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Derivatives and Hedging
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Derivatives and Hedging
DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING

The disclosures in this note apply to all Registrants unless indicated otherwise.

OBJECTIVES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

AEPSC is agent for and transacts on behalf of AEP subsidiaries, including the Registrant Subsidiaries. AEPEP is agent for and transacts on behalf of other AEP subsidiaries.

The Registrants are exposed to certain market risks as major power producers and participants in the electricity, capacity, natural gas, coal and emission allowance markets.  These risks include commodity price risks which may be subject to capacity risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency exchange risk.  These risks represent the risk of loss that may impact the Registrants due to changes in the underlying market prices or rates.  Management utilizes derivative instruments to manage these risks.

STRATEGIES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS TO ACHIEVE OBJECTIVES

Risk Management Strategies

The strategy surrounding the use of derivative instruments primarily focuses on managing risk exposures, future cash flows and creating value utilizing both economic and formal hedging strategies. The risk management strategies also include the use of derivative instruments for trading purposes which focus on seizing market opportunities to create value driven by expected changes in the market prices of the commodities. To accomplish these objectives, the Registrants primarily employ risk management contracts including physical and financial forward purchase-and-sale contracts and, to a lesser extent, OTC swaps and options. Not all risk management contracts meet the definition of a derivative under the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative risk management contracts elected normal under the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception are not subject to the requirements of this accounting guidance.

The Registrants utilize power, capacity, coal, natural gas, interest rate and, to a lesser extent, heating oil, gasoline and other commodity contracts to manage the risk associated with the energy business. The Registrants utilize interest rate derivative contracts in order to manage the interest rate exposure associated with the commodity portfolio. For disclosure purposes, such risks are grouped as “Commodity,” as these risks are related to energy risk management activities. The Registrants also utilize derivative contracts to manage interest rate risk associated with debt financing and foreign currency risk associated with future purchase obligations denominated in foreign currencies. For disclosure purposes, these risks are grouped as “Interest Rate and Foreign Currency.” The amount of risk taken is determined by the Commercial Operations, Energy Supply and Finance groups in accordance with established risk management policies as approved by the Finance Committee of the Board of Directors.


The following tables represent the gross notional volume of the Registrants’ outstanding derivative contracts as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
469.5

 
86.7

 
28.2

 
11.4

 
25.7

 
31.8

Coal
 
Tons
 
2.8

 

 
0.9

 

 

 
1.9

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
43.2

 
0.2

 
0.1

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
8.9

 
1.7

 
0.8

 
1.9

 
1.0

 
1.1

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
96.1

 
$
1.2

 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
559.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$


Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
317.8

 
40.9

 
22.8

 
13.3

 
11.3

 
14.0

Coal
 
Tons
 
4.4

 

 
1.6

 

 

 
2.8

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
38.2

 
0.3

 
0.2

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
7.4

 
1.4

 
0.7

 
1.6

 
0.8

 
0.9

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
113.5

 
$
2.4

 
$
1.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
560.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$



Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

Parent enters into interest rate derivative transactions as part of an overall strategy to manage the mix of fixed-rate and floating-rate debt. Certain interest rate derivative transactions effectively modify exposure to interest rate risk by converting a portion of fixed-rate debt to a floating rate. Provided specific criteria are met, these interest rate derivatives are designated as fair value hedges.

Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

The Registrants utilize cash flow hedges on certain derivative transactions for the purchase and sale of power (“Commodity”) in order to manage the variable price risk related to forecasted purchases and sales. Management monitors the potential impacts of commodity price changes and, where appropriate, enters into derivative transactions to protect profit margins for a portion of future electricity sales and purchases. The Registrants do not hedge all commodity price risk.

The Registrants utilize a variety of interest rate derivative transactions in order to manage interest rate risk exposure. The Registrants also utilize interest rate derivative contracts to manage interest rate exposure related to future borrowings of fixed-rate debt. The Registrants do not hedge all interest rate exposure.

At times, the Registrants are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risks primarily when some fixed assets are purchased from foreign suppliers. In accordance with AEP’s risk management policy, the Registrants may utilize foreign currency derivative transactions to protect against the risk of increased cash outflows resulting from a foreign currency’s appreciation against the dollar. The Registrants do not hedge all foreign currency exposure.
ACCOUNTING FOR DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND THE IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” requires recognition of all qualifying derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheets at fair value. The fair values of derivative instruments accounted for using MTM accounting or hedge accounting are based on exchange prices and broker quotes. If a quoted market price is not available, the estimate of fair value is based on the best information available including valuation models that estimate future energy prices based on existing market and broker quotes, supply and demand market data and assumptions. In order to determine the relevant fair values of the derivative instruments, the Registrants apply valuation adjustments for discounting, liquidity and credit quality.

Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will fail to perform on the contract or fail to pay amounts due. Liquidity risk represents the risk that imperfections in the market will cause the price to vary from estimated fair value based upon prevailing market supply and demand conditions. Since energy markets are imperfect and volatile, there are inherent risks related to the underlying assumptions in models used to fair value risk management contracts. Unforeseen events may cause reasonable price curves to differ from actual price curves throughout a contract’s term and at the time a contract settles. Consequently, there could be significant adverse or favorable effects on future net income and cash flows if market prices are not consistent with management’s estimates of current market consensus for forward prices in the current period. This is particularly true for longer term contracts. Cash flows may vary based on market conditions, margin requirements and the timing of settlement of risk management contracts.

According to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging,” the Registrants reflect the fair values of derivative instruments subject to netting agreements with the same counterparty net of related cash collateral. For certain risk management contracts, the Registrants are required to post or receive cash collateral based on third party contractual agreements and risk profiles. For the June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 balance sheets, the Registrants netted cash collateral received from third parties against short-term and long-term risk management assets and cash collateral paid to third parties against short-term and long-term risk management liabilities as follows:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Company
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
5.6

 
$
16.3

 
$
5.8

 
$
44.4

APCo
 
0.5

 
0.1

 

 
3.1

I&M
 
0.2

 
0.8

 

 
0.6

OPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.5

PSO
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3

SWEPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3


The following tables represent the gross fair value of the Registrants’ derivative activity on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

AEP

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
307.8

 
$
8.9

 
$
0.9

 
$
317.6

 
$
(206.5
)
 
$
111.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
336.4

 
25.5

 
0.2

 
362.1

 
(63.6
)
 
298.5

Total Assets
 
644.2

 
34.4

 
1.1

 
679.7

 
(270.1
)
 
409.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
289.6

 
5.1

 
0.2

 
294.9

 
(209.2
)
 
85.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
212.1

 
26.3

 

 
238.4

 
(71.6
)
 
166.8

Total Liabilities
 
501.7

 
31.4

 
0.2

 
533.3

 
(280.8
)
 
252.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
142.5

 
$
3.0

 
$
0.9

 
$
146.4

 
$
10.7

 
$
157.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AEP
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
368.8

 
$
8.2

 
$
0.1

 
$
377.1

 
$
(242.7
)
 
$
134.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
364.8

 
11.7

 

 
376.5

 
(54.7
)
 
321.8

Total Assets
 
733.6

 
19.9

 
0.1

 
753.6

 
(297.4
)
 
456.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
347.0

 
9.1

 
0.3

 
356.4

 
(269.3
)
 
87.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
223.3

 
19.3

 
3.2

 
245.8

 
(66.7
)
 
179.1

Total Liabilities
 
570.3

 
28.4

 
3.5

 
602.2

 
(336.0
)
 
266.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
163.3

 
$
(8.5
)
 
$
(3.4
)
 
$
151.4

 
$
38.6

 
$
190.0


(a)
Derivative instruments within these categories are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
$
16.9

 
$
(11.7
)
 
$
5.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
17.4

 
(12.0
)
 
5.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
29.8

 
(11.3
)
 
18.5

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.3
)
 
0.3

Total Liabilities
 
30.4

 
(11.6
)
 
18.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Liabilities
 
$
(13.0
)
 
$
(0.4
)
 
$
(13.4
)

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
25.9

 
$
(10.3
)
 
$
15.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Assets
 
26.2

 
(10.5
)
 
15.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
18.1

 
(13.3
)
 
4.8

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Liabilities
 
18.4

 
(13.5
)
 
4.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
7.8

 
$
3.0

 
$
10.8


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
14.6

 
$
(9.5
)
 
$
5.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
15.1

 
(9.8
)
 
5.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
13.7

 
(10.1
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.7

 
(0.3
)
 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
14.4

 
(10.4
)
 
4.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.7

 
$
0.6

 
$
1.3


I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
22.8

 
$
(10.5
)
 
$
12.3

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.6
)
 

Total Assets
 
23.4

 
(11.1
)
 
12.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
17.0

 
(10.7
)
 
6.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
2.6

 
(1.0
)
 
1.6

Total Liabilities
 
19.6

 
(11.7
)
 
7.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
3.8

 
$
0.6

 
$
4.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

Total Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
5.8

 
(0.1
)
 
5.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
9.0

 

 
9.0

Total Liabilities
 
14.8

 
(0.1
)
 
14.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(14.7
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(14.6
)

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

Total Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
15.1

 
$
0.5

 
$
15.6


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.3

 
$
(0.1
)
 
$
1.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.3

 
(0.1
)
 
1.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
1.1

 
$
0.1

 
$
1.2


PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.6

 
$

 
$
0.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.6

 

 
0.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.1

 
$
0.3

 
$
0.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.4

 
$

 
$
1.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.4

 

 
1.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.4

 
(0.1
)
 
2.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.4

 

 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
2.8

 
(0.1
)
 
2.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(1.4
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(1.3
)

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$
0.8

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.8

 

 
0.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
3.4

 
(0.3
)
 
3.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.1

 

 
2.1

Total Liabilities
 
5.5

 
(0.3
)
 
5.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(4.7
)
 
$
0.3

 
$
(4.4
)

(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

The tables below present the Registrants’ activity of derivative risk management contracts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.1

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
21.1

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.0
)
 
0.9

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
1.0

 
1.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
1.3

 
0.5

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.2
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.4
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 

Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(14.3
)
 
(12.6
)
 
1.1

 
(5.6
)
 
0.3

 
2.6

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
17.1

 
6.4

 
1.8

 

 
2.9

 
6.5

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
24.7

 
$
(5.7
)
 
$
5.6

 
$
(5.8
)
 
$
3.2

 
$
9.0


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
1.5

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
10.2

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
0.5

 
0.6

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.3

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
0.4

 

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.6
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.7
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
4.1

 
0.6

 
0.3

 

 
1.0

 
2.1

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
49.1

 
26.8

 
8.4

 
(7.3
)
 
6.3

 
9.4

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
64.0

 
$
28.0

 
$
10.3

 
$
(7.5
)
 
$
7.1

 
$
11.3


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.7

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
40.9

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.8
)
 
2.5

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
2.1

 
5.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.4

 
1.9

 
0.1

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.9
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(28.4
)
 
(12.4
)
 
1.4

 
(20.5
)
 
0.3

 
2.7

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
29.3

 
22.3

 
5.7

 
(15.2
)
 
2.4

 
11.0

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
43.8

 
$
11.8

 
$
15.3

 
$
(36.1
)
 
$
2.5

 
$
13.4


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
6.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
59.0

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
1.1

 
3.2

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.4

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.6

 
0.7

 
0.3

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 

 
1.3

 
(0.2
)
 

 
0.8

 
(1.4
)
Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
53.6

 
28.6

 
5.8

 
(2.6
)
 
5.6

 
13.3

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
119.8

 
$
31.6

 
$
9.9

 
$
(3.1
)
 
$
6.0

 
$
11.5

(a)
Represents realized and unrealized gains and losses subject to regulatory accounting treatment recorded as either current or noncurrent on the balance sheets.
Certain qualifying derivative instruments have been designated as normal purchase or normal sale contracts, as provided in the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative contracts that have been designated as normal purchases or normal sales under that accounting guidance are not subject to MTM accounting treatment and are recognized on the statements of income on an accrual basis.

The accounting for the changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it qualifies for and has been designated as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. Depending on the exposure, management designates a hedging instrument as a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge.

For contracts that have not been designated as part of a hedging relationship, the accounting for changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative instrument is held for trading purposes. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments held for trading purposes are included in revenues on a net basis on the statements of income. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments not held for trading purposes are included in revenues or expenses on the statements of income depending on the relevant facts and circumstances. Certain derivatives that economically hedge future commodity risk are recorded in the same expense line item on the statements of income as that of the associated risk. However, unrealized and some realized gains and losses in regulated jurisdictions for both trading and non-trading derivative instruments are recorded as regulatory assets (for losses) or regulatory liabilities (for gains) in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Regulated Operations.”

In connection with OPCo’s June 2012 - May 2015 ESP, the PUCO ordered OPCo to conduct energy and capacity auctions for its entire SSO load for delivery beginning in June 2015, see Note 4 - Rate Matters. These auctions resulted in a range of products, including 12-month, 24-month, and 36-month periods. The delivery period for each contract is scheduled to start on the first day of June of each year, immediately following the auction. Certain affiliated Vertically Integrated Utility and Generation & Marketing segment entities participated in the auction process and were awarded tranches of OPCo’s SSO load. The underlying contracts are derivatives subject to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” and are accounted for using MTM accounting, unless the contract has been designated as a normal purchase or normal sale.

Accounting for Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

For fair value hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability or an identified portion thereof attributable to a particular risk), the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item associated with the hedged risk impacts Net Income during the period of change.

AEP records realized and unrealized gains or losses on interest rate swaps that qualify for fair value hedge accounting treatment and any offsetting changes in the fair value of the debt being hedged in Interest Expense on the statements of income. The following table shows the results of hedging gains (losses) during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(in millions)
Gain on Fair Value Hedging Instruments
$
0.6

 
$
1.4

 
$
4.1

 
$
5.9

Loss on Fair Value Portion of Long-term Debt
(0.6
)
 
(1.4
)
 
(4.1
)
 
(5.9
)


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial.

Accounting for Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

For cash flow hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk), the Registrants initially report the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets until the period the hedged item affects Net Income. The Registrants recognize any hedge ineffectiveness in Net Income immediately during the period of change, except in regulated jurisdictions where hedge ineffectiveness would be recorded as a regulatory asset (for losses) or a regulatory liability (for gains) if applicable.

Realized gains and losses on derivative contracts for the purchase and sale of power designated as cash flow hedges are included in Total Revenues or Purchased Electricity for Resale on the statements of income or in Regulatory Assets or Regulatory Liabilities on the balance sheets, depending on the specific nature of the risk being hedged. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives.

The Registrants reclassify gains and losses on interest rate derivative hedges related to debt financings from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Interest Expense on the statements of income in those periods in which hedged interest payments occur. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015,the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives.
The accumulated gains or losses related to foreign currency hedges are reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Depreciation and Amortization expense on the statements of income over the depreciable lives of the fixed assets designated as the hedged items in qualifying foreign currency hedging relationships. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrants did not apply cash flow hedging to any outstanding foreign currency derivatives.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial or nonexistent for all of the hedge strategies disclosed above.

For details on effective cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets and the reasons for changes in cash flow hedges, see Note 3.

Cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were:

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on AEP’s
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
 
(in millions)
Hedging Assets (a)
 
$
28.3

 
$

 
$
17.6

 
$

Hedging Liabilities (a)
 
25.3

 
0.2

 
26.1

 
0.4

AOCI Gain (Loss) Net of Tax
 
1.9

 
(16.5
)
 
(5.2
)
 
(17.2
)
Portion Expected to be Reclassified to Net Income During the Next Twelve Months
 
2.3

 
(1.3
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(1.5
)

(a)
Hedging Assets and Hedging Liabilities are included in Risk Management Assets and Liabilities on the balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2016 the maximum length of time that AEP is hedging its exposure to variability in future cash flows related to forecasted transactions is 138 months.

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on the Registrant Subsidiaries’
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
Company
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
 
(in millions)
APCo
 
$
3.2

 
$
0.7

 
$
3.6

 
$
0.7

I&M
 
(12.6
)
 
(1.3
)
 
(13.3
)
 
(1.3
)
OPCo
 
3.5

 
1.1

 
4.3

 
1.2

PSO
 
3.8

 
0.8

 
4.2

 
0.8

SWEPCo
 
(8.2
)
 
(1.6
)
 
(9.1
)
 
(1.7
)


The actual amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to Net Income can differ from the estimate above due to market price changes.


Credit Risk

Management limits credit risk in wholesale marketing and trading activities by assessing the creditworthiness of potential counterparties before entering into transactions with them and continuing to evaluate their creditworthiness on an ongoing basis. Management uses Moody’s, Standard and Poor’s and current market-based qualitative and quantitative data as well as financial statements to assess the financial health of counterparties on an ongoing basis.

Master agreements are typically used to facilitate the netting of cash flows associated with a single counterparty and may include collateral requirements. Collateral requirements in the form of cash, letters of credit and parental/affiliate guarantees may be obtained as security from counterparties in order to mitigate credit risk. A counterparty is required to post cash or letters of credit in the event exposure exceeds the established threshold. The threshold represents an unsecured credit limit which may be supported by a parental/affiliate guaranty, as determined in accordance with AEP’s credit policy. In addition, master agreements allow for termination and liquidation of all positions in the event of a failure or inability to post collateral.

Collateral Triggering Events

Credit Downgrade Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo)

Under the tariffs of the RTOs and Independent System Operators (ISOs) and a limited number of derivative and non-derivative contracts primarily related to competitive retail auction loads, additional amounts of collateral are required if certain credit ratings decline below a specified rating threshold.  The amount of collateral required fluctuates based on market prices and total exposure.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these collateral triggering items in contracts.  AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo have not experienced a downgrade below a specified rating threshold that would require the posting of additional collateral.  There is no exposure relating to derivative contracts, however, there is exposure relating to RTOs, ISOs and non-derivative contracts. The following table represents the exposure if credit ratings were to decline below a specified rating threshold as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
Company
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
AEP
 
$
14.7

 
$
289.7

(a)
 
$
17.5

 
$
297.8

(a)
APCo
 
1.1

 

 
 
4.9

 
0.1

 
I&M
 
0.8

 

 
 
3.3

 
0.1

 
PSO
 
4.5

 
3.2

 
 

 
3.2

 
SWEPCo
 
5.6

 
0.1

 
 

 
0.1

 

(a)
Represents the amount of collateral AEP subsidiaries would have been required to post for other significant non-derivative contracts including AGR jointly owned plant contracts and various other commodity related contacts.

Cross-Default Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo and I&M)

In addition, a majority of non-exchange traded commodity contracts contain cross-default provisions that, if triggered, would permit the counterparty to declare a default and require settlement of the outstanding payable. These cross-default provisions could be triggered if there was a non-performance event by Parent or the obligor under outstanding debt or a third party obligation that is $50 million or greater.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these cross-default provisions in the contracts. The following tables represent: (a) the fair value of these derivative liabilities subject to cross-default provisions prior to consideration of contractual netting arrangements, (b) the amount that the exposure has been reduced by cash collateral posted and (c) if a cross-default provision would have been triggered, the settlement amount that would be required after considering contractual netting arrangements as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
251.6

 
$

 
$
200.4

APCo
 
2.0

 

 
1.9

I&M
 
1.3

 

 
1.3

 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
300.1

 
$
0.8

 
$
240.6

APCo
 
3.7

 

 
3.7

I&M
 
2.5

 

 
2.5

Appalachian Power Co [Member]  
Derivatives and Hedging
DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING

The disclosures in this note apply to all Registrants unless indicated otherwise.

OBJECTIVES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

AEPSC is agent for and transacts on behalf of AEP subsidiaries, including the Registrant Subsidiaries. AEPEP is agent for and transacts on behalf of other AEP subsidiaries.

The Registrants are exposed to certain market risks as major power producers and participants in the electricity, capacity, natural gas, coal and emission allowance markets.  These risks include commodity price risks which may be subject to capacity risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency exchange risk.  These risks represent the risk of loss that may impact the Registrants due to changes in the underlying market prices or rates.  Management utilizes derivative instruments to manage these risks.

STRATEGIES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS TO ACHIEVE OBJECTIVES

Risk Management Strategies

The strategy surrounding the use of derivative instruments primarily focuses on managing risk exposures, future cash flows and creating value utilizing both economic and formal hedging strategies. The risk management strategies also include the use of derivative instruments for trading purposes which focus on seizing market opportunities to create value driven by expected changes in the market prices of the commodities. To accomplish these objectives, the Registrants primarily employ risk management contracts including physical and financial forward purchase-and-sale contracts and, to a lesser extent, OTC swaps and options. Not all risk management contracts meet the definition of a derivative under the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative risk management contracts elected normal under the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception are not subject to the requirements of this accounting guidance.

The Registrants utilize power, capacity, coal, natural gas, interest rate and, to a lesser extent, heating oil, gasoline and other commodity contracts to manage the risk associated with the energy business. The Registrants utilize interest rate derivative contracts in order to manage the interest rate exposure associated with the commodity portfolio. For disclosure purposes, such risks are grouped as “Commodity,” as these risks are related to energy risk management activities. The Registrants also utilize derivative contracts to manage interest rate risk associated with debt financing and foreign currency risk associated with future purchase obligations denominated in foreign currencies. For disclosure purposes, these risks are grouped as “Interest Rate and Foreign Currency.” The amount of risk taken is determined by the Commercial Operations, Energy Supply and Finance groups in accordance with established risk management policies as approved by the Finance Committee of the Board of Directors.


The following tables represent the gross notional volume of the Registrants’ outstanding derivative contracts as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
469.5

 
86.7

 
28.2

 
11.4

 
25.7

 
31.8

Coal
 
Tons
 
2.8

 

 
0.9

 

 

 
1.9

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
43.2

 
0.2

 
0.1

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
8.9

 
1.7

 
0.8

 
1.9

 
1.0

 
1.1

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
96.1

 
$
1.2

 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
559.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$


Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
317.8

 
40.9

 
22.8

 
13.3

 
11.3

 
14.0

Coal
 
Tons
 
4.4

 

 
1.6

 

 

 
2.8

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
38.2

 
0.3

 
0.2

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
7.4

 
1.4

 
0.7

 
1.6

 
0.8

 
0.9

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
113.5

 
$
2.4

 
$
1.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
560.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$



Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

Parent enters into interest rate derivative transactions as part of an overall strategy to manage the mix of fixed-rate and floating-rate debt. Certain interest rate derivative transactions effectively modify exposure to interest rate risk by converting a portion of fixed-rate debt to a floating rate. Provided specific criteria are met, these interest rate derivatives are designated as fair value hedges.

Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

The Registrants utilize cash flow hedges on certain derivative transactions for the purchase and sale of power (“Commodity”) in order to manage the variable price risk related to forecasted purchases and sales. Management monitors the potential impacts of commodity price changes and, where appropriate, enters into derivative transactions to protect profit margins for a portion of future electricity sales and purchases. The Registrants do not hedge all commodity price risk.

The Registrants utilize a variety of interest rate derivative transactions in order to manage interest rate risk exposure. The Registrants also utilize interest rate derivative contracts to manage interest rate exposure related to future borrowings of fixed-rate debt. The Registrants do not hedge all interest rate exposure.

At times, the Registrants are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risks primarily when some fixed assets are purchased from foreign suppliers. In accordance with AEP’s risk management policy, the Registrants may utilize foreign currency derivative transactions to protect against the risk of increased cash outflows resulting from a foreign currency’s appreciation against the dollar. The Registrants do not hedge all foreign currency exposure.
ACCOUNTING FOR DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND THE IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” requires recognition of all qualifying derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheets at fair value. The fair values of derivative instruments accounted for using MTM accounting or hedge accounting are based on exchange prices and broker quotes. If a quoted market price is not available, the estimate of fair value is based on the best information available including valuation models that estimate future energy prices based on existing market and broker quotes, supply and demand market data and assumptions. In order to determine the relevant fair values of the derivative instruments, the Registrants apply valuation adjustments for discounting, liquidity and credit quality.

Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will fail to perform on the contract or fail to pay amounts due. Liquidity risk represents the risk that imperfections in the market will cause the price to vary from estimated fair value based upon prevailing market supply and demand conditions. Since energy markets are imperfect and volatile, there are inherent risks related to the underlying assumptions in models used to fair value risk management contracts. Unforeseen events may cause reasonable price curves to differ from actual price curves throughout a contract’s term and at the time a contract settles. Consequently, there could be significant adverse or favorable effects on future net income and cash flows if market prices are not consistent with management’s estimates of current market consensus for forward prices in the current period. This is particularly true for longer term contracts. Cash flows may vary based on market conditions, margin requirements and the timing of settlement of risk management contracts.

According to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging,” the Registrants reflect the fair values of derivative instruments subject to netting agreements with the same counterparty net of related cash collateral. For certain risk management contracts, the Registrants are required to post or receive cash collateral based on third party contractual agreements and risk profiles. For the June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 balance sheets, the Registrants netted cash collateral received from third parties against short-term and long-term risk management assets and cash collateral paid to third parties against short-term and long-term risk management liabilities as follows:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Company
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
5.6

 
$
16.3

 
$
5.8

 
$
44.4

APCo
 
0.5

 
0.1

 

 
3.1

I&M
 
0.2

 
0.8

 

 
0.6

OPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.5

PSO
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3

SWEPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3


The following tables represent the gross fair value of the Registrants’ derivative activity on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

AEP

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
307.8

 
$
8.9

 
$
0.9

 
$
317.6

 
$
(206.5
)
 
$
111.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
336.4

 
25.5

 
0.2

 
362.1

 
(63.6
)
 
298.5

Total Assets
 
644.2

 
34.4

 
1.1

 
679.7

 
(270.1
)
 
409.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
289.6

 
5.1

 
0.2

 
294.9

 
(209.2
)
 
85.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
212.1

 
26.3

 

 
238.4

 
(71.6
)
 
166.8

Total Liabilities
 
501.7

 
31.4

 
0.2

 
533.3

 
(280.8
)
 
252.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
142.5

 
$
3.0

 
$
0.9

 
$
146.4

 
$
10.7

 
$
157.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AEP
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
368.8

 
$
8.2

 
$
0.1

 
$
377.1

 
$
(242.7
)
 
$
134.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
364.8

 
11.7

 

 
376.5

 
(54.7
)
 
321.8

Total Assets
 
733.6

 
19.9

 
0.1

 
753.6

 
(297.4
)
 
456.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
347.0

 
9.1

 
0.3

 
356.4

 
(269.3
)
 
87.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
223.3

 
19.3

 
3.2

 
245.8

 
(66.7
)
 
179.1

Total Liabilities
 
570.3

 
28.4

 
3.5

 
602.2

 
(336.0
)
 
266.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
163.3

 
$
(8.5
)
 
$
(3.4
)
 
$
151.4

 
$
38.6

 
$
190.0


(a)
Derivative instruments within these categories are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
$
16.9

 
$
(11.7
)
 
$
5.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
17.4

 
(12.0
)
 
5.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
29.8

 
(11.3
)
 
18.5

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.3
)
 
0.3

Total Liabilities
 
30.4

 
(11.6
)
 
18.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Liabilities
 
$
(13.0
)
 
$
(0.4
)
 
$
(13.4
)

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
25.9

 
$
(10.3
)
 
$
15.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Assets
 
26.2

 
(10.5
)
 
15.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
18.1

 
(13.3
)
 
4.8

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Liabilities
 
18.4

 
(13.5
)
 
4.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
7.8

 
$
3.0

 
$
10.8


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
14.6

 
$
(9.5
)
 
$
5.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
15.1

 
(9.8
)
 
5.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
13.7

 
(10.1
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.7

 
(0.3
)
 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
14.4

 
(10.4
)
 
4.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.7

 
$
0.6

 
$
1.3


I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
22.8

 
$
(10.5
)
 
$
12.3

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.6
)
 

Total Assets
 
23.4

 
(11.1
)
 
12.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
17.0

 
(10.7
)
 
6.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
2.6

 
(1.0
)
 
1.6

Total Liabilities
 
19.6

 
(11.7
)
 
7.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
3.8

 
$
0.6

 
$
4.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

Total Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
5.8

 
(0.1
)
 
5.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
9.0

 

 
9.0

Total Liabilities
 
14.8

 
(0.1
)
 
14.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(14.7
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(14.6
)

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

Total Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
15.1

 
$
0.5

 
$
15.6


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.3

 
$
(0.1
)
 
$
1.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.3

 
(0.1
)
 
1.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
1.1

 
$
0.1

 
$
1.2


PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.6

 
$

 
$
0.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.6

 

 
0.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.1

 
$
0.3

 
$
0.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.4

 
$

 
$
1.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.4

 

 
1.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.4

 
(0.1
)
 
2.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.4

 

 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
2.8

 
(0.1
)
 
2.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(1.4
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(1.3
)

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$
0.8

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.8

 

 
0.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
3.4

 
(0.3
)
 
3.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.1

 

 
2.1

Total Liabilities
 
5.5

 
(0.3
)
 
5.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(4.7
)
 
$
0.3

 
$
(4.4
)

(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

The tables below present the Registrants’ activity of derivative risk management contracts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.1

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
21.1

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.0
)
 
0.9

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
1.0

 
1.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
1.3

 
0.5

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.2
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.4
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 

Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(14.3
)
 
(12.6
)
 
1.1

 
(5.6
)
 
0.3

 
2.6

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
17.1

 
6.4

 
1.8

 

 
2.9

 
6.5

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
24.7

 
$
(5.7
)
 
$
5.6

 
$
(5.8
)
 
$
3.2

 
$
9.0


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
1.5

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
10.2

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
0.5

 
0.6

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.3

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
0.4

 

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.6
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.7
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
4.1

 
0.6

 
0.3

 

 
1.0

 
2.1

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
49.1

 
26.8

 
8.4

 
(7.3
)
 
6.3

 
9.4

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
64.0

 
$
28.0

 
$
10.3

 
$
(7.5
)
 
$
7.1

 
$
11.3


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.7

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
40.9

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.8
)
 
2.5

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
2.1

 
5.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.4

 
1.9

 
0.1

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.9
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(28.4
)
 
(12.4
)
 
1.4

 
(20.5
)
 
0.3

 
2.7

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
29.3

 
22.3

 
5.7

 
(15.2
)
 
2.4

 
11.0

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
43.8

 
$
11.8

 
$
15.3

 
$
(36.1
)
 
$
2.5

 
$
13.4


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
6.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
59.0

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
1.1

 
3.2

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.4

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.6

 
0.7

 
0.3

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 

 
1.3

 
(0.2
)
 

 
0.8

 
(1.4
)
Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
53.6

 
28.6

 
5.8

 
(2.6
)
 
5.6

 
13.3

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
119.8

 
$
31.6

 
$
9.9

 
$
(3.1
)
 
$
6.0

 
$
11.5

(a)
Represents realized and unrealized gains and losses subject to regulatory accounting treatment recorded as either current or noncurrent on the balance sheets.
Certain qualifying derivative instruments have been designated as normal purchase or normal sale contracts, as provided in the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative contracts that have been designated as normal purchases or normal sales under that accounting guidance are not subject to MTM accounting treatment and are recognized on the statements of income on an accrual basis.

The accounting for the changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it qualifies for and has been designated as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. Depending on the exposure, management designates a hedging instrument as a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge.

For contracts that have not been designated as part of a hedging relationship, the accounting for changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative instrument is held for trading purposes. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments held for trading purposes are included in revenues on a net basis on the statements of income. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments not held for trading purposes are included in revenues or expenses on the statements of income depending on the relevant facts and circumstances. Certain derivatives that economically hedge future commodity risk are recorded in the same expense line item on the statements of income as that of the associated risk. However, unrealized and some realized gains and losses in regulated jurisdictions for both trading and non-trading derivative instruments are recorded as regulatory assets (for losses) or regulatory liabilities (for gains) in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Regulated Operations.”

In connection with OPCo’s June 2012 - May 2015 ESP, the PUCO ordered OPCo to conduct energy and capacity auctions for its entire SSO load for delivery beginning in June 2015, see Note 4 - Rate Matters. These auctions resulted in a range of products, including 12-month, 24-month, and 36-month periods. The delivery period for each contract is scheduled to start on the first day of June of each year, immediately following the auction. Certain affiliated Vertically Integrated Utility and Generation & Marketing segment entities participated in the auction process and were awarded tranches of OPCo’s SSO load. The underlying contracts are derivatives subject to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” and are accounted for using MTM accounting, unless the contract has been designated as a normal purchase or normal sale.

Accounting for Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

For fair value hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability or an identified portion thereof attributable to a particular risk), the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item associated with the hedged risk impacts Net Income during the period of change.

AEP records realized and unrealized gains or losses on interest rate swaps that qualify for fair value hedge accounting treatment and any offsetting changes in the fair value of the debt being hedged in Interest Expense on the statements of income. The following table shows the results of hedging gains (losses) during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(in millions)
Gain on Fair Value Hedging Instruments
$
0.6

 
$
1.4

 
$
4.1

 
$
5.9

Loss on Fair Value Portion of Long-term Debt
(0.6
)
 
(1.4
)
 
(4.1
)
 
(5.9
)


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial.

Accounting for Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

For cash flow hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk), the Registrants initially report the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets until the period the hedged item affects Net Income. The Registrants recognize any hedge ineffectiveness in Net Income immediately during the period of change, except in regulated jurisdictions where hedge ineffectiveness would be recorded as a regulatory asset (for losses) or a regulatory liability (for gains) if applicable.

Realized gains and losses on derivative contracts for the purchase and sale of power designated as cash flow hedges are included in Total Revenues or Purchased Electricity for Resale on the statements of income or in Regulatory Assets or Regulatory Liabilities on the balance sheets, depending on the specific nature of the risk being hedged. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives.

The Registrants reclassify gains and losses on interest rate derivative hedges related to debt financings from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Interest Expense on the statements of income in those periods in which hedged interest payments occur. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015,the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives.
The accumulated gains or losses related to foreign currency hedges are reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Depreciation and Amortization expense on the statements of income over the depreciable lives of the fixed assets designated as the hedged items in qualifying foreign currency hedging relationships. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrants did not apply cash flow hedging to any outstanding foreign currency derivatives.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial or nonexistent for all of the hedge strategies disclosed above.

For details on effective cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets and the reasons for changes in cash flow hedges, see Note 3.

Cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were:

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on AEP’s
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
 
(in millions)
Hedging Assets (a)
 
$
28.3

 
$

 
$
17.6

 
$

Hedging Liabilities (a)
 
25.3

 
0.2

 
26.1

 
0.4

AOCI Gain (Loss) Net of Tax
 
1.9

 
(16.5
)
 
(5.2
)
 
(17.2
)
Portion Expected to be Reclassified to Net Income During the Next Twelve Months
 
2.3

 
(1.3
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(1.5
)

(a)
Hedging Assets and Hedging Liabilities are included in Risk Management Assets and Liabilities on the balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2016 the maximum length of time that AEP is hedging its exposure to variability in future cash flows related to forecasted transactions is 138 months.

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on the Registrant Subsidiaries’
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
Company
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
 
(in millions)
APCo
 
$
3.2

 
$
0.7

 
$
3.6

 
$
0.7

I&M
 
(12.6
)
 
(1.3
)
 
(13.3
)
 
(1.3
)
OPCo
 
3.5

 
1.1

 
4.3

 
1.2

PSO
 
3.8

 
0.8

 
4.2

 
0.8

SWEPCo
 
(8.2
)
 
(1.6
)
 
(9.1
)
 
(1.7
)


The actual amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to Net Income can differ from the estimate above due to market price changes.


Credit Risk

Management limits credit risk in wholesale marketing and trading activities by assessing the creditworthiness of potential counterparties before entering into transactions with them and continuing to evaluate their creditworthiness on an ongoing basis. Management uses Moody’s, Standard and Poor’s and current market-based qualitative and quantitative data as well as financial statements to assess the financial health of counterparties on an ongoing basis.

Master agreements are typically used to facilitate the netting of cash flows associated with a single counterparty and may include collateral requirements. Collateral requirements in the form of cash, letters of credit and parental/affiliate guarantees may be obtained as security from counterparties in order to mitigate credit risk. A counterparty is required to post cash or letters of credit in the event exposure exceeds the established threshold. The threshold represents an unsecured credit limit which may be supported by a parental/affiliate guaranty, as determined in accordance with AEP’s credit policy. In addition, master agreements allow for termination and liquidation of all positions in the event of a failure or inability to post collateral.

Collateral Triggering Events

Credit Downgrade Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo)

Under the tariffs of the RTOs and Independent System Operators (ISOs) and a limited number of derivative and non-derivative contracts primarily related to competitive retail auction loads, additional amounts of collateral are required if certain credit ratings decline below a specified rating threshold.  The amount of collateral required fluctuates based on market prices and total exposure.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these collateral triggering items in contracts.  AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo have not experienced a downgrade below a specified rating threshold that would require the posting of additional collateral.  There is no exposure relating to derivative contracts, however, there is exposure relating to RTOs, ISOs and non-derivative contracts. The following table represents the exposure if credit ratings were to decline below a specified rating threshold as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
Company
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
AEP
 
$
14.7

 
$
289.7

(a)
 
$
17.5

 
$
297.8

(a)
APCo
 
1.1

 

 
 
4.9

 
0.1

 
I&M
 
0.8

 

 
 
3.3

 
0.1

 
PSO
 
4.5

 
3.2

 
 

 
3.2

 
SWEPCo
 
5.6

 
0.1

 
 

 
0.1

 

(a)
Represents the amount of collateral AEP subsidiaries would have been required to post for other significant non-derivative contracts including AGR jointly owned plant contracts and various other commodity related contacts.

Cross-Default Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo and I&M)

In addition, a majority of non-exchange traded commodity contracts contain cross-default provisions that, if triggered, would permit the counterparty to declare a default and require settlement of the outstanding payable. These cross-default provisions could be triggered if there was a non-performance event by Parent or the obligor under outstanding debt or a third party obligation that is $50 million or greater.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these cross-default provisions in the contracts. The following tables represent: (a) the fair value of these derivative liabilities subject to cross-default provisions prior to consideration of contractual netting arrangements, (b) the amount that the exposure has been reduced by cash collateral posted and (c) if a cross-default provision would have been triggered, the settlement amount that would be required after considering contractual netting arrangements as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
251.6

 
$

 
$
200.4

APCo
 
2.0

 

 
1.9

I&M
 
1.3

 

 
1.3

 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
300.1

 
$
0.8

 
$
240.6

APCo
 
3.7

 

 
3.7

I&M
 
2.5

 

 
2.5

Indiana Michigan Power Co [Member]  
Derivatives and Hedging
DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING

The disclosures in this note apply to all Registrants unless indicated otherwise.

OBJECTIVES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

AEPSC is agent for and transacts on behalf of AEP subsidiaries, including the Registrant Subsidiaries. AEPEP is agent for and transacts on behalf of other AEP subsidiaries.

The Registrants are exposed to certain market risks as major power producers and participants in the electricity, capacity, natural gas, coal and emission allowance markets.  These risks include commodity price risks which may be subject to capacity risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency exchange risk.  These risks represent the risk of loss that may impact the Registrants due to changes in the underlying market prices or rates.  Management utilizes derivative instruments to manage these risks.

STRATEGIES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS TO ACHIEVE OBJECTIVES

Risk Management Strategies

The strategy surrounding the use of derivative instruments primarily focuses on managing risk exposures, future cash flows and creating value utilizing both economic and formal hedging strategies. The risk management strategies also include the use of derivative instruments for trading purposes which focus on seizing market opportunities to create value driven by expected changes in the market prices of the commodities. To accomplish these objectives, the Registrants primarily employ risk management contracts including physical and financial forward purchase-and-sale contracts and, to a lesser extent, OTC swaps and options. Not all risk management contracts meet the definition of a derivative under the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative risk management contracts elected normal under the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception are not subject to the requirements of this accounting guidance.

The Registrants utilize power, capacity, coal, natural gas, interest rate and, to a lesser extent, heating oil, gasoline and other commodity contracts to manage the risk associated with the energy business. The Registrants utilize interest rate derivative contracts in order to manage the interest rate exposure associated with the commodity portfolio. For disclosure purposes, such risks are grouped as “Commodity,” as these risks are related to energy risk management activities. The Registrants also utilize derivative contracts to manage interest rate risk associated with debt financing and foreign currency risk associated with future purchase obligations denominated in foreign currencies. For disclosure purposes, these risks are grouped as “Interest Rate and Foreign Currency.” The amount of risk taken is determined by the Commercial Operations, Energy Supply and Finance groups in accordance with established risk management policies as approved by the Finance Committee of the Board of Directors.


The following tables represent the gross notional volume of the Registrants’ outstanding derivative contracts as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
469.5

 
86.7

 
28.2

 
11.4

 
25.7

 
31.8

Coal
 
Tons
 
2.8

 

 
0.9

 

 

 
1.9

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
43.2

 
0.2

 
0.1

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
8.9

 
1.7

 
0.8

 
1.9

 
1.0

 
1.1

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
96.1

 
$
1.2

 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
559.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$


Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
317.8

 
40.9

 
22.8

 
13.3

 
11.3

 
14.0

Coal
 
Tons
 
4.4

 

 
1.6

 

 

 
2.8

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
38.2

 
0.3

 
0.2

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
7.4

 
1.4

 
0.7

 
1.6

 
0.8

 
0.9

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
113.5

 
$
2.4

 
$
1.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
560.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$



Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

Parent enters into interest rate derivative transactions as part of an overall strategy to manage the mix of fixed-rate and floating-rate debt. Certain interest rate derivative transactions effectively modify exposure to interest rate risk by converting a portion of fixed-rate debt to a floating rate. Provided specific criteria are met, these interest rate derivatives are designated as fair value hedges.

Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

The Registrants utilize cash flow hedges on certain derivative transactions for the purchase and sale of power (“Commodity”) in order to manage the variable price risk related to forecasted purchases and sales. Management monitors the potential impacts of commodity price changes and, where appropriate, enters into derivative transactions to protect profit margins for a portion of future electricity sales and purchases. The Registrants do not hedge all commodity price risk.

The Registrants utilize a variety of interest rate derivative transactions in order to manage interest rate risk exposure. The Registrants also utilize interest rate derivative contracts to manage interest rate exposure related to future borrowings of fixed-rate debt. The Registrants do not hedge all interest rate exposure.

At times, the Registrants are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risks primarily when some fixed assets are purchased from foreign suppliers. In accordance with AEP’s risk management policy, the Registrants may utilize foreign currency derivative transactions to protect against the risk of increased cash outflows resulting from a foreign currency’s appreciation against the dollar. The Registrants do not hedge all foreign currency exposure.
ACCOUNTING FOR DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND THE IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” requires recognition of all qualifying derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheets at fair value. The fair values of derivative instruments accounted for using MTM accounting or hedge accounting are based on exchange prices and broker quotes. If a quoted market price is not available, the estimate of fair value is based on the best information available including valuation models that estimate future energy prices based on existing market and broker quotes, supply and demand market data and assumptions. In order to determine the relevant fair values of the derivative instruments, the Registrants apply valuation adjustments for discounting, liquidity and credit quality.

Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will fail to perform on the contract or fail to pay amounts due. Liquidity risk represents the risk that imperfections in the market will cause the price to vary from estimated fair value based upon prevailing market supply and demand conditions. Since energy markets are imperfect and volatile, there are inherent risks related to the underlying assumptions in models used to fair value risk management contracts. Unforeseen events may cause reasonable price curves to differ from actual price curves throughout a contract’s term and at the time a contract settles. Consequently, there could be significant adverse or favorable effects on future net income and cash flows if market prices are not consistent with management’s estimates of current market consensus for forward prices in the current period. This is particularly true for longer term contracts. Cash flows may vary based on market conditions, margin requirements and the timing of settlement of risk management contracts.

According to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging,” the Registrants reflect the fair values of derivative instruments subject to netting agreements with the same counterparty net of related cash collateral. For certain risk management contracts, the Registrants are required to post or receive cash collateral based on third party contractual agreements and risk profiles. For the June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 balance sheets, the Registrants netted cash collateral received from third parties against short-term and long-term risk management assets and cash collateral paid to third parties against short-term and long-term risk management liabilities as follows:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Company
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
5.6

 
$
16.3

 
$
5.8

 
$
44.4

APCo
 
0.5

 
0.1

 

 
3.1

I&M
 
0.2

 
0.8

 

 
0.6

OPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.5

PSO
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3

SWEPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3


The following tables represent the gross fair value of the Registrants’ derivative activity on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

AEP

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
307.8

 
$
8.9

 
$
0.9

 
$
317.6

 
$
(206.5
)
 
$
111.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
336.4

 
25.5

 
0.2

 
362.1

 
(63.6
)
 
298.5

Total Assets
 
644.2

 
34.4

 
1.1

 
679.7

 
(270.1
)
 
409.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
289.6

 
5.1

 
0.2

 
294.9

 
(209.2
)
 
85.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
212.1

 
26.3

 

 
238.4

 
(71.6
)
 
166.8

Total Liabilities
 
501.7

 
31.4

 
0.2

 
533.3

 
(280.8
)
 
252.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
142.5

 
$
3.0

 
$
0.9

 
$
146.4

 
$
10.7

 
$
157.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AEP
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
368.8

 
$
8.2

 
$
0.1

 
$
377.1

 
$
(242.7
)
 
$
134.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
364.8

 
11.7

 

 
376.5

 
(54.7
)
 
321.8

Total Assets
 
733.6

 
19.9

 
0.1

 
753.6

 
(297.4
)
 
456.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
347.0

 
9.1

 
0.3

 
356.4

 
(269.3
)
 
87.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
223.3

 
19.3

 
3.2

 
245.8

 
(66.7
)
 
179.1

Total Liabilities
 
570.3

 
28.4

 
3.5

 
602.2

 
(336.0
)
 
266.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
163.3

 
$
(8.5
)
 
$
(3.4
)
 
$
151.4

 
$
38.6

 
$
190.0


(a)
Derivative instruments within these categories are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
$
16.9

 
$
(11.7
)
 
$
5.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
17.4

 
(12.0
)
 
5.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
29.8

 
(11.3
)
 
18.5

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.3
)
 
0.3

Total Liabilities
 
30.4

 
(11.6
)
 
18.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Liabilities
 
$
(13.0
)
 
$
(0.4
)
 
$
(13.4
)

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
25.9

 
$
(10.3
)
 
$
15.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Assets
 
26.2

 
(10.5
)
 
15.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
18.1

 
(13.3
)
 
4.8

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Liabilities
 
18.4

 
(13.5
)
 
4.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
7.8

 
$
3.0

 
$
10.8


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
14.6

 
$
(9.5
)
 
$
5.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
15.1

 
(9.8
)
 
5.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
13.7

 
(10.1
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.7

 
(0.3
)
 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
14.4

 
(10.4
)
 
4.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.7

 
$
0.6

 
$
1.3


I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
22.8

 
$
(10.5
)
 
$
12.3

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.6
)
 

Total Assets
 
23.4

 
(11.1
)
 
12.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
17.0

 
(10.7
)
 
6.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
2.6

 
(1.0
)
 
1.6

Total Liabilities
 
19.6

 
(11.7
)
 
7.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
3.8

 
$
0.6

 
$
4.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

Total Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
5.8

 
(0.1
)
 
5.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
9.0

 

 
9.0

Total Liabilities
 
14.8

 
(0.1
)
 
14.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(14.7
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(14.6
)

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

Total Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
15.1

 
$
0.5

 
$
15.6


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.3

 
$
(0.1
)
 
$
1.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.3

 
(0.1
)
 
1.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
1.1

 
$
0.1

 
$
1.2


PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.6

 
$

 
$
0.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.6

 

 
0.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.1

 
$
0.3

 
$
0.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.4

 
$

 
$
1.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.4

 

 
1.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.4

 
(0.1
)
 
2.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.4

 

 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
2.8

 
(0.1
)
 
2.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(1.4
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(1.3
)

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$
0.8

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.8

 

 
0.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
3.4

 
(0.3
)
 
3.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.1

 

 
2.1

Total Liabilities
 
5.5

 
(0.3
)
 
5.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(4.7
)
 
$
0.3

 
$
(4.4
)

(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

The tables below present the Registrants’ activity of derivative risk management contracts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.1

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
21.1

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.0
)
 
0.9

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
1.0

 
1.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
1.3

 
0.5

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.2
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.4
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 

Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(14.3
)
 
(12.6
)
 
1.1

 
(5.6
)
 
0.3

 
2.6

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
17.1

 
6.4

 
1.8

 

 
2.9

 
6.5

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
24.7

 
$
(5.7
)
 
$
5.6

 
$
(5.8
)
 
$
3.2

 
$
9.0


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
1.5

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
10.2

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
0.5

 
0.6

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.3

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
0.4

 

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.6
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.7
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
4.1

 
0.6

 
0.3

 

 
1.0

 
2.1

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
49.1

 
26.8

 
8.4

 
(7.3
)
 
6.3

 
9.4

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
64.0

 
$
28.0

 
$
10.3

 
$
(7.5
)
 
$
7.1

 
$
11.3


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.7

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
40.9

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.8
)
 
2.5

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
2.1

 
5.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.4

 
1.9

 
0.1

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.9
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(28.4
)
 
(12.4
)
 
1.4

 
(20.5
)
 
0.3

 
2.7

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
29.3

 
22.3

 
5.7

 
(15.2
)
 
2.4

 
11.0

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
43.8

 
$
11.8

 
$
15.3

 
$
(36.1
)
 
$
2.5

 
$
13.4


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
6.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
59.0

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
1.1

 
3.2

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.4

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.6

 
0.7

 
0.3

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 

 
1.3

 
(0.2
)
 

 
0.8

 
(1.4
)
Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
53.6

 
28.6

 
5.8

 
(2.6
)
 
5.6

 
13.3

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
119.8

 
$
31.6

 
$
9.9

 
$
(3.1
)
 
$
6.0

 
$
11.5

(a)
Represents realized and unrealized gains and losses subject to regulatory accounting treatment recorded as either current or noncurrent on the balance sheets.
Certain qualifying derivative instruments have been designated as normal purchase or normal sale contracts, as provided in the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative contracts that have been designated as normal purchases or normal sales under that accounting guidance are not subject to MTM accounting treatment and are recognized on the statements of income on an accrual basis.

The accounting for the changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it qualifies for and has been designated as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. Depending on the exposure, management designates a hedging instrument as a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge.

For contracts that have not been designated as part of a hedging relationship, the accounting for changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative instrument is held for trading purposes. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments held for trading purposes are included in revenues on a net basis on the statements of income. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments not held for trading purposes are included in revenues or expenses on the statements of income depending on the relevant facts and circumstances. Certain derivatives that economically hedge future commodity risk are recorded in the same expense line item on the statements of income as that of the associated risk. However, unrealized and some realized gains and losses in regulated jurisdictions for both trading and non-trading derivative instruments are recorded as regulatory assets (for losses) or regulatory liabilities (for gains) in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Regulated Operations.”

In connection with OPCo’s June 2012 - May 2015 ESP, the PUCO ordered OPCo to conduct energy and capacity auctions for its entire SSO load for delivery beginning in June 2015, see Note 4 - Rate Matters. These auctions resulted in a range of products, including 12-month, 24-month, and 36-month periods. The delivery period for each contract is scheduled to start on the first day of June of each year, immediately following the auction. Certain affiliated Vertically Integrated Utility and Generation & Marketing segment entities participated in the auction process and were awarded tranches of OPCo’s SSO load. The underlying contracts are derivatives subject to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” and are accounted for using MTM accounting, unless the contract has been designated as a normal purchase or normal sale.

Accounting for Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

For fair value hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability or an identified portion thereof attributable to a particular risk), the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item associated with the hedged risk impacts Net Income during the period of change.

AEP records realized and unrealized gains or losses on interest rate swaps that qualify for fair value hedge accounting treatment and any offsetting changes in the fair value of the debt being hedged in Interest Expense on the statements of income. The following table shows the results of hedging gains (losses) during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(in millions)
Gain on Fair Value Hedging Instruments
$
0.6

 
$
1.4

 
$
4.1

 
$
5.9

Loss on Fair Value Portion of Long-term Debt
(0.6
)
 
(1.4
)
 
(4.1
)
 
(5.9
)


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial.

Accounting for Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

For cash flow hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk), the Registrants initially report the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets until the period the hedged item affects Net Income. The Registrants recognize any hedge ineffectiveness in Net Income immediately during the period of change, except in regulated jurisdictions where hedge ineffectiveness would be recorded as a regulatory asset (for losses) or a regulatory liability (for gains) if applicable.

Realized gains and losses on derivative contracts for the purchase and sale of power designated as cash flow hedges are included in Total Revenues or Purchased Electricity for Resale on the statements of income or in Regulatory Assets or Regulatory Liabilities on the balance sheets, depending on the specific nature of the risk being hedged. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives.

The Registrants reclassify gains and losses on interest rate derivative hedges related to debt financings from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Interest Expense on the statements of income in those periods in which hedged interest payments occur. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015,the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives.
The accumulated gains or losses related to foreign currency hedges are reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Depreciation and Amortization expense on the statements of income over the depreciable lives of the fixed assets designated as the hedged items in qualifying foreign currency hedging relationships. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrants did not apply cash flow hedging to any outstanding foreign currency derivatives.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial or nonexistent for all of the hedge strategies disclosed above.

For details on effective cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets and the reasons for changes in cash flow hedges, see Note 3.

Cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were:

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on AEP’s
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
 
(in millions)
Hedging Assets (a)
 
$
28.3

 
$

 
$
17.6

 
$

Hedging Liabilities (a)
 
25.3

 
0.2

 
26.1

 
0.4

AOCI Gain (Loss) Net of Tax
 
1.9

 
(16.5
)
 
(5.2
)
 
(17.2
)
Portion Expected to be Reclassified to Net Income During the Next Twelve Months
 
2.3

 
(1.3
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(1.5
)

(a)
Hedging Assets and Hedging Liabilities are included in Risk Management Assets and Liabilities on the balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2016 the maximum length of time that AEP is hedging its exposure to variability in future cash flows related to forecasted transactions is 138 months.

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on the Registrant Subsidiaries’
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
Company
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
 
(in millions)
APCo
 
$
3.2

 
$
0.7

 
$
3.6

 
$
0.7

I&M
 
(12.6
)
 
(1.3
)
 
(13.3
)
 
(1.3
)
OPCo
 
3.5

 
1.1

 
4.3

 
1.2

PSO
 
3.8

 
0.8

 
4.2

 
0.8

SWEPCo
 
(8.2
)
 
(1.6
)
 
(9.1
)
 
(1.7
)


The actual amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to Net Income can differ from the estimate above due to market price changes.


Credit Risk

Management limits credit risk in wholesale marketing and trading activities by assessing the creditworthiness of potential counterparties before entering into transactions with them and continuing to evaluate their creditworthiness on an ongoing basis. Management uses Moody’s, Standard and Poor’s and current market-based qualitative and quantitative data as well as financial statements to assess the financial health of counterparties on an ongoing basis.

Master agreements are typically used to facilitate the netting of cash flows associated with a single counterparty and may include collateral requirements. Collateral requirements in the form of cash, letters of credit and parental/affiliate guarantees may be obtained as security from counterparties in order to mitigate credit risk. A counterparty is required to post cash or letters of credit in the event exposure exceeds the established threshold. The threshold represents an unsecured credit limit which may be supported by a parental/affiliate guaranty, as determined in accordance with AEP’s credit policy. In addition, master agreements allow for termination and liquidation of all positions in the event of a failure or inability to post collateral.

Collateral Triggering Events

Credit Downgrade Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo)

Under the tariffs of the RTOs and Independent System Operators (ISOs) and a limited number of derivative and non-derivative contracts primarily related to competitive retail auction loads, additional amounts of collateral are required if certain credit ratings decline below a specified rating threshold.  The amount of collateral required fluctuates based on market prices and total exposure.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these collateral triggering items in contracts.  AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo have not experienced a downgrade below a specified rating threshold that would require the posting of additional collateral.  There is no exposure relating to derivative contracts, however, there is exposure relating to RTOs, ISOs and non-derivative contracts. The following table represents the exposure if credit ratings were to decline below a specified rating threshold as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
Company
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
AEP
 
$
14.7

 
$
289.7

(a)
 
$
17.5

 
$
297.8

(a)
APCo
 
1.1

 

 
 
4.9

 
0.1

 
I&M
 
0.8

 

 
 
3.3

 
0.1

 
PSO
 
4.5

 
3.2

 
 

 
3.2

 
SWEPCo
 
5.6

 
0.1

 
 

 
0.1

 

(a)
Represents the amount of collateral AEP subsidiaries would have been required to post for other significant non-derivative contracts including AGR jointly owned plant contracts and various other commodity related contacts.

Cross-Default Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo and I&M)

In addition, a majority of non-exchange traded commodity contracts contain cross-default provisions that, if triggered, would permit the counterparty to declare a default and require settlement of the outstanding payable. These cross-default provisions could be triggered if there was a non-performance event by Parent or the obligor under outstanding debt or a third party obligation that is $50 million or greater.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these cross-default provisions in the contracts. The following tables represent: (a) the fair value of these derivative liabilities subject to cross-default provisions prior to consideration of contractual netting arrangements, (b) the amount that the exposure has been reduced by cash collateral posted and (c) if a cross-default provision would have been triggered, the settlement amount that would be required after considering contractual netting arrangements as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
251.6

 
$

 
$
200.4

APCo
 
2.0

 

 
1.9

I&M
 
1.3

 

 
1.3

 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
300.1

 
$
0.8

 
$
240.6

APCo
 
3.7

 

 
3.7

I&M
 
2.5

 

 
2.5

Ohio Power Co [Member]  
Derivatives and Hedging
DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING

The disclosures in this note apply to all Registrants unless indicated otherwise.

OBJECTIVES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

AEPSC is agent for and transacts on behalf of AEP subsidiaries, including the Registrant Subsidiaries. AEPEP is agent for and transacts on behalf of other AEP subsidiaries.

The Registrants are exposed to certain market risks as major power producers and participants in the electricity, capacity, natural gas, coal and emission allowance markets.  These risks include commodity price risks which may be subject to capacity risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency exchange risk.  These risks represent the risk of loss that may impact the Registrants due to changes in the underlying market prices or rates.  Management utilizes derivative instruments to manage these risks.

STRATEGIES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS TO ACHIEVE OBJECTIVES

Risk Management Strategies

The strategy surrounding the use of derivative instruments primarily focuses on managing risk exposures, future cash flows and creating value utilizing both economic and formal hedging strategies. The risk management strategies also include the use of derivative instruments for trading purposes which focus on seizing market opportunities to create value driven by expected changes in the market prices of the commodities. To accomplish these objectives, the Registrants primarily employ risk management contracts including physical and financial forward purchase-and-sale contracts and, to a lesser extent, OTC swaps and options. Not all risk management contracts meet the definition of a derivative under the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative risk management contracts elected normal under the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception are not subject to the requirements of this accounting guidance.

The Registrants utilize power, capacity, coal, natural gas, interest rate and, to a lesser extent, heating oil, gasoline and other commodity contracts to manage the risk associated with the energy business. The Registrants utilize interest rate derivative contracts in order to manage the interest rate exposure associated with the commodity portfolio. For disclosure purposes, such risks are grouped as “Commodity,” as these risks are related to energy risk management activities. The Registrants also utilize derivative contracts to manage interest rate risk associated with debt financing and foreign currency risk associated with future purchase obligations denominated in foreign currencies. For disclosure purposes, these risks are grouped as “Interest Rate and Foreign Currency.” The amount of risk taken is determined by the Commercial Operations, Energy Supply and Finance groups in accordance with established risk management policies as approved by the Finance Committee of the Board of Directors.


The following tables represent the gross notional volume of the Registrants’ outstanding derivative contracts as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
469.5

 
86.7

 
28.2

 
11.4

 
25.7

 
31.8

Coal
 
Tons
 
2.8

 

 
0.9

 

 

 
1.9

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
43.2

 
0.2

 
0.1

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
8.9

 
1.7

 
0.8

 
1.9

 
1.0

 
1.1

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
96.1

 
$
1.2

 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
559.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$


Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
317.8

 
40.9

 
22.8

 
13.3

 
11.3

 
14.0

Coal
 
Tons
 
4.4

 

 
1.6

 

 

 
2.8

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
38.2

 
0.3

 
0.2

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
7.4

 
1.4

 
0.7

 
1.6

 
0.8

 
0.9

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
113.5

 
$
2.4

 
$
1.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
560.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$



Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

Parent enters into interest rate derivative transactions as part of an overall strategy to manage the mix of fixed-rate and floating-rate debt. Certain interest rate derivative transactions effectively modify exposure to interest rate risk by converting a portion of fixed-rate debt to a floating rate. Provided specific criteria are met, these interest rate derivatives are designated as fair value hedges.

Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

The Registrants utilize cash flow hedges on certain derivative transactions for the purchase and sale of power (“Commodity”) in order to manage the variable price risk related to forecasted purchases and sales. Management monitors the potential impacts of commodity price changes and, where appropriate, enters into derivative transactions to protect profit margins for a portion of future electricity sales and purchases. The Registrants do not hedge all commodity price risk.

The Registrants utilize a variety of interest rate derivative transactions in order to manage interest rate risk exposure. The Registrants also utilize interest rate derivative contracts to manage interest rate exposure related to future borrowings of fixed-rate debt. The Registrants do not hedge all interest rate exposure.

At times, the Registrants are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risks primarily when some fixed assets are purchased from foreign suppliers. In accordance with AEP’s risk management policy, the Registrants may utilize foreign currency derivative transactions to protect against the risk of increased cash outflows resulting from a foreign currency’s appreciation against the dollar. The Registrants do not hedge all foreign currency exposure.
ACCOUNTING FOR DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND THE IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” requires recognition of all qualifying derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheets at fair value. The fair values of derivative instruments accounted for using MTM accounting or hedge accounting are based on exchange prices and broker quotes. If a quoted market price is not available, the estimate of fair value is based on the best information available including valuation models that estimate future energy prices based on existing market and broker quotes, supply and demand market data and assumptions. In order to determine the relevant fair values of the derivative instruments, the Registrants apply valuation adjustments for discounting, liquidity and credit quality.

Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will fail to perform on the contract or fail to pay amounts due. Liquidity risk represents the risk that imperfections in the market will cause the price to vary from estimated fair value based upon prevailing market supply and demand conditions. Since energy markets are imperfect and volatile, there are inherent risks related to the underlying assumptions in models used to fair value risk management contracts. Unforeseen events may cause reasonable price curves to differ from actual price curves throughout a contract’s term and at the time a contract settles. Consequently, there could be significant adverse or favorable effects on future net income and cash flows if market prices are not consistent with management’s estimates of current market consensus for forward prices in the current period. This is particularly true for longer term contracts. Cash flows may vary based on market conditions, margin requirements and the timing of settlement of risk management contracts.

According to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging,” the Registrants reflect the fair values of derivative instruments subject to netting agreements with the same counterparty net of related cash collateral. For certain risk management contracts, the Registrants are required to post or receive cash collateral based on third party contractual agreements and risk profiles. For the June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 balance sheets, the Registrants netted cash collateral received from third parties against short-term and long-term risk management assets and cash collateral paid to third parties against short-term and long-term risk management liabilities as follows:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Company
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
5.6

 
$
16.3

 
$
5.8

 
$
44.4

APCo
 
0.5

 
0.1

 

 
3.1

I&M
 
0.2

 
0.8

 

 
0.6

OPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.5

PSO
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3

SWEPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3


The following tables represent the gross fair value of the Registrants’ derivative activity on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

AEP

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
307.8

 
$
8.9

 
$
0.9

 
$
317.6

 
$
(206.5
)
 
$
111.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
336.4

 
25.5

 
0.2

 
362.1

 
(63.6
)
 
298.5

Total Assets
 
644.2

 
34.4

 
1.1

 
679.7

 
(270.1
)
 
409.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
289.6

 
5.1

 
0.2

 
294.9

 
(209.2
)
 
85.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
212.1

 
26.3

 

 
238.4

 
(71.6
)
 
166.8

Total Liabilities
 
501.7

 
31.4

 
0.2

 
533.3

 
(280.8
)
 
252.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
142.5

 
$
3.0

 
$
0.9

 
$
146.4

 
$
10.7

 
$
157.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AEP
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
368.8

 
$
8.2

 
$
0.1

 
$
377.1

 
$
(242.7
)
 
$
134.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
364.8

 
11.7

 

 
376.5

 
(54.7
)
 
321.8

Total Assets
 
733.6

 
19.9

 
0.1

 
753.6

 
(297.4
)
 
456.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
347.0

 
9.1

 
0.3

 
356.4

 
(269.3
)
 
87.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
223.3

 
19.3

 
3.2

 
245.8

 
(66.7
)
 
179.1

Total Liabilities
 
570.3

 
28.4

 
3.5

 
602.2

 
(336.0
)
 
266.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
163.3

 
$
(8.5
)
 
$
(3.4
)
 
$
151.4

 
$
38.6

 
$
190.0


(a)
Derivative instruments within these categories are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
$
16.9

 
$
(11.7
)
 
$
5.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
17.4

 
(12.0
)
 
5.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
29.8

 
(11.3
)
 
18.5

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.3
)
 
0.3

Total Liabilities
 
30.4

 
(11.6
)
 
18.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Liabilities
 
$
(13.0
)
 
$
(0.4
)
 
$
(13.4
)

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
25.9

 
$
(10.3
)
 
$
15.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Assets
 
26.2

 
(10.5
)
 
15.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
18.1

 
(13.3
)
 
4.8

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Liabilities
 
18.4

 
(13.5
)
 
4.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
7.8

 
$
3.0

 
$
10.8


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
14.6

 
$
(9.5
)
 
$
5.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
15.1

 
(9.8
)
 
5.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
13.7

 
(10.1
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.7

 
(0.3
)
 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
14.4

 
(10.4
)
 
4.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.7

 
$
0.6

 
$
1.3


I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
22.8

 
$
(10.5
)
 
$
12.3

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.6
)
 

Total Assets
 
23.4

 
(11.1
)
 
12.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
17.0

 
(10.7
)
 
6.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
2.6

 
(1.0
)
 
1.6

Total Liabilities
 
19.6

 
(11.7
)
 
7.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
3.8

 
$
0.6

 
$
4.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

Total Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
5.8

 
(0.1
)
 
5.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
9.0

 

 
9.0

Total Liabilities
 
14.8

 
(0.1
)
 
14.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(14.7
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(14.6
)

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

Total Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
15.1

 
$
0.5

 
$
15.6


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.3

 
$
(0.1
)
 
$
1.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.3

 
(0.1
)
 
1.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
1.1

 
$
0.1

 
$
1.2


PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.6

 
$

 
$
0.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.6

 

 
0.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.1

 
$
0.3

 
$
0.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.4

 
$

 
$
1.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.4

 

 
1.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.4

 
(0.1
)
 
2.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.4

 

 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
2.8

 
(0.1
)
 
2.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(1.4
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(1.3
)

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$
0.8

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.8

 

 
0.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
3.4

 
(0.3
)
 
3.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.1

 

 
2.1

Total Liabilities
 
5.5

 
(0.3
)
 
5.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(4.7
)
 
$
0.3

 
$
(4.4
)

(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

The tables below present the Registrants’ activity of derivative risk management contracts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.1

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
21.1

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.0
)
 
0.9

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
1.0

 
1.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
1.3

 
0.5

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.2
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.4
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 

Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(14.3
)
 
(12.6
)
 
1.1

 
(5.6
)
 
0.3

 
2.6

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
17.1

 
6.4

 
1.8

 

 
2.9

 
6.5

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
24.7

 
$
(5.7
)
 
$
5.6

 
$
(5.8
)
 
$
3.2

 
$
9.0


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
1.5

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
10.2

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
0.5

 
0.6

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.3

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
0.4

 

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.6
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.7
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
4.1

 
0.6

 
0.3

 

 
1.0

 
2.1

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
49.1

 
26.8

 
8.4

 
(7.3
)
 
6.3

 
9.4

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
64.0

 
$
28.0

 
$
10.3

 
$
(7.5
)
 
$
7.1

 
$
11.3


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.7

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
40.9

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.8
)
 
2.5

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
2.1

 
5.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.4

 
1.9

 
0.1

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.9
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(28.4
)
 
(12.4
)
 
1.4

 
(20.5
)
 
0.3

 
2.7

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
29.3

 
22.3

 
5.7

 
(15.2
)
 
2.4

 
11.0

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
43.8

 
$
11.8

 
$
15.3

 
$
(36.1
)
 
$
2.5

 
$
13.4


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
6.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
59.0

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
1.1

 
3.2

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.4

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.6

 
0.7

 
0.3

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 

 
1.3

 
(0.2
)
 

 
0.8

 
(1.4
)
Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
53.6

 
28.6

 
5.8

 
(2.6
)
 
5.6

 
13.3

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
119.8

 
$
31.6

 
$
9.9

 
$
(3.1
)
 
$
6.0

 
$
11.5

(a)
Represents realized and unrealized gains and losses subject to regulatory accounting treatment recorded as either current or noncurrent on the balance sheets.
Certain qualifying derivative instruments have been designated as normal purchase or normal sale contracts, as provided in the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative contracts that have been designated as normal purchases or normal sales under that accounting guidance are not subject to MTM accounting treatment and are recognized on the statements of income on an accrual basis.

The accounting for the changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it qualifies for and has been designated as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. Depending on the exposure, management designates a hedging instrument as a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge.

For contracts that have not been designated as part of a hedging relationship, the accounting for changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative instrument is held for trading purposes. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments held for trading purposes are included in revenues on a net basis on the statements of income. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments not held for trading purposes are included in revenues or expenses on the statements of income depending on the relevant facts and circumstances. Certain derivatives that economically hedge future commodity risk are recorded in the same expense line item on the statements of income as that of the associated risk. However, unrealized and some realized gains and losses in regulated jurisdictions for both trading and non-trading derivative instruments are recorded as regulatory assets (for losses) or regulatory liabilities (for gains) in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Regulated Operations.”

In connection with OPCo’s June 2012 - May 2015 ESP, the PUCO ordered OPCo to conduct energy and capacity auctions for its entire SSO load for delivery beginning in June 2015, see Note 4 - Rate Matters. These auctions resulted in a range of products, including 12-month, 24-month, and 36-month periods. The delivery period for each contract is scheduled to start on the first day of June of each year, immediately following the auction. Certain affiliated Vertically Integrated Utility and Generation & Marketing segment entities participated in the auction process and were awarded tranches of OPCo’s SSO load. The underlying contracts are derivatives subject to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” and are accounted for using MTM accounting, unless the contract has been designated as a normal purchase or normal sale.

Accounting for Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

For fair value hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability or an identified portion thereof attributable to a particular risk), the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item associated with the hedged risk impacts Net Income during the period of change.

AEP records realized and unrealized gains or losses on interest rate swaps that qualify for fair value hedge accounting treatment and any offsetting changes in the fair value of the debt being hedged in Interest Expense on the statements of income. The following table shows the results of hedging gains (losses) during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(in millions)
Gain on Fair Value Hedging Instruments
$
0.6

 
$
1.4

 
$
4.1

 
$
5.9

Loss on Fair Value Portion of Long-term Debt
(0.6
)
 
(1.4
)
 
(4.1
)
 
(5.9
)


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial.

Accounting for Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

For cash flow hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk), the Registrants initially report the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets until the period the hedged item affects Net Income. The Registrants recognize any hedge ineffectiveness in Net Income immediately during the period of change, except in regulated jurisdictions where hedge ineffectiveness would be recorded as a regulatory asset (for losses) or a regulatory liability (for gains) if applicable.

Realized gains and losses on derivative contracts for the purchase and sale of power designated as cash flow hedges are included in Total Revenues or Purchased Electricity for Resale on the statements of income or in Regulatory Assets or Regulatory Liabilities on the balance sheets, depending on the specific nature of the risk being hedged. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives.

The Registrants reclassify gains and losses on interest rate derivative hedges related to debt financings from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Interest Expense on the statements of income in those periods in which hedged interest payments occur. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015,the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives.
The accumulated gains or losses related to foreign currency hedges are reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Depreciation and Amortization expense on the statements of income over the depreciable lives of the fixed assets designated as the hedged items in qualifying foreign currency hedging relationships. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrants did not apply cash flow hedging to any outstanding foreign currency derivatives.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial or nonexistent for all of the hedge strategies disclosed above.

For details on effective cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets and the reasons for changes in cash flow hedges, see Note 3.

Cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were:

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on AEP’s
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
 
(in millions)
Hedging Assets (a)
 
$
28.3

 
$

 
$
17.6

 
$

Hedging Liabilities (a)
 
25.3

 
0.2

 
26.1

 
0.4

AOCI Gain (Loss) Net of Tax
 
1.9

 
(16.5
)
 
(5.2
)
 
(17.2
)
Portion Expected to be Reclassified to Net Income During the Next Twelve Months
 
2.3

 
(1.3
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(1.5
)

(a)
Hedging Assets and Hedging Liabilities are included in Risk Management Assets and Liabilities on the balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2016 the maximum length of time that AEP is hedging its exposure to variability in future cash flows related to forecasted transactions is 138 months.

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on the Registrant Subsidiaries’
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
Company
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
 
(in millions)
APCo
 
$
3.2

 
$
0.7

 
$
3.6

 
$
0.7

I&M
 
(12.6
)
 
(1.3
)
 
(13.3
)
 
(1.3
)
OPCo
 
3.5

 
1.1

 
4.3

 
1.2

PSO
 
3.8

 
0.8

 
4.2

 
0.8

SWEPCo
 
(8.2
)
 
(1.6
)
 
(9.1
)
 
(1.7
)


The actual amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to Net Income can differ from the estimate above due to market price changes.


Credit Risk

Management limits credit risk in wholesale marketing and trading activities by assessing the creditworthiness of potential counterparties before entering into transactions with them and continuing to evaluate their creditworthiness on an ongoing basis. Management uses Moody’s, Standard and Poor’s and current market-based qualitative and quantitative data as well as financial statements to assess the financial health of counterparties on an ongoing basis.

Master agreements are typically used to facilitate the netting of cash flows associated with a single counterparty and may include collateral requirements. Collateral requirements in the form of cash, letters of credit and parental/affiliate guarantees may be obtained as security from counterparties in order to mitigate credit risk. A counterparty is required to post cash or letters of credit in the event exposure exceeds the established threshold. The threshold represents an unsecured credit limit which may be supported by a parental/affiliate guaranty, as determined in accordance with AEP’s credit policy. In addition, master agreements allow for termination and liquidation of all positions in the event of a failure or inability to post collateral.

Collateral Triggering Events

Credit Downgrade Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo)

Under the tariffs of the RTOs and Independent System Operators (ISOs) and a limited number of derivative and non-derivative contracts primarily related to competitive retail auction loads, additional amounts of collateral are required if certain credit ratings decline below a specified rating threshold.  The amount of collateral required fluctuates based on market prices and total exposure.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these collateral triggering items in contracts.  AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo have not experienced a downgrade below a specified rating threshold that would require the posting of additional collateral.  There is no exposure relating to derivative contracts, however, there is exposure relating to RTOs, ISOs and non-derivative contracts. The following table represents the exposure if credit ratings were to decline below a specified rating threshold as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
Company
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
AEP
 
$
14.7

 
$
289.7

(a)
 
$
17.5

 
$
297.8

(a)
APCo
 
1.1

 

 
 
4.9

 
0.1

 
I&M
 
0.8

 

 
 
3.3

 
0.1

 
PSO
 
4.5

 
3.2

 
 

 
3.2

 
SWEPCo
 
5.6

 
0.1

 
 

 
0.1

 

(a)
Represents the amount of collateral AEP subsidiaries would have been required to post for other significant non-derivative contracts including AGR jointly owned plant contracts and various other commodity related contacts.

Cross-Default Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo and I&M)

In addition, a majority of non-exchange traded commodity contracts contain cross-default provisions that, if triggered, would permit the counterparty to declare a default and require settlement of the outstanding payable. These cross-default provisions could be triggered if there was a non-performance event by Parent or the obligor under outstanding debt or a third party obligation that is $50 million or greater.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these cross-default provisions in the contracts. The following tables represent: (a) the fair value of these derivative liabilities subject to cross-default provisions prior to consideration of contractual netting arrangements, (b) the amount that the exposure has been reduced by cash collateral posted and (c) if a cross-default provision would have been triggered, the settlement amount that would be required after considering contractual netting arrangements as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
251.6

 
$

 
$
200.4

APCo
 
2.0

 

 
1.9

I&M
 
1.3

 

 
1.3

 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
300.1

 
$
0.8

 
$
240.6

APCo
 
3.7

 

 
3.7

I&M
 
2.5

 

 
2.5

Public Service Co Of Oklahoma [Member]  
Derivatives and Hedging
DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING

The disclosures in this note apply to all Registrants unless indicated otherwise.

OBJECTIVES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

AEPSC is agent for and transacts on behalf of AEP subsidiaries, including the Registrant Subsidiaries. AEPEP is agent for and transacts on behalf of other AEP subsidiaries.

The Registrants are exposed to certain market risks as major power producers and participants in the electricity, capacity, natural gas, coal and emission allowance markets.  These risks include commodity price risks which may be subject to capacity risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency exchange risk.  These risks represent the risk of loss that may impact the Registrants due to changes in the underlying market prices or rates.  Management utilizes derivative instruments to manage these risks.

STRATEGIES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS TO ACHIEVE OBJECTIVES

Risk Management Strategies

The strategy surrounding the use of derivative instruments primarily focuses on managing risk exposures, future cash flows and creating value utilizing both economic and formal hedging strategies. The risk management strategies also include the use of derivative instruments for trading purposes which focus on seizing market opportunities to create value driven by expected changes in the market prices of the commodities. To accomplish these objectives, the Registrants primarily employ risk management contracts including physical and financial forward purchase-and-sale contracts and, to a lesser extent, OTC swaps and options. Not all risk management contracts meet the definition of a derivative under the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative risk management contracts elected normal under the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception are not subject to the requirements of this accounting guidance.

The Registrants utilize power, capacity, coal, natural gas, interest rate and, to a lesser extent, heating oil, gasoline and other commodity contracts to manage the risk associated with the energy business. The Registrants utilize interest rate derivative contracts in order to manage the interest rate exposure associated with the commodity portfolio. For disclosure purposes, such risks are grouped as “Commodity,” as these risks are related to energy risk management activities. The Registrants also utilize derivative contracts to manage interest rate risk associated with debt financing and foreign currency risk associated with future purchase obligations denominated in foreign currencies. For disclosure purposes, these risks are grouped as “Interest Rate and Foreign Currency.” The amount of risk taken is determined by the Commercial Operations, Energy Supply and Finance groups in accordance with established risk management policies as approved by the Finance Committee of the Board of Directors.


The following tables represent the gross notional volume of the Registrants’ outstanding derivative contracts as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
469.5

 
86.7

 
28.2

 
11.4

 
25.7

 
31.8

Coal
 
Tons
 
2.8

 

 
0.9

 

 

 
1.9

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
43.2

 
0.2

 
0.1

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
8.9

 
1.7

 
0.8

 
1.9

 
1.0

 
1.1

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
96.1

 
$
1.2

 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
559.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$


Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
317.8

 
40.9

 
22.8

 
13.3

 
11.3

 
14.0

Coal
 
Tons
 
4.4

 

 
1.6

 

 

 
2.8

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
38.2

 
0.3

 
0.2

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
7.4

 
1.4

 
0.7

 
1.6

 
0.8

 
0.9

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
113.5

 
$
2.4

 
$
1.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
560.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$



Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

Parent enters into interest rate derivative transactions as part of an overall strategy to manage the mix of fixed-rate and floating-rate debt. Certain interest rate derivative transactions effectively modify exposure to interest rate risk by converting a portion of fixed-rate debt to a floating rate. Provided specific criteria are met, these interest rate derivatives are designated as fair value hedges.

Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

The Registrants utilize cash flow hedges on certain derivative transactions for the purchase and sale of power (“Commodity”) in order to manage the variable price risk related to forecasted purchases and sales. Management monitors the potential impacts of commodity price changes and, where appropriate, enters into derivative transactions to protect profit margins for a portion of future electricity sales and purchases. The Registrants do not hedge all commodity price risk.

The Registrants utilize a variety of interest rate derivative transactions in order to manage interest rate risk exposure. The Registrants also utilize interest rate derivative contracts to manage interest rate exposure related to future borrowings of fixed-rate debt. The Registrants do not hedge all interest rate exposure.

At times, the Registrants are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risks primarily when some fixed assets are purchased from foreign suppliers. In accordance with AEP’s risk management policy, the Registrants may utilize foreign currency derivative transactions to protect against the risk of increased cash outflows resulting from a foreign currency’s appreciation against the dollar. The Registrants do not hedge all foreign currency exposure.
ACCOUNTING FOR DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND THE IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” requires recognition of all qualifying derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheets at fair value. The fair values of derivative instruments accounted for using MTM accounting or hedge accounting are based on exchange prices and broker quotes. If a quoted market price is not available, the estimate of fair value is based on the best information available including valuation models that estimate future energy prices based on existing market and broker quotes, supply and demand market data and assumptions. In order to determine the relevant fair values of the derivative instruments, the Registrants apply valuation adjustments for discounting, liquidity and credit quality.

Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will fail to perform on the contract or fail to pay amounts due. Liquidity risk represents the risk that imperfections in the market will cause the price to vary from estimated fair value based upon prevailing market supply and demand conditions. Since energy markets are imperfect and volatile, there are inherent risks related to the underlying assumptions in models used to fair value risk management contracts. Unforeseen events may cause reasonable price curves to differ from actual price curves throughout a contract’s term and at the time a contract settles. Consequently, there could be significant adverse or favorable effects on future net income and cash flows if market prices are not consistent with management’s estimates of current market consensus for forward prices in the current period. This is particularly true for longer term contracts. Cash flows may vary based on market conditions, margin requirements and the timing of settlement of risk management contracts.

According to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging,” the Registrants reflect the fair values of derivative instruments subject to netting agreements with the same counterparty net of related cash collateral. For certain risk management contracts, the Registrants are required to post or receive cash collateral based on third party contractual agreements and risk profiles. For the June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 balance sheets, the Registrants netted cash collateral received from third parties against short-term and long-term risk management assets and cash collateral paid to third parties against short-term and long-term risk management liabilities as follows:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Company
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
5.6

 
$
16.3

 
$
5.8

 
$
44.4

APCo
 
0.5

 
0.1

 

 
3.1

I&M
 
0.2

 
0.8

 

 
0.6

OPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.5

PSO
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3

SWEPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3


The following tables represent the gross fair value of the Registrants’ derivative activity on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

AEP

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
307.8

 
$
8.9

 
$
0.9

 
$
317.6

 
$
(206.5
)
 
$
111.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
336.4

 
25.5

 
0.2

 
362.1

 
(63.6
)
 
298.5

Total Assets
 
644.2

 
34.4

 
1.1

 
679.7

 
(270.1
)
 
409.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
289.6

 
5.1

 
0.2

 
294.9

 
(209.2
)
 
85.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
212.1

 
26.3

 

 
238.4

 
(71.6
)
 
166.8

Total Liabilities
 
501.7

 
31.4

 
0.2

 
533.3

 
(280.8
)
 
252.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
142.5

 
$
3.0

 
$
0.9

 
$
146.4

 
$
10.7

 
$
157.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AEP
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
368.8

 
$
8.2

 
$
0.1

 
$
377.1

 
$
(242.7
)
 
$
134.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
364.8

 
11.7

 

 
376.5

 
(54.7
)
 
321.8

Total Assets
 
733.6

 
19.9

 
0.1

 
753.6

 
(297.4
)
 
456.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
347.0

 
9.1

 
0.3

 
356.4

 
(269.3
)
 
87.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
223.3

 
19.3

 
3.2

 
245.8

 
(66.7
)
 
179.1

Total Liabilities
 
570.3

 
28.4

 
3.5

 
602.2

 
(336.0
)
 
266.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
163.3

 
$
(8.5
)
 
$
(3.4
)
 
$
151.4

 
$
38.6

 
$
190.0


(a)
Derivative instruments within these categories are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
$
16.9

 
$
(11.7
)
 
$
5.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
17.4

 
(12.0
)
 
5.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
29.8

 
(11.3
)
 
18.5

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.3
)
 
0.3

Total Liabilities
 
30.4

 
(11.6
)
 
18.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Liabilities
 
$
(13.0
)
 
$
(0.4
)
 
$
(13.4
)

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
25.9

 
$
(10.3
)
 
$
15.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Assets
 
26.2

 
(10.5
)
 
15.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
18.1

 
(13.3
)
 
4.8

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Liabilities
 
18.4

 
(13.5
)
 
4.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
7.8

 
$
3.0

 
$
10.8


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
14.6

 
$
(9.5
)
 
$
5.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
15.1

 
(9.8
)
 
5.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
13.7

 
(10.1
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.7

 
(0.3
)
 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
14.4

 
(10.4
)
 
4.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.7

 
$
0.6

 
$
1.3


I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
22.8

 
$
(10.5
)
 
$
12.3

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.6
)
 

Total Assets
 
23.4

 
(11.1
)
 
12.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
17.0

 
(10.7
)
 
6.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
2.6

 
(1.0
)
 
1.6

Total Liabilities
 
19.6

 
(11.7
)
 
7.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
3.8

 
$
0.6

 
$
4.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

Total Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
5.8

 
(0.1
)
 
5.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
9.0

 

 
9.0

Total Liabilities
 
14.8

 
(0.1
)
 
14.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(14.7
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(14.6
)

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

Total Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
15.1

 
$
0.5

 
$
15.6


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.3

 
$
(0.1
)
 
$
1.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.3

 
(0.1
)
 
1.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
1.1

 
$
0.1

 
$
1.2


PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.6

 
$

 
$
0.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.6

 

 
0.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.1

 
$
0.3

 
$
0.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.4

 
$

 
$
1.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.4

 

 
1.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.4

 
(0.1
)
 
2.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.4

 

 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
2.8

 
(0.1
)
 
2.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(1.4
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(1.3
)

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$
0.8

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.8

 

 
0.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
3.4

 
(0.3
)
 
3.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.1

 

 
2.1

Total Liabilities
 
5.5

 
(0.3
)
 
5.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(4.7
)
 
$
0.3

 
$
(4.4
)

(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

The tables below present the Registrants’ activity of derivative risk management contracts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.1

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
21.1

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.0
)
 
0.9

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
1.0

 
1.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
1.3

 
0.5

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.2
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.4
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 

Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(14.3
)
 
(12.6
)
 
1.1

 
(5.6
)
 
0.3

 
2.6

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
17.1

 
6.4

 
1.8

 

 
2.9

 
6.5

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
24.7

 
$
(5.7
)
 
$
5.6

 
$
(5.8
)
 
$
3.2

 
$
9.0


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
1.5

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
10.2

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
0.5

 
0.6

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.3

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
0.4

 

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.6
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.7
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
4.1

 
0.6

 
0.3

 

 
1.0

 
2.1

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
49.1

 
26.8

 
8.4

 
(7.3
)
 
6.3

 
9.4

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
64.0

 
$
28.0

 
$
10.3

 
$
(7.5
)
 
$
7.1

 
$
11.3


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.7

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
40.9

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.8
)
 
2.5

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
2.1

 
5.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.4

 
1.9

 
0.1

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.9
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(28.4
)
 
(12.4
)
 
1.4

 
(20.5
)
 
0.3

 
2.7

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
29.3

 
22.3

 
5.7

 
(15.2
)
 
2.4

 
11.0

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
43.8

 
$
11.8

 
$
15.3

 
$
(36.1
)
 
$
2.5

 
$
13.4


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
6.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
59.0

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
1.1

 
3.2

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.4

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.6

 
0.7

 
0.3

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 

 
1.3

 
(0.2
)
 

 
0.8

 
(1.4
)
Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
53.6

 
28.6

 
5.8

 
(2.6
)
 
5.6

 
13.3

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
119.8

 
$
31.6

 
$
9.9

 
$
(3.1
)
 
$
6.0

 
$
11.5

(a)
Represents realized and unrealized gains and losses subject to regulatory accounting treatment recorded as either current or noncurrent on the balance sheets.
Certain qualifying derivative instruments have been designated as normal purchase or normal sale contracts, as provided in the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative contracts that have been designated as normal purchases or normal sales under that accounting guidance are not subject to MTM accounting treatment and are recognized on the statements of income on an accrual basis.

The accounting for the changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it qualifies for and has been designated as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. Depending on the exposure, management designates a hedging instrument as a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge.

For contracts that have not been designated as part of a hedging relationship, the accounting for changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative instrument is held for trading purposes. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments held for trading purposes are included in revenues on a net basis on the statements of income. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments not held for trading purposes are included in revenues or expenses on the statements of income depending on the relevant facts and circumstances. Certain derivatives that economically hedge future commodity risk are recorded in the same expense line item on the statements of income as that of the associated risk. However, unrealized and some realized gains and losses in regulated jurisdictions for both trading and non-trading derivative instruments are recorded as regulatory assets (for losses) or regulatory liabilities (for gains) in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Regulated Operations.”

In connection with OPCo’s June 2012 - May 2015 ESP, the PUCO ordered OPCo to conduct energy and capacity auctions for its entire SSO load for delivery beginning in June 2015, see Note 4 - Rate Matters. These auctions resulted in a range of products, including 12-month, 24-month, and 36-month periods. The delivery period for each contract is scheduled to start on the first day of June of each year, immediately following the auction. Certain affiliated Vertically Integrated Utility and Generation & Marketing segment entities participated in the auction process and were awarded tranches of OPCo’s SSO load. The underlying contracts are derivatives subject to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” and are accounted for using MTM accounting, unless the contract has been designated as a normal purchase or normal sale.

Accounting for Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

For fair value hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability or an identified portion thereof attributable to a particular risk), the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item associated with the hedged risk impacts Net Income during the period of change.

AEP records realized and unrealized gains or losses on interest rate swaps that qualify for fair value hedge accounting treatment and any offsetting changes in the fair value of the debt being hedged in Interest Expense on the statements of income. The following table shows the results of hedging gains (losses) during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(in millions)
Gain on Fair Value Hedging Instruments
$
0.6

 
$
1.4

 
$
4.1

 
$
5.9

Loss on Fair Value Portion of Long-term Debt
(0.6
)
 
(1.4
)
 
(4.1
)
 
(5.9
)


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial.

Accounting for Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

For cash flow hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk), the Registrants initially report the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets until the period the hedged item affects Net Income. The Registrants recognize any hedge ineffectiveness in Net Income immediately during the period of change, except in regulated jurisdictions where hedge ineffectiveness would be recorded as a regulatory asset (for losses) or a regulatory liability (for gains) if applicable.

Realized gains and losses on derivative contracts for the purchase and sale of power designated as cash flow hedges are included in Total Revenues or Purchased Electricity for Resale on the statements of income or in Regulatory Assets or Regulatory Liabilities on the balance sheets, depending on the specific nature of the risk being hedged. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives.

The Registrants reclassify gains and losses on interest rate derivative hedges related to debt financings from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Interest Expense on the statements of income in those periods in which hedged interest payments occur. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015,the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives.
The accumulated gains or losses related to foreign currency hedges are reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Depreciation and Amortization expense on the statements of income over the depreciable lives of the fixed assets designated as the hedged items in qualifying foreign currency hedging relationships. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrants did not apply cash flow hedging to any outstanding foreign currency derivatives.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial or nonexistent for all of the hedge strategies disclosed above.

For details on effective cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets and the reasons for changes in cash flow hedges, see Note 3.

Cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were:

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on AEP’s
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
 
(in millions)
Hedging Assets (a)
 
$
28.3

 
$

 
$
17.6

 
$

Hedging Liabilities (a)
 
25.3

 
0.2

 
26.1

 
0.4

AOCI Gain (Loss) Net of Tax
 
1.9

 
(16.5
)
 
(5.2
)
 
(17.2
)
Portion Expected to be Reclassified to Net Income During the Next Twelve Months
 
2.3

 
(1.3
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(1.5
)

(a)
Hedging Assets and Hedging Liabilities are included in Risk Management Assets and Liabilities on the balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2016 the maximum length of time that AEP is hedging its exposure to variability in future cash flows related to forecasted transactions is 138 months.

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on the Registrant Subsidiaries’
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
Company
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
 
(in millions)
APCo
 
$
3.2

 
$
0.7

 
$
3.6

 
$
0.7

I&M
 
(12.6
)
 
(1.3
)
 
(13.3
)
 
(1.3
)
OPCo
 
3.5

 
1.1

 
4.3

 
1.2

PSO
 
3.8

 
0.8

 
4.2

 
0.8

SWEPCo
 
(8.2
)
 
(1.6
)
 
(9.1
)
 
(1.7
)


The actual amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to Net Income can differ from the estimate above due to market price changes.


Credit Risk

Management limits credit risk in wholesale marketing and trading activities by assessing the creditworthiness of potential counterparties before entering into transactions with them and continuing to evaluate their creditworthiness on an ongoing basis. Management uses Moody’s, Standard and Poor’s and current market-based qualitative and quantitative data as well as financial statements to assess the financial health of counterparties on an ongoing basis.

Master agreements are typically used to facilitate the netting of cash flows associated with a single counterparty and may include collateral requirements. Collateral requirements in the form of cash, letters of credit and parental/affiliate guarantees may be obtained as security from counterparties in order to mitigate credit risk. A counterparty is required to post cash or letters of credit in the event exposure exceeds the established threshold. The threshold represents an unsecured credit limit which may be supported by a parental/affiliate guaranty, as determined in accordance with AEP’s credit policy. In addition, master agreements allow for termination and liquidation of all positions in the event of a failure or inability to post collateral.

Collateral Triggering Events

Credit Downgrade Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo)

Under the tariffs of the RTOs and Independent System Operators (ISOs) and a limited number of derivative and non-derivative contracts primarily related to competitive retail auction loads, additional amounts of collateral are required if certain credit ratings decline below a specified rating threshold.  The amount of collateral required fluctuates based on market prices and total exposure.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these collateral triggering items in contracts.  AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo have not experienced a downgrade below a specified rating threshold that would require the posting of additional collateral.  There is no exposure relating to derivative contracts, however, there is exposure relating to RTOs, ISOs and non-derivative contracts. The following table represents the exposure if credit ratings were to decline below a specified rating threshold as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
Company
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
AEP
 
$
14.7

 
$
289.7

(a)
 
$
17.5

 
$
297.8

(a)
APCo
 
1.1

 

 
 
4.9

 
0.1

 
I&M
 
0.8

 

 
 
3.3

 
0.1

 
PSO
 
4.5

 
3.2

 
 

 
3.2

 
SWEPCo
 
5.6

 
0.1

 
 

 
0.1

 

(a)
Represents the amount of collateral AEP subsidiaries would have been required to post for other significant non-derivative contracts including AGR jointly owned plant contracts and various other commodity related contacts.

Cross-Default Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo and I&M)

In addition, a majority of non-exchange traded commodity contracts contain cross-default provisions that, if triggered, would permit the counterparty to declare a default and require settlement of the outstanding payable. These cross-default provisions could be triggered if there was a non-performance event by Parent or the obligor under outstanding debt or a third party obligation that is $50 million or greater.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these cross-default provisions in the contracts. The following tables represent: (a) the fair value of these derivative liabilities subject to cross-default provisions prior to consideration of contractual netting arrangements, (b) the amount that the exposure has been reduced by cash collateral posted and (c) if a cross-default provision would have been triggered, the settlement amount that would be required after considering contractual netting arrangements as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
251.6

 
$

 
$
200.4

APCo
 
2.0

 

 
1.9

I&M
 
1.3

 

 
1.3

 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
300.1

 
$
0.8

 
$
240.6

APCo
 
3.7

 

 
3.7

I&M
 
2.5

 

 
2.5

Southwestern Electric Power Co [Member]  
Derivatives and Hedging
DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING

The disclosures in this note apply to all Registrants unless indicated otherwise.

OBJECTIVES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

AEPSC is agent for and transacts on behalf of AEP subsidiaries, including the Registrant Subsidiaries. AEPEP is agent for and transacts on behalf of other AEP subsidiaries.

The Registrants are exposed to certain market risks as major power producers and participants in the electricity, capacity, natural gas, coal and emission allowance markets.  These risks include commodity price risks which may be subject to capacity risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency exchange risk.  These risks represent the risk of loss that may impact the Registrants due to changes in the underlying market prices or rates.  Management utilizes derivative instruments to manage these risks.

STRATEGIES FOR UTILIZATION OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS TO ACHIEVE OBJECTIVES

Risk Management Strategies

The strategy surrounding the use of derivative instruments primarily focuses on managing risk exposures, future cash flows and creating value utilizing both economic and formal hedging strategies. The risk management strategies also include the use of derivative instruments for trading purposes which focus on seizing market opportunities to create value driven by expected changes in the market prices of the commodities. To accomplish these objectives, the Registrants primarily employ risk management contracts including physical and financial forward purchase-and-sale contracts and, to a lesser extent, OTC swaps and options. Not all risk management contracts meet the definition of a derivative under the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative risk management contracts elected normal under the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception are not subject to the requirements of this accounting guidance.

The Registrants utilize power, capacity, coal, natural gas, interest rate and, to a lesser extent, heating oil, gasoline and other commodity contracts to manage the risk associated with the energy business. The Registrants utilize interest rate derivative contracts in order to manage the interest rate exposure associated with the commodity portfolio. For disclosure purposes, such risks are grouped as “Commodity,” as these risks are related to energy risk management activities. The Registrants also utilize derivative contracts to manage interest rate risk associated with debt financing and foreign currency risk associated with future purchase obligations denominated in foreign currencies. For disclosure purposes, these risks are grouped as “Interest Rate and Foreign Currency.” The amount of risk taken is determined by the Commercial Operations, Energy Supply and Finance groups in accordance with established risk management policies as approved by the Finance Committee of the Board of Directors.


The following tables represent the gross notional volume of the Registrants’ outstanding derivative contracts as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
469.5

 
86.7

 
28.2

 
11.4

 
25.7

 
31.8

Coal
 
Tons
 
2.8

 

 
0.9

 

 

 
1.9

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
43.2

 
0.2

 
0.1

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
8.9

 
1.7

 
0.8

 
1.9

 
1.0

 
1.1

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
96.1

 
$
1.2

 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
559.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$


Notional Volume of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
Primary Risk
Exposure
 
Unit of
Measure
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Commodity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Power
 
MWhs
 
317.8

 
40.9

 
22.8

 
13.3

 
11.3

 
14.0

Coal
 
Tons
 
4.4

 

 
1.6

 

 

 
2.8

Natural Gas
 
MMBtus
 
38.2

 
0.3

 
0.2

 

 
0.2

 
0.2

Heating Oil and Gasoline
 
Gallons
 
7.4

 
1.4

 
0.7

 
1.6

 
0.8

 
0.9

Interest Rate
 
USD
 
$
113.5

 
$
2.4

 
$
1.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
 
USD
 
$
560.3

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$



Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

Parent enters into interest rate derivative transactions as part of an overall strategy to manage the mix of fixed-rate and floating-rate debt. Certain interest rate derivative transactions effectively modify exposure to interest rate risk by converting a portion of fixed-rate debt to a floating rate. Provided specific criteria are met, these interest rate derivatives are designated as fair value hedges.

Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

The Registrants utilize cash flow hedges on certain derivative transactions for the purchase and sale of power (“Commodity”) in order to manage the variable price risk related to forecasted purchases and sales. Management monitors the potential impacts of commodity price changes and, where appropriate, enters into derivative transactions to protect profit margins for a portion of future electricity sales and purchases. The Registrants do not hedge all commodity price risk.

The Registrants utilize a variety of interest rate derivative transactions in order to manage interest rate risk exposure. The Registrants also utilize interest rate derivative contracts to manage interest rate exposure related to future borrowings of fixed-rate debt. The Registrants do not hedge all interest rate exposure.

At times, the Registrants are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risks primarily when some fixed assets are purchased from foreign suppliers. In accordance with AEP’s risk management policy, the Registrants may utilize foreign currency derivative transactions to protect against the risk of increased cash outflows resulting from a foreign currency’s appreciation against the dollar. The Registrants do not hedge all foreign currency exposure.
ACCOUNTING FOR DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND THE IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” requires recognition of all qualifying derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheets at fair value. The fair values of derivative instruments accounted for using MTM accounting or hedge accounting are based on exchange prices and broker quotes. If a quoted market price is not available, the estimate of fair value is based on the best information available including valuation models that estimate future energy prices based on existing market and broker quotes, supply and demand market data and assumptions. In order to determine the relevant fair values of the derivative instruments, the Registrants apply valuation adjustments for discounting, liquidity and credit quality.

Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will fail to perform on the contract or fail to pay amounts due. Liquidity risk represents the risk that imperfections in the market will cause the price to vary from estimated fair value based upon prevailing market supply and demand conditions. Since energy markets are imperfect and volatile, there are inherent risks related to the underlying assumptions in models used to fair value risk management contracts. Unforeseen events may cause reasonable price curves to differ from actual price curves throughout a contract’s term and at the time a contract settles. Consequently, there could be significant adverse or favorable effects on future net income and cash flows if market prices are not consistent with management’s estimates of current market consensus for forward prices in the current period. This is particularly true for longer term contracts. Cash flows may vary based on market conditions, margin requirements and the timing of settlement of risk management contracts.

According to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging,” the Registrants reflect the fair values of derivative instruments subject to netting agreements with the same counterparty net of related cash collateral. For certain risk management contracts, the Registrants are required to post or receive cash collateral based on third party contractual agreements and risk profiles. For the June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 balance sheets, the Registrants netted cash collateral received from third parties against short-term and long-term risk management assets and cash collateral paid to third parties against short-term and long-term risk management liabilities as follows:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Company
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
Cash Collateral
Received
Netted Against
Risk Management
Assets
 
Cash Collateral
Paid
Netted Against
Risk Management
Liabilities
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
5.6

 
$
16.3

 
$
5.8

 
$
44.4

APCo
 
0.5

 
0.1

 

 
3.1

I&M
 
0.2

 
0.8

 

 
0.6

OPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.5

PSO
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3

SWEPCo
 

 
0.1

 

 
0.3


The following tables represent the gross fair value of the Registrants’ derivative activity on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

AEP

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
307.8

 
$
8.9

 
$
0.9

 
$
317.6

 
$
(206.5
)
 
$
111.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
336.4

 
25.5

 
0.2

 
362.1

 
(63.6
)
 
298.5

Total Assets
 
644.2

 
34.4

 
1.1

 
679.7

 
(270.1
)
 
409.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
289.6

 
5.1

 
0.2

 
294.9

 
(209.2
)
 
85.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
212.1

 
26.3

 

 
238.4

 
(71.6
)
 
166.8

Total Liabilities
 
501.7

 
31.4

 
0.2

 
533.3

 
(280.8
)
 
252.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
142.5

 
$
3.0

 
$
0.9

 
$
146.4

 
$
10.7

 
$
157.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AEP
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts
 
Hedging Contracts
 
Gross Amounts
of Risk
Management
Assets/
Liabilities
Recognized
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
Commodity (a)
 
Commodity (a)
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency (a)
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
368.8

 
$
8.2

 
$
0.1

 
$
377.1

 
$
(242.7
)
 
$
134.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
364.8

 
11.7

 

 
376.5

 
(54.7
)
 
321.8

Total Assets
 
733.6

 
19.9

 
0.1

 
753.6

 
(297.4
)
 
456.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
347.0

 
9.1

 
0.3

 
356.4

 
(269.3
)
 
87.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
223.3

 
19.3

 
3.2

 
245.8

 
(66.7
)
 
179.1

Total Liabilities
 
570.3

 
28.4

 
3.5

 
602.2

 
(336.0
)
 
266.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
163.3

 
$
(8.5
)
 
$
(3.4
)
 
$
151.4

 
$
38.6

 
$
190.0


(a)
Derivative instruments within these categories are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
$
16.9

 
$
(11.7
)
 
$
5.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
17.4

 
(12.0
)
 
5.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
29.8

 
(11.3
)
 
18.5

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.3
)
 
0.3

Total Liabilities
 
30.4

 
(11.6
)
 
18.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Liabilities
 
$
(13.0
)
 
$
(0.4
)
 
$
(13.4
)

APCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
25.9

 
$
(10.3
)
 
$
15.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Assets
 
26.2

 
(10.5
)
 
15.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
18.1

 
(13.3
)
 
4.8

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.3

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

Total Liabilities
 
18.4

 
(13.5
)
 
4.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
7.8

 
$
3.0

 
$
10.8


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
14.6

 
$
(9.5
)
 
$
5.1

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Total Assets
 
15.1

 
(9.8
)
 
5.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
13.7

 
(10.1
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
0.7

 
(0.3
)
 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
14.4

 
(10.4
)
 
4.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.7

 
$
0.6

 
$
1.3


I&M

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated and Affiliated
 
$
22.8

 
$
(10.5
)
 
$
12.3

Long-term Risk Management Assets - Nonaffiliated
 
0.6

 
(0.6
)
 

Total Assets
 
23.4

 
(11.1
)
 
12.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
17.0

 
(10.7
)
 
6.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities - Nonaffiliated
 
2.6

 
(1.0
)
 
1.6

Total Liabilities
 
19.6

 
(11.7
)
 
7.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
3.8

 
$
0.6

 
$
4.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

Total Assets
 
0.1

 

 
0.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
5.8

 
(0.1
)
 
5.7

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
9.0

 

 
9.0

Total Liabilities
 
14.8

 
(0.1
)
 
14.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(14.7
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(14.6
)

OPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

Total Assets
 
19.2

 

 
19.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
4.1

 
(0.5
)
 
3.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
15.1

 
$
0.5

 
$
15.6


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.3

 
$
(0.1
)
 
$
1.2

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.3

 
(0.1
)
 
1.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.2

 
(0.2
)
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
1.1

 
$
0.1

 
$
1.2


PSO

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.6

 
$

 
$
0.6

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.6

 

 
0.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 

 

 

Total Liabilities
 
0.5

 
(0.3
)
 
0.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets
 
$
0.1

 
$
0.3

 
$
0.4


(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
June 30, 2016
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
1.4

 
$

 
$
1.4

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
1.4

 

 
1.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.4

 
(0.1
)
 
2.3

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
0.4

 

 
0.4

Total Liabilities
 
2.8

 
(0.1
)
 
2.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(1.4
)
 
$
0.1

 
$
(1.3
)

SWEPCo

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
December 31, 2015
 
 
Risk
Management
Contracts -
Commodity (a)
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (b)
 
Net Amounts of
Assets/Liabilities
Presented in the
Statement of
Financial
Position (c)
Balance Sheet Location
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
Current Risk Management Assets
 
$
0.8

 
$

 
$
0.8

Long-term Risk Management Assets
 

 

 

Total Assets
 
0.8

 

 
0.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current Risk Management Liabilities
 
3.4

 
(0.3
)
 
3.1

Long-term Risk Management Liabilities
 
2.1

 

 
2.1

Total Liabilities
 
5.5

 
(0.3
)
 
5.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total MTM Derivative Contract Net Assets (Liabilities)
 
$
(4.7
)
 
$
0.3

 
$
(4.4
)

(a)
Derivative instruments within this category are reported gross.  These instruments are subject to master netting agreements and are presented on the balance sheets on a net basis in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(b)
Amounts include counterparty netting of risk management and hedging contracts and associated cash collateral in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.”
(c)
There are no derivative contracts subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset in the statement of financial position.

The tables below present the Registrants’ activity of derivative risk management contracts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.1

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
21.1

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.0
)
 
0.9

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
1.0

 
1.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
1.3

 
0.5

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.2
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.4
)
 

 

 
(0.1
)
 

 

Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(14.3
)
 
(12.6
)
 
1.1

 
(5.6
)
 
0.3

 
2.6

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
17.1

 
6.4

 
1.8

 

 
2.9

 
6.5

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
24.7

 
$
(5.7
)
 
$
5.6

 
$
(5.8
)
 
$
3.2

 
$
9.0


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
1.5

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
10.2

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
0.5

 
0.6

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.3

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
0.4

 

 

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.6
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(0.7
)
 
(0.1
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
4.1

 
0.6

 
0.3

 

 
1.0

 
2.1

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
49.1

 
26.8

 
8.4

 
(7.3
)
 
6.3

 
9.4

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
64.0

 
$
28.0

 
$
10.3

 
$
(7.5
)
 
$
7.1

 
$
11.3


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utility Revenues
 
$
0.7

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission & Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
40.9

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
(1.8
)
 
2.5

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
2.1

 
5.8

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.4

 
1.9

 
0.1

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(0.9
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 
(28.4
)
 
(12.4
)
 
1.4

 
(20.5
)
 
0.3

 
2.7

Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
29.3

 
22.3

 
5.7

 
(15.2
)
 
2.4

 
11.0

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
43.8

 
$
11.8

 
$
15.3

 
$
(36.1
)
 
$
2.5

 
$
13.4


Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on
Risk Management Contracts
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Location of Gain (Loss)
 
AEP
 
APCo
 
I&M
 
OPCo
 
PSO
 
SWEPCo
 
 
(in millions)
Vertically Integrated Utilities Revenues
 
$
6.6

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Transmission and Distribution Utilities Revenues
 

 

 

 

 

 

Generation & Marketing Revenues
 
59.0

 

 

 

 

 

Electric Generation, Transmission and Distribution Revenues
 

 
1.1

 
3.2

 

 

 

Sales to AEP Affiliates
 

 
0.4

 
1.0

 

 

 

Purchased Electricity for Resale
 
3.6

 
0.7

 
0.3

 

 

 

Other Operation Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Maintenance Expense
 
(1.5
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
Regulatory Assets (a)
 

 
1.3

 
(0.2
)
 

 
0.8

 
(1.4
)
Regulatory Liabilities (a)
 
53.6

 
28.6

 
5.8

 
(2.6
)
 
5.6

 
13.3

Total Gain (Loss) on Risk Management Contracts
 
$
119.8

 
$
31.6

 
$
9.9

 
$
(3.1
)
 
$
6.0

 
$
11.5

(a)
Represents realized and unrealized gains and losses subject to regulatory accounting treatment recorded as either current or noncurrent on the balance sheets.
Certain qualifying derivative instruments have been designated as normal purchase or normal sale contracts, as provided in the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative contracts that have been designated as normal purchases or normal sales under that accounting guidance are not subject to MTM accounting treatment and are recognized on the statements of income on an accrual basis.

The accounting for the changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it qualifies for and has been designated as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. Depending on the exposure, management designates a hedging instrument as a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge.

For contracts that have not been designated as part of a hedging relationship, the accounting for changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative instrument is held for trading purposes. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments held for trading purposes are included in revenues on a net basis on the statements of income. Unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivative instruments not held for trading purposes are included in revenues or expenses on the statements of income depending on the relevant facts and circumstances. Certain derivatives that economically hedge future commodity risk are recorded in the same expense line item on the statements of income as that of the associated risk. However, unrealized and some realized gains and losses in regulated jurisdictions for both trading and non-trading derivative instruments are recorded as regulatory assets (for losses) or regulatory liabilities (for gains) in accordance with the accounting guidance for “Regulated Operations.”

In connection with OPCo’s June 2012 - May 2015 ESP, the PUCO ordered OPCo to conduct energy and capacity auctions for its entire SSO load for delivery beginning in June 2015, see Note 4 - Rate Matters. These auctions resulted in a range of products, including 12-month, 24-month, and 36-month periods. The delivery period for each contract is scheduled to start on the first day of June of each year, immediately following the auction. Certain affiliated Vertically Integrated Utility and Generation & Marketing segment entities participated in the auction process and were awarded tranches of OPCo’s SSO load. The underlying contracts are derivatives subject to the accounting guidance for “Derivatives and Hedging” and are accounted for using MTM accounting, unless the contract has been designated as a normal purchase or normal sale.

Accounting for Fair Value Hedging Strategies (Applies to AEP)

For fair value hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability or an identified portion thereof attributable to a particular risk), the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item associated with the hedged risk impacts Net Income during the period of change.

AEP records realized and unrealized gains or losses on interest rate swaps that qualify for fair value hedge accounting treatment and any offsetting changes in the fair value of the debt being hedged in Interest Expense on the statements of income. The following table shows the results of hedging gains (losses) during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
 
(in millions)
Gain on Fair Value Hedging Instruments
$
0.6

 
$
1.4

 
$
4.1

 
$
5.9

Loss on Fair Value Portion of Long-term Debt
(0.6
)
 
(1.4
)
 
(4.1
)
 
(5.9
)


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial.

Accounting for Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

For cash flow hedges (i.e. hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk), the Registrants initially report the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets until the period the hedged item affects Net Income. The Registrants recognize any hedge ineffectiveness in Net Income immediately during the period of change, except in regulated jurisdictions where hedge ineffectiveness would be recorded as a regulatory asset (for losses) or a regulatory liability (for gains) if applicable.

Realized gains and losses on derivative contracts for the purchase and sale of power designated as cash flow hedges are included in Total Revenues or Purchased Electricity for Resale on the statements of income or in Regulatory Assets or Regulatory Liabilities on the balance sheets, depending on the specific nature of the risk being hedged. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding power derivatives.

The Registrants reclassify gains and losses on interest rate derivative hedges related to debt financings from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Interest Expense on the statements of income in those periods in which hedged interest payments occur. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, AEP applied cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015,the Registrant Subsidiaries did not apply cash flow hedging to outstanding interest rate derivatives.
The accumulated gains or losses related to foreign currency hedges are reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets into Depreciation and Amortization expense on the statements of income over the depreciable lives of the fixed assets designated as the hedged items in qualifying foreign currency hedging relationships. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Registrants did not apply cash flow hedging to any outstanding foreign currency derivatives.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial or nonexistent for all of the hedge strategies disclosed above.

For details on effective cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets and the reasons for changes in cash flow hedges, see Note 3.

Cash flow hedges included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were:

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on AEP’s
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
Commodity
 
Interest Rate
and Foreign
Currency
 
 
(in millions)
Hedging Assets (a)
 
$
28.3

 
$

 
$
17.6

 
$

Hedging Liabilities (a)
 
25.3

 
0.2

 
26.1

 
0.4

AOCI Gain (Loss) Net of Tax
 
1.9

 
(16.5
)
 
(5.2
)
 
(17.2
)
Portion Expected to be Reclassified to Net Income During the Next Twelve Months
 
2.3

 
(1.3
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(1.5
)

(a)
Hedging Assets and Hedging Liabilities are included in Risk Management Assets and Liabilities on the balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2016 the maximum length of time that AEP is hedging its exposure to variability in future cash flows related to forecasted transactions is 138 months.

Impact of Cash Flow Hedges on the Registrant Subsidiaries’
Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency
Company
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
AOCI Gain (Loss)
Net of Tax
 
Expected to be
Reclassified to
Net Income During
the Next
Twelve Months
 
 
(in millions)
APCo
 
$
3.2

 
$
0.7

 
$
3.6

 
$
0.7

I&M
 
(12.6
)
 
(1.3
)
 
(13.3
)
 
(1.3
)
OPCo
 
3.5

 
1.1

 
4.3

 
1.2

PSO
 
3.8

 
0.8

 
4.2

 
0.8

SWEPCo
 
(8.2
)
 
(1.6
)
 
(9.1
)
 
(1.7
)


The actual amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to Net Income can differ from the estimate above due to market price changes.


Credit Risk

Management limits credit risk in wholesale marketing and trading activities by assessing the creditworthiness of potential counterparties before entering into transactions with them and continuing to evaluate their creditworthiness on an ongoing basis. Management uses Moody’s, Standard and Poor’s and current market-based qualitative and quantitative data as well as financial statements to assess the financial health of counterparties on an ongoing basis.

Master agreements are typically used to facilitate the netting of cash flows associated with a single counterparty and may include collateral requirements. Collateral requirements in the form of cash, letters of credit and parental/affiliate guarantees may be obtained as security from counterparties in order to mitigate credit risk. A counterparty is required to post cash or letters of credit in the event exposure exceeds the established threshold. The threshold represents an unsecured credit limit which may be supported by a parental/affiliate guaranty, as determined in accordance with AEP’s credit policy. In addition, master agreements allow for termination and liquidation of all positions in the event of a failure or inability to post collateral.

Collateral Triggering Events

Credit Downgrade Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo)

Under the tariffs of the RTOs and Independent System Operators (ISOs) and a limited number of derivative and non-derivative contracts primarily related to competitive retail auction loads, additional amounts of collateral are required if certain credit ratings decline below a specified rating threshold.  The amount of collateral required fluctuates based on market prices and total exposure.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these collateral triggering items in contracts.  AEP, APCo, I&M, PSO and SWEPCo have not experienced a downgrade below a specified rating threshold that would require the posting of additional collateral.  There is no exposure relating to derivative contracts, however, there is exposure relating to RTOs, ISOs and non-derivative contracts. The following table represents the exposure if credit ratings were to decline below a specified rating threshold as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
Amount of Collateral
 
Amount of
 
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
That Would
 
Collateral
 
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
Have Been Required
 
Attributable to
 
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
 
to Post Attributable to
 
Other
 
Company
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
RTOs and ISOs
 
Contracts
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
AEP
 
$
14.7

 
$
289.7

(a)
 
$
17.5

 
$
297.8

(a)
APCo
 
1.1

 

 
 
4.9

 
0.1

 
I&M
 
0.8

 

 
 
3.3

 
0.1

 
PSO
 
4.5

 
3.2

 
 

 
3.2

 
SWEPCo
 
5.6

 
0.1

 
 

 
0.1

 

(a)
Represents the amount of collateral AEP subsidiaries would have been required to post for other significant non-derivative contracts including AGR jointly owned plant contracts and various other commodity related contacts.

Cross-Default Triggers (Applies to AEP, APCo and I&M)

In addition, a majority of non-exchange traded commodity contracts contain cross-default provisions that, if triggered, would permit the counterparty to declare a default and require settlement of the outstanding payable. These cross-default provisions could be triggered if there was a non-performance event by Parent or the obligor under outstanding debt or a third party obligation that is $50 million or greater.  On an ongoing basis, AEP’s risk management organization assesses the appropriateness of these cross-default provisions in the contracts. The following tables represent: (a) the fair value of these derivative liabilities subject to cross-default provisions prior to consideration of contractual netting arrangements, (b) the amount that the exposure has been reduced by cash collateral posted and (c) if a cross-default provision would have been triggered, the settlement amount that would be required after considering contractual netting arrangements as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
 
June 30, 2016
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
251.6

 
$

 
$
200.4

APCo
 
2.0

 

 
1.9

I&M
 
1.3

 

 
1.3

 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Liabilities for
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
Contracts with Cross
 
 
 
Settlement
 
 
Default Provisions
 
 
 
Liability if Cross
 
 
Prior to Contractual
 
Amount of Cash
 
Default Provision
Company
 
Netting Arrangements
 
Collateral Posted
 
is Triggered
 
 
(in millions)
AEP
 
$
300.1

 
$
0.8

 
$
240.6

APCo
 
3.7

 

 
3.7

I&M
 
2.5

 

 
2.5