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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
 6 Months Ended
Apr. 28, 2024
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]  
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
Summary of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
The following tables summarize our cash, cash equivalents and investments by security type:
 
April 28, 2024CostGross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value
 (In millions)
Cash$1,359 $— $— $1,359 
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds*
1,420 — — 1,420 
Bank certificates of deposit and time deposits42 — — 42 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities1,993 — — 1,993 
Municipal securities44 — — 44 
Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes2,227 — — 2,227 
Total cash equivalents5,726 — — 5,726 
Total cash and cash equivalents$7,085 $— $— $7,085 
Short-term and long-term investments:
Bank certificates of deposit and time deposits$19 $— $— $19 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities401 — 5 396 
Non-U.S. government securities**
6 — — 6 
Municipal securities443 — 7 436 
Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes764 1 7 758 
Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities573 1 10 564 
Total fixed income securities2,206 2 29 2,179 
Publicly traded equity securities543 447 3 987 
Equity investments in privately held companies231 74 16 289 
Total equity investments774 521 19 1,276 
Total short-term and long-term investments$2,980 $523 $48 $3,455 
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments$10,065 $523 $48 $10,540 
_________________________
*Excludes $90 million of restricted cash equivalents invested in money market funds related to deferred compensation plans.
**Includes Canadian provincial government debt.
October 29, 2023CostGross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value
 (In millions)
Cash$1,417 $— $— $1,417 
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds*
3,260 — — 3,260 
Municipal securities26 — — 26 
Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes1,429 — — 1,429 
Total cash equivalents4,715 — — 4,715 
Total cash and cash equivalents$6,132 $— $— $6,132 
Short-term and long-term investments:
Bank certificates of deposit and time deposits$18 $— $— $18 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities381 — 7 374 
Non-U.S. government securities**
7 — 1 6 
Municipal securities438 — 11 427 
Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes760 — 12 748 
Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities502 — 15 487 
Total fixed income securities2,106 — 46 2,060 
Publicly traded equity securities543 171 16 698 
Equity investments in privately held companies192 78 10 260 
Total equity investments735 249 26 958 
Total short-term and long-term investments$2,841 $249 $72 $3,018 
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments$8,973 $249 $72 $9,150 
 _________________________
*Excludes $101 million of restricted cash equivalents invested in money market funds related to deferred compensation plans.
**Includes Canadian provincial government debt.
 
During the three months ended April 28, 2024 and April 30, 2023, interest income from our cash, cash equivalents and fixed income securities was $118 million and $61 million, respectively.
During the six months ended April 28, 2024 and April 30, 2023, interest income from our cash, cash equivalents and fixed income securities was $221 million and $92 million, respectively.

Maturities of Investments
The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of our investments as of April 28, 2024:
 
CostEstimated
Fair Value
 (In millions)
Due in one year or less$460 $456 
Due after one through five years1,169 1,155 
Due after five years4 4 
No single maturity date*1,347 1,840 
Total$2,980 $3,455 
 _________________________
*Securities with no single maturity date include publicly traded and privately held equity securities and asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities.
Gains and Losses on Investments
During the three and six months ended April 28, 2024 and April 30, 2023 gross realized gains and losses on our fixed income portfolio were not material.
As of April 28, 2024 and October 29, 2023, gross unrealized losses related to our fixed income portfolio were not material. We regularly review our fixed income portfolio to identify and evaluate investments that have indications of possible impairment from credit losses or other factors. Factors considered in determining whether an unrealized loss is considered to be a credit loss include: the significance of the decline in value compared to the cost basis; the financial condition; credit quality and near-term prospects of the investee; and whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security prior to recovery. Credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities are recorded as an allowance for credit losses through interest and other income (expense), net. Any additional changes in fair value that are not related to credit losses are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI). During the three and six months ended April 28, 2024 and April 30, 2023, we did not recognize material credit losses and the ending allowance for credit losses was not material to our fixed income portfolio.
The components of gain (loss) on equity investments for the three and six months ended April 28, 2024 and April 30, 2023 were as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
April 28,
2024		April 30,
2023		April 28,
2024		April 30,
2023
 (In millions)
Publicly traded equity securities
Unrealized gain $25 $1 $312 $19 
Unrealized loss(1)(11)(3)(27)
Realized gain on sales and dividends2 1 2 1 
Realized loss on sales or impairment— (1)(1)(2)
Equity investments in privately held companies
Unrealized gain— 8 1 12 
Unrealized loss(4)(9)(10)(11)
Realized gain on sales and dividends1 — 3 5 
Realized loss on sales or impairment— (117)— (117)
Total gain (loss) on equity investments, net$23 $(128)$304 $(120)