the balance sheet date are classified as non-current.

Intangible Assets
 
Certain intangible assets determined to have indefinite lives are not amortized but are tested for impairment at least annually. Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized over their useful lives and are reviewed for impairment at least annually at the Company’s fiscal year end of June 30 or more often whenever there is an indication that the carrying amount may not be recovered.

Changes in intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):

   
December 31, 2011
   
June 30, 2011
 
   
Cost
   
Accumulated amortization
   
Net book value
   
Cost
   
Accumulated amortization
   
Net book value
 
Other intangible assets:
                                   
   Customer relationships
  $ 9,800     $ (4,093 )   $ 5,707     $ 9,800     $ (3,584 )   $ 6,216  
   Non-compete agreement
    340       (164 )     176       340       (140 )     200  
   Trademark
    5,900       --       5,900       5,900       --       5,900  
    $ 16,040     $ (4,257 )   $ 11,783     $ 16,040     $ (3,724 )   $ 12,316  
 
Amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization was approximately $266,000 and $288,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization was approximately $533,000 and $577,000 for the six months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Amortization expense for each of the next five years is estimated to be as follows: 2012 - $1,065,000; 2013 - $917,000; and 2014 - $781,000; 2015 - $667,000 and 2016 - $529,000. The weighted average amortization period for intangible assets was 16.2 years and 16.7 years at December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2011, respectively.
 
Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets in question may not be recoverable. An impairment would be recorded in circumstances where undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset are less than the carrying value of that asset.
 
        Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred income tax expense represents the change during the period in the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities. The components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are individually classified as current and non-current based on their characteristics. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company measures and recognizes the tax implications of positions taken or expected to be taken in its tax returns on an ongoing basis.

Advertising and Promotional Costs

Advertising and promotional costs are included in "Selling, General and Administrative" expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and are expensed as incurred.  Advertising expense for the three months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $232,000 and $270,000, respectively. Advertising expense for the six months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $483,000 and $361,000, respectively. The decrease for the three months ended December 31, 2011 is due to the timing of a tradeshow that occurred in September 2011 as partially offset by increased spending on this tradeshow in the current fiscal year as well as on media and printed advertising. Last year, the same tradeshow occurred in the quarter ended December 31, 2010. The increase for the six months ended December 31, 2011 is due to increased spending on tradeshows and media and printed advertising.

        Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are included in "Cost of Sales" in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and are expensed as incurred. Research and development expense for the three months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $1,009,000 and $1,218,000, respectively. Research and development expense for the six months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $2,040,000 and $2,485,000, respectively.
 
        Stock Options
 
During the three and six months ended December 31, 2011 no stock options were granted or exercised under its 2002 Employee Incentive Stock Option Plan or under its 2000 Non-employee Incentive Stock Option Plan.
 
Self-funded Employee Health Benefit Plan

Effective February 1, 2011, the Company converted its employee health benefit plan from a fully-insured plan to a self-insured plan. The Company made this change due, primarily, to significant increases in health insurance costs over the past few years. Under this arrangement, the Company engaged a plan administrator to process claims and purchased an insurance policy that covers claims over a certain aggregate amount over the plan year. The aggregate limit is based on the number of employees enrolled in the plan. As of December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2011, the aggregate limit of claims to be self-insured was approximately $1,374,000 and $1,409,000, respectively. The Company records claims as they are paid and records an accrual for unpaid claims based upon the date of service or date incurred. In connection with this self-insured liability, the Company has accrued $227,000 and $150,000 as of December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2011, respectively.

        Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2011, the FASB amended its authoritative guidance related to the presentation of comprehensive income, requiring entities to present items of net income and other comprehensive income either in one continuous statement or in two separate consecutive statements.  This guidance becomes effective for the Company’s fiscal 2013 first quarter.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance but believes that it may result only in changes in the presentation of its financial statements and will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
 
In May 2011, the FASB amended its authoritative guidance related to fair value measurements to provide a consistent definition and measurement of fair value, as well as similar disclosure requirements between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards.  This guidance clarifies the application of existing fair value measurement and expands the existing disclosure requirements.  This guidance becomes effective for the Company’s fiscal 2012 third quarter.  This guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows, but may require additional disclosures.
 
In December 2010, the FASB amended its authoritative guidance related to Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts.  For those reporting units, an entity is required to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test if it is more-likely-than-not that goodwill impairment exists.  In determining whether it is more-likely-than-not that goodwill impairment exists, consideration should be made as to whether there are any adverse qualitative factors indicating that an impairment may exist.  This guidance became effective for the Company’s fiscal 2012 first quarter.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.