10-Q

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017

Commission file number:  1-3285

3M COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

DELAWARE	41-0417775
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)
3M Center, St. Paul, Minnesota	55144
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(651) 733-1110

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒	Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company ☐
	Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for

complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐  No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class	Outstanding at March 31, 2017
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share	597,239,576 shares

This document (excluding exhibits) contains 76 pages.

The table of contents is set forth on page 2.

The exhibit index begins on page 72.

      3M COMPANY

   Form 10-Q for the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2017

	TABLE OF CONTENTS	BEGINNING PAGE
PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.	Financial Statements
	Index to Financial Statements:
	Consolidated Statement of Income	3
	Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income	4
	Consolidated Balance Sheet	5
	Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows	6
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
	Note 1. Significant Accounting Policies	7
	Note 2. Acquisitions and Divestitures	13
	Note 3. Goodwill and Intangible Assets	14
	Note 4. Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information	15
	Note 5. Income Taxes	18
	Note 6. Marketable Securities	19
	Note 7. Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans	21
	Note 8. Derivatives	22
	Note 9. Fair Value Measurements	28
	Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies	31
	Note 11. Stock-Based Compensation	41
	Note 12. Business Segments	44
	Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	47
ITEM 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
	Index to Management’s Discussion and Analysis:
	Overview	48
	Results of Operations	53
	Performance by Business Segment	55
	Financial Condition and Liquidity	61
	Cautionary Note Concerning Factors That May Affect Future Results	67
ITEM 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	68
ITEM 4.	Controls and Procedures	68
PART II	OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.	Legal Proceedings	69
ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors	69
ITEM 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	71
ITEM 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	72
ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	72
ITEM 5.	Other Information	72
ITEM 6.	Exhibits	72

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3M COMPANY

FORM 10-Q

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2017

PART I.  Financial Information

Item 1.  Financial Statements.

3M Company and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Income

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions, except per share amounts)	2017		2016
Net sales	$	7,685	$	7,409
Operating expenses
Cost of sales		3,869		3,678
Selling, general and administrative expenses		1,571		1,493
Research, development and related expenses		471		450
Total operating expenses		5,911		5,621
Operating income		1,774		1,788
Interest expense and income
Interest expense		45		47
Interest income		(8)		(5)
Total interest expense — net		37		42
Income before income taxes		1,737		1,746
Provision for income taxes		411		468
Net income including noncontrolling interest	$	1,326	$	1,278
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		3		3
Net income attributable to 3M	$	1,323	$	1,275
Weighted average 3M common shares outstanding — basic		598.1		607.4
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — basic	$	2.21	$	2.10
Weighted average 3M common shares outstanding — diluted		612.0		621.3
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — diluted	$	2.16	$	2.05
Cash dividends paid per 3M common share	$	1.175	$	1.11

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.

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3M Company and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Net income including noncontrolling interest	$	1,326	$	1,278
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment		292		138
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment		83		69
Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss)		(76)		(110)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		299		97
Comprehensive income (loss) including noncontrolling interest		1,625		1,375
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest		(6)		(2)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to 3M	$	1,619	$	1,373

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.

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3M Company and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheet

(Unaudited)

	March 31,		December 31,
(Dollars in millions, except per share amount)	2017		2016
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,173	$	2,398
Marketable securities — current		141		280
Accounts receivable — net		4,722		4,392
Inventories
Finished goods		1,764		1,629
Work in process		1,078		1,039
Raw materials and supplies		770		717
Total inventories		3,612		3,385
Other current assets		1,253		1,271
Total current assets		11,901		11,726
Marketable securities — non-current		17		17
Investments		133		128
Property, plant and equipment		23,946		23,499
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(15,395)		(14,983)
Property, plant and equipment — net		8,551		8,516
Goodwill		9,258		9,166
Intangible assets — net		2,269		2,320
Prepaid pension benefits		61		52
Other assets		1,102		981
Total assets	$	33,292	$	32,906
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt	$	909	$	972
Accounts payable		1,701		1,798
Accrued payroll		532		678
Accrued income taxes		433		299
Other current liabilities		2,420		2,472
Total current liabilities		5,995		6,219
Long-term debt		10,802		10,678
Pension and postretirement benefits		3,764		4,018
Other liabilities		1,691		1,648
Total liabilities	$	22,252	$	22,563
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Equity
3M Company shareholders’ equity:
Common stock par value, $.01 par value, 944,033,056 shares issued	$	9	$	9
Additional paid-in capital		5,189		5,061
Retained earnings		38,094		37,907
Treasury stock, at cost: 346,793,480 shares at March 31, 2017; 347,306,778 shares at December 31, 2016		(25,354)		(25,434)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(6,949)		(7,245)
Total 3M Company shareholders’ equity		10,989		10,298
Noncontrolling interest		51		45
Total equity	$	11,040	$	10,343
Total liabilities and equity	$	33,292	$	32,906

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.

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3M Company and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income including noncontrolling interest	$	1,326	$	1,278
Adjustments to reconcile net income including noncontrolling interest to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		438		356
Company pension and postretirement contributions		(248)		(56)
Company pension and postretirement expense		81		59
Stock-based compensation expense		147		144
Deferred income taxes		(84)		(38)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable		(237)		(245)
Inventories		(149)		(37)
Accounts payable		(124)		(116)
Accrued income taxes (current and long-term)		225		334
Other — net		(387)		(419)
Net cash provided by operating activities		988		1,260
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (PP&E)		(287)		(314)
Proceeds from sale of PP&E and other assets		1		18
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired		—		(4)
Purchases of marketable securities and investments		(213)		(225)
Proceeds from maturities and sale of marketable securities and investments		351		164
Proceeds from sale of businesses		53		56
Other investing		5		25
Net cash used in investing activities		(90)		(280)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Change in short-term debt — net		(68)		138
Repayment of debt (maturities greater than 90 days)		—		—
Proceeds from debt (maturities greater than 90 days)		—		—
Purchases of treasury stock		(690)		(1,227)
Proceeds from issuance of treasury stock pursuant to stock option and benefit plans		315		357
Dividends paid to shareholders		(702)		(672)
Other — net		(6)		(22)
Net cash used in financing activities		(1,151)		(1,426)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		28		(15)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(225)		(461)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		2,398		1,798
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	2,173	$	1,337

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.

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3M Company and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1.  Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The interim consolidated financial statements are unaudited but, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. These adjustments consist of normal, recurring items. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. The interim consolidated financial statements and notes are presented as permitted by the requirements for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes included in its 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. As described in Note 12, effective in the first quarter of 2017, the Company changed its business segment reporting in its continuing effort to improve the alignment of businesses around markets and customers. These changes included the integration of the former Renewable Energy Division into existing divisions, the combining of two divisions to form the Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division, and consolidation of U.S. customer account activity, impacting dual credit reporting. The Company began reporting comparative results under this new structure with the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In the second quarter of 2017, the Company plans to update its business segment disclosures in its 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K via a Current Report on Form 8-K to reflect these changes.

Foreign Currency Translation

Local currencies generally are considered the functional currencies outside the United States. Assets and liabilities for operations in local-currency environments are translated at month-end exchange rates of the period reported. Income and expense items are translated at month-end exchange rates of each applicable month. Cumulative translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity. 

3M has a subsidiary in Venezuela, the financial statements of which are remeasured as if its functional currency were that of its parent because Venezuela’s economic environment is considered highly inflationary. The operating income of this subsidiary represented less than 1.0 percent of 3M’s consolidated operating income for 2016. The Venezuelan government sets official rates of exchange and conditions precedent to purchase foreign currency at these rates with local currency. The government also operates various expanded secondary currency exchange mechanisms that have been eliminated and replaced from time to time. Such rates and conditions have been and continue to be subject to change. For the periods presented, the financial statements of 3M’s Venezuelan subsidiary were remeasured utilizing the rate associated with the secondary auction mechanism, Tipo de Cambio Complementario (DICOM), or its predecessor. During the same periods, the Venezuelan government’s official exchange was Tipo de Cambio Protegido (DIPRO), or its predecessor.

Note 1 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K provides additional information the Company considers in determining the exchange rate used relative to its Venezuelan subsidiary as well as factors which could lead to its deconsolidation. The Company continues to monitor these circumstances. Changes in applicable exchange rates or exchange mechanisms may continue in the future. These changes could impact the rate of exchange applicable to remeasure the Company’s net monetary assets (liabilities) denominated in Venezuelan Bolivars (VEF). As of March 31, 2017, the Company had a balance of net monetary assets denominated in VEF of less than 2 billion VEF and the DIPRO and DICOM exchange rates were approximately 10 VEF and 710 VEF per U.S. dollar, respectively. A need to deconsolidate the Company’s Venezuelan subsidiary’s operations may result from a lack of exchangeability of VEF-denominated cash coupled with an acute degradation in the ability to make key operational decisions due to government regulations in Venezuela. Based upon a review of factors as of March 31, 2017, the Company continues to consolidate its Venezuelan subsidiary. As of March 31, 2017, the balance of intercompany receivables due from this subsidiary and its equity balance were not significant.

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Earnings Per Share

The difference in the weighted average 3M shares outstanding for calculating basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders is a result of the dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans. Certain options outstanding under these stock-based compensation plans were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders because they would not have had a dilutive effect (3.2 million average options for the three months ended March 31, 2017; 9.0 million average options for the three months ended March 31, 2016). The computations for basic and diluted earnings per share follow:

Earnings Per Share Computations

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)	2017		2016
Numerator:
Net income attributable to 3M	$	1,323	$	1,275
Denominator:
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – basic		598.1		607.4
Dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans		13.9		13.9
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – diluted		612.0		621.3
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders – basic	$	2.21	$	2.10
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders – diluted	$	2.16	$	2.05

New Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and in August 2015 issued ASU No. 2015-14, which amended the standard as to effective date. The ASU provides a single comprehensive model to be used in the accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The standard’s stated core principle is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle the ASU includes provisions within a five step model that includes identifying the contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations, and recognizing revenue when (or as) an entity satisfies a performance obligation. The standard also specifies the accounting for some costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer and requires expanded disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. During 2016, the FASB also issued ASU No. 2016-08, Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net); ASU No. 2016-10, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing; ASU No. 2016-12, Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, and ASU No. 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers which amend ASU No. 2014-09. These amendments include clarification of principal versus agent guidance in situations in which a revenue transaction involves a third party in providing goods or services to a customer. In such circumstances, an entity must determine whether the nature of its promise to the customer is to provide the underlying goods or services (i.e., the entity is the principal in the transaction) or to arrange for the third party to provide the underlying goods or services (i.e., the entity is the agent in the transaction). The amendments clarify, in terms of identifying performance obligations, how entities would determine whether promised goods or services are separately identifiable from other promises in a contract and, therefore, would be accounted for separately. The guidance allows entities to disregard goods or services that are immaterial in the context of a contract and provides an accounting policy election to account for shipping and handling activities as fulfillment costs rather than as additional promised services. With regard to the licensing, the amendments clarify how an entity would evaluate the nature of its promise in granting a

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license of intellectual property, which determines whether the entity recognizes revenue over time or at a point in time. The amendments also address implementation issues relative to transition (adding a practical expedient for contract modifications and clarifying what constitutes a completed contract when employing full or modified retrospective transition methods), collectability, noncash consideration, and the presentation of sales and other similar-type taxes (allowing entities to exclude sales-type taxes collected from transaction price). Finally, the amendments make certain technical corrections and provide additional guidance in the areas of disclosure of performance obligations, provisions for losses on certain types of contracts, scoping, and other areas. Overall, ASU No. 2014-09, as amended, provides for either full retrospective adoption or a modified retrospective adoption by which it is applied only to the most current period presented. For 3M, the ASU is effective January 1, 2018. The Company is continuing to evaluate the standard’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition. 3M has conducted initial analyses, developed project management relative to the process of adopting this ASU, and is currently completing detailed contract reviews to determine necessary adjustments to existing accounting policies and to support an evaluation of the standard’s impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition. For the majority of 3M’s revenue arrangements, no significant impacts are expected as these transactions are not accounted for under industry-specific guidance that will be superseded by the ASU and generally consist of a single performance obligation to transfer promised goods or services. However, in addition to expanded disclosures regarding revenue, the ASU could, for example, impact the timing of revenue recognition in some arrangements for which software industry-specific guidance (which the ASU supersedes) is presently utilized. The Company currently anticipates utilizing the modified retrospective method of adoption on January 1, 2018.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory, which modified previous requirements regarding measuring inventory at the lower of cost or market. Under previous standards, the market amount required consideration of replacement cost, net realizable value (NRV), and NRV less an approximately normal profit margin. The new ASU replaced market with NRV, defined as estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. This eliminated the need to determine and consider replacement cost or NRV less an approximately normal profit margin when measuring inventory. 3M adopted this standard prospectively beginning January 1, 2017. The adoption did not have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which revises the accounting related to (1) the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and (2) the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value. The ASU also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. The new guidance requires the fair value measurement of investments in equity securities and other ownership interests in an entity, including investments in partnerships, unincorporated joint ventures and limited liability companies (collectively, equity securities) that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method. Entities will need to measure these investments and recognize changes in fair value in net income. Entities will no longer be able to recognize unrealized holding gains and losses on equity securities they classify under current guidance as available for sale in other comprehensive income (OCI). They also will no longer be able to use the cost method of accounting for equity securities that do not have readily determinable fair values. Instead, for these types of equity investments that do not otherwise qualify for the net asset value practical expedient, entities will be permitted to elect a practicability exception and measure the investment at cost less impairment plus or minus observable price changes (in orderly transactions). The ASU also establishes an incremental recognition and disclosure requirement related to the presentation of fair value changes of financial liabilities for which the fair value option (FVO) has been elected. Under this guidance, an entity would be required to separately present in OCI the portion of the total fair value change attributable to instrument-specific credit risk as opposed to reflecting the entire amount in earnings. For derivative liabilities for which the FVO has been elected, however, any changes in fair value attributable to instrument-specific credit risk would continue to be presented in net income, which is consistent with current guidance. For 3M, this standard is effective beginning January 1, 2018 via a cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings, except for guidance relative to equity securities without readily determinable fair values which is applied prospectively. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition, however, 3M has historically held limited amounts of equity securities and cost method investments (less than $75 million in aggregate at March 31, 2017), and has not elected the FVO with respect to material financial liabilities.

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In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, replacing existing lease accounting guidance. The new standard introduces a lessee model that would require entities to recognize assets and liabilities for most leases, but recognize expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current accounting. The ASU does not make fundamental changes to existing lessor accounting. However, it modifies what qualifies as a sales-type and direct financing lease and related accounting and aligns a number of the underlying principles with those of the new revenue standard, ASU No. 2014-09, such as evaluating how collectability should be considered and determining when profit can be recognized. The guidance eliminates existing real estate-specific provisions and requires expanded qualitative and quantitative disclosures. The standard requires modified retrospective transition by which it is applied at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the year of adoption. For 3M, the ASU is effective January 1, 2019. Information under existing lease guidance with respect to rent expense for operating leases and the Company’s minimum lease payments for capital and operating leases with non-cancelable terms in excess one year as of December 31, 2016 is included in Note 14 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-06, Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments. This ASU clarified guidance used to determine if debt instruments that contain contingent put or call options require separation of the embedded put or call feature from the debt instrument and trigger accounting for the feature as a derivative with changes in fair value recorded through income. Under the new guidance, fewer put or call options embedded in debt instruments require derivative accounting. For 3M, this ASU was effective January 1, 2017. The Company’s outstanding debt with embedded put provisions did not require separate derivative accounting under previous guidance. As a result, the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-07, Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting, which eliminated the previous requirement to apply the equity method of accounting retrospectively (revising prior periods as if the equity method had always been applied) when an entity obtained significant influence over a previously held investment. The new guidance requires the investor to apply the equity method prospectively from the date the investment qualifies for the equity method. The investor would add the carrying value of the existing investment to the cost of any additional investment to determine the initial cost basis of the equity method investment. For 3M, this ASU was effective January 1, 2017 on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. 3M will apply this guidance to investments that transition to the equity method after the adoption date.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which revises guidance for the accounting for credit losses on financial instruments within its scope. The new standard introduces an approach, based on expected losses, to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments and modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. The new approach to estimating credit losses (referred to as the current expected credit losses model) applies to most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade and other receivables, loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, net investments in leases and off-balance-sheet credit exposures. With respect to available-for-sale (AFS) debt securities, the ASU amends the current other-than-temporary impairment model. For such securities with unrealized losses, entities will still consider if a portion of any impairment is related only to credit losses and therefore recognized as a reduction in income. However, rather than also reflecting that credit loss amount as a permanent reduction in cost (amortized cost) basis of that AFS debt security, the ASU requires that credit losses be reflected as an allowance. As a result, under certain circumstances, a recovery in value could result in previous allowances, or portions thereof, reversing back into income. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Entities are required to apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which was intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The standard provided guidance in a number of situations including, among others, settlement of zero-coupon bonds, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, and distributions received from equity method investees. The ASU also provided 

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guidance for classifying cash receipts and payments that have aspects of more than one class of cash flows. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted ASU No. 2016-15 as of January 1, 2017. Since the associated changes in classification were immaterial to all prior periods presented, no impact was reflected in the Company’s pre-2017 consolidated results of operations and financial condition presented.  

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, which modifies existing guidance and is intended to reduce diversity in practice with respect to the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets. The ASU indicates that the current exception to income tax accounting that requires companies to defer the income tax effects of certain intercompany transactions would apply only to intercompany inventory transactions. That is, the exception would no longer apply to intercompany sales and transfers of other assets (e.g., intangible assets). Under the existing exception, income tax expense associated with intra-entity profits in an intercompany sale or transfer of assets is eliminated from earnings. Instead, that cost is deferred and recorded on the balance sheet (e.g., as a prepaid asset) until the assets leave the consolidated group. Similarly, the entity is prohibited from recognizing deferred tax assets for the increases in tax bases due to the intercompany sale or transfer. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted as of January 1, 2017. The standard requires modified retrospective transition with a cumulative catch-up adjustment to opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. Upon adoption, a company would write off any income tax effects that had been deferred from past intercompany transactions involving non-inventory assets to opening retained earnings. In addition, an entity would record deferred tax assets with an offset to opening retained earnings for amounts that entity had previously not recognized under existing guidance but would recognize under the new guidance. While 3M could initiate additional relevant transactions prior to this ASU’s adoption date, based on deferred tax amounts related to applicable past intercompany transactions as of December 31, 2016, the Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-17, Interests Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control, which modified previous guidance with respect to how a decision maker that holds an indirect interest in a variable interest entity (VIE) through a common control party determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE as part of the analysis of whether the VIE would need to be consolidated. Under the ASU, a decision maker would need to consider only its proportionate indirect interest in the VIE held through a common control party. Previous guidance had required the decision maker to treat the common control party’s interest in the VIE as if the decision maker held the interest itself. As a result of the ASU, in certain cases, previous consolidation conclusions may change. For 3M, the standard was effective January 1, 2017 with retrospective application to January 1, 2016. 3M does not have significant involvement with entities subject to consolidation considerations impacted by VIE model factors. As a result, the adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Restricted Cash, which clarified guidance on the classification and presentation of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. Under the ASU, changes in restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents would be included along with those of cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. As a result, entities would no longer present transfers between cash/equivalents and restricted cash/equivalents in the statement of cash flows. In addition, a reconciliation between the balance sheet and the statement of cash flows would be disclosed when the balance sheet includes more than one line item for cash/equivalents and restricted cash/equivalents. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted ASU No. 2016-18 as of January 1, 2017. Due to the immaterial use of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, no impact was reflected in the Company’s pre-2017 consolidated results of operations and financial condition presented.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which narrows the existing definition of a business and provides a framework for evaluating whether a transaction should be accounted for as an acquisition (or disposal) of assets or a business. The ASU requires an entity to evaluate if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets; if so, the set of transferred assets and activities (collectively, the set) is not a business. To be considered a business, the set would need to include an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs. The standard also narrows the definition of outputs. The definition of a business affects areas of accounting such

11

as acquisitions, disposals and goodwill. Under the new guidance, fewer acquired sets are expected to be considered businesses. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018 on a prospective basis with early adoption permitted. 3M would apply this guidance to applicable transactions after the adoption date.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. Under the new standard, goodwill impairment would be measured as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying value of goodwill. This ASU eliminates existing guidance that requires an entity to determine goodwill impairment by calculating the implied fair value of goodwill by hypothetically assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. For 3M, this ASU is effective prospectively to impairment tests beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. 3M currently plans to early adopt this ASU in the fourth quarter of 2017. 3M would apply this guidance to applicable impairment tests after the adoption date.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets. This ASU addresses scope-related questions that arose after the FASB issued its revenue guidance in ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The new standard clarifies the accounting for derecognition of nonfinancial assets and defines what is considered an in substance nonfinancial asset. Nonfinancial assets largely relate to items such as real estate, ships and intellectual property that do not constitute a business. The new ASU impacts entities derecognizing (e.g. selling) nonfinancial assets (or in substance nonfinancial assets), including partial interests therein, when the purchaser is not a customer. Under the new guidance, the seller would apply certain recognition and measurement principles of ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, even though the purchaser is not a customer. For 3M, this new standard is effective coincident with the Company’s January 1, 2018 adoption of ASU No. 2014-09. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. This ASU changes how employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement benefit plans present the net periodic benefit cost in the income statement. Under the new standard, only the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost would be included in operating expenses and only the service cost component would be eligible for capitalization into assets such as inventory. All other net periodic benefit costs components (such as interest, expected return on plan assets, prior service cost amortization and actuarial gain/loss amortization) would essentially be reported outside of operating income. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018 on a retrospective basis; however, guidance limiting the capitalization to only the service cost component is applied on prospective basis. The components of 3M’s net periodic defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit costs are presented in Note 7. These include components totaling a benefit of $32 million and $52 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, that would no longer be included within operating expenses and instead would be reported outside of income from operations under the new standard.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities, which amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. Under existing standards, entities generally amortize the premium as an adjustment of yield over the contractual life of the instrument. The new guidance shortens the amortization period to the earliest call date for certain callable debt securities that have explicit, noncontingent call features and are callable at a fixed price and preset date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2019 with a modified retrospective transition resulting in a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. Early adoption is permitted. 3M’s marketable security portfolio includes very limited instances of callable debt securities held at a premium. As a result, the Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition. 

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NOTE 2.  Acquisitions and Divestitures

Acquisitions:

3M makes acquisitions of certain businesses from time to time that are aligned with its strategic intent with respect to, among other factors, growth markets and adjacent product lines or technologies.

There were no business combinations that closed during the three months ended March 31, 2017.

In March 2017, 3M (Safety and Graphics Business) announced that it entered into an agreement to acquire Scott Safety, which is headquartered in Monroe, North Carolina, from Johnson Controls for $2.0 billion, subject to closing and other adjustments. Scott Safety is a premier manufacturer of innovative products, including self-contained breathing apparatus systems, gas and flame detection instruments, and other safety devices that complement 3M’s personal safety portfolio. The business had revenues of approximately $570 million in 2016. The transaction is expected to close in the second half of 2017, subject to customary closing conditions, regulatory approvals, and information or consultation requirements with relevant works councils.

Divestitures:

3M may divest certain businesses from time to time based upon reviews of the Company’s portfolio considering, among other items, factors relative to the extent of strategic and technological alignment and optimization of capital deployment, in addition to considering if selling the businesses results in the greatest value creation for the Company and for shareholders.

In January 2017, 3M (Safety and Graphics Business) sold the assets of its safety prescription eyewear business, with annual sales of approximately $45 million, to HOYA Vision Care. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain of $29 million in the first quarter of 2017 as a result of this sale (recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses).

In December 2016, 3M (Safety and Graphics Business) agreed to sell its identity management business to Gemalto N.V. for $850 million, subject to closing and other adjustments. In May 2017, 3M completed the related sale or transfer of control, as applicable. This business, with 2016 sales of approximately $205 million, is a leading provider  in identity management solutions, including biometric hardware and software that enable identity verification and authentication, as well as secure materials and document readers. The Company expects a pre-tax gain of approximately $470 million as a result of this divestiture.

The aggregate operating income of these two businesses was less than $20 million in each of 2016 and 2015. The approximate amounts of major assets and liabilities associated with disposal groups classified as held-for-sale as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 included the following:

	March 31,		December 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Accounts receivable	$	25	$	25
Property, plant and equipment (net)		20		25
Intangible assets		25		35
Deferred revenue (other current liabilities)		30		35

In addition, approximately $250 million and $270 million of goodwill was estimated to be attributable to disposal groups classified as held-for-sale as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, based upon relative fair value. The amounts above have not been segregated and are classified within the existing corresponding line items on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

Refer to Note 2 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on 3M’s acquisitions and divestitures.

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NOTE 3.  Goodwill and Intangible Assets

There were no acquisitions that closed during the first three months of 2017. The amounts in the “Translation and other” column in the following table primarily relate to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The goodwill balances by business segment as of December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2017, follow:

Goodwill

	December 31, 2016		Acquisition		Translation		March 31, 2017
(Millions)	Balance		activity		and other		Balance
Industrial	$	2,536	$	—	$	41	$	2,577
Safety and Graphics		3,324		—		20		3,344
Health Care		1,609		—		18		1,627
Electronics and Energy		1,489		—		13		1,502
Consumer		208		—		—		208
Total Company	$	9,166	$	—	$	92	$	9,258

Accounting standards require that goodwill be tested for impairment annually and between annual tests in certain circumstances such as a change in reporting units or the testing of recoverability of a significant asset group within a reporting unit. At 3M, reporting units generally correspond to a division.

As described in Note 12, effective in the first quarter of 2017, the Company changed its business segment reporting in its continuing effort to improve the alignment of its businesses around markets and customers. For any product changes that resulted in reporting unit changes, the Company applied the relative fair value method to determine the impact on goodwill of the associated reporting units. During the first quarter of 2017, the Company completed its assessment of any potential goodwill impairment for reporting units impacted by this new structure and determined that no impairment existed.

Acquired Intangible Assets

The carrying amount and accumulated amortization of acquired finite-lived intangible assets, in addition to the balance of non-amortizable intangible assets, as of March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, follow:

	March 31,		December 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Customer related intangible assets	$	1,935	$	1,939
Patents		604		602
Other technology-based intangible assets		527		524
Definite-lived tradenames		417		420
Other amortizable intangible assets		213		211
Total gross carrying amount	$	3,696	$	3,696
Accumulated amortization — customer related		(824)		(797)
Accumulated amortization — patents		(506)		(497)
Accumulated amortization — other technology based		(315)		(302)
Accumulated amortization — definite-lived tradenames		(239)		(236)
Accumulated amortization — other		(176)		(173)
Total accumulated amortization	$	(2,060)	$	(2,005)
Total finite-lived intangible assets — net	$	1,636	$	1,691
Non-amortizable intangible assets (primarily tradenames)		633		629
Total intangible assets — net	$	2,269	$	2,320

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Certain tradenames acquired by 3M are not amortized because they have been in existence for over 55 years, have a history of leading-market share positions, have been and are intended to be continuously renewed, and the associated products of which are expected to generate cash flows for 3M for an indefinite period of time.

Amortization expense for acquired intangible assets for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 follows:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Amortization expense	$	64	$	66

Expected amortization expense for acquired amortizable intangible assets recorded as of March 31, 2017:

	Remainder
	of												After
(Millions)	2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2022
Amortization expense	$	183	$	195	$	186	$	177	$	161	$	146	$	588

The preceding expected amortization expense is an estimate. Actual amounts of amortization expense may differ from estimated amounts due to additional intangible asset acquisitions, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, impairment of intangible assets, accelerated amortization of intangible assets and other events. 3M expenses the costs incurred to renew or extend the term of intangible assets.

NOTE 4.  Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

Three months ended March 31, 2017

			3M Company Shareholders
			Common						Accumulated
			Stock and						Other
			Additional						Comprehensive		Non-
			Paid-in		Retained		Treasury		Income		controlling
(Millions)	Total		Capital		Earnings		Stock		(Loss)		Interest
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	10,343	$	5,070	$	37,907	$	(25,434)	$	(7,245)	$	45
Net income		1,326				1,323						3
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment		292								289		3
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans adjustment		83								83		—
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)		(76)								(76)		—
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		299
Dividends declared		(702)				(702)
Stock-based compensation		128		128
Reacquired stock		(678)						(678)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans		324				(434)		758
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	11,040	$	5,198	$	38,094	$	(25,354)	$	(6,949)	$	51

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Three months ended March 31, 2016

			3M Company Shareholders
			Common						Accumulated
			Stock and						Other
			Additional						Comprehensive		Non-
			Paid-in		Retained		Treasury		Income		controlling
(Millions)	Total		Capital		Earnings		Stock		(Loss)		Interest
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	11,468	$	4,800	$	36,296	$	(23,308)	$	(6,359)	$	39
Net income		1,278				1,275						3
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment		138								139		(1)
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans adjustment		69								69		—
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)		(110)								(110)		—
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		97
Dividends declared		(672)				(672)
Stock-based compensation		125		125
Reacquired stock		(1,163)						(1,163)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans		362				(393)		755
Balance at March 31, 2016	$	11,495	$	4,925	$	36,506	$	(23,716)	$	(6,261)	$	41

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to 3M by Component

Three months ended March 31, 2017

							Total
			Defined Benefit		Cash Flow		Accumulated
			Pension and		Hedging		Other
	Cumulative		Postretirement		Instruments,		Comprehensive
	Translation		Plans		Unrealized		Income
(Millions)	Adjustment		Adjustment		Gain (Loss)		(Loss)
Balance at December 31, 2016, net of tax:	$	(2,008)	$	(5,328)	$	91	$	(7,245)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications		226		—		(101)		125
Amounts reclassified out		—		119		(18)		101
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax		226		119		(119)		226
Tax effect		63		(36)		43		70
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		289		83		(76)		296
Balance at March 31, 2017, net of tax:	$	(1,719)	$	(5,245)	$	15	$	(6,949)

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Three months ended March 31, 2016

							Total
			Defined Benefit		Cash Flow		Accumulated
			Pension and		Hedging		Other
	Cumulative		Postretirement		Instruments,		Comprehensive
	Translation		Plans		Unrealized		Income
(Millions)	Adjustment		Adjustment		Gain (Loss)		(Loss)
Balance at December 31, 2015, net of tax:	$	(1,679)	$	(4,804)	$	124	$	(6,359)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications		60		—		(121)		(61)
Amounts reclassified out		—		103		(52)		51
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax		60		103		(173)		(10)
Tax effect		79		(34)		63		108
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		139		69		(110)		98
Balance at March 31, 2016, net of tax:	$	(1,540)	$	(4,735)	$	14	$	(6,261)

Income taxes are not provided for foreign translation relating to permanent investments in international subsidiaries, but tax effects within cumulative translation does include impacts from items such as net investment hedge transactions. Reclassification adjustments are made to avoid double counting in comprehensive income items that are also recorded as part of net income.

Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Attributable to 3M

	Amount Reclassified from
Details about Accumulated Other	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive Income Components	Three months ended March 31,				Location on Income
(Millions)	2017		2016		Statement
Gains (losses) associated with, defined benefit pension and postretirement plans amortization
Transition asset	$	—	$	—	See Note 7
Prior service benefit		22		23	See Note 7
Net actuarial loss		(141)		(126)	See Note 7
Total before tax		(119)		(103)
Tax effect		36		34	Provision for income taxes
Net of tax	$	(83)	$	(69)
Cash flow hedging instruments gains (losses)
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	18	$	53	Cost of sales
Interest rate swap contracts		—		(1)	Interest expense
Total before tax		18		52
Tax effect		(6)		(18)	Provision for income taxes
Net of tax	$	12	$	34
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(71)	$	(35)

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NOTE 5.  Income Taxes

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2005.

The IRS has completed its field examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for the years 2005 through 2014. The Company protested certain IRS positions within these tax years and entered into the administrative appeals process with the IRS. In December 2012, the Company received a statutory notice of deficiency for the 2006 year. The Company filed a petition in Tax Court in the first quarter of 2013 relating to the 2006 tax year.

Currently, the Company is under examination by the IRS for its U.S. federal income tax returns for the years 2015, 2016, and 2017. It is anticipated that the IRS will complete its examination of the Company for 2015 by the end of the fourth

quarter of 2017, for 2016 by the end of the first quarter of 2018, and for 2017 by the end of the first quarter of 2019. As of March 31, 2017, the IRS has not proposed any significant adjustments to the Company’s tax positions for which the Company is not adequately reserved.

Payments relating to other proposed assessments arising from the 2005 through 2017 examinations may not be made until a final agreement is reached between the Company and the IRS on such assessments or upon a final resolution resulting from the administrative appeals process or judicial action. In addition to the U.S. federal examination, there is also audit activity in several U.S. state and foreign jurisdictions.

3M anticipates changes to the Company’s uncertain tax positions due to the closing and resolution of audit issues for various audit years mentioned above and closure of statutes. Currently, the Company is estimating a decrease in unrecognized tax benefits during the next 12 months as a result of anticipated resolutions of audit issues. The total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are $348 million and $333 million, respectively.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expense. The Company recognized in the consolidated statement of income on a gross basis approximately $3 million of expense and $4 million of benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, respectively. At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, accrued interest and penalties in the consolidated balance sheet on a gross basis were $55 million and $52 million, respectively. Included in these interest and penalty amounts are interest and penalties related to tax positions for which the ultimate deductibility is highly certain but for which there is uncertainty about the timing of such deductibility. Because of the impact of deferred tax accounting, other than interest and penalties, the disallowance of the shorter deductibility period would not affect the annual effective tax rate but would accelerate the payment of cash to the taxing authority to an earlier period.

The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2017 was 23.7 percent, compared to 26.8 percent in the first quarter of 2016, a decrease of 3.1 percentage points. Primary factors that decreased the Company’s effective tax rate on a combined basis by 3.6 percentage points for the first three months of 2017 when compared to the same period for 2016 included an increase in excess tax benefits related to employee share-based payments, international taxes that were impacted by changes to the geographic mix of income before taxes and prior year cash optimization actions, and other items. This decrease was partially offset by a 0.5 percentage point year-on-year increase related to remeasurements of 3M’s uncertain tax positions.

The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach. Under this approach, deferred income taxes represent the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax basis of assets and liabilities. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets when uncertainty regarding their realizability exits. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had valuation allowances of $51 million and $47 million on its deferred tax assets, respectively.

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NOTE 6.  Marketable Securities

The Company invests in asset-backed securities, certificates of deposit/time deposits, commercial paper, and other securities. The following is a summary of amounts recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for marketable securities (current and non-current).

	March 31,		December 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Corporate debt securities	$	10	$	10
Commercial paper		1		14
Certificates of deposit/time deposits		89		197
U.S. municipal securities		3		3
Asset-backed securities:
Automobile loan related		29		31
Credit card related		9		18
Other		—		7
Asset-backed securities total		38		56
Current marketable securities	$	141	$	280
U.S. municipal securities	$	17	$	17
Non-current marketable securities	$	17	$	17
Total marketable securities	$	158	$	297

Classification of marketable securities as current or non-current is based on the nature of the securities and availability for use in current operations. At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, gross unrealized gains and/or losses (pre-tax) were not material. The gross amounts of the realized gains or losses were not material. Cost of securities sold use the first in, first out (FIFO) method. Since these marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale securities, changes in fair value will flow through other comprehensive income, with amounts reclassified out of other comprehensive income into earnings upon sale or “other-than-temporary” impairment.

3M reviews impairments associated with its marketable securities in accordance with the measurement guidance provided by ASC 320, Investments-Debt and Equity Securities, when determining the classification of the impairment as “temporary” or “other-than-temporary”. A temporary impairment charge results in an unrealized loss being recorded in the other comprehensive income component of shareholders’ equity. Such an unrealized loss does not reduce net income attributable to 3M for the applicable accounting period because the loss is not viewed as other-than-temporary. The factors evaluated to differentiate between temporary and other-than-temporary include the projected future cash flows, credit ratings actions, and assessment of the credit quality of the underlying collateral, as well as other factors.

The balances at March 31, 2017 for marketable securities by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties.

(Millions)	March 31, 2017
Due in one year or less	$	95
Due after one year through five years		59
Due after five years through ten years		4
Total marketable securities	$	158

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3M has a diversified marketable securities portfolio. Within this portfolio, asset-backed securities primarily include interests in automobile loans, credit cards and other asset-backed securities.  3M’s investment policy allows investments in asset-backed securities with minimum credit ratings of Aa2 by Moody’s Investors Service or AA by Standard & Poor’s or Fitch Ratings or DBRS. Asset-backed securities must be rated by at least two of the aforementioned rating agencies, one of which must be Moody’s Investors Service or Standard & Poor’s. At March 31, 2017, all asset-backed security investments were in compliance with this policy. Approximately 77.4 percent of all asset-backed security investments were rated AAA or A-1+ by Standard & Poor’s and/or Aaa or P-1 by Moody’s Investors Service and/or AAA or F1+ by Fitch Ratings. Interest rate risk and credit risk related to the underlying collateral may impact the value of investments in asset-backed securities, while factors such as general conditions in the overall credit market and the nature of the underlying collateral may affect the liquidity of investments in asset-backed securities. 3M does not currently expect risk related to its holding in asset-backed securities to materially impact its financial condition or liquidity.

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NOTE 7.  Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

Net periodic benefit cost is recorded in cost of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses, and research, development and related expenses. Components of net periodic benefit cost and other supplemental information for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 follow:

Benefit Plan Information

	Three months ended March 31,
	Qualified and Non-qualified
	Pension Benefits								Postretirement
	United States				International				Benefits
(Millions)	2017		2016		2017		2016		2017		2016
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
Service cost	$	67	$	65	$	33	$	33	$	13	$	13
Interest cost		142		143		37		43		19		20
Expected return on plan assets		(259)		(260)		(69)		(78)		(21)		(23)
Amortization of transition (asset) obligation		—		—		—		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)		(6)		(6)		(3)		(3)		(13)		(14)
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss		97		88		30		22		14		16
Settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other	$	41	$	30	$	28	$	17	$	12	$	12

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, contributions totaling $247 million were made to the Company’s U.S. and international pension plans and $1 million to its postretirement plans. For total year 2017, the Company expects to contribute approximately $300 million to $500 million of cash to its global defined benefit pension and postretirement plans. The Company does not have a required minimum cash pension contribution obligation for its U.S. plans in 2017. Future contributions will depend on market conditions, interest rates and other factors. 3M’s annual measurement date for pension and postretirement assets and liabilities is December 31 each year, which is also the date used for the related annual measurement assumptions.

3M was informed during the first quarter of 2009, that the general partners of WG Trading Company, in which 3M’s benefit plans hold limited partnership interests, are the subject of a criminal investigation as well as civil proceedings by the SEC and CFTC (Commodity Futures Trading Commission). In March 2011, over the objections of 3M and six other limited partners of WG Trading Company, the district court judge ruled in favor of the court appointed receiver’s proposed distribution plan (and in April 2013, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed the district court’s ruling). The benefit plan trustee holdings of WG Trading Company interests were adjusted to reflect the decreased estimated fair market value, inclusive of estimated insurance proceeds, as of the annual measurement dates. The Company has insurance that it believes, based on what is currently known, will result in the probable recovery of a portion of the decrease in original asset value. In the first quarter of 2014, 3M and certain 3M benefit plans filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota against five insurers seeking insurance coverage for the WG Trading Company claim. In September 2015, the court ruled in favor of the defendant insurance companies on a motion for summary judgment and dismissed the lawsuit. In October 2015, 3M and the 3M benefit plans filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. As of the 2016 measurement date, these holdings represented less than one half of one percent of 3M’s fair value of total plan assets. 3M currently believes that the resolution of these events will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position of the Company.

As part of a diversified investment strategy, the U.S. pension and postretirement benefit plans made investments in the natural gas fired power generation industry during the period 2011 through 2013. In April 2017, one of these entities, Panda Temple Power, LLC, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. This investment represented less than one percent of the fair value of the U.S. pension and postretirement plans’ assets as of their 2016 measurement date.

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NOTE 8.  Derivatives

The Company uses interest rate swaps, currency swaps, commodity price swaps, and forward and option contracts to manage risks generally associated with foreign exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations. The information that follows explains the various types of derivatives and financial instruments used by 3M, how and why 3M uses such instruments, how such instruments are accounted for, and how such instruments impact 3M’s financial position and performance.

Additional information with respect to the impacts on other comprehensive income of nonderivative hedging and derivative instruments is included in Note 4. Additional information with respect to the fair value of derivative instruments is included in Note 9. References to information regarding derivatives and/or hedging instruments associated with the Company’s long-term debt are also made in Note 10 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Types of Derivatives/Hedging Instruments and Inclusion in Income/Other Comprehensive Income

Cash Flow Hedges:

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current earnings.

Cash Flow Hedging - Foreign Currency Forward and Option Contracts: The Company enters into foreign exchange forward and option contracts to hedge against the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash flows denominated in foreign currencies. These transactions are designated as cash flow hedges. The settlement or extension of these derivatives will result in reclassifications (from accumulated other comprehensive income) to earnings in the period during which the hedged transactions affect earnings. 3M may dedesignate these cash flow hedge relationships in advance of the occurrence of the forecasted transaction. The portion of gains or losses on the derivative instrument previously accumulated in other comprehensive income for dedesignated hedges remains in accumulated other comprehensive income until the forecasted transaction occurs. Changes in the value of derivative instruments after dedesignation are recorded in earnings and are included in the Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments section below. The maximum length of time over which 3M hedges its exposure to the variability in future cash flows of the forecasted transactions is 36 months.

Cash Flow Hedging — Interest Rate Contracts: The Company may use forward starting interest rate contracts to hedge exposure to variability in cash flows from interest payments on forecasted debt issuances. The amortization of gains and losses on forward starting interest rate swaps is included in the tables below as part of the gain/(loss) recognized in income on the effective portion of derivatives as a result of reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income. Additional information regarding previously issued and terminated interest rate contracts can be found in Note 12 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

In the first six months of 2016, the Company entered into a forward starting interest rate swaps that expired in December 2016 with an aggregate notional amount of $300 million as a hedge against interest rate volatility associated with a forecasted issuance of fixed rate debt. Upon issuance of medium-term notes in September 2016, 3M terminated these interest rate swaps. The termination resulted in an immaterial loss within accumulated other comprehensive income that will be amortized over the respective lives of the debt.

In the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company entered into forward starting interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $200 million as a hedge against interest rate volatility associated with a forecasted issuance of fixed rate debt. In the first quarter of 2017, the Company entered into forward starting interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $200 million as a hedge against interest rate volatility associated with a forecasted issuance of fixed rate debt.

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The amortization of gains and losses on forward starting interest rate swaps is included in the tables below as part of the  gain/(loss) recognized in income on the effective portion of derivatives as a result of reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had a balance of $15 million associated with the after-tax net unrealized gain associated with cash flow hedging instruments recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. This includes a remaining balance of $5 million (after tax loss)  related to the forward starting interest rate swaps, which will be amortized over the respective lives of the debt.  Based on exchange rates as of March 31, 2017, 3M expects to reclassify approximately $13 million of the after-tax net unrealized foreign exchange cash flow hedging gains to earnings over the remainder of 2017, approximately $2 million of the after-tax net unrealized foreign exchange cash flow hedging gains to earnings in 2018, and an immaterial amount of after-tax net unrealized foreign exchange cash flow hedging losses to earnings after 2018 (with the impact offset by earnings/losses from underlying hedged items). 3M expects to reclassify approximately $9 million of the after-tax net unrealized foreign exchange cash flow hedging gains to earnings over the next 12 months.

The location in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges are provided in the following table.

			Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in
	Pretax Gain (Loss)		Income on Effective Portion of			Ineffective Portion of Gain
	Recognized in Other		Derivative as a Result of			(Loss) on Derivative and
	Comprehensive		Reclassification from			Amount Excluded from
	Income on Effective		Accumulated Other			Effectiveness Testing
Three months ended March 31, 2017	Portion of Derivative		Comprehensive Income			Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	(100)	Cost of sales	$	18	Cost of sales	$	—
Interest rate swap contracts		(1)	Interest expense		—	Interest expense		—
Total	$	(101)		$	18		$	—

Three months ended March 31, 2016	Portion of Derivative		Comprehensive Income			Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	(120)	Cost of sales	$	53	Cost of sales	$	—
Interest rate swap contracts		(1)	Interest expense		(1)	Interest expense		—
Total	$	(121)		$	52		$	—

Fair Value Hedges:

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivatives as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings.

Fair Value Hedging - Interest Rate Swaps: The Company manages interest expense using a mix of fixed and floating rate debt. To help manage borrowing costs, the Company may enter into interest rate swaps. Under these arrangements, the Company agrees to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed and floating interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal amount. The mark-to-market of these fair value hedges is recorded as gains or losses in interest expense and is offset by the gain or loss of the underlying debt instrument, which also is recorded in interest expense. These fair value hedges are highly effective and, thus, there is no impact on earnings due to hedge ineffectiveness. Additional information regarding designated interest rate swaps can be found in Note 12 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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The location in the consolidated statements of income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges and similar information relative to the hedged items are as follows:

	Gain (Loss) on Derivative			Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item
Three months ended March 31, 2017	Recognized in Income			Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Interest rate swap contracts	Interest expense	$	(5)	Interest expense	$	5
Total		$	(5)		$	5

Three months ended March 31, 2016
(Millions)	Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Interest rate swap contracts	Interest expense	$	29	Interest expense	$	(29)
Total		$	29		$	(29)

Net Investment Hedges:

The Company may use non-derivative (foreign currency denominated debt) and derivative (foreign exchange forward contracts) instruments to hedge portions of the Company’s investment in foreign subsidiaries and manage foreign exchange risk. For instruments that are designated and qualify as hedges of net investments in foreign operations and that meet the effectiveness requirements, the net gains or losses attributable to changes in spot exchange rates are recorded in cumulative translation within other comprehensive income. The remainder of the change in value of such instruments is recorded in earnings. Recognition in earnings of amounts previously recorded in cumulative translation is limited to circumstances such as complete or substantially complete liquidation of the net investment in the hedged foreign operation. To the extent foreign currency denominated debt is not designated in or is dedesignated from a net investment hedge relationship, changes in value of that portion of foreign currency denominated debt due to exchange rate changes are recorded in earnings through their maturity date.

3M’s use of foreign exchange forward contracts designated in hedges of the Company’s net investment in foreign subsidiaries can vary by time period depending on when foreign currency denominated debt balances designated in such relationships are dedesignated, matured, or are newly issued and designated. Additionally, variation can occur in connection with the extent of the Company’s desired foreign exchange risk coverage.

At March 31, 2017, the total notional amount of foreign exchange forward contracts designated in net investment hedges was approximately 150 million Euros and approximately 248 billion South Korean Won, along with a principal amount of long-term debt instruments designated in net investment hedges totaling 4.4 billion Euros. The maturity dates of these derivative and nonderivative instruments designated in net investment hedges range from 2017 to 2031.

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The location in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative and nonderivative instruments designated as net investment hedges are as follows. There were no reclassifications of the effective portion of net investment hedges out of accumulated other comprehensive income into income for the periods presented in the table below.

	Pretax Gain (Loss)
	Recognized as
	Cumulative Translation
	within Other		Ineffective Portion of Gain (Loss) on
	Comprehensive Income		Instrument and Amount Excluded
	on Effective Portion of		from Effectiveness Testing
Three months ended March 31, 2017	Instrument		Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency denominated debt	$	(121)	N/A	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts		(20)	Cost of sales		2
Total	$	(141)		$	2

Three months ended March 31, 2016	Comprehenive Income		Instrument and Amount Excluded
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency denominated debt	$	(144)	N/A	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts		(43)	Cost of sales		(2)
Total	$	(187)		$	(2)

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:

3M enters into foreign exchange forward contracts that are not designated in hedge relationships to offset, in part, the impacts of certain intercompany transactions and to further mitigate short-term currency impacts. In addition, the Company enters into commodity price swaps to offset, in part, fluctuations in costs associated with the use of certain precious metals. These derivative instruments are not designated in hedging relationships; therefore, fair value gains and losses on these contracts are recorded in earnings. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.

The Company revised amounts previously presented in the table below for the gain (loss) on derivatives recognized in income for the three months ended March 31, 2016 relative to foreign currency forward contracts. This immaterial correction increased the previously presented amount of the loss recognized in income in the disclosure table below by $58 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. This revision had no impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

The location in the consolidated statements of income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments are as follows:

	Three months ended March 31, 2017
	Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in
	Income
(Millions)	Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	Cost of sales	$	(1)
Foreign currency forward contracts	Interest expense		42
Total		$	41

	Three months ended March 31, 2016
	Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in
	Income
(Millions)	Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	Cost of sales	$	(5)
Foreign currency forward contracts	Interest expense		(65)
Total		$	(70)

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Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments

The following tables summarize the fair value of 3M’s derivative instruments, excluding nonderivative instruments used as hedging instruments, and their location in the consolidated balance sheet. Notional amounts below are presented at period end foreign exchange rates, except interest rate swaps, which are presented using the contract inception date’s foreign exchange rate. Additional information with respect to the fair value of derivative instruments is included in Note 9.

	Gross		Assets			Liabilities
March 31, 2017	Notional			Fair			Fair
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Value Amount		Location	Value Amount
Derivatives designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	2,150	Other current assets	$	42	Other current liabilities	$	37
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		1,470	Other assets		57	Other liabilities		12
Interest rate swap contracts		400	Other current assets		2	Other current liabilities		1
Interest rate swap contracts		1,753	Other assets		22	Other liabilities		4
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments				$	123		$	54
Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	6,293	Other current assets	$	52	Other current liabilities	$	29
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments				$	52		$	29
Total derivative instruments				$	175		$	83

	Gross		Assets			Liabilities
December 31, 2016	Notional			Fair			Fair
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Value Amount		Location	Value Amount
Derivatives designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	2,160	Other current assets	$	107	Other current liabilities	$	9
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		1,459	Other assets		86	Other liabilities		3
Interest rate swap contracts		1,953	Other assets		25	Other current liabilities		1
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments				$	218		$	13
Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	5,655	Other current assets	$	41	Other current liabilities	$	82
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments				$	41		$	82
Total derivative instruments				$	259		$	95

Credit Risk and Offsetting of Assets and Liabilities of Derivative Instruments

The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by counterparties in interest rate swaps, currency swaps, commodity price swaps, and forward and option contracts. However, the Company’s risk is limited to the fair value of the instruments. The Company actively monitors its exposure to credit risk through the use of credit approvals and credit limits, and by selecting major international banks and financial institutions as counterparties. 3M enters into master netting arrangements with counterparties when possible to mitigate credit risk in derivative transactions. A master netting arrangement may allow each counterparty to net settle amounts owed between a 3M entity and the counterparty as a result of multiple, separate derivative transactions. As of March 31, 2017, 3M has International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) agreements with 16 applicable banks and financial institutions which contain netting provisions. In addition to a master agreement with 3M supported by a primary counterparty’s parent guarantee, 3M also has associated credit support agreements in place with 15 of its primary derivative counterparties which, among other things, provide the circumstances under which either party is required to post eligible collateral (when the market value of transactions covered by these agreements exceeds specified thresholds or if a counterparty’s credit rating has been

26

downgraded to a predetermined rating). The Company does not anticipate nonperformance by any of these counterparties.

3M has elected to present the fair value of derivative assets and liabilities within the Company’s consolidated balance sheet on a gross basis even when derivative transactions are subject to master netting arrangements and may otherwise qualify for net presentation. However, the following tables provide information as if the Company had elected to offset the asset and liability balances of derivative instruments, netted in accordance with various criteria in the event of default or termination as stipulated by the terms of netting arrangements with each of the counterparties. For each counterparty, if netted, the Company would offset the asset and liability balances of all derivatives at the end of the reporting period based on the 3M entity that is a party to the transactions. Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements are not eligible for net presentation. As of the applicable dates presented below, no collateral had been received or pledged related to these derivative instruments.

Offsetting of Financial Assets under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties

			Gross Amounts not Offset in the
			Consolidated Balance Sheet that are Subject
	Gross Amount of		to Master Netting Agreements
	Derivative Assets		Gross Amount of
	Presented in the		Eligible Offsetting
March 31, 2017	Consolidated		Recognized		Cash Collateral		Net Amount of
(Millions)	Balance Sheet		Derivative Liabilities		Received		Derivative Assets
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	174	$	60	$	—	$	114
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		1						1
Total	$	175					$	115

December 31, 2016
(Millions)
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	259	$	39	$	—	$	220
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		—						—
Total	$	259					$	220

Offsetting of Financial Liabilities under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties

			Gross Amounts not Offset in the
			Consolidated Balance Sheet that are Subject
	Gross Amount of		to Master Netting Agreements
	Derivative Liabilities		Gross Amount of
	Presented in the		Eligible Offsetting
March 31, 2017	Consolidated		Recognized		Cash Collateral		Net Amount of
(Millions)	Balance Sheet		Derivative Assets		Pledged		Derivative Liabilities
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	77	$	60	$	—	$	17
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		6						6
Total	$	83					$	23

December 31, 2016
(Millions)
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	93	$	39	$	—	$	54
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		2						2
Total	$	95					$	56

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Currency Effects

3M estimates that year-on-year foreign currency transactions effects, including hedging impacts, decreased pre-tax income by approximately $37 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017. These estimates include transaction gains and losses, including derivative instruments designed to reduce foreign currency exchange rate risks and any impacts from swapping Venezuelan bolivars into U.S. dollars.

NOTE 9.  Fair Value Measurements

3M follows ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, with respect to assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and nonrecurring basis. Under the standard, fair value is defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. The standard also establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs (other than quoted prices) that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

For 3M, assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis primarily relate to available-for-sale marketable securities, available-for-sale investments (included as part of investments in the Consolidated Balance Sheet) and certain derivative instruments. Derivatives include cash flow hedges, interest rate swaps and net investment hedges. The information in the following paragraphs and tables primarily addresses matters relative to these financial assets and liabilities. Separately, there were no material fair value measurements with respect to nonfinancial assets or liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the Company’s financial statements on a recurring basis for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

3M uses various valuation techniques, which are primarily based upon the market and income approaches, with respect to financial assets and liabilities. Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the respective financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value.

Available-for-sale marketable securities — except certain U.S. municipal securities:

Marketable securities, except certain U.S. municipal securities, are valued utilizing multiple sources. A weighted average market price is used for these securities. Market prices are obtained for these securities from a variety of industry standard data providers, security master files from large financial institutions, and other third-party sources. These multiple prices are used as inputs into a distribution-curve-based algorithm to determine the daily fair value to be used. 3M classifies U.S. treasury securities as level 1, while all other marketable securities (excluding certain U.S. municipal securities) are classified as level 2. Marketable securities are discussed further in Note 6.

Available-for-sale marketable securities — certain U.S. municipal securities only:

In both 2016 and 2014, 3M obtained municipal bonds from the City of Nevada, Missouri, which represent 3M’s only U.S. municipal securities holding as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Due to the nature of this security, the valuation method utilized will include the financial health of the City of Nevada, any recent municipal bond issuances by

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Nevada, and macroeconomic considerations related to the direction of interest rates and the health of the overall municipal bond market, and as such has been classified as a level 3 security.

Available-for-sale investments:

Investments include equity securities that are traded in an active market. Closing stock prices are readily available from active markets and are used as being representative of fair value. 3M classifies these securities as level 1.

Derivative instruments:

The Company’s derivative assets and liabilities within the scope of ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, are required to be recorded at fair value. The Company’s derivatives that are recorded at fair value include foreign currency forward and option contracts, commodity price swaps, interest rate swaps, and net investment hedges where the hedging instrument is recorded at fair value. Net investment hedges that use foreign currency denominated debt to hedge 3M’s net investment are not impacted by the fair value measurement standard under ASC 820, as the debt used as the hedging instrument is marked to a value with respect to changes in spot foreign currency exchange rates and not with respect to other factors that may impact fair value.

3M has determined that foreign currency forwards, commodity price swaps, currency swaps, foreign currency options, interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps will be considered level 2 measurements. 3M uses inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset. These inputs include foreign currency exchange rates, volatilities, and interest rates. Derivative positions are primarily valued using standard calculations/models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters. Industry standard data providers are 3M’s primary source for forward and spot rate information for both interest rates and currency rates, with resulting valuations periodically validated through third-party or counterparty quotes and a net present value stream of cash flows model.

The following tables provide information by level for assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

			Fair Value Measurements
Description	Fair Value at		Using Inputs Considered as
(Millions)	March 31, 2017		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Available-for-sale:
Marketable securities:
Corporate debt securities	$	10	$	—	$	10	$	—
Commercial paper		1		—		1		—
Certificates of deposit/time deposits		89		—		89		—
Asset-backed securities:
Automobile loan related		29		—		29		—
Credit card related		9		—		9		—
U.S. municipal securities		20		—		—		20
Derivative instruments — assets:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		151		—		151		—
Interest rate swap contracts		24		—		24		—
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments — liabilities:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		78		—		78		—
Interest rate swap contracts		5		—		5		—

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			Fair Value Measurements
Description	Fair Value at		Using Inputs Considered as
(Millions)	December 31, 2016		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Available-for-sale:
Marketable securities:
Corporate debt securities	$	10	$	—	$	10	$	—
Commercial paper		14		—		14		—
Certificates of deposit/time deposits		197		—		197		—
Asset-backed securities:
Automobile loan related		31		—		31		—
Credit card related		18		—		18		—
Other		7		—		7		—
U.S. municipal securities		20		—		—		20
Derivative instruments — assets:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		234		—		234		—
Interest rate swap contracts		25		—		25		—
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments — liabilities:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		94		—		94		—
Interest rate swap contracts		1		—		1		—

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of items measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the table above that used significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

	Three months ended
Marketable securities — certain U.S. municipal securities only	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Beginning balance	$	20	$	12
Total gains or losses:
Included in earnings		—		—
Included in other comprehensive income		—		—
Purchases and issuances		—		6
Sales and settlements		—		—
Transfers in and/or out of level 3		—		—
Ending balance	$	20	$	18
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for securities held at the end of the reporting period		—		—

In addition, the plan assets of 3M’s pension and postretirement benefit plans are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually). Refer to Note 11 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis:

Disclosures are required for certain assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, but are recognized and disclosed at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in periods subsequent to initial recognition. For 3M, such measurements of fair value relate primarily to long-lived asset impairments. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company recognized approximately $40 million in long-lived asset impairments related to its Electronics and Energy business segment, with the complete carrying amount of such assets written off and included in operating income results.  There were no material long-lived asset impairments for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments:

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, certain investments, accounts payable, borrowings, and derivative contracts. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt approximated carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. Available-for-sale marketable securities and investments, in addition to certain derivative instruments, are recorded at fair values as indicated in the preceding disclosures. For its long-term debt, the Company utilized third-party quotes to estimate fair values (classified as level 2). Information with respect to the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of these financial instruments follow:

	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
(Millions)	Value		Value		Value		Value
Long-term debt, excluding current portion	$	10,802	$	11,337	$	10,678	$	11,168

The fair values reflected above consider the terms of the related debt absent the impacts of derivative/hedging activity. The carrying amount of long-term debt referenced above is impacted by certain fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps that are designated as fair value hedges and by the designation of fixed rate Eurobond securities issued by the Company as hedging instruments of the Company’s net investment in its European subsidiaries. Many of 3M’s fixed-rate bonds were trading at a premium at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 due to the low interest rates and tightening of 3M’s credit spreads.

NOTE 10.  Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings:

The Company and some of its subsidiaries are involved in numerous claims and lawsuits, principally in the United States, and regulatory proceedings worldwide. These include various products liability (involving products that the Company now or formerly manufactured and sold), intellectual property, and commercial claims and lawsuits, including those brought under the antitrust laws, and environmental proceedings. Unless otherwise stated, the Company is vigorously defending all such litigation. Additional information about the Company’s process for disclosure and recording of liabilities and insurance receivables related to legal proceedings can be found in Note 14 “Commitments and Contingencies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

The following sections first describe the significant legal proceedings in which the Company is involved, and then describe the liabilities and associated insurance receivables the Company has accrued relating to its significant legal proceedings.

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation

As of March 31, 2017, the Company is a named defendant, with multiple co-defendants, in numerous lawsuits in various courts that purport to represent approximately 2,650 individual claimants, compared to approximately 2,660 individual claimants with actions pending at December 31, 2016.

The vast majority of the lawsuits and claims resolved by and currently pending against the Company allege use of some of the Company’s mask and respirator products and seek damages from the Company and other defendants for alleged personal injury from workplace exposures to asbestos, silica, coal mine dust or other occupational dusts found in products manufactured by other defendants or generally in the workplace. A minority of the lawsuits and claims resolved by and currently pending against the Company generally allege personal injury from occupational exposure to asbestos from products previously manufactured by the Company, which are often unspecified, as well as products manufactured by other defendants, or occasionally at Company premises.

The Company’s current volume of new and pending matters is substantially lower than it experienced at the peak of filings in 2003. The Company expects that filing of claims by unimpaired claimants in the future will continue to be at

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much lower levels than in the past. Accordingly, the number of claims alleging more serious injuries, including mesothelioma and other malignancies, will represent a greater percentage of total claims than in the past. The Company has prevailed in all eleven cases taken to trial, including nine of the ten cases tried to verdict (such trials occurred in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2015, and 2016–described below), and an appellate reversal in 2005 of the 2001 jury verdict adverse to the Company. The remaining case, tried in 2009, was dismissed by the court at the close of plaintiff’s evidence, based on the court’s legal finding that the plaintiff had not presented sufficient evidence to support a jury verdict. In August 2016, 3M received a unanimous defense verdict from a jury in state court in Kentucky, in 3M’s first respirator trial involving coal mine dust. The estate of the plaintiff alleged that the 3M 8710 respirator is defective and caused his death because it did not protect him from harmful coal mine dust. The jury rejected plaintiff’s claim and returned a verdict finding no liability against 3M. The verdict is final as the plaintiff did not file an appeal.

The Company has demonstrated in these past trial proceedings that its respiratory protection products are effective as claimed when used in the intended manner and in the intended circumstances. Consequently the Company believes that claimants are unable to establish that their medical conditions, even if significant, are attributable to the Company’s respiratory protection products. Nonetheless the Company’s litigation experience indicates that claims of persons with malignant conditions are costlier to resolve than the claims of unimpaired persons, and it therefore believes the average cost of resolving pending and future claims on a per-claim basis will continue to be higher than it experienced in prior periods when the vast majority of claims were asserted by medically unimpaired claimants.

As previously reported, the State of West Virginia, through its Attorney General, filed a complaint in 2003 against the Company and two other manufacturers of respiratory protection products in the Circuit Court of Lincoln County, West Virginia, and amended its complaint in 2005. The amended complaint seeks substantial, but unspecified, compensatory damages primarily for reimbursement of the costs allegedly incurred by the State for worker’s compensation and healthcare benefits provided to all workers with occupational pneumoconiosis and unspecified punitive damages. The case was inactive from the fourth quarter of 2007 until late 2013, other than a case management conference in March 2011. In November 2013, the State filed a motion to bifurcate the lawsuit into separate liability and damages proceedings. At the hearing on the motion, the court declined to bifurcate the lawsuit. No liability has been recorded for this matter because the Company believes that liability is not probable and estimable at this time. In addition, the Company is not able to estimate a possible loss or range of loss given the lack of any meaningful discovery responses by the State of West Virginia, the otherwise minimal activity in this case and the fact that the complaint asserts claims against two other manufacturers where a defendant’s share of liability may turn on the law of joint and several liability and by the amount of fault, if any, a jury might allocate to each defendant if the case is ultimately tried.

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Liabilities and Insurance Receivables:

The Company annually conducts a comprehensive legal review of its respirator mask/asbestos liabilities in connection with finalizing and reporting its annual results of operations, unless significant changes in trends or new developments warrant an earlier review. The Company reviews recent and historical claims data, including without limitation, (i) the number of pending claims filed against the Company, (ii) the nature and mix of those claims (i.e., the proportion of claims asserting usage of the Company’s mask or respirator products and alleging exposure to each of asbestos, silica, coal or other occupational dusts, and claims pleading use of asbestos-containing products allegedly manufactured by the Company), (iii) the costs to defend and resolve pending claims, and (iv) trends in filing rates and in costs to defend and resolve claims, (collectively, the “Claims Data”). As part of its comprehensive legal review, the Company provides the Claims Data to a third party with expertise in determining the impact of Claims Data on future filing trends and costs. The third party assists the Company in estimating the costs to defend and resolve pending and future claims. The Company uses these estimates to develop its best estimate of probable liability.

Developments may occur that could affect the Company’s estimate of its liabilities. These developments include, but are not limited to, significant changes in (i) the key assumptions underlying the Company’s accrual, including, the number of future claims, the nature and mix of those claims, the average cost of defending and resolving claims, and in maintaining trial readiness (ii) trial and appellate outcomes, (iii) the law and procedure applicable to these claims, and (iv) the financial viability of other co-defendants and insurers.

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In the first quarter of 2017, the Company made payments for legal fees and settlements of $12 million related to the respirator mask/asbestos litigation. As of March 31, 2017,  the Company had an accrual for respirator mask/asbestos liabilities (excluding Aearo accruals) of $583 million. This accrual represents the Company’s best estimate of probable loss and reflects an estimation period for future claims that may be filed against the Company approaching the year 2050. The Company cannot estimate the amount or upper end of the range of amounts by which the liability may exceed the accrual the Company has established because of the (i) inherent difficulty in projecting the number of claims that have not yet been asserted or the time period in which future claims may be asserted, (ii) the complaints nearly always assert claims against multiple defendants where the damages alleged are typically not attributed to individual defendants so that a defendant’s share of liability may turn on the law of joint and several liability, which can vary by state, (iii) the multiple factors described above that the Company considers in estimating its liabilities, and (iv) the several possible developments described above that may occur that could affect the Company’s estimate of liabilities.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company’s receivable for insurance recoveries related to the respirator mask/asbestos litigation was $4 million.  The Company is seeking coverage under the policies of certain insolvent and other insurers. Once those claims for coverage are resolved, the Company will have collected substantially all of its remaining insurance coverage for respirator mask/asbestos claims.

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation — Aearo Technologies

On April 1, 2008, a subsidiary of the Company purchased the stock of Aearo Holding Corp., the parent of Aearo Technologies (“Aearo”). Aearo manufactured and sold various products, including personal protection equipment, such as eye, ear, head, face, fall and certain respiratory protection products.

As of March 31, 2017, Aearo and/or other companies that previously owned and operated Aearo’s respirator business (American Optical Corporation, Warner-Lambert LLC, AO Corp. and Cabot Corporation (“Cabot”)) are named defendants, with multiple co-defendants, including the Company, in numerous lawsuits in various courts in which plaintiffs allege use of mask and respirator products and seek damages from Aearo and other defendants for alleged personal injury from workplace exposures to asbestos, silica-related, or other occupational dusts found in products manufactured by other defendants or generally in the workplace.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company, through its Aearo subsidiary, had accruals of $19 million for product liabilities and defense costs related to current and future Aearo-related asbestos and silica-related claims. Responsibility for legal costs, as well as for settlements and judgments, is currently shared in an informal arrangement among Aearo, Cabot, American Optical Corporation and a subsidiary of Warner Lambert and their respective insurers (the “Payor Group”). Liability is allocated among the parties based on the number of years each company sold respiratory products under the “AO Safety” brand and/or owned the AO Safety Division of American Optical Corporation and the alleged years of exposure of the individual plaintiff. Aearo’s share of the contingent liability is further limited by an agreement entered into between Aearo and Cabot on July 11, 1995. This agreement provides that, so long as Aearo pays to Cabot a quarterly fee of $100,000, Cabot will retain responsibility and liability for, and indemnify Aearo against, any product liability claims involving exposure to asbestos, silica, or  silica products for respirators sold prior to July 11, 1995. Because of the difficulty in determining how long a particular respirator remains in the stream of commerce after being sold, Aearo and Cabot have applied the agreement to claims arising out of the alleged use of respirators involving exposure to asbestos, silica or silica products prior to January 1, 1997. With these arrangements in place, Aearo’s potential liability is limited to exposures alleged to have arisen from the use of respirators involving exposure to asbestos, silica, or silica products on or after January 1, 1997. To date, Aearo has elected to pay the quarterly fee. Aearo could potentially be exposed to additional claims for some part of the pre-July 11, 1995 period covered by its agreement with Cabot if Aearo elects to discontinue its participation in this arrangement, or if Cabot is no longer able to meet its obligations in these matters.

In March 2012, Cabot CSC Corporation and Cabot Corporation filed a lawsuit against Aearo in the Superior Court of Suffolk County, Massachusetts seeking declaratory relief as to the scope of Cabot’s indemnity obligations under the July 11, 1995 agreement, including whether Cabot has retained liability for coal workers’ pneumoconiosis claims, and seeking damages for breach of contract. In 2014, the court granted Aearo’s motion for summary judgment on two claims, but declined to rule on two issues: the specific liability for certain known coal mine dust lawsuits; and Cabot’s claim for allocation of liability between injuries allegedly caused by exposure to coal mine dust and injuries allegedly

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caused by exposure to silica dust. Following additional discovery, the parties filed new motions for summary judgment. In February 2016, the court ruled in favor of Aearo on these two remaining issues, and ordered that Cabot, and not Aearo, is solely responsible for all liability for the coal mine dust lawsuits under the 1995 agreement. Cabot has appealed with a decision expected in 2017.

Developments may occur that could affect the estimate of Aearo’s liabilities. These developments include, but are not limited to: (i) significant changes in the number of future claims, (ii) significant changes in the average cost of resolving claims, (iii) significant changes in the legal costs of defending these claims, (iv) significant changes in the mix and nature of claims received, (v) trial and appellate outcomes, (vi) significant changes in the law and procedure applicable to these claims, (vii) significant changes in the liability allocation among the co-defendants, (viii) the financial viability of members of the Payor Group including exhaustion of available insurance coverage limits, and/or (ix) a determination that the interpretation of the contractual obligations on which Aearo has estimated its share of liability is inaccurate. The Company cannot determine the impact of these potential developments on its current estimate of Aearo’s share of liability for these existing and future claims. If any of the developments described above were to occur, the actual amount of these liabilities for existing and future claims could be significantly larger than the amount accrued.

Because of the inherent difficulty in projecting the number of claims that have not yet been asserted, the complexity of allocating responsibility for future claims among the Payor Group, and the several possible developments that may occur that could affect the estimate of Aearo’s liabilities, the Company cannot estimate the amount or range of amounts by which Aearo’s liability may exceed the accrual the Company has established.

Environmental Matters and Litigation

The Company’s operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations including those pertaining to air emissions, wastewater discharges, toxic substances, and the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes enforceable by national, state, and local authorities around the world, and private parties in the United States and abroad. These laws and regulations provide, under certain circumstances, a basis for the remediation of contamination, for restoration of or compensation for damages to natural resources, and for personal injury and property damage claims. The Company has incurred, and will continue to incur, costs and capital expenditures in complying with these laws and regulations, defending personal injury and property damage claims, and modifying its business operations in light of its environmental responsibilities. In its effort to satisfy its environmental responsibilities and comply with environmental laws and regulations, the Company has established, and periodically updates, policies relating to environmental standards of performance for its operations worldwide.

Under certain environmental laws, including the United States Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 and similar state laws, the Company may be jointly and severally liable, typically with other companies, for the costs of remediation of environmental contamination at current or former facilities and at off-site locations. The Company has identified numerous locations, most of which are in the United States, at which it may have some liability. Please refer to the section entitled “Environmental Liabilities and Insurance Receivables” that follows for information on the amount of the accrual.

Environmental Matters

As previously reported, the Company has been voluntarily cooperating with ongoing reviews by local, state, federal (primarily the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)), and international agencies of possible environmental and health effects of various perfluorinated compounds, including perfluorooctanyl compounds such as perfluorooctanoate (“PFOA”), perfluorooctane sulfonate (“PFOS”), or similar compounds (“PFCs”). As a result of its phase-out decision in May 2000, the Company no longer manufactures perfluorooctanyl compounds. The company ceased manufacturing and using the vast majority of these compounds within approximately two years of the phase-out announcement, and ceased all manufacturing and the last significant use of this chemistry by the end of 2008. Through its ongoing life cycle management and its raw material composition identification processes associated with the Company’s policies covering the use of all persistent and bio-accumulative materials, the Company continues to control or eliminate the presence of certain PFCs in purchased materials or as byproducts in some of 3M’s fluorochemical manufacturing processes, products, and waste streams.

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Regulatory activities concerning PFOA and/or PFOS continue in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, and before certain international bodies. These activities include gathering of exposure and use information, risk assessment, and consideration of regulatory approaches. In October 2016, the European Commission notified the World Trade Organization of a draft regulation to restrict PFOA and its related substances under the EU’s REACH Regulation (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals). If adopted, the regulation would restrict PFOA and its related substances to concentrations no greater than 25 parts per billion in constituents of other substances, in mixtures, and in articles. As the database of studies of both chemicals has expanded, the EPA has developed human health effects documents summarizing the available data from these studies. In February 2014, the EPA initiated external peer review of its draft human health effects documents for PFOA and PFOS. The peer review panel met in August 2014. In May 2016, the EPA announced lifetime health advisory levels for PFOA and PFOS at 70 parts per trillion (superseding the provisional levels established by the EPA in 2009 of 400 parts per trillion for PFOA and 200 parts per trillion for PFOS). Where PFOA and PFOS are found together, EPA recommends that the concentrations be added together, and the lifetime health advisory for PFOA and PFOS combined is also 70 parts per trillion. Lifetime health advisories, while not enforceable, serve as guidance and are benchmarks for determining if concentrations of chemicals in tap water from public utilities are safe for public consumption. In an effort to collect exposure information under the Safe Drinking Water Act, the EPA published on May 2, 2012 a list of unregulated substances, including six PFCs, required to be monitored during the period 2013-2015 by public water system suppliers to determine the extent of their occurrence. Through July 2016, the EPA reported results for 4,909 public water supplies nationwide. Based on the 2016 lifetime health advisory, 13 public water supplies exceed the level for PFOA and 46 exceed the level for PFOS. A technical advisory issued by EPA in September 2016 on laboratory analysis of drinking water samples stated that 65 public water supplies had exceeded the combined level for PFOA and PFOS. These results are based on one or more samples collected during the period 2012-2015 and do not necessarily reflect current conditions of these public water supplies. EPA reporting does not identify the sources of the PFOA and PFOS in the public water supplies.

The Company is continuing to make progress in its work, under the supervision of state regulators, to address its historic disposal of PFC-containing waste associated with manufacturing operations at the Decatur, Alabama, Cottage Grove, Minnesota, and Cordova, Illinois plants.

As previously reported, the Company entered into a voluntary remedial action agreement with the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) to address the presence of PFCs in the soil at the Company’s manufacturing facility in Decatur, Alabama. Pursuant to a permit issued by ADEM, for approximately twenty years, the Company incorporated its wastewater treatment plant sludge containing PFCs in fields at its Decatur facility. After a review of the available options to address the presence of PFCs in the soil, ADEM agreed that the preferred remediation option is to use a multilayer cap over the former sludge incorporation areas on the manufacturing site with subsequent groundwater migration controls and treatment. Implementation of that plan continues and is expected to be completed in 2018.

The Company continues to work with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) pursuant to the terms of the previously disclosed May 2007 Settlement Agreement and Consent Order to address the presence of certain PFCs in the soil and groundwater at former disposal sites in Washington County, Minnesota (Oakdale and Woodbury) and at the Company’s manufacturing facility at Cottage Grove, Minnesota. Under this agreement, the Company’s principal obligations include (i) evaluating releases of certain PFCs from these sites and proposing response actions; (ii) providing treatment or alternative drinking water upon identifying any level exceeding a Health Based Value (“HBV”) or Health Risk Limit (“HRL”) (i.e., the amount of a chemical in drinking water determined by the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) to be safe for human consumption over a lifetime) for certain PFCs for which a HBV and/or HRL exists as a result of contamination from these sites; (iii) remediating identified sources of other PFCs at these sites that are not controlled by actions to remediate PFOA and PFOS; and (iv) sharing information with the MPCA about certain perfluorinated compounds. During 2008, the MPCA issued formal decisions adopting remedial options for the former disposal sites in Washington County, Minnesota (Oakdale and Woodbury). In August 2009, the MPCA issued a formal decision adopting remedial options for the Company’s Cottage Grove manufacturing facility. During the spring and summer of 2010, 3M began implementing the agreed upon remedial options at the Cottage Grove and Woodbury sites. 3M commenced the remedial option at the Oakdale site in late 2010. At each location the remedial options were recommended by the Company and approved by the MPCA. Remediation work has been completed at the Oakdale and

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Woodbury sites, and they are in an operational maintenance mode. Remediation will continue at the Cottage Grove site during 2017.

In August 2014, the Illinois EPA approved a request by the Company to establish a groundwater management zone at its manufacturing facility in Cordova, Illinois, which includes ongoing pumping of impacted site groundwater, groundwater monitoring and routine reporting of results.

The Company cannot predict what additional regulatory actions arising from the foregoing proceedings and activities, if any, may be taken regarding such compounds or the consequences of any such actions.

Environmental Litigation

As previously reported, a former employee filed a purported class action lawsuit in 2002 in the Circuit Court of Morgan County, Alabama (the St. John case), seeking unstated damages and alleging that the plaintiffs suffered fear, increased risk, subclinical injuries, and property damage from exposure to certain perfluorochemicals at or near the Company’s Decatur, Alabama, manufacturing facility. The court in 2005 granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the named plaintiff’s personal injury-related claims on the basis that such claims are barred by the exclusivity provisions of the state’s Workers Compensation Act. The plaintiffs’ counsel filed an amended complaint in November 2006, limiting the case to property damage claims on behalf of a purported class of residents and property owners in the vicinity of the Decatur plant. In June 2015, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint adding additional defendants, including BFI Waste Management Systems of Alabama, LLC; BFI Waste Management of North America, LLC; the City of Decatur, Alabama; Morgan County, Alabama; Municipal Utilities Board of Decatur; and Morgan County, Alabama, d/b/a Decatur Utilities.

In 2005, the judge in a second purported class action lawsuit filed by three residents of Morgan County, Alabama, seeking unstated compensatory and punitive damages involving alleged damage to their property from emissions of certain perfluorochemical compounds from the Company’s Decatur, Alabama, manufacturing facility that formerly manufactured those compounds (the Chandler case) granted the Company’s motion to abate the case, effectively putting the case on hold pending the resolution of class certification issues in the St. John case. Despite the stay, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint seeking damages for alleged personal injuries and property damage on behalf of the named plaintiffs and the members of a purported class. No further action in the case is expected unless and until the stay is lifted.

In February 2009, a resident of Franklin County, Alabama, filed a purported class action lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Franklin County (the Stover case) seeking compensatory damages and injunctive relief based on the application by the Decatur utility’s wastewater treatment plant of wastewater treatment sludge to farmland and grasslands in the state that allegedly contain PFOA, PFOS and other perfluorochemicals. The named plaintiff seeks to represent a class of all persons within the State of Alabama who have had PFOA, PFOS, and other perfluorochemicals released or deposited on their property. In March 2010, the Alabama Supreme Court ordered the case transferred from Franklin County to Morgan County. In May 2010, consistent with its handling of the other matters, the Morgan County Circuit Court abated this case, putting it on hold pending the resolution of the class certification issues in the St. John case.

In October 2015, West Morgan-East Lawrence Water & Sewer Authority (Water Authority) filed an individual complaint against 3M Company, Dyneon, L.L.C, and Daikin America, Inc., in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Alabama. The complaint also includes representative plaintiffs who brought the complaint on behalf of themselves, and a class of all owners and possessors of property who use water provided by the Water Authority and five local water works to which the Water Authority supplies water (collectively, the “Water Utilities”). The complaint seeks compensatory and punitive damages and injunctive relief based on allegations that the defendants’ chemicals, including PFOA and PFOS from their manufacturing processes in Decatur, have contaminated the water in the Tennessee River at the water intake, and that the chemicals cannot be removed by the water treatment processes utilized by the Water Authority. In September 2016, the court granted 3M’s motion to dismiss plaintiffs’ trespass claims with prejudice, negligence claims for personal injuries, and private nuisance claims, and denied the motion to dismiss the plaintiffs’ negligence claims for property damage, public nuisance, abatement of nuisance, battery and wantonness.

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In June 2016, the Tennessee Riverkeeper, Inc. (Riverkeeper), a non-profit corporation, filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Alabama against 3M; BFI Waste Systems of Alabama; the City of Decatur, Alabama; and the Municipal Utilities Board of Decatur, Morgan County, Alabama. The complaint alleges that the defendants violated the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act in connection with the disposal of certain PFCs through their ownership and operation of their respective sites. The complaint further alleges such practices may present an imminent and substantial endangerment to health and/or the environment and that Riverkeeper has suffered and will continue to suffer irreparable harm caused by defendants’ failure to abate the endangerment unless the court grants the requested relief, including declaratory and injunctive relief. The Company believes that the complaint lacks merit.

In July 2016, the City of Lake Elmo filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota against 3M alleging that the City suffered damages from drinking water supplies contaminated with PFCs, including costs to construct alternative sources of drinking water.

In September 2016, the Water Works and Sewer Board of the City of Gadsden, Alabama filed a lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Etowah County Alabama against 3M and various carpet manufacturers. The complaint alleges that PFCs from the defendants’ facilities contaminated the Coosa River as its raw water source for drinking water and seeks unstated damages for the installation and operation of a filtration system, expenses to monitor PFC levels, and lost profits and sales.

In November 2016, the Town of Barnstable, Massachusetts filed an individual action in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts seeking unstated compensatory and punitive damages and other relief against 3M and other suppliers of AFFF for alleged contamination of the aquifer supplying drinking water to the Hyannis water system. The town seeks to recover costs associated with the investigation, treatment, remediation, and monitoring of drinking water supplies allegedly contaminated with certain PFCs used in AFFF. In January 2017, the County of Barnstable, Massachusetts, filed an individual action in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts seeking unstated compensatory and punitive damages and other relief (including indemnification and contribution in connection with claims asserted against the County by the Town of Barnstable) against 3M and other suppliers of AFFF for alleged contamination of the aquifer supplying drinking water to the Hyannis water system.

In January 2017, several hundred plaintiffs sued 3M, its subsidiary Dyneon, and Daikin American (Defendants) in Lawrence and Morgan Counties, Alabama. The plaintiffs are owners of property, residents, and holders of property interests who receive their water from the West Morgan-East Lawrence Water and Sewer Authority (Authority). They assert common law claims for negligence, nuisance, trespass, wantonness, and battery, and they seek injunctive relief and punitive damages. The plaintiffs contend that the defendants own and operate manufacturing and disposal facilities in Decatur that have released and continue to release PFOA, PFOS and related chemicals into the groundwater and surface water of their sites, resulting in discharge into the Tennessee River. The plaintiffs also contend that the defendants have discharged into Bakers Creek and the Decatur Utilities Dry Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant, which, in turn, discharges wastewater containing these chemicals into the Tennessee River. The plaintiffs contend that, as a result the alleged discharges, the water supplied by the Authority to the plaintiffs was, and is, contaminated with PFOA, PFOS, and related chemicals at a level dangerous to humans.

As of March 31, 2017, nine purported class actions were filed against 3M and other defendants in federal or state courts - three in federal court in Colorado, five in federal court in Pennsylvania, and one in state court in New York. An individual complaint was also filed in the federal court in Pennsylvania. The complaints seek unstated damages and other remedies, such as medical monitoring, and allege that the plaintiffs suffered personal injury and property damage from drinking water supplies contaminated with certain PFCs used in Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) at current or former airports and air force military bases located in Colorado, Pennsylvania, and New York.

In December 2010, the State of Minnesota, by its Attorney General Lori Swanson, acting in its capacity as trustee of the natural resources of the State of Minnesota, filed a lawsuit in Hennepin County District Court against 3M to recover damages (including unspecified assessment costs and reasonable attorney’s fees) for alleged injury to, destruction of, and loss of use of certain of the State’s natural resources under the Minnesota Environmental Response and Liability Act (MERLA) and the Minnesota Water Pollution Control Act (MWPCA), as well as statutory nuisance and common law claims of trespass, nuisance, and negligence with respect to the presence of PFCs in the groundwater, surface water, fish

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or other aquatic life, and sediments (the “NRD Lawsuit”). The State also seeks declarations under MERLA that 3M is responsible for all damages the State may suffer in the future for injuries to natural resources from releases of PFCs into the environment, and under MWPCA that 3M is responsible for compensation for future loss or destruction of fish, aquatic life, and other damages.

In November 2011, the Metropolitan Council filed a motion to intervene and a complaint in the NRD Lawsuit seeking compensatory damages and other legal, declaratory and equitable relief, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, for costs and fees that the Metropolitan Council alleges it will be required to assess at some time in the future if the MPCA imposes restrictions on Metropolitan Council’s PFOS discharges to the Mississippi River, including the installation and maintenance of a water treatment system. The Metropolitan Council’s intervention motion was based on several theories, including common law negligence, and statutory claims under MERLA for response costs, and under the Minnesota Environmental Rights Act (MERA) for declaratory and equitable relief against 3M for PFOS and other PFC pollution of the waters and sediments of the Mississippi River. 3M did not object to the motion to intervene. In January 2012, 3M answered the Metropolitan Council’s complaint and filed a counterclaim alleging that the Metropolitan Council discharges PFCs to the Mississippi River and discharges PFC-containing sludge and bio solids from one or more of its wastewater treatment plants onto agricultural lands and local area landfills. Accordingly, 3M’s complaint against the Metropolitan Council asks that if the court finds that the State is entitled to any of the damages it seeks, 3M be awarded contribution and apportionment from the Metropolitan Council, including attorneys’ fees, under MERLA, and contribution from and liability for the Metropolitan Council’s proportional share of damages awarded to the State under the MWPCA, as well as under statutory nuisance and common law theories of trespass, nuisance, and negligence. 3M also seeks declaratory relief under MERA.

In April 2012, 3M filed a motion to disqualify the State of Minnesota’s counsel, Covington & Burling, LLP (Covington). In October 2012, the court granted 3M’s motion to disqualify Covington as counsel to the State and the State and Covington appealed the court’s disqualification to the Minnesota Court of Appeals. In July 2013, the Minnesota Court of Appeals affirmed the district court’s disqualification order. In October 2013, the Minnesota Supreme Court granted both the State’s and Covington’s petition for review of the decision of the Minnesota Court of Appeals. In April 2014, the Minnesota Supreme Court affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded the case to the district court for further proceedings. The district court took evidence on the disqualification issues at a hearing in October 2015. In February 2016, the district court ruled that Covington violated the professional ethics rule against representing a client (here the State of Minnesota) in the same or substantially related matter where that person’s interests are materially adverse to the interests of a former client (3M). The district court, however, denied 3M’s motion to disqualify Covington because it further found that 3M impliedly waived by delaying to assert the conflict. Other activity in the case, which had been stayed pending the outcome of the disqualification issue, has resumed. Trial is scheduled to begin in January 2018. In a separate but related action, the Company filed suit in the Ramsey County District Court against Covington for breach of its fiduciary duties to the Company and for breach of contract arising out of Covington’s representation of the State of Minnesota in the NRD Lawsuit. In September 2016, the court granted 3M’s motion for leave to amend the complaint to plead punitive damages. In February 2017, Covington settled this lawsuit with a payment by Covington or its insurer to 3M that is not material to 3M’s results of operations or financial condition.

For environmental litigation matters described in this section for which a liability, if any, has been recorded, the Company believes the amount recorded, as well as the possible loss or range of loss in excess of the established accrual is not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. For those matters for which a liability has not been recorded, the Company believes any such liability is not probable and estimable and the Company is not able to estimate a possible loss or range of loss at this time.

Environmental Liabilities and Insurance Receivables

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had recorded liabilities of $36 million for estimated “environmental remediation” costs based upon an evaluation of currently available facts with respect to each individual site and also recorded related insurance receivables of $8 million. The Company records liabilities for remediation costs on an undiscounted basis when they are probable and reasonably estimable, generally no later than the completion of feasibility studies or the Company’s commitment to a plan of action. Liabilities for estimated costs of environmental remediation, depending on the site, are based primarily upon internal or third-party environmental studies, and estimates as to the number,

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participation level and financial viability of any other potentially responsible parties, the extent of the contamination and the nature of required remedial actions. The Company adjusts recorded liabilities as further information develops or circumstances change. The Company expects that it will pay the amounts recorded over the periods of remediation for the applicable sites, currently ranging up to 20 years.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had recorded liabilities of $29 million for “other environmental liabilities” based upon an evaluation of currently available facts to implement the Settlement Agreement and Consent Order with the MPCA, the remedial action agreement with ADEM, and to address trace amounts of perfluorinated compounds in drinking water sources in the City of Oakdale, Minnesota, as well as presence in the soil and groundwater at the Company’s manufacturing facilities in Decatur, Alabama, and Cottage Grove, Minnesota, and at two former disposal sites in Washington County, Minnesota (Oakdale and Woodbury). The Company expects that most of the spending will occur over the next four years. During the first quarter of 2017, the Company collected from its insurer the outstanding receivable of $15 million related to “other environmental liabilities.”

It is difficult to estimate the cost of environmental compliance and remediation given the uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of applicable environmental laws and regulations, the extent of environmental contamination and the existence of alternative cleanup methods. Developments may occur that could affect the Company’s current assessment, including, but not limited to: (i) changes in the information available regarding the environmental impact of the Company’s operations and products; (ii) changes in environmental regulations, changes in permissible levels of specific compounds in drinking water sources, or changes in enforcement theories and policies, including efforts to recover natural resource damages; (iii) new and evolving analytical and remediation techniques; (iv) success in allocating liability to other potentially responsible parties; and (v) the financial viability of other potentially responsible parties and third-party indemnitors. For sites included in both “environmental remediation liabilities” and “other environmental liabilities,” at which remediation activity is largely complete and remaining activity relates primarily to operation and maintenance of the remedy, including required post-remediation monitoring, the Company believes the exposure to loss in excess of the amount accrued would not be material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. However, for locations at which remediation activity is largely ongoing, the Company cannot estimate a possible loss or range of loss in excess of the associated established accruals for the reasons described above.

Other Matters

Department of Labor Investigation

The U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) notified 3M in April 2015 that it had commenced an investigation of 3M’s pension plan pursuant to the federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA). The DOL has stated its investigation relates to certain private equity investments, plan expenses, securities lending, and distributions of plan benefits. In response to certain DOL requests, 3M produced documents and made employees available for interviews. In December 2016, the DOL issued certain subpoenas to 3M and 3M Investment Management Corp. relating to this investigation. 3M has produced additional responsive documents and is cooperating with the DOL in its investigation. The DOL has not provided a timeline for the completion of its investigation.

Product Liability Litigation

One customer obtained an order in the French courts against 3M Purification SAS (a French subsidiary) in October 2011 appointing an expert to determine the amount of commercial loss and property damage allegedly caused by allegedly defective 3M filters used in the customer’s manufacturing process. An Austrian subsidiary of this same customer also filed a claim against 3M Austria GmbH (an Austrian subsidiary) and 3M Purification SAS in the Austrian courts in September 2012 seeking damages for the same issue. The Company reached an agreement in principle to settle those two cases and expects to finalize the settlement during the second quarter of 2017. The amounts agreed to in each of these settlements were not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company is a named defendant in lawsuits involving approximately 1,790 plaintiffs (compared to approximately 1,260 plaintiffs at December 31, 2016), most of which are pending in federal or state court

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in Minnesota, in which the plaintiffs claim they underwent various joint arthroplasty, cardiovascular, and other surgeries and later developed surgical site infections due to the use of the Bair Hugger™ patient warming system. The complaints seek damages and other relief based on theories of strict liability, negligence, breach of express and implied warranties, failure to warn, design and manufacturing defect, fraudulent and/or negligent misrepresentation/concealment, unjust enrichment, and violations of various state consumer fraud, deceptive or unlawful trade practices and/or false advertising acts. One case, from the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Tennessee is a putative nationwide class action. The U.S. Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation (MDL) granted the plaintiffs’ motion to transfer and consolidate all cases pending in federal courts to the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota to be managed in a multi-district proceeding during the pre-trial phase of the litigation. In June 2016, the Company was served with a putative class action filed in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice for all Canadian residents who underwent various joint arthroplasty, cardiovascular, and other surgeries and later developed surgical site infections due to the use of the Bair Hugger™ patient warming system. The representative plaintiff seeks relief (including punitive damages) under Canadian law based on theories similar to those asserted in the MDL. The Bair Hugger™ product line was acquired by 3M as part of the 2010 acquisition of Arizant, Inc., a leading manufacturer of patient warming solutions designed to prevent hypothermia and maintain normal body temperature in surgical settings. No liability has been recorded for this matter because the Company believes that any such liability is not probable and estimable at this time.

In September 2011, 3M Oral Care launched Lava Ultimate CAD/CAM dental restorative material. The product was originally indicated for inlay, onlay, veneer, and crown applications. In June 2015, 3M Oral Care voluntarily removed crown applications from the product’s instructions for use, following reports from dentists of patients’ crowns debonding, requiring additional treatment. The product remains on the market for other applications. 3M communicated with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, as well as regulators outside the United States. 3M also informed customers and distributors of its action, offered to accept return of unused materials and provide refunds. As of March 31, 2017, there are three lawsuits pending that were brought by dentists and dental practices against 3M. The complaints allege 3M marketed and sold defective Lava Ultimate material used for dental crowns to dentists and, under various theories, seek monetary damages (replacement costs and business reputation loss), punitive damages, disgorgement of profits, injunction from marketing and selling Lava Ultimate for use in dental crowns, statutory penalties, and attorneys’ fees and costs. One lawsuit, pending in the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota, names 39 plaintiffs and seeks certification of a class action of dentists in the United States and its territories, and alternatively seeks subclasses in 13 states. The other two lawsuits are individual complaints against 3M – one in Madison County, Illinois and the other in the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota.

For product liability litigation matters described in this section for which a liability has been recorded, the Company believes the amount recorded is not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. In addition, the Company is not able to estimate a possible loss or range of loss in excess of the established accruals at this time.

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NOTE 11.   Stock-Based Compensation

The 3M 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as discussed in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K, provides for the issuance or delivery of up to 123,965,000 shares of 3M common stock pursuant to awards granted under the plan. Awards may be issued in the form of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, progressive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock awards, and performance units and performance shares. The remaining total shares available for grant under LTIP Program are 29,802,945 as of March 31, 2017.

The Company’s annual stock option and restricted stock unit grant is made in February to provide a strong and immediate link between the performance of individuals during the preceding year and the size of their annual stock compensation grants. The grant to eligible employees uses the closing stock price on the grant date. Accounting rules require recognition of expense under a non-substantive vesting period approach, requiring compensation expense recognition when an employee is eligible to retire. Employees are considered eligible to retire at age 55 and after having completed ten years of service. This retiree-eligible population represents 35 percent of the 2017 annual grant stock-based compensation award expense dollars; therefore, higher stock-based compensation expense is recognized in the first quarter.

In addition to the annual grants, the Company makes other minor grants of stock options, restricted stock units and other stock-based grants. The Company issues cash settled restricted stock units and stock appreciation rights in certain countries. These grants do not result in the issuance of common stock and are considered immaterial by the Company.

Amounts recognized in the financial statements with respect to stock-based compensation programs, which include stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares and the General Employees’ Stock Purchase Plan (GESPP), are provided in the following table. Capitalized stock-based compensation amounts were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Cost of sales	$	23	$	23
Selling, general and administrative expenses		98		96
Research, development and related expenses		26		25
Stock-based compensation expenses	$	147	$	144
Income tax benefits	$	(148)	$	(127)
Stock-based compensation expenses (benefits), net of tax	$	(1)	$	17

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Stock Option Program

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

				Weighted
				Average
		Weighted		Remaining	Aggregate
	Number of	Average		Contractual	Intrinsic Value
	Options	Exercise Price		Life (months)	(millions)
Under option —
January 1	36,196,232	$	112.07
Granted:
Annual	5,409,628		175.93
Exercised	(3,037,302)		89.29
Canceled	(42,849)		156.38
March 31	38,525,709	$	122.78	76	$	2,641
Options exercisable
March 31	27,691,364	$	106.36	63	$	2,353

Stock options vest over a period from one year to three years with the expiration date at 10 years from date of grant. As of March 31, 2017, there was $125 million of compensation expense that has yet to be recognized related to non-vested stock option based awards. This expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 25 months. The total intrinsic values of stock options exercised were $286 million and $253 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Cash received from options exercised was $271 million and $315 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the exercise of employee stock options were $106 million and $93 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

For the primary 2017 annual stock option grant, the weighted average fair value at the date of grant was calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the assumptions that follow.

Stock Option Assumptions

	Annual
	2017
Exercise price	$	175.76
Risk-free interest rate		2.1	%
Dividend yield		2.5	%
Expected volatility		17.3	%
Expected life (months)		78
Black-Scholes fair value	$	23.51

Expected volatility is a statistical measure of the amount by which a stock price is expected to fluctuate during a period. For the 2017 annual grant date, the Company estimated the expected volatility based upon the average of the most recent one year volatility, the median of the term of the expected life rolling volatility, the median of the most recent term of the expected life volatility of 3M stock, and the implied volatility on the grant date. The expected term assumption is based on the weighted average of historical grants.

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Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes restricted stock and restricted stock unit activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

		Weighted
		Average
	Number of	Grant Date
	Awards	Fair Value
Nonvested balance —
As of January 1	2,185,046	$	145.64
Granted
Annual	604,256		176.10
Other	571		175.17
Vested	(724,705)		127.57
Forfeited	(12,014)		153.49
As of March 31	2,053,154	$	160.94

As of March 31, 2017, there was $133 million of compensation expense that has yet to be recognized related to non-vested restricted stock units and restricted stock. This expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 26 months. The total fair value of restricted stock units and restricted stock that vested during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $127 million and $133 million, respectively. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the vesting of restricted stock units and restricted stock was $47 million and $50 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Restricted stock units granted generally vest three years following the grant date assuming continued employment. Dividend equivalents equal to the dividends payable on the same number of shares of 3M common stock accrue on these restricted stock units during the vesting period, although no dividend equivalents are paid on any of these restricted stock units that are forfeited prior to the vesting date. Dividends are paid out in cash at the vest date on restricted stock units. Since the rights to dividends are forfeitable, there is no impact on basic earnings per share calculations. Weighted average restricted stock unit shares outstanding are included in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

Performance Shares

Instead of restricted stock units, the Company makes annual grants of performance shares to members of its executive management. The 2017 performance criteria for these performance shares (organic volume growth, return on invested capital, free cash flow conversion, and earning per share growth) were selected because the Company believes that they are important drivers of long-term stockholder value. The number of shares of 3M common stock that could actually be delivered at the end of the three-year performance period may be anywhere from 0% to 200% of each performance share granted, depending on the performance of the Company during such performance period. Non-substantive vesting requires that expense for the performance shares be recognized over one or three years depending on when each individual became a 3M executive. The 2017 performance share grant accrues dividends, therefore the grant date fair value is equal to the closing stock price on the date of grant. Since the rights to dividends are forfeitable, there is no impact on basic earnings per share calculations. Weighted average performance shares whose performance period is complete are included in computation of diluted earnings per share.

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The following table summarizes performance share activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

		Weighted
		Average
	Number of	Grant Date
	Awards	Fair Value
Undistributed balance —
As of January 1	656,278	$	142.98
Granted	181,898		189.75
Distributed	(312,173)		124.63
Performance change	110,965		174.05
Forfeited	(1,682)		159.53
As of March 31	635,286	$	170.77

As of March 31, 2017, there was $51 million of compensation expense that has yet to be recognized related to performance shares. This expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average earnings period of 12 months. The total fair values of performance shares that were distributed were $55 million and $54 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the distribution of performance shares were $15 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

NOTE 12.   Business Segments

3M’s businesses are organized, managed and internally grouped into segments based on differences in markets, products, technologies and services. 3M manages its operations in five business segments: Industrial; Safety and Graphics; Health Care; Electronics and Energy; and Consumer. 3M’s five business segments bring together common or related 3M technologies, enhancing the development of innovative products and services and providing for efficient sharing of business resources. Transactions among reportable segments are recorded at cost. 3M is an integrated enterprise characterized by substantial intersegment cooperation, cost allocations and inventory transfers. Therefore, management does not represent that these segments, if operated independently, would report the operating income information shown. The difference between operating income and pre-tax income relates to interest income and interest expense, which are not allocated to business segments.

Effective in the first quarter of 2017, as part of 3M’s continuing effort to improve the alignment of its businesses around markets and customers the Company made the following changes:

1. Integrated the former Renewable Energy Division into existing divisions;

2. Combined two divisions to form the Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division; and

3. Consolidated U.S. customer account activity - impacting dual credit reporting

Integration of former Renewable Energy Division

· The (a) solar and wind and (b) energy product lines (along with certain technology previously included in Corporate and Unallocated) of the former Renewable Energy Division (RED) were integrated into the existing Electrical Markets Division and Electronics Materials and Solutions Division, respectively, within the Electronics and Energy business segment. In addition, the former RED’s window film product lines were moved into the Commercial Solutions Division within the Safety and Graphics business segment. This change resulted in a decrease in previously reported net sales and operating income for total year 2016 of $203 million and $38 million, respectively, in the Electronics and Energy segment. These decreases were offset by a $207 million and $29 million increase in previously reported total year 2016 net sales and operating income, respectively, in the Safety and Graphics business segment and a $4 million decrease and $9 million increase in previously reported net sales and operating income, respectively, in Corporate and Unallocated.

Creation of Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division

· The former Automotive Division and Aerospace and Commercial Transportation Division (both within the Industrial business segment) were combined to create the Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division.

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Because this realignment was within the Industrial business segment, it had no impact on business segment reporting.

Consolidation of U.S. customer account activity - impacting dual credit reporting

· The Company consolidated its customer account activity in the U.S. into more centralized sales districts to better serve customers. As discussed further below, 3M business segment reporting measures include dual credit to business segments for certain U.S. sales and related operating income. This dual credit is based on which business segment provides customer account activity (“sales district”) with respect to a particular product sold in the U.S. Previously, a customer in the U.S. may have been aligned to several sales districts associated with multiple divisions or segments based on the individual products the customer purchased across 3M’s portfolio. The alignment of U.S. customer accounts to fewer, more focused sales districts therefore changed the attribution of dual credit across 3M’s business segments. As a result, previously reported aggregate business segment net sales and operating income for total year 2016 increased $163 million and $36 million, respectively, offset by similar increases in the elimination of dual credit net sales and operating income amounts.

The financial information presented herein reflects the impact of the preceding product line reporting change between business segments for all periods presented.

Business Segment Information

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Net Sales
Industrial	$	2,709	$	2,599
Safety and Graphics		1,527		1,477
Health Care		1,423		1,391
Electronics and Energy		1,210		1,089
Consumer		1,042		1,050
Corporate and Unallocated		2		—
Elimination of Dual Credit		(228)		(197)
Total Company	$	7,685	$	7,409
Operating Income
Industrial	$	625	$	622
Safety and Graphics		399		359
Health Care		434		457
Electronics and Energy		225		195
Consumer		222		238
Corporate and Unallocated		(81)		(40)
Elimination of Dual Credit		(50)		(43)
Total Company	$	1,774	$	1,788

Corporate and unallocated operating income includes a variety of miscellaneous items, such as corporate investment gains and losses, certain derivative gains and losses, certain insurance-related gains and losses, certain litigation and environmental expenses, corporate restructuring charges and certain under- or over-absorbed costs (e.g. pension, stock-based compensation) that the Company may choose not to allocate directly to its business segments. Because this category includes a variety of miscellaneous items, it is subject to fluctuation on a quarterly and annual basis.

3M business segment reporting measures include dual credit to business segments for certain U.S. sales and related operating income. Management evaluates each of its five business segments based on net sales and operating income performance, including dual credit U.S. reporting to further incentivize U.S. sales growth. As a result, 3M reflects additional (“dual”) credit to another business segment when the customer account activity (“sales district”) with respect

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to the particular product sold to the external customer in the U.S. is provided by a different business segment. This additional dual credit is largely reflected at the division level. For example, certain respirators are primarily sold by the Personal Safety Division within the Safety and Graphics business segment; however, a sales district within the Industrial business segment provides the contact for sales of the product to particular customers in the U.S. market. In this example, the non-primary selling segment (Industrial) would also receive credit for the associated net sales initiated though its sales district and the related approximate operating income. The assigned operating income related to dual credit activity may differ from operating income that would result from actual costs associated with such sales. The offset to the dual credit business segment reporting is reflected as a reconciling item entitled “Elimination of Dual Credit,” such that sales and operating income for the U.S. in total are unchanged.

Certain sales and operating income results for electronic bonding product lines are equally divided between the Electronics and Energy business segment and the Industrial business segment.

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM*

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of 3M Company:

We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of 3M Company and its subsidiaries as of March 31, 2017, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, and cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated February 9, 2017, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.  In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet information as of December 31, 2016, is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Minneapolis, Minnesota

May 3, 2017

*Pursuant to Rule 436(c) of the Securities Act of 1933 (“Act”) this should not be considered a “report” within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Act and the independent registered public accounting firm liability under Section 11 does not extend to it.

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Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) is designed to provide a reader of 3M’s financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of management. 3M’s MD&A is presented in the following sections:

· Overview

· Results of Operations

· Performance by Business Segment

· Financial Condition and Liquidity

· Cautionary Note Concerning Factors That May Affect Future Results

Forward-looking statements in Part I, Item 2 may involve risks and uncertainties that could cause results to differ materially from those projected (refer to the section entitled “Cautionary Note Concerning Factors That May Affect Future Results” in Part I, Item 2 and the risk factors provided in Part II, Item 1A for discussion of these risks and uncertainties).

OVERVIEW

3M is a diversified global manufacturer, technology innovator and marketer of a wide variety of products and services. As more fully described in both the Performance by Business Segment section in MD&A and in Note 12, effective in the first quarter of 2017, the Company changed its business segment reporting in its continued effort to improve the alignment of businesses around markets and customers. These changes included the integration of the former Renewable Energy Division into existing divisions, the combination of two divisions to form the Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division, and consolidation of U.S. customer account activity, impacting dual credit reporting. Business segment information presented herein reflects the impact of these changes for all periods presented.

3M manages its operations in five operating business segments: Industrial; Safety and Graphics; Health Care; Electronics and Energy; and Consumer. From a geographic perspective, any references to EMEA refer to Europe, Middle East and Africa on a combined basis. Any references to “Membrana” refer to the former Separations Media business acquired by 3M from Polypore in 2015.

Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders – diluted:

The following table provides the increase (decrease) in diluted earnings per share for the three-months ended March 31, 2017 compared to 2016.

	Three months ended
(Earnings per diluted share)	March 31, 2017
Same period last year	$	2.05
Increase/(decrease) in earnings per share - diluted, due to:
Organic growth, productivity and other		0.22
Divestitures		(0.03)
Foreign exchange impacts		(0.04)
Strategic investments		(0.16)
Income tax rate		0.09
Shares of common stock outstanding		0.03
Current period	$	2.16

Earnings per diluted share increased 11 cents, or 5.4% in the first quarter of 2017 compared to the same period last year. Organic growth, productivity and other include benefits from higher organic local-currency sales, lower raw material costs, and business transformation, which is having a positive impact on 3M’s productivity efforts. These benefits were partially offset by higher defined benefit pension and postretirement expenses.

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Divestiture impacts, which are measured for the first twelve months post-transaction, related to the divestitures of Polyfoam and the remaining portion of the library system business (both in first quarter 2016), and the divestitures of the  protective films business and cathode battery technology out-license business (both in fourth quarter 2016). In addition, 3M sold its prescription safety eyewear business (January 2017). On a combined basis, lower year-on-year divestiture gains in the first quarter of 2017 when compared to the first quarter of 2016 decreased earnings per share.

Foreign currency impacts (net of hedging) decreased pre-tax earnings by approximately $34 million, or the equivalent of 4 cents per diluted share, excluding the impact of foreign currency changes on tax rates.

Operating income results include year-on-year incremental strategic investments of $136 million, which included investments to accelerate growth in core platforms in the amount of $36 million along with productivity and portfolio actions, which were comprised of asset charges and accelerated depreciation of $80 million in addition to severance and other charges of $20 million. Additional discussion on strategic investments is provided in the “Results of Operations” section.

The income tax rate was 23.7 percent in the first quarter, down 3.1 percentage points versus last year’s first quarter. The decrease in tax rate was driven by a number of factors as referenced in Note 5.

Weighted-average diluted shares outstanding in the first quarter of 2017 declined 1.5 percent year-on-year to 612.0 million, which increased earnings per diluted share. The decrease in the outstanding weighted-average diluted shares relates to the Company’s purchase of $690 million of its own stock in the first quarter of 2017.

Sales and operating income by business segment:

The following tables contain sales and operating income results by business segment for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. In addition to the discussion below, refer to the section entitled “Performance by Business Segment” later in MD&A for a more detailed discussion of the sales and operating income results of the Company and its respective business segments (including Corporate and Unallocated). Refer to Note 12 for additional information on business segments, including Elimination of Dual Credit. Further discussion of the Company’s operating income results is in the section entitled “Operating Income” within the “Results of Operations” section.

	Three months ended March 31,
	2017				2016				% change
	Net		Oper.		Net		Oper.		Net		Oper.
(Dollars in millions)	Sales		Income		Sales		Income		Sales		Income
Business Segments
Industrial	$	2,709	$	625	$	2,599	$	622	4.2	%	0.5	%
Safety and Graphics		1,527		399		1,477		359	3.4	%	11.2	%
Health Care		1,423		434		1,391		457	2.3	%	(5.2)	%
Electronics and Energy		1,210		225		1,089		195	11.1	%	15.1	%
Consumer		1,042		222		1,050		238	(0.7)	%	(6.8)	%
Corporate and Unallocated		2		(81)		—		(40)	—		—
Elimination of Dual Credit		(228)		(50)		(197)		(43)	—		—
Total Company	$	7,685	$	1,774	$	7,409	$	1,788	3.7	%	(0.8)	%

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	Three months ended March 31, 2017
	Organic
Worldwide	local-						Total
Sales Change Analysis	currency						sales
By Business Segment	sales		Divestitures		Translation		change
Industrial	5.7	%	(0.7)	%	(0.8)	%	4.2	%
Safety and Graphics	4.8	%	(0.8)	%	(0.6)	%	3.4	%
Health Care	3.1	%	—	%	(0.8)	%	2.3	%
Electronics and Energy	11.5	%	(0.2)	%	(0.2)	%	11.1	%
Consumer	(1.2)	%	—	%	0.5	%	(0.7)	%
Total Company	4.6	%	(0.4)	%	(0.5)	%	3.7	%

Divestitures reduced first-quarter sales by 0.4 percent. As part of its portfolio management process, in the first quarter of 2016, 3M (Safety and Graphics Business Group) completed the sale of the remaining portions of its library systems business. Also, in the first quarter of 2016, 3M (Industrial Business Group) divested the assets of 3M’s pressurized polyurethane foam adhesives business (formerly known as Polyfoam). This business is a provider of pressurized polyurethane foam adhesive formulations and systems into the residential roofing, commercial roofing and insulation and industrial foam segments in the United States with annual sales of approximately $20 million. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain of $40 million in the first quarter of 2016 as a result of the sale of Polyfoam and the remaining portion of the library systems business (recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses).  

In October 2016, 3M (Industrial Business) sold the assets of its temporary protective films business to Pregis LLC. This business, with annual sales of approximately $50 million, is a provider of adhesive-backed temporary protective films used in a broad range of industries. In December 2016, 3M (Electronics and Energy Business) sold the assets of its cathode battery technology out-licensing business, with annual sales of approximately $10 million, to UMICORE. The aggregate selling price relative to these two businesses was $86 million. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain of $71 million in the fourth quarter of 2016 as a result of the sales of these businesses (recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses).

In January 2017, 3M (Safety and Graphics Business) sold the assets of its safety prescription eyewear business, with annual sales of approximately $45 million, to HOYA Vision Care. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain of $29 million in the first quarter of 2017 as a result of this sale (recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses).

Refer to Note 2 in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail concerning divestitures.

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Sales and operating income by geographic area:

Percent change information compares the first quarter of 2017 with the same period last year, unless otherwise indicated. From a geographic perspective, any references to EMEA refer to Europe, Middle East and Africa on a combined basis.

	Three months ended March 31, 2017
							Europe,			Latin
	United			Asia			Middle East			America/			Other
	States			Pacific			& Africa			Canada			Unallocated		Worldwide
Net sales (millions)	$	2,941		$	2,433		$	1,577		$	736		$	(2)	$	7,685
% of worldwide sales		38.2	%		31.7	%		20.5	%		9.6	%		—		100.0	%
Components of net sales change:
Volume — organic		1.7	%		10.1	%		3.7	%		0.4	%		—		4.5	%
Price		(0.3)			—			0.3			1.9			—		0.1
Organic local-currency sales		1.4			10.1			4.0			2.3			—		4.6
Divestitures		(0.9)			(0.1)			(0.1)			(0.5)			—		(0.4)
Translation		—			(0.1)			(4.0)			4.3			—		(0.5)
Total sales change		0.5	%		9.9	%		(0.1)	%		6.1	%		—		3.7	%
Total sales change:
Industrial		4.5	%		7.2	%		0.6	%		3.8	%		—		4.2	%
Safety and Graphics		1.8	%		5.3	%		3.3	%		4.8	%		—		3.4	%
Health Care		2.2	%		6.9	%		(3.8)	%		13.1	%		—		2.3	%
Electronics and Energy		1.9	%		17.2	%		0.9	%		2.3	%		—		11.1	%
Consumer		(4.8)	%		8.7	%		(3.9)	%		8.5	%		—		(0.7)	%
Organic local-currency sales change:
Industrial		5.8	%		7.9	%		5.2	%		0.4	%		—		5.7	%
Safety and Graphics		3.6	%		5.9	%		6.9	%		2.0	%		—		4.8	%
Health Care		2.2	%		7.0	%		0.8	%		7.8	%		—		3.1	%
Electronics and Energy		2.8	%		17.4	%		2.9	%		(0.4)	%		—		11.5	%
Consumer		(4.8)	%		6.8	%		(0.4)	%		2.4	%		—		(1.2)	%

Additional information beyond what is included in the preceding table is as follows:

· In Asia Pacific, where 3M’s electronics and energy business is concentrated, sales benefited from strengthened demand across most market segments in consumer electronics. Total sales in Japan grew 15 percent and China/Hong Kong grew 9 percent. On an organic local-currency sales basis, both Japan and China/Hong Kong grew 13 percent.

· In EMEA, Central/East Europe and Middle East/Africa total sales and organic local-currency sales grew 2 percent. West Europe total sales declined 1 percent, as organic local-currency sales growth of 5 percent was more than offset by foreign currency translation.

· In Latin America/Canada, total sales declined 3 percent in Mexico, as organic local-currency sales growth of 8 percent was more than offset by foreign currency translation. In Canada, total sales grew 4 percent, helped by organic local-currency sales growth of 3 percent. In Brazil total sales growth of 20 percent was driven by foreign currency translation, as organic local-currency sales declined 3 percent.

Foreign currency translation reduced year-on-year sales slightly, with the translation-related sales increase in Latin America/Canada more than offset by the decrease in EMEA. The U.S. dollar was stronger compared to first quarter 2016 by 25 percent versus the Brazilian Real and 2 percent versus the Japanese Yen. The U.S. dollar was weaker compared to the first quarter of 2016 by 4 percent versus the Euro and 5 percent versus the Chinese Yuan.

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Managing currency risks:

As discussed above, the stronger U.S. dollar had a negative impact on sales and earnings in the first three months of 2017 compared to the same period last year. 3M utilizes a number of tools to hedge currency risk related to earnings. 3M uses natural hedges such as pricing, productivity, hard currency and hard currency-indexed billings, and localizing source of supply. 3M also uses financial hedges to mitigate currency risk. In the case of more liquid currencies, 3M hedges a portion of its aggregate exposure, using a 12, 24 or 36 month horizon, depending on the currency in question. For less liquid currencies, financial hedging is frequently more expensive with more limitations on tenor. Thus this risk is largely managed via local operational actions using natural hedging tools as discussed above. In either case, 3M’s hedging approach is designed to mitigate a portion of foreign currency risk and reduce volatility, ultimately allowing time for 3M’s businesses to respond to changes in the marketplace.

Financial condition:

3M generated $988 million of operating cash flows in the first three months of 2017, a decrease of $272 million when compared to the first three months of 2016. Refer to the section entitled “Financial Condition and Liquidity” later in MD&A for a discussion of items impacting cash flows.

In February 2016, 3M’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $10 billion of 3M’s outstanding common stock, with no pre-established end date. In the first three months of 2017, the Company purchased $690 million of its own stock, compared to $1.227 billion of stock purchases in the first three months of 2016. As of March 31, 2017, approximately $6.4 billion remained available under the February 2016 authorization. The Company expects to purchase $2.5 billion to $4.5 billion of its own stock in 2017. In February 2017, 3M’s Board of Directors declared a first-quarter 2017 dividend of $1.175 per share, an increase of 6 percent. This marked the 59th consecutive year of dividend increases for 3M.

3M’s debt to total capital ratio (total capital defined as debt plus equity) was 51 percent at March 31, 2017, and 53 percent at December 31, 2016. 3M currently has an AA- credit rating with a stable outlook from Standard & Poor’s and has an A1 credit rating with a stable outlook from Moody’s Investors Service. The Company generates significant ongoing cash flow and has proven access to capital markets funding throughout business cycles.

3M expects to contribute approximately $300 million to $500 million of cash to its global defined benefit pension and postretirement plans in 2017. The Company does not have a required minimum cash pension contribution obligation for its U.S. plans in 2017.

Year 2017 announced acquisition (not closed as of March 31, 2017):

In March 2017, 3M (Safety and Graphics) announced that it entered into an agreement to acquire Scott Safety from Johnson Controls for $2.0 billion, subject to closing and other adjustments. This transaction is expected to close in the second half of 2017. Refer to Note 2 for additional details.

Year 2017 divestiture and portfolio actions (not closed as of March 31, 2017):

In May 2017, 3M (Safety and Graphics business) closed on the sale and transfer of control of its identity management business. 3M expects a pre-tax gain of approximately $470 million as a result of this divestiture, which translates to net income of approximately $0.55 per diluted share. 3M will no longer benefit from approximately $0.05 per diluted share related to the remaining 2017 income of the divested business. In addition, 3M expects to make significant progress on its plan to better optimize its portfolio and supply chain footprint, with associated costs in the range of $0.40 to $0.45 per diluted share over the remainder of 2017. In total, 3M expects the net impact of these items to add approximately $0.05 to $0.10 per diluted share to full year 2017 earnings.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net Sales:

Refer to the preceding sections entitled “Sales and operating income by business segment” and “Sales and operating income by geographic area” for discussion of sales change.

Operating Expenses:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Percent of net sales)	2017		2016		Change
Cost of sales	50.4	%	49.6	%	0.8
Selling, general and administrative expenses	20.4		20.2		0.2
Research, development and related expenses	6.1		6.1		—
Operating income	23.1	%	24.1	%	(1.0)

3M expects global defined benefit pension and postretirement expense in 2017 (before settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other) to increase by approximately $74 million pre-tax when compared to 2016,  which impacts cost of sales; selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A); and research, development and related expenses (R&D). Refer to the 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K (MD&A section entitled Critical Accounting Estimates — Pension and Postretirement Obligations and Note 11, Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans) for background concerning the change to the spot yield curve approach and other factors that will impact pension and postretirement expenses in 2017. The year-on-year increase in defined benefit pension and postretirement expense for the first quarter was $22 million.

The Company is investing in an initiative called business transformation, with these investments impacting cost of sales, SG&A, and R&D. Business transformation encompasses the ongoing multi-year phased implementation of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system on a worldwide basis, as well as changes in processes and internal/external service delivery across 3M.

In the first quarter of 2017, year-on-year incremental strategic investments in growth, productivity and portfolio actions impacted 3M’s operating expenses were as follows:

	Three months ended
(Millions)	March 31, 2017
Cost of sales	$	79
Selling, general and administrative expenses		56
Research, development and related expenses		1
Total	$	136

Cost of Sales:

Cost of sales includes manufacturing, engineering and freight costs.

Cost of sales, measured as a percent of sales, increased due to first quarter 2017 incremental strategic investments in productivity and portfolio actions, foreign currency effects (net of hedge gains), and higher defined benefit pension and postretirement expense. This was partially offset by raw material cost deflation, which was favorable by approximately 2 percent year-on-year. Selling prices increased net sales year-on-year by 0.1 percent in first quarter 2017.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses:

SG&A in dollars increased 5.2 percent in the first quarter of 2017, when compared to the same period last year, impacted by incremental strategic investments, lower year-on-year divestiture gains (as discussed in Note 2), and higher defined benefit pension and postretirement expense.

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Research, Development and Related Expenses:

R&D in dollars increased $21 million in the first three months of 2017 compared to the same period last year. 3M continued to invest in its key initiatives, including more R&D aimed at disruptive innovation programs with the potential to create entirely new markets and disrupt existing markets.

Operating Income:

3M uses operating income as one of its primary business segment performance measurement tools. Refer to the table below for a reconciliation of operating income margins for the three months ended March 31, 2017 versus 2016.

	Three months ended
(Percent of net sales)	March 31, 2017
Same period last year	24.1	%
Increase/(decrease) in operating income margin, due to:
Organic volume and productivity	1.2
Selling price and raw material impact	0.5
Foreign exchange impacts	(0.4)
Strategic investments	(1.8)
Pension and postretirement benefit costs	(0.3)
Divestiture gains	(0.2)
Current period	23.1	%

Operating income margins declined 1.0 percentage points in the first quarter of 2017 when compared to the first quarter of 2016. Items that reduced operating income margins included year-on-year incremental strategic investments in growth, productivity and portfolio actions. Additional items that reduced operating margins included foreign currency effects (net of hedge gains), higher year-on-year defined benefit pension and postretirement expense, and lower year-on-year divestiture gains. 3M benefited from higher organic local-currency sales growth and productivity. 3M also benefited from lower raw material costs.

Interest Expense and Income:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Interest expense	$	45	$	47
Interest income		(8)		(5)
Total	$	37	$	42

Over the past few years, 3M has taken actions to better optimize its capital structure and reduce its cost of capital by adding debt. These actions have led to an increase in interest expense year-on-year, largely due to higher average debt balances. However, in the first quarter of 2017, this increase due to higher debt was more than offset by the impact of foreign exchange hedging of intercompany loans. 

Provision for Income Taxes:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Percent of pre-tax income)	2017		2016
Effective tax rate	23.7	%	26.8	%

The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2017 was 23.7 percent, compared to 26.8 percent in the first quarter of 2016, a decrease of 3.1 percentage points. The changes in the rates between years are impacted by many factors, as described further in Note 5.

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The Company currently anticipates its 2017 full-year tax rate will be 26.0 to 27.5 percent. The rate can vary from quarter to quarter due to discrete items, such as the settlement of income tax audits and changes in tax laws and employee share-based payment accounting; as well as recurring factors, such as geographic mix of income before taxes and foreign currency effects.

Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	$	3	$	3

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest represents the elimination of the income or loss attributable to non-3M ownership interests in 3M consolidated entities. The primary noncontrolling interest relates to 3M India Limited, of which 3M’s effective ownership is 75 percent.

Currency Effects:

3M estimates that year-on-year currency effects, including hedging impacts, decreased pre-tax income by approximately $34 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017. This estimate includes the effect of translating profits from local currencies into U.S. dollars; the impact of currency fluctuations on the transfer of goods between 3M operations in the United States and abroad; and transaction gains and losses, including derivative instruments designed to reduce foreign currency exchange rate risks and any impacts from swapping Venezuelan bolivars into U.S. dollars. 3M estimates that year-on-year derivative and other transaction gains and losses decreased pre-tax income by approximately $37 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Significant Accounting Policies:

Information regarding new accounting standards is included in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

PERFORMANCE BY BUSINESS SEGMENT

Disclosures relating to 3M’s business segments are provided in Note 12.  Effective in the first quarter of 2017, as part of 3M’s continuing effort to improve the alignment of its businesses around markets and customers, the Company made the following changes:

Integration of former Renewable Energy Division

· 3M’s former Renewable Energy Division (RED) has been integrated into existing divisions within the Electronics and Energy business segment and Safety and Graphics business segment. 3M is committed to leadership in sustainability and to enabling the advancement of energy solutions into the future. Integrating RED’s offerings into larger divisions already serving these segments will provide increased scale and build on strength by leveraging 3M’s existing brands, go-to-market capabilities, and relationships to support growth objectives.

Creation of Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division

· 3M created the Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division, which combined the former Automotive Division and Aerospace and Commercial Transportation Division, which were both within the Industrial business segment. Combining the strengths along with the deep industry knowledge of each business will enable this new division to utilize shared technology platforms and processes to deliver a broader set of innovative solutions, along with world-class quality and service to 3M’s customers. This combination will help accelerate the Company’s profitable growth and market relevance across the automotive, aerospace and commercial transportation industries.

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Consolidation of U.S. customer account activity - impacting dual credit reporting

· The Company consolidated its customer account activity in the U.S. into more centralized sales districts. This improved alignment reduces the complexity for customers when interacting with multiple businesses within 3M, creating a better customer experience. 3M business segment reporting measures include dual credit to business segments for certain U.S. sales and related operating income. This dual credit is based on which business segment provides customer account activity with respect to a particular product sold in the U.S. The alignment of U.S. customer accounts to fewer, more focused sales districts changed the attribution of dual credit across 3M’s business segments.

Business segment information presented herein reflects the impact of these changes for all periods presented. 3M manages its operations in five business segments. The reportable segments are Industrial; Safety and Graphics; Electronics and Energy; Health Care; and Consumer.

Corporate and Unallocated:

In addition to these five business segments, 3M assigns certain costs to “Corporate and Unallocated,” which is presented separately in the preceding business segments table and in Note 12. Corporate and Unallocated includes a variety of miscellaneous items, such as corporate investment gains and losses, certain derivative gains and losses, certain insurance-related gains and losses, certain litigation and environmental expenses, corporate restructuring charges and certain under- or over-absorbed costs (e.g. pension, stock-based compensation) that the Company determines not to allocate directly to its business segments. Because this category includes a variety of miscellaneous items, it is subject to fluctuation on a quarterly and annual basis.

Corporate and Unallocated operating expenses increased by $41 million in the first quarter of 2017 when compared to the same period last year. In the first quarter of 2017, a portion of the severance actions were reflected in Corporate and Unallocated. In addition, defined benefit pension and postretirement expense increased $22 million year-on-year, with $9 million of this increase allocated to Corporate and Unallocated. 

Operating Business Segments:

Information related to 3M’s business segments for the first quarter of both 2017 and 2016 is presented in the tables that follow. Organic local-currency sales include both organic volume impacts plus selling price impacts. Acquisition impacts, if any, are measured separately for the first twelve months post-transaction. The divestiture impacts, if any, foreign currency translation impacts and total sales change are also provided for each business segment. Any references to EMEA relate to Europe, Middle East and Africa on a combined basis.

Refer to the preceding “Sales and operating income by geographic area” section for organic local-currency sales growth by business segment within major geographic areas.

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Industrial Business:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Sales (millions)	$	2,709		$	2,599
Sales change analysis:
Organic local-currency		5.7	%		(1.9)	%
Acquisitions		—			2.0
Divestitures		(0.7)			(0.1)
Translation		(0.8)			(3.0)
Total sales change		4.2	%		(3.0)	%
Operating income (millions)	$	625		$	622
Percent change		0.5	%		3.5	%
Percent of sales		23.1	%		23.9	%

The Industrial segment serves a broad range of markets, such as automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and automotive aftermarket (auto body shops and retail), electronics, appliance, paper and printing, packaging, food and beverage, and construction. Industrial products include tapes, a wide variety of coated, non-woven and bonded abrasives, adhesives, advanced ceramics, sealants, specialty materials, 3M purification (filtration products), closure systems for personal hygiene products, acoustic systems products, and components and products that are used in the manufacture, repair and maintenance of automotive, marine, aircraft and specialty vehicles. 3M is also a leading global supplier of precision grinding technology serving customers in the area of hard-to-grind precision applications in industrial, automotive, aircraft and cutting tools. 3M develops and produces advanced technical ceramics for demanding applications in the automotive, oil and gas, solar, industrial, electronics and defense industries.

First Quarter 2017 results:

Sales in Industrial totaled $2.7 billion, up 4.2 percent in U.S. dollars. Organic local-currency sales increased 5.7 percent, divestitures reduced sales by 0.7 percent, and foreign currency translation reduced sales by 0.8 percent.

On an organic local-currency sales basis:

· Sales growth was broad-based, led by automotive and aerospace solutions, advanced materials, abrasives, industrial adhesives and tapes, and automotive aftermarket.

· Automotive OEM business organic growth continues to outpace global auto builds.

Acquisitions and divestitures:

· In October 2016, 3M sold the assets of its temporary protective films business.

· In January 2016, 3M completed its sale of the assets of 3M’s pressurized polyurethane foam adhesives business (formerly known as Polyfoam).

· Acquisition sales growth in 2016 related to the August 2015 acquisition of Membrana, a leading provider of microporous membranes and modules for filtration in the life sciences, industrial, and specialty segments.

Operating income:

· Operating income margins decreased 0.8 percentage points, as  divestiture gains related to the first quarter 2016 sale of the Polyfoam business resulted in a net year-on-year operating income margin penalty of 1.2 percentage points.

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Safety and Graphics Business:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Sales (millions)	$	1,527		$	1,477
Sales change analysis:
Organic local-currency		4.8	%		2.6	%
Acquisitions		—			6.6
Divestitures		(0.8)			(2.3)
Translation		(0.6)			(4.0)
Total sales change		3.4	%		2.9	%
Operating income (millions)	$	399		$	359
Percent change		11.2	%		3.0	%
Percent of sales		26.1	%		24.3	%

The Safety and Graphics segment serves a broad range of markets that increase the safety, security and productivity of people, facilities and systems. Major product offerings include personal protection products, such as respiratory, hearing, eye and fall protection equipment; traffic safety and security products, including border and civil security solutions; commercial solutions, including commercial graphics sheeting and systems, architectural design solutions for surfaces, window films, and cleaning and protection products for commercial establishments; and roofing granules for asphalt shingles.

First Quarter 2017 results:

Sales in Safety and Graphics totaled $1.5 billion, up 3.4 percent in U.S. dollars. Organic local-currency sales increased 4.8 percent, divestitures reduced sales by 0.8 percent, and foreign currency translation reduced sales by 0.6 percent.

On an organic local-currency sales basis:

· Sales increased in roofing granules, personal safety, and traffic safety and security, while commercial solutions was flat.

Acquisitions and divestitures:

· In January 2017, 3M sold its safety prescription eyewear business.

· Acquisition sales growth in 2016 reflects the acquisition of Capital Safety in August 2015. Capital Safety is a leading global provider of fall protection equipment.

· In the first quarter of 2016, 3M divested the remainder of the library systems business.

Operating income:

· Operating income margins increased 1.8 percentage points, as  divestiture gains year-on-year partially offset by acquisition charges resulted in a net operating income margin benefit of 1.0 percentage points.

In May 2017, 3M (Safety and Graphics business) closed on the sale and transfer of control of its identity management business. 3M expects a pre-tax gain of approximately $470 million as a result of this divestiture. In March 2017, 3M (Safety and Graphics) announced that it entered into an agreement to acquire Scott Safety from Johnson Controls for $2.0 billion, subject to closing and other adjustments. This transaction is expected to close in the second half of 2017. Refer to Note 2 for additional details.

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Health Care Business:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Sales (millions)	$	1,423		$	1,391
Sales change analysis:
Organic local-currency		3.1	%		6.3	%
Acquisitions		—			0.9
Translation		(0.8)			(3.1)
Total sales change		2.3	%		4.1	%
Operating income (millions)	$	434		$	457
Percent change		(5.2)	%		11.5	%
Percent of sales		30.5	%		32.9	%

The Health Care segment serves markets that include medical clinics and hospitals, pharmaceuticals, dental and orthodontic practitioners, health information systems, and food manufacturing and testing. Products and services provided to these and other markets include medical and surgical supplies, skin health and infection prevention products, inhalation and transdermal drug delivery systems, oral care solutions (dental and orthodontic products), health information systems, and food safety products.

First Quarter 2017 results:

Sales in Health Care totaled $1.4 billion, up 2.3 percent in U.S. dollars. Organic local-currency sales increased 3.1 percent and foreign currency translation reduced sales by 0.8 percent.

On an organic local-currency sales basis:

· Sales increased in drug delivery systems, food safety, oral care, and medical consumables (which is comprised of the critical and chronic care and infection prevention businesses).

· Sales declined in health information systems.

· In developing markets, Health Care organic local-currency sales growth was led by China/Hong Kong, Taiwan, Brazil, and Mexico.

Acquisitions:

· Acquisition sales growth in 2016 related to the March 2015 purchase of Ivera Medical Corp. Ivera is a manufacturer of health care products that disinfect and protect devices used for access into a patient’s bloodstream.

Operating income:

· Operating income margins decreased, as 3M invested $21 million across the business to accelerate future growth opportunities. 

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Electronics and Energy Business:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Sales (millions)	$	1,210		$	1,089
Sales change analysis:
Organic local-currency		11.5	%		(12.6)	%
Divestitures		(0.2)			—
Translation		(0.2)			(1.7)
Total sales change		11.1	%		(14.3)	%
Operating income (millions)	$	225		$	195
Percent change		15.1	%		(27.9)	%
Percent of sales		18.6	%		17.9	%

The Electronics and Energy segment includes solutions that improve the dependability, cost-effectiveness, and performance of electronic devices; electrical products, including infrastructure protection; telecommunications networks; and power generation and distribution. This segment’s electronics solutions include optical film solutions for the electronic display industry; high-performance fluids and abrasives; high-temperature and display tapes; flexible circuits, which use electronic packaging and interconnection technology; and touch systems products. This segment’s energy solutions include pressure sensitive tapes and resins; electrical insulation; infrastructure products that provide both protection and detection solutions; a wide array of fiber-optic and copper-based telecommunications systems; and renewable energy component solutions for the solar and wind power industries.

First Quarter 2017 results:

Sales in Electronics and Energy totaled $1.2 billion, up 11.1 percent in U.S. dollars. Organic local-currency sales increased 11.5 percent, divestitures reduced sales by 0.2, and foreign currency translation reduced sales by 0.2 percent.

Total sales within the electronics-related and energy-related businesses were up 17 percent and 1 percent, respectively. Total sales increased 17 percent in Asia Pacific.

On an organic local-currency sales basis:

· Sales increased 18 percent in 3M’s electronics-related businesses, with increases in both display materials and systems and electronics materials solutions, as the businesses drove increased inclusion in OEM platforms in addition to strengthened demand in consumer electronics.

· Sales increased 1 percent in 3M’s energy-related businesses, as sales grew in electrical markets and were flat in telecommunications.

· Sales increased 17 percent in Asia Pacific, where 3M’s electronics business is concentrated.

Divestitures:

· In December 2016, 3M sold the assets of its cathode battery technology out-licensing business, with annual sales of approximately $10 million.

Operating income:

· Operating income margins increased 0.7 percentage points, as benefits from higher organic volume were offset by first quarter 2017 footprint and portfolio actions. These actions resulted in a year-on-year operating income margin penalty of 5.3 percentage points.

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Consumer Business:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Sales (millions)	$	1,042		$	1,050
Sales change analysis:
Organic local-currency		(1.2)	%		2.7	%
Translation		0.5			(2.7)
Total sales change		(0.7)	%		—	%
Operating income (millions)	$	222		$	238
Percent change		(6.8)	%		(1.2)	%
Percent of sales		21.3	%		22.7	%

The Consumer segment serves markets that include consumer retail, office retail, office business to business, home improvement, drug and pharmacy retail, and other markets. Products in this segment include office supply products, stationery products, home improvement products (do-it-yourself), home care products, protective material products, certain consumer retail personal safety products, and consumer health care products.

First Quarter 2017 results:

Sales in Consumer totaled $1.0 billion, down 0.7 percent in U.S. dollars. Organic local-currency sales declined 1.2 percent, while foreign currency translation increased sales by 0.5 percent.

On an organic local-currency sales basis:

· Sales grew in home improvement, consumer health care, and home care.

· Stationery and office supplies declined due to channel inventory reductions, primarily in the U.S. office retail and wholesale market.

Operating income:

· Operating income margins declined year-on-year, in part due to increased growth investments in core platforms.

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY

3M continues its transition to a better-optimized capital structure and is adding leverage at a measured pace. The strength and stability of 3M’s business model and strong free cash flow capability, together with proven capital markets access, enable the Company to implement this strategy. Investing in 3M’s businesses to drive organic growth remains the first priority for capital deployment, including research and development, capital expenditures, and commercialization capability. Investment in organic growth will be supplemented by complementary acquisitions. 3M will also continue to return cash to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases. Sources for cash availability in the United States, such as ongoing cash flow from operations and access to capital markets, have historically been sufficient to fund dividend payments to shareholders and share repurchases, as well as funding U.S. acquisitions and other items as needed. For those international earnings considered to be reinvested indefinitely, the Company currently has no plans or intentions to repatriate these funds for U.S. operations. However, if these international funds are needed for operations in the U.S., 3M would be required to accrue and pay U.S. taxes to repatriate them. See Note 8 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on earnings considered to be reinvested indefinitely.

3M’s primary short-term liquidity needs are met through cash on hand and U.S. commercial paper issuances. 3M believes it will have continuous access to the commercial paper market. 3M’s commercial paper program permits the Company to have a maximum of $5 billion outstanding with a maximum maturity of 397 days from date of issuance.

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Total debt:

The Company’s total debt was approximately $11.7 billion at both March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. In May 2016, 3M issued 500 million Euro aggregate principal amount of 5.75-year fixed rate medium-term notes due February 2022 with a coupon rate of 0.375% and 500 million Euro aggregate principal amount of 15-year fixed rate medium-term notes due 2031 with a coupon rate of 1.50%. In September 2016, 3M issued $600 million aggregate principal amount of five-year fixed rate medium-term notes due 2021 with a coupon rate of 1.625%, $650 million aggregate principal amount of 10-year fixed rate medium-term notes due 2026 with a coupon rate of 2.250%, and $500 million aggregate principal amount of 30-year fixed rate medium-term notes due 2046 with a coupon rate of 3.125%. All of these 2016 issuances were under the medium-term notes program (Series F). As of March 31, 2017, the total amount of debt issued as part of the medium-term notes program (Series F), inclusive of debt issued in 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015 and the 2016 debt referenced above, is approximately $11.1 billion (utilizing the foreign exchange rates applicable at the time of issuance for the Euro denominated debt). Information with respect to long-term debt issuances and maturities for the periods presented is included in Note 10 of 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The strength of 3M’s capital structure and significant ongoing cash flows provide 3M proven access to capital markets. Additionally, the Company’s maturity profile is staggered to help ensure refinancing needs in any given year are reasonable in proportion to the total portfolio. 3M currently has an AA- credit rating with a stable outlook from Standard & Poor’s and has an A1 credit rating with a stable outlook from Moody’s Investors Service. The Company’s ongoing transition to a more optimized capital structure, financed with additional low-cost debt, could impact 3M’s credit rating in the future. 

Effective February 24, 2017, the Company updated its “well-known seasoned issuer” (WKSI) shelf registration statement, which registers an indeterminate amount of debt or equity securities for future issuance and sale. This replaced 3M’s previous shelf registration dated May 16, 2014. In May 2016, in connection with the WKSI shelf, 3M entered into an amended and restated distribution agreement relating to the future issuance and sale (from time to time) of the Company’s medium-term notes program (Series F), up to the aggregate principal amount of $18 billion, which was an increase from the previous aggregate principal amount up to $9 billion of the same Series.

In March 2016, 3M amended and restated its existing $2.25 billion five-year revolving credit facility expiring in August 2019 to a $3.75 billion five-year revolving credit facility expiring in March 2021. This credit agreement includes a provision under which 3M may request an increase of up to $1.25 billion (at lenders’ discretion), bringing the total facility up to $5.0 billion. This revolving credit facility is undrawn at March 31, 2017. Under the $3.75 billion credit agreement, the Company is required to maintain its EBITDA to Interest Ratio as of the end of each fiscal quarter at not less than 3.0 to 1. This is calculated (as defined in the agreement) as the ratio of consolidated total EBITDA for the four consecutive quarters then ended to total interest expense on all funded debt for the same period. At March 31, 2017, this ratio was approximately 45 to 1. Debt covenants do not restrict the payment of dividends. Apart from the committed facilities, $293 million in stand-alone letters of credit and bank guarantees were also issued and outstanding at March 31, 2017. These lines of credit are utilized in connection with normal business activities.

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities:

At March 31, 2017, 3M had $2.3 billion of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, of which approximately $2.0 billion was held by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries and approximately $340 million was held by the United States. Of the $2.0 billion held internationally, U.S. dollar-based cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities totaled $460 million, or 23 percent, which was invested in money market funds, asset-backed securities, agency securities, corporate medium-term note securities and other high-quality fixed income securities. At December 31, 2016, cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities held by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries and by the United States totaled approximately $2.35 billion and $350 million, respectively.

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Net Debt (non-GAAP measure):

Net debt is not defined under U.S. GAAP and may not be computed the same as similarly titled measures used by other companies. The Company defines net debt as total debt less the total of cash, cash equivalents and current and long-term marketable securities. 3M believes net debt is meaningful to investors as 3M considers net debt and its components to be important indicators of liquidity and financial position. The following table provides net debt as of March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016.

	March 31,		December 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Total Debt	$	11,711	$	11,650
Less: Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities		2,331		2,695
Net Debt (non-GAAP measure)	$	9,380	$	8,955

In the first three months of 2017, net debt increased by $0.4 billion to a net debt balance of $9.4 billion, driven by a decrease in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities.

Balance Sheet:

3M’s strong balance sheet and liquidity provide the Company with significant flexibility to take advantage of numerous opportunities going forward. The Company will continue to invest in its operations to drive growth, including continual review of acquisition opportunities.

The Company uses working capital measures that place emphasis and focus on certain working capital assets. These measures include working capital, accounts receivable turns, and inventory turns.

Working capital (non-GAAP measure):

(Millions)		March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		Change
Current assets	$	11,901	$	11,726	$	175
Less: Current Liabilities		(5,995)		(6,219)		224
Working Capital	$	5,906	$	5,507	$	399

Various assets and liabilities, including cash and short-term debt, can fluctuate significantly from month to month depending on short-term liquidity needs. Working capital is not defined under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and may not be computed the same as similarly titled measures used by other companies. The Company defines working capital as current assets minus current liabilities. Working capital increased $399 million compared with December 31, 2016. Current asset balance changes increased working capital by $175 million, driven by increases in accounts receivable, and inventories (discussed further below), partially offset by decreases in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. Current liability balance changes increased working capital by $224 million, largely due to decreases in accounts payable and accrued payroll, partially offset by increases in accrued income taxes. 3M believes working capital is meaningful to investors as a measure of operational efficiency and short-term financial health.

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Accounts receivable and inventory turns (non-GAAP measures):

Accounts receivable and inventory turns are not defined under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and may not be computed the same as similarly titled measures used by other companies. 3M defines accounts receivable turns as quarterly net sales multiplied by 4 divided by ending accounts receivable – net, and defines inventory turns as quarterly manufacturing cost multiplied by 4 divided by ending inventory. 3M believes accounts receivable turns is meaningful to investors as a measure of how efficiently the Company manages credit and collects from its customers. For inventory turns calculation purposes, manufacturing cost is defined as cost of sales less freight and engineering costs. 3M believes inventory turns is meaningful to investors as a measure of how quickly inventory is sold. Details of these calculations follow.

Accounts receivable turns (non-GAAP measure)
(Millions, except turns)		March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Quarterly net sales	$	7,685	$	7,329
Ending accounts receivable - net	$	4,722	$	4,392
Accounts receivable turns		6.51		6.67

Inventory turns (non-GAAP measure)
(Millions, except turns)		March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Quarterly cost of sales	$	3,869	$	3,716
Less: Freight and engineering	$	171	$	160
Manufacturing cost	$	3,698	$	3,556
Ending inventory	$	3,612	$	3,385
Inventory turns		4.10		4.20

Concerning accounts receivable, higher March 2017 sales compared to December 2016 sales contributed to the accounts receivable increase. On a seasonal basis, both accounts receivable and inventory turns are usually higher at year-end, driven by typically lower year-end accounts receivable and inventory balances. 

Cash Flows:

Cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities are provided in the tables that follow. Individual amounts in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows exclude the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and exchange rate impacts on cash and cash equivalents, which are presented as separate line items within the statement of cash flows. Thus, the amounts presented in the following operating, investing and financing activities tables reflect changes in balances from period to period adjusted for these effects.

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Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Net income including noncontrolling interest	$	1,326	$	1,278
Depreciation and amortization		438		356
Company pension contributions		(247)		(55)
Company postretirement contributions		(1)		(1)
Company pension expense		69		47
Company postretirement expense		12		12
Stock-based compensation expense		147		144
Income taxes (deferred and accrued income taxes)		141		296
Accounts receivable		(237)		(245)
Inventories		(149)		(37)
Accounts payable		(124)		(116)
Other — net		(387)		(419)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	988	$	1,260

Cash flows from operating activities can fluctuate significantly from period to period, as pension funding decisions, tax timing differences and other items can significantly impact cash flows.

In the first three months of 2017, cash flows provided by operating activities decreased $272 million compared to the same period last year, with this decrease primarily due to the timing of pension contributions. For total year 2017, the Company expects to contribute approximately $300 million to $500 million of cash to its global defined benefit pension and postretirement plans, similar to the $383 million contributed for total year 2016. Additional factors that decreased operating cash flows were increases in inventory, and higher year-on-year cash income taxes. These items were partially offset by year-on-year increases in depreciation and amortization expense, which partially related to first quarter 2017 asset charges and accelerated depreciation within the Electronics and Energy business segment. The combination of accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable increased working capital by $510 million in the first three months of 2017, compared to the working capital increases of $398 million in the first three months of 2016. Additional discussion on working capital changes is provided earlier in the “Financial Condition and Liquidity” section.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (PP&E)	$	(287)	$	(314)
Proceeds from sale of PP&E and other assets		1		18
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired		—		(4)
Purchases and proceeds from maturities and sale of marketable securities and investments, net		138		(61)
Proceeds from sale of businesses		53		56
Other investing activities		5		25
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(90)	$	(280)

Investments in property, plant and equipment enable growth across many diverse markets, helping to meet product demand and increasing manufacturing efficiency. 3M invests in renewal and maintenance programs, which pertain to cost reduction, cycle time, maintaining and renewing current capacity, pollution reduction, and compliance. Costs related to maintenance, ordinary repairs, and certain other items are expensed. 3M also invests in new growth capacity, both through expansion of current facilities and by building new facilities. 3M also invests in corporate laboratory facilities

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and information technology (IT). The Company expects 2017 capital spending to be in the range of $1.3 billion to $1.5 billion.

Refer to Note 2 for information on acquisitions and divestitures. The Company is actively considering additional acquisitions, investments and strategic alliances, and from time to time may also divest certain businesses. Proceeds from sale of businesses in the first three months of 2017 relate to the divestiture of the assets of the prescription safety eyewear business within the Safety and Graphics business segment.

Purchases of marketable securities and investments and proceeds from maturities and sale of marketable securities and investments are primarily attributable to asset-backed securities, certificates of deposit/time deposits, commercial paper, and other securities, which are classified as available-for-sale. Refer to Note 6 for more details about 3M’s diversified marketable securities portfolio. Purchases of investments include additional survivor benefit insurance, plus cost method and equity investments.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Change in short-term debt — net	$	(68)	$	138
Repayment of debt (maturities greater than 90 days)		—		—
Proceeds from debt (maturities greater than 90 days)		—		—
Total cash change in debt	$	(68)	$	138
Purchases of treasury stock		(690)		(1,227)
Proceeds from issuances of treasury stock pursuant to stock option and benefit plans		315		357
Dividends paid to shareholders		(702)		(672)
Other — net		(6)		(22)
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(1,151)	$	(1,426)

Total debt was approximately $11.7 billion at both March 31, 2017 and year-end 2016. Total debt was 51 percent of total capital (total capital is defined as debt plus equity) at March 31, 2017, compared to 53 percent of total capital at year-end 2016.

Repurchases of common stock are made to support the Company’s stock-based employee compensation plans and for other corporate purposes. In February 2016, 3M’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $10 billion of 3M’s outstanding common stock, with no pre-established end date. The Company expects full-year 2017 gross share repurchases will be in the range of $2.5 billion to $4.5 billion. For more information, refer to the table titled “Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities” in Part II, Item 2. The Company does not utilize derivative instruments linked to the Company’s stock.

3M has paid dividends each year since 1916. In February 2017, 3M’s Board of Directors declared a first-quarter 2017 dividend of $1.175 per share, an increase of 6 percent. This is equivalent to an annual dividend of $4.70 per share and marked the 59th consecutive year of dividend increases for 3M.

Other cash flows from financing activities may include various other items, such as distributions to or sales of noncontrolling interests, changes in cash overdraft balances, and principal payments for capital leases.

Free Cash Flow (non-GAAP measure):

Free cash flow and free cash flow conversion are not defined under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Therefore, they should not be considered a substitute for income or cash flow data prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. The Company defines free cash flow as net cash provided by operating activities less purchases of property, plant and equipment. It should not be

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inferred that the entire free cash flow amount is available for discretionary expenditures. The Company defines free cash flow conversion as free cash flow divided by net income attributable to 3M. The Company believes free cash flow and free cash flow conversion are meaningful to investors as they are useful measures of performance and the Company uses these measures as an indication of the strength of the company and its ability to generate cash. The first quarter of each year is typically 3M’s seasonal low for free cash flow and free cash flow conversion. Below find a recap of free cash flow for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017			2016
Major GAAP Cash Flow Categories
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	988		$	1,260
Net cash used in investing activities		(90)			(280)
Net cash used in financing activities		(1,151)			(1,426)
Free Cash Flow (non-GAAP measure)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	988		$	1,260
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (PP&E)		(287)			(314)
Free cash flow	$	701		$	946
Net income attributable to 3M	$	1,323		$	1,275
Free cash flow conversion		53	%		74	%

CAUTIONARY NOTE CONCERNING FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part I, Item 2, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The Company may also make forward-looking statements in other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in materials delivered to shareholders and in press releases. In addition, the Company’s representatives may from time to time make oral forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements relate to future events and typically address the Company’s expected future business and financial performance. Words such as “plan,” “expect,” “aim,” “believe,” “project,” “target,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “forecast” and other words and terms of similar meaning, typically identify such forward-looking statements. In particular, these include, among others, statements relating to:

· the Company’s strategy for growth, future revenues, earnings, cash flow, uses of cash and other measures of financial performance, and market position,

· worldwide economic, political, and capital markets conditions, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, financial conditions of our suppliers and customers, and natural and other disasters or climate change affecting the operations of the Company or its suppliers and customers,

· new business opportunities, product development, and future performance or results of current or anticipated products,

· the scope, nature or impact of acquisitions, strategic alliances and divestitures,

· the outcome of contingencies, such as legal and regulatory proceedings,

· future levels of indebtedness, common stock repurchases and capital spending,

· future availability of and access to credit markets,

· pension and postretirement obligation assumptions and future contributions,

· asset impairments,

· tax liabilities,

· information technology security, and

· the effects of changes in tax, environmental and other laws and regulations in the United States and other countries in which we operate.

The Company assumes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements.

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Forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions and expectations of future events and trends that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual future results and trends may differ materially from historical results or those reflected in any such forward-looking statements depending on a variety of factors. Important information as to these factors can be found in this document, including, among others, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under the headings of “Overview,” “Financial Condition and Liquidity” and annually in “Critical Accounting Estimates.” Discussion of these factors is incorporated by reference from Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of this document, and should be considered an integral part of Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” For additional information concerning factors that may cause actual results to vary materially from those stated in the forward-looking statements, see our reports on Form 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K filed with the SEC from time to time.

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

In the context of Item 3, 3M is exposed to market risk due to the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. Changes in those factors could impact the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. For a discussion of sensitivity analysis related to these types of market risks, refer to Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no material changes in information that would have been provided in the context of Item 3 from the end of the preceding year until March 31, 2017. However, the Company does provide risk management discussion in various places in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, primarily in the Derivatives note.

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures.

a. The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in the Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

b. There was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recently completed fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

The Company is implementing an enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system on a worldwide basis, which is expected to improve the efficiency of certain financial and related transaction processes. The gradual implementation is expected to occur in phases over the next several years. The implementation of a worldwide ERP system will likely affect the processes that constitute our internal control over financial reporting and will require testing for effectiveness.

The Company completed implementation with respect to elements of certain processes/sub-processes in limited subsidiaries/locations and will continue to roll out the ERP system over the next several years. As with any new information technology application we implement, this application, along with the internal controls over financial reporting included in this process, was appropriately considered within the testing for effectiveness with respect to the implementation in these instances. We concluded, as part of its evaluation described in the above paragraphs, that the implementation of the ERP system in these circumstances has not materially affected our internal control over financial reporting.

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3M COMPANY

FORM 10-Q

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2017

PART II.  Other Information

Item 1.  Legal Proceedings.

Discussion of legal matters is incorporated by reference from Part I, Item 1, Note 10, “Commitments and Contingencies” of this document, and should be considered an integral part of Part II, Item 1, “Legal Proceedings.”

Item 1A.  Risk Factors.

Provided below is a cautionary discussion of what we believe to be the most important risk factors applicable to the Company. Discussion of these factors is incorporated by reference into and considered an integral part of Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations.”

* Results are impacted by the effects of, and changes in, worldwide economic, political, and capital markets conditions. The Company operates in more than 70 countries and derives approximately 60 percent of its revenues from outside the United States. The Company’s business is subject to global competition and geopolitical risks and may be adversely affected by factors in the United States and other countries that are beyond its control, such as slower economic growth, disruptions in financial markets, economic downturns in the form of either contained or widespread recessionary conditions, inflation, elevated unemployment levels, sluggish or uneven recovery, government deficit reduction and other austerity measures in specific countries or regions, or in the various industries in which the Company operates; social, political or labor conditions in specific countries or regions; natural and other disasters or climate change affecting the operations of the Company or its customers and suppliers; or adverse changes in the availability and cost of capital, interest rates, tax rates, tax laws, or exchange control, ability to expatriate earnings and other regulations in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates.

* Change in the Company’s credit ratings could increase cost of funding. The Company’s credit ratings are important to 3M’s cost of capital. The major rating agencies routinely evaluate the Company’s credit profile and assign debt ratings to 3M. This evaluation is based on a number of factors, which include financial strength, business and financial risk, as well as transparency with rating agencies and timeliness of financial reporting. 3M currently has an AA- credit rating with a stable outlook from Standard & Poor’s and has an A1 credit rating with a stable outlook from Moody’s Investors Service. The Company’s credit ratings have served to lower 3M’s borrowing costs and facilitate access to a variety of lenders. The Company’s ongoing transition to a better-optimized capital structure, financed with additional low-cost debt, could impact 3M’s credit rating in the future. Failure to maintain strong investment grade ratings would adversely affect the Company’s cost of funding and could adversely affect liquidity and access to capital markets.

* The Company’s results are affected by competitive conditions and customer preferences. Demand for the Company’s products, which impacts revenue and profit margins, is affected by (i) the development and timing of the introduction of competitive products; (ii) the Company’s response to downward pricing to stay competitive; (iii) changes in customer order patterns, such as changes in the levels of inventory maintained by customers and the timing of customer purchases which may be affected by announced price changes, changes in the Company’s incentive programs, or the customer’s ability to achieve incentive goals; and (iv) changes in customers’ preferences for our products, including the success of products offered by our competitors, and changes in customer designs for their products that can affect the demand for some of the Company’s products.

* Foreign currency exchange rates and fluctuations in those rates may affect the Company’s ability to realize projected growth rates in its sales and earnings. Because the Company’s financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars and approximately 60 percent of the Company’s revenues are derived from outside the United States, the Company’s results of operations and its ability to realize projected growth rates in sales and earnings could be adversely affected if the U.S. dollar strengthens significantly against foreign currencies.

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* The Company’s growth objectives are largely dependent on the timing and market acceptance of its new product offerings, including its ability to continually renew its pipeline of new products and to bring those products to market. This ability may be adversely affected by difficulties or delays in product development, such as the inability to identify viable new products, obtain adequate intellectual property protection, or gain market acceptance of new products. There are no guarantees that new products will prove to be commercially successful.

* The Company’s future results are subject to fluctuations in the costs and availability of purchased components, compounds, raw materials and energy, including oil and natural gas and their derivatives, due to shortages, increased demand, supply interruptions, currency exchange risks, natural disasters and other factors. The Company depends on various components, compounds, raw materials, and energy (including oil and natural gas and their derivatives) supplied by others for the manufacturing of its products. It is possible that any of its supplier relationships could be interrupted due to natural and other disasters and other events, or be terminated in the future. Any sustained interruption in the Company’s receipt of adequate supplies could have a material adverse effect on the Company. In addition, while the Company has a process to minimize volatility in component and material pricing, no assurance can be given that the Company will be able to successfully manage price fluctuations or that future price fluctuations or shortages will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.

* Acquisitions, strategic alliances, divestitures, and other unusual events resulting from portfolio management actions and other evolving business strategies, and possible organizational restructuring could affect future results. The Company monitors its business portfolio and organizational structure and has made and may continue to make acquisitions, strategic alliances, divestitures and changes to its organizational structure. With respect to acquisitions, future results will be affected by the Company’s ability to integrate acquired businesses quickly and obtain the anticipated synergies.

* The Company’s future results may be affected if the Company generates fewer productivity improvements than estimated. The Company utilizes various tools, such as Lean Six Sigma, and engages in ongoing global business transformation. Business transformation is defined as changes in processes and internal/external service delivery across 3M to move to more efficient business models to improve operational efficiency and productivity, while allowing 3M to serve customers with greater speed and efficiency. This is enabled by the ongoing multi-year phased implementation of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system on a worldwide basis. There can be no assurance that all of the projected productivity improvements will be realized.

* The Company employs information technology systems to support its business, including ongoing phased implementation of an ERP system as part of business transformation on a worldwide basis over the next several years. Security breaches and other disruptions to the Company’s information technology infrastructure could interfere with the Company’s operations, compromise information belonging to the Company and its customers, suppliers, and employees, exposing the Company to liability which could adversely impact the Company’s business and reputation. In the ordinary course of business, the Company relies on information technology networks and systems, some of which are managed by third parties, to process, transmit and store electronic information, and to manage or support a variety of business processes and activities. Additionally, the Company collects and stores certain data, including proprietary business information, and may have access to confidential or personal information in certain of our businesses that is subject to privacy and security laws, regulations and customer-imposed controls. Despite our cybersecurity measures (including employee and third-party training, monitoring of networks and systems, and maintenance of backup and protective systems) which are continuously reviewed and upgraded, the Company’s information technology networks and infrastructure may still be vulnerable to damage, disruptions or shutdowns due to attack by hackers or breaches, employee error or malfeasance, power outages, computer viruses, telecommunication or utility failures, systems failures, service providers including cloud services, natural disasters or other catastrophic events. It is possible for such vulnerabilities to remain undetected for an extended period, up to and including several years. While we have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, these types of threats to the Company’s information technology networks and infrastructure, none of them to date has had a material impact to the Company. There may be other challenges and risks as the Company upgrades and standardizes its ERP system on a worldwide basis. Any such events could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability or penalties under privacy laws, disruption in operations, and damage to the Company’s reputation, which could adversely affect the Company’s business. Although the Company

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maintains insurance coverage for various cybersecurity risks, there can be no guarantee that all costs or losses incurred will be fully insured.

* The Company’s defined benefit pension and postretirement plans are subject to financial market risks that could adversely impact our results. The performance of financial markets and discount rates impact the Company’s funding obligations under its defined benefit plans. Significant changes in market interest rates, decreases in the fair value of plan assets and investment losses on plan assets, and relevant legislative or regulatory changes relating to defined benefit plan funding may increase the Company’s funding obligations and adversely impact its results of operations and cash flows.

* The Company’s future results may be affected by various legal and regulatory proceedings and legal compliance risks, including those involving product liability, antitrust, intellectual property, environmental, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other anti-bribery, anti-corruption, or other matters. The outcome of these legal proceedings may differ from the Company’s expectations because the outcomes of litigation, including regulatory matters, are often difficult to reliably predict. Various factors or developments can lead the Company to change current estimates of liabilities and related insurance receivables where applicable, or make such estimates for matters previously not susceptible of reasonable estimates, such as a significant judicial ruling or judgment, a significant settlement, significant regulatory developments or changes in applicable law. A future adverse ruling, settlement or unfavorable development could result in future charges that could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or cash flows in any particular period. For a more detailed discussion of the legal proceedings involving the Company and the associated accounting estimates, see the discussion in Note 10 “Commitments and Contingencies” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Repurchases of 3M common stock are made to support the Company’s stock-based employee compensation plans and for other corporate purposes. In February 2014, 3M’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $12 billion of 3M’s outstanding common stock, with no pre-established end date. In February 2016, 3M’s Board of Directors replaced the Company’s February 2014 repurchase program with a new program. This new program authorizes the repurchase of up to $10 billion of 3M’s outstanding common stock, with no pre-established end date.

Issuer Purchases of Equity

Securities (registered pursuant to

Section 12 of the Exchange Act)

					Maximum
					Approximate
					Dollar Value of
				Total Number of	Shares that May
				Shares Purchased	Yet Be Purchased
	Total Number of	Average Price		as Part of Publicly	under the Plans
	Shares Purchased	Paid per		Announced Plans	or Programs
Period	(1)	Share		or Programs (2)	(Millions)
January 1-31, 2017	1,245,580	$	177.61	1,245,347	$	6,835
February 1-28, 2017	1,038,362	$	182.41	1,037,719	$	6,645
March 1-31, 2017	1,168,893	$	190.75	1,168,893	$	6,422
Total January 1-March 31, 2017	3,452,835	$	183.50	3,451,959	$	6,422

(1) The total number of shares purchased includes: (i) shares purchased under the Board’s authorizations described above, and (ii) shares purchased in connection with the exercise of stock options.

(2) The total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs includes shares purchased under the Board’s authorizations described above.

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Item 3.  Defaults Upon Senior Securities. — No matters require disclosure.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures. Pursuant to Section 1503 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Act”), the Company is required to disclose, in connection with the mines it operates, information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters in its periodic reports filed with the SEC. The information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Act is included in Exhibit 95 to this quarterly report.

Item 5.  Other Information. — No matters require disclosure.

Item 6.  Exhibits.

Exhibits. These exhibits are either incorporated by reference into this report or filed herewith with this report. Exhibit numbers 10.1 through 10.31 are management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements.

72

Index to Exhibits:

(3)	Articles of Incorporation and bylaws
	(3.1)	Certificate of incorporation, as amended as of May 11, 2007, is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated May 14, 2007.
	(3.2)	Amended and Restated Bylaws, as adopted as of November 10, 2015, are incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated November 10, 2015.
(4)	Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including indentures:
	(4.1)	Indenture, dated as of November 17, 2000, between 3M and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee, with respect to 3M’s senior debt securities, is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated December 7, 2000.
	(4.2)	First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 29, 2011, to Indenture dated as of November 17, 2000, between 3M and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee, with respect to 3M’s senior debt securities, is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.
(10)	Material contracts and management compensation plans and arrangements:
	(10.1)	3M Company 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated May 12, 2016.
	(10.2)	Form of Stock Option Award Agreement under 3M Company 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated May 12, 2016.
	(10.3)	Form of Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement under 3M Company 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated May 12, 2016.
	(10.4)	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under 3M Company 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated May 12, 2016.
	(10.5)	Form of Performance Share Award Agreement under 3M Company 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated May 12, 2016.
	(10.6)	3M 2008 Long-Term Incentive Plan (including amendments through February 2, 2016) is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
	(10.7)	Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grants to Executive Officers under 3M 2008 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated May 13, 2008.
	(10.8)	Form of Stock Option Agreement for options granted to Executive Officers under the 3M 2008 Long-Term Incentive Plan, commencing February 9, 2010, is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
	(10.9)	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for restricted stock units granted to Executive Officers under the 3M Long-Term Incentive Plan, effective February 9, 2010, is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
	(10.10)	Form of 3M 2010 Performance Share Award under the 3M 2008 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated March 4, 2010.
	(10.11)	Form of Stock Option Agreement for U.S. Employees under 3M 2008 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
	(10.12)	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for U.S. Employees under 3M 2008 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
	(10.13)	3M 2005 Management Stock Ownership Program (including amendments through February 2, 2016) is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
	(10.14)	Form of award agreement for non-qualified stock options granted under the 2005 Management Stock Ownership Program, is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated May 16, 2005.
	(10.15)	Amended and Restated 3M VIP Excess Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
	(10.16)	Amended and Restated 3M VIP (Voluntary Investment Plan) Plus Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
	(10.17)	3M Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended through February 2008, is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated February 14, 2008.

73

(10.18)	Amendment of 3M Deferred Compensation Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated November 14, 2008.
(10.19)	3M Deferred Compensation Excess Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
(10.20)	3M Performance Awards Deferred Compensation Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
(10.21)	3M Executive Annual Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated May 14, 2007.
(10.22)	Description of changes to 3M Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated August 8, 2005.
(10.23)	3M Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, as amended, through November 8, 2004, is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
(10.24)	Amendment of 3M Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated November 14, 2008.
(10.25)	Amendment of 3M Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors as of August 12, 2013, is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013.
(10.26)	3M Executive Life Insurance Plan, as amended, is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.
(10.27)	Summary of Personal Financial Planning Services for 3M Executives is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.
(10.28)	3M policy on reimbursement of incentive payments is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
(10.29)	Amended and Restated 3M Nonqualified Pension Plan I is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
(10.30)	Amended and Restated 3M Nonqualified Pension Plan II is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
(10.31)	Amended and Restated 3M Nonqualified Pension Plan III is incorporated by reference from our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
(10.32)	Amended and restated five-year credit agreement as of March 9, 2016, is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated March 11, 2016.
(10.33)	Registration Rights Agreement as of August 4, 2009, between 3M Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company as Independent Fiduciary of the 3M Employee Retirement Income Plan, is incorporated by reference from our Form 8-K dated August 5, 2009.

74

Filed herewith, in addition to items, if any, specifically identified above:
	(12)	Calculation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges.
	(15)	A letter from the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.
	(31.1)	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
	(31.2)	Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
	(32.1)	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
	(32.2)	Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
	(95)	Mine Safety Disclosures.
	(101)	The following financial information from 3M Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2017, filed with the SEC on May 3, 2017, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Consolidated Statement of Income for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, (ii) the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, (iv) the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

75

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

3M COMPANY

(Registrant)

Date: May 3, 2017

	By	/s/ Nicholas C. Gangestad
		Nicholas C. Gangestad,
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Mr. Gangestad is the Principal Financial Officer and has
been duly authorized to sign on behalf of the Registrant.)

76

EX-12

EXHIBIT 12

3M COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CALCULATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

(Millions)

	Three months
	ended
	March 31,		Year		Year		Year		Year		Year
	2017		2016		2015		2014		2013		2012
EARNINGS
Income before income taxes	$	1,737	$	7,053	$	6,823	$	7,026	$	6,562	$	6,351
Add:
Interest expense (including amortization of capitalized interest)		50		219		171		164		166		191
Portion of rent under operating leases representative of the interest component		26		100		101		104		103		92
Less:
Equity in undistributed income of 20-50% owned companies		3		9		5		(1)		(1)		3
TOTAL EARNINGS AVAILABLE FOR FIXED CHARGES	$	1,810	$	7,363	$	7,090	$	7,295	$	6,832	$	6,631
FIXED CHARGES
Interest on debt (including capitalized interest)		48		208		162		159		166		194
Portion of rent under operating leases representative of the interest component		26		100		101		104		103		92
TOTAL FIXED CHARGES	$	74	$	308	$	263	$	263	$	269	$	286
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES		24.5		23.9		27.0		27.7		25.4		23.2

EX-15

EXHIBIT 15

May 3, 2017

Securities and Exchange Commission

100 F Street, N.E.

Washington, DC 20549

Commissioners:

We are aware that our report dated May 3, 2017 on our review of interim financial information of 3M Company and its subsidiaries for the three month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 and included in the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 is incorporated by reference in its Registration Statements on Form S-8 (Registration Nos. 333-30689, 333-30691, 333-44760, 333-73192, 333-101727, 333-109282, 333-128251, 333-130150, 333-151039, 333-156626, 333-156627, 333-166908, 333-174562, 333-181269, 333-181270 and 333-211431) and Form S-3 (Registration Nos. 333-216219, 33-48089, 333-42660, and 333-109211) dated May 3, 2017.

Very truly yours,

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Minneapolis, Minnesota

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

SARBANES-OXLEY SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION

I, Inge G. Thulin, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of 3M Company;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Inge G. Thulin

Inge G. Thulin

Chief Executive Officer

May 3, 2017

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

SARBANES-OXLEY SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION

I, Nicholas C. Gangestad, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of 3M Company;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Nicholas C. Gangestad

Nicholas C. Gangestad

Chief Financial Officer

May 3, 2017

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

SARBANES-OXLEY SECTION 906 CERTIFICATION

In connection with the Quarterly Report of 3M Company (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Inge G. Thulin, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Inge G. Thulin

Inge G. Thulin

Chief Executive Officer

May 3, 2017

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

SARBANES-OXLEY SECTION 906 CERTIFICATION

In connection with the Quarterly Report of 3M Company (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Nicholas C. Gangestad, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Nicholas C. Gangestad

Nicholas C. Gangestad

Chief Financial Officer

May 3, 2017

EX-95

EXHIBIT 95

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

For the first quarter of 2017, the Company has the following mine safety information to report in accordance with Section 1503(a) of the Act, in connection with the Pittsboro, North Carolina mine, the Little Rock, Arkansas mine, the Corona, California mine, and the Wausau, Wisconsin mine (including Greystone Plant):

										Received
									Received	Notice of
						Total Dollar Value			Notice of	Potential to			Aggregate
Mine or Operating			Section			of MSHA		Total Number	Pattern of	Have Pattern	Legal Actions	Aggregate	Legal Actions
Name/MSHA	Section 104	Section	104(d)	Section	Section	Assessments		of Mining	Violations	Under Section	Pending as of	Legal Actions	Resolved
Identification	S&S Citations	104(b)	Citations and	110(b)(2)	107(a)	Proposed		Related	Under Section	104(e)	Last Day of	Initiated During	During Period
Number	(#)	Orders (#)	Orders (#)	Violations (#)	Orders (#)	($)		Fatalities (#)	104(e) (yes/no)	(yes/no)	Period (#)	Period (#)	(#)
3M Pittsboro ID: 3102153	—	—	—	—	—	$	—	—	No	No	—
3M Little Rock ID: 0300426	—	—	—	—	—	$	—	—	No	No	—
3M Corona Plant ID: 0400191	2	—	—	—	—	$	—	—	No	No	—
Greystone Plant ID: 4700119	1	—	—	—	—	$	1,208	—	No	No	—
Wausau Plant ID: 4702918	1	—	—	—	—	$	3,873	—	No	No	—
Total	4	—	—	—	—	$	5,081	—			—	—	—

XML

Document and Entity Information	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 shares
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	3M Company
Trading Symbol	mmm
Entity Central Index Key	0000066740
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2017
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	597,239,576
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2017
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1

XML

Consolidated Statement of Income - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Consolidated Statement of Income
Net sales	$ 7,685	$ 7,409
Operating expenses
Cost of sales	3,869	3,678
Selling, general and administrative expenses	1,571	1,493
Research, development and related expenses	471	450
Total operating expenses	5,911	5,621
Operating income	1,774	1,788
Interest expense and income
Interest expense	45	47
Interest income	(8)	(5)
Total interest expense - net	37	42
Income before income taxes	1,737	1,746
Provision for income taxes	411	468
Net income including noncontrolling interest	1,326	1,278
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	3	3
Net income attributable to 3M	$ 1,323	$ 1,275
Weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	598.1	607.4
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders - basic (in dollars per share)	$ 2.21	$ 2.10
Weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	612.0	621.3
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders - diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 2.16	$ 2.05
Cash dividends paid per 3M common share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.175	$ 1.11

XML

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
Net income including noncontrolling interest	$ 1,326	$ 1,278
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment	292	138
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment	83	69
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)	(76)	(110)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	299	97
Comprehensive income (loss) including noncontrolling interest	1,625	1,375
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest	(6)	(2)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to 3M	$ 1,619	$ 1,373

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheet - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 2,173	$ 2,398
Marketable securities - current	141	280
Accounts receivable - net	4,722	4,392
Inventories
Finished goods	1,764	1,629
Work in process	1,078	1,039
Raw materials and supplies	770	717
Total inventories	3,612	3,385
Other current assets	1,253	1,271
Total current assets	11,901	11,726
Marketable securities - non-current	17	17
Investments	133	128
Property, plant and equipment	23,946	23,499
Less: Accumulated depreciation	(15,395)	(14,983)
Property, plant and equipment - net	8,551	8,516
Goodwill	9,258	9,166
Intangible assets - net	2,269	2,320
Prepaid pension benefits	61	52
Other assets	1,102	981
Total assets	33,292	32,906
Current liabilities
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt	909	972
Accounts payable	1,701	1,798
Accrued payroll	532	678
Accrued income taxes	433	299
Other current liabilities	2,420	2,472
Total current liabilities	5,995	6,219
Long-term debt	10,802	10,678
Pension and postretirement benefits	3,764	4,018
Other liabilities	1,691	1,648
Total liabilities	22,252	22,563
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
3M Company shareholders' equity:
Common stock par value, $.01 par value, 944,033,056 shares issued	9	9
Additional paid-in capital	5,189	5,061
Retained earnings	38,094	37,907
Treasury stock, at cost: 346,793,480 shares at March 31, 2017; 347,306,778 shares at December 31, 2016	(25,354)	(25,434)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(6,949)	(7,245)
Total 3M Company shareholders' equity	10,989	10,298
Noncontrolling interest	51	45
Total equity	11,040	10,343
Total liabilities and equity	$ 33,292	$ 32,906

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheet (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Common stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	944,033,056	944,033,056
Treasury stock (in shares)	346,793,480	347,306,778

XML

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income including noncontrolling interest	$ 1,326	$ 1,278
Adjustments to reconcile net income including noncontrolling interest to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	438	356
Company pension and postretirement contributions	(248)	(56)
Company pension and postretirement expense	81	59
Stock-based compensation expense	147	144
Deferred income taxes	(84)	(38)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable	(237)	(245)
Inventories	(149)	(37)
Accounts payable	(124)	(116)
Accrued income taxes (current and long-term)	225	334
Other - net	(387)	(419)
Net cash provided by operating activities	988	1,260
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (PP&E)	(287)	(314)
Proceeds from sale of PP&E and other assets	1	18
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(4)
Purchases of marketable securities and investments	(213)	(225)
Proceeds from maturities and sale of marketable securities and investments	351	164
Proceeds from sale of businesses	53	56
Other investing	5	25
Net cash used in investing activities	(90)	(280)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Change in short-term debt - net	(68)	138
Purchases of treasury stock	(690)	(1,227)
Proceeds from issuance of treasury stock pursuant to stock option and benefit plans	315	357
Dividends paid to shareholders	(702)	(672)
Other - net	(6)	(22)
Net cash used in financing activities	(1,151)	(1,426)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	28	(15)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(225)	(461)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	2,398	1,798
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 2,173	$ 1,337

XML

Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies

3M Company and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1.  Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The interim consolidated financial statements are unaudited but, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. These adjustments consist of normal, recurring items. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. The interim consolidated financial statements and notes are presented as permitted by the requirements for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes included in its 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. As described in Note 12, effective in the first quarter of 2017, the Company changed its business segment reporting in its continuing effort to improve the alignment of businesses around markets and customers. These changes included the integration of the former Renewable Energy Division into existing divisions, the combining of two divisions to form the Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division, and consolidation of U.S. customer account activity, impacting dual credit reporting. The Company began reporting comparative results under this new structure with the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In the second quarter of 2017, the Company plans to update its business segment disclosures in its 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K via a Current Report on Form 8-K to reflect these changes.

Foreign Currency Translation

Local currencies generally are considered the functional currencies outside the United States. Assets and liabilities for operations in local-currency environments are translated at month-end exchange rates of the period reported. Income and expense items are translated at month-end exchange rates of each applicable month. Cumulative translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity. 

3M has a subsidiary in Venezuela, the financial statements of which are remeasured as if its functional currency were that of its parent because Venezuela’s economic environment is considered highly inflationary. The operating income of this subsidiary represented less than 1.0 percent of 3M’s consolidated operating income for 2016. The Venezuelan government sets official rates of exchange and conditions precedent to purchase foreign currency at these rates with local currency. The government also operates various expanded secondary currency exchange mechanisms that have been eliminated and replaced from time to time. Such rates and conditions have been and continue to be subject to change. For the periods presented, the financial statements of 3M’s Venezuelan subsidiary were remeasured utilizing the rate associated with the secondary auction mechanism, Tipo de Cambio Complementario (DICOM), or its predecessor. During the same periods, the Venezuelan government’s official exchange was Tipo de Cambio Protegido (DIPRO), or its predecessor.

Note 1 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K provides additional information the Company considers in determining the exchange rate used relative to its Venezuelan subsidiary as well as factors which could lead to its deconsolidation. The Company continues to monitor these circumstances. Changes in applicable exchange rates or exchange mechanisms may continue in the future. These changes could impact the rate of exchange applicable to remeasure the Company’s net monetary assets (liabilities) denominated in Venezuelan Bolivars (VEF). As of March 31, 2017, the Company had a balance of net monetary assets denominated in VEF of less than 2 billion VEF and the DIPRO and DICOM exchange rates were approximately 10 VEF and 710 VEF per U.S. dollar, respectively. A need to deconsolidate the Company’s Venezuelan subsidiary’s operations may result from a lack of exchangeability of VEF-denominated cash coupled with an acute degradation in the ability to make key operational decisions due to government regulations in Venezuela. Based upon a review of factors as of March 31, 2017, the Company continues to consolidate its Venezuelan subsidiary. As of March 31, 2017, the balance of intercompany receivables due from this subsidiary and its equity balance were not significant.

Earnings Per Share

The difference in the weighted average 3M shares outstanding for calculating basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders is a result of the dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans. Certain options outstanding under these stock-based compensation plans were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders because they would not have had a dilutive effect (3.2 million average options for the three months ended March 31, 2017; 9.0 million average options for the three months ended March 31, 2016). The computations for basic and diluted earnings per share follow:

Earnings Per Share Computations

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)	2017		2016
Numerator:
Net income attributable to 3M	$	1,323	$	1,275
Denominator:
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – basic		598.1		607.4
Dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans		13.9		13.9
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – diluted		612.0		621.3
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders – basic	$	2.21	$	2.10
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders – diluted	$	2.16	$	2.05

New Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and in August 2015 issued ASU No. 2015-14, which amended the standard as to effective date. The ASU provides a single comprehensive model to be used in the accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The standard’s stated core principle is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle the ASU includes provisions within a five step model that includes identifying the contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations, and recognizing revenue when (or as) an entity satisfies a performance obligation. The standard also specifies the accounting for some costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer and requires expanded disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. During 2016, the FASB also issued ASU No. 2016-08, Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net); ASU No. 2016-10, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing; ASU No. 2016-12, Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, and ASU No. 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers which amend ASU No. 2014-09. These amendments include clarification of principal versus agent guidance in situations in which a revenue transaction involves a third party in providing goods or services to a customer. In such circumstances, an entity must determine whether the nature of its promise to the customer is to provide the underlying goods or services (i.e., the entity is the principal in the transaction) or to arrange for the third party to provide the underlying goods or services (i.e., the entity is the agent in the transaction). The amendments clarify, in terms of identifying performance obligations, how entities would determine whether promised goods or services are separately identifiable from other promises in a contract and, therefore, would be accounted for separately. The guidance allows entities to disregard goods or services that are immaterial in the context of a contract and provides an accounting policy election to account for shipping and handling activities as fulfillment costs rather than as additional promised services. With regard to the licensing, the amendments clarify how an entity would evaluate the nature of its promise in granting a license of intellectual property, which determines whether the entity recognizes revenue over time or at a point in time. The amendments also address implementation issues relative to transition (adding a practical expedient for contract modifications and clarifying what constitutes a completed contract when employing full or modified retrospective transition methods), collectability, noncash consideration, and the presentation of sales and other similar-type taxes (allowing entities to exclude sales-type taxes collected from transaction price). Finally, the amendments make certain technical corrections and provide additional guidance in the areas of disclosure of performance obligations, provisions for losses on certain types of contracts, scoping, and other areas. Overall, ASU No. 2014-09, as amended, provides for either full retrospective adoption or a modified retrospective adoption by which it is applied only to the most current period presented. For 3M, the ASU is effective January 1, 2018. The Company is continuing to evaluate the standard’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition. 3M has conducted initial analyses, developed project management relative to the process of adopting this ASU, and is currently completing detailed contract reviews to determine necessary adjustments to existing accounting policies and to support an evaluation of the standard’s impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition. For the majority of 3M’s revenue arrangements, no significant impacts are expected as these transactions are not accounted for under industry-specific guidance that will be superseded by the ASU and generally consist of a single performance obligation to transfer promised goods or services. However, in addition to expanded disclosures regarding revenue, the ASU could, for example, impact the timing of revenue recognition in some arrangements for which software industry-specific guidance (which the ASU supersedes) is presently utilized. The Company currently anticipates utilizing the modified retrospective method of adoption on January 1, 2018.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory, which modified previous requirements regarding measuring inventory at the lower of cost or market. Under previous standards, the market amount required consideration of replacement cost, net realizable value (NRV), and NRV less an approximately normal profit margin. The new ASU replaced market with NRV, defined as estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. This eliminated the need to determine and consider replacement cost or NRV less an approximately normal profit margin when measuring inventory. 3M adopted this standard prospectively beginning January 1, 2017. The adoption did not have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which revises the accounting related to (1) the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and (2) the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value. The ASU also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. The new guidance requires the fair value measurement of investments in equity securities and other ownership interests in an entity, including investments in partnerships, unincorporated joint ventures and limited liability companies (collectively, equity securities) that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method. Entities will need to measure these investments and recognize changes in fair value in net income. Entities will no longer be able to recognize unrealized holding gains and losses on equity securities they classify under current guidance as available for sale in other comprehensive income (OCI). They also will no longer be able to use the cost method of accounting for equity securities that do not have readily determinable fair values. Instead, for these types of equity investments that do not otherwise qualify for the net asset value practical expedient, entities will be permitted to elect a practicability exception and measure the investment at cost less impairment plus or minus observable price changes (in orderly transactions). The ASU also establishes an incremental recognition and disclosure requirement related to the presentation of fair value changes of financial liabilities for which the fair value option (FVO) has been elected. Under this guidance, an entity would be required to separately present in OCI the portion of the total fair value change attributable to instrument-specific credit risk as opposed to reflecting the entire amount in earnings. For derivative liabilities for which the FVO has been elected, however, any changes in fair value attributable to instrument-specific credit risk would continue to be presented in net income, which is consistent with current guidance. For 3M, this standard is effective beginning January 1, 2018 via a cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings, except for guidance relative to equity securities without readily determinable fair values which is applied prospectively. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition, however, 3M has historically held limited amounts of equity securities and cost method investments (less than $75 million in aggregate at March 31, 2017), and has not elected the FVO with respect to material financial liabilities.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, replacing existing lease accounting guidance. The new standard introduces a lessee model that would require entities to recognize assets and liabilities for most leases, but recognize expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current accounting. The ASU does not make fundamental changes to existing lessor accounting. However, it modifies what qualifies as a sales-type and direct financing lease and related accounting and aligns a number of the underlying principles with those of the new revenue standard, ASU No. 2014-09, such as evaluating how collectability should be considered and determining when profit can be recognized. The guidance eliminates existing real estate-specific provisions and requires expanded qualitative and quantitative disclosures. The standard requires modified retrospective transition by which it is applied at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the year of adoption. For 3M, the ASU is effective January 1, 2019. Information under existing lease guidance with respect to rent expense for operating leases and the Company’s minimum lease payments for capital and operating leases with non-cancelable terms in excess one year as of December 31, 2016 is included in Note 14 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-06, Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments. This ASU clarified guidance used to determine if debt instruments that contain contingent put or call options require separation of the embedded put or call feature from the debt instrument and trigger accounting for the feature as a derivative with changes in fair value recorded through income. Under the new guidance, fewer put or call options embedded in debt instruments require derivative accounting. For 3M, this ASU was effective January 1, 2017. The Company’s outstanding debt with embedded put provisions did not require separate derivative accounting under previous guidance. As a result, the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-07, Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting, which eliminated the previous requirement to apply the equity method of accounting retrospectively (revising prior periods as if the equity method had always been applied) when an entity obtained significant influence over a previously held investment. The new guidance requires the investor to apply the equity method prospectively from the date the investment qualifies for the equity method. The investor would add the carrying value of the existing investment to the cost of any additional investment to determine the initial cost basis of the equity method investment. For 3M, this ASU was effective January 1, 2017 on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. 3M will apply this guidance to investments that transition to the equity method after the adoption date.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which revises guidance for the accounting for credit losses on financial instruments within its scope. The new standard introduces an approach, based on expected losses, to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments and modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. The new approach to estimating credit losses (referred to as the current expected credit losses model) applies to most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade and other receivables, loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, net investments in leases and off-balance-sheet credit exposures. With respect to available-for-sale (AFS) debt securities, the ASU amends the current other-than-temporary impairment model. For such securities with unrealized losses, entities will still consider if a portion of any impairment is related only to credit losses and therefore recognized as a reduction in income. However, rather than also reflecting that credit loss amount as a permanent reduction in cost (amortized cost) basis of that AFS debt security, the ASU requires that credit losses be reflected as an allowance. As a result, under certain circumstances, a recovery in value could result in previous allowances, or portions thereof, reversing back into income. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Entities are required to apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which was intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The standard provided guidance in a number of situations including, among others, settlement of zero-coupon bonds, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, and distributions received from equity method investees. The ASU also provided guidance for classifying cash receipts and payments that have aspects of more than one class of cash flows. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted ASU No. 2016-15 as of January 1, 2017. Since the associated changes in classification were immaterial to all prior periods presented, no impact was reflected in the Company’s pre-2017 consolidated results of operations and financial condition presented.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, which modifies existing guidance and is intended to reduce diversity in practice with respect to the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets. The ASU indicates that the current exception to income tax accounting that requires companies to defer the income tax effects of certain intercompany transactions would apply only to intercompany inventory transactions. That is, the exception would no longer apply to intercompany sales and transfers of other assets (e.g., intangible assets). Under the existing exception, income tax expense associated with intra-entity profits in an intercompany sale or transfer of assets is eliminated from earnings. Instead, that cost is deferred and recorded on the balance sheet (e.g., as a prepaid asset) until the assets leave the consolidated group. Similarly, the entity is prohibited from recognizing deferred tax assets for the increases in tax bases due to the intercompany sale or transfer. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted as of January 1, 2017. The standard requires modified retrospective transition with a cumulative catch-up adjustment to opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. Upon adoption, a company would write off any income tax effects that had been deferred from past intercompany transactions involving non-inventory assets to opening retained earnings. In addition, an entity would record deferred tax assets with an offset to opening retained earnings for amounts that entity had previously not recognized under existing guidance but would recognize under the new guidance. While 3M could initiate additional relevant transactions prior to this ASU’s adoption date, based on deferred tax amounts related to applicable past intercompany transactions as of December 31, 2016, the Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-17, Interests Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control, which modified previous guidance with respect to how a decision maker that holds an indirect interest in a variable interest entity (VIE) through a common control party determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE as part of the analysis of whether the VIE would need to be consolidated. Under the ASU, a decision maker would need to consider only its proportionate indirect interest in the VIE held through a common control party. Previous guidance had required the decision maker to treat the common control party’s interest in the VIE as if the decision maker held the interest itself. As a result of the ASU, in certain cases, previous consolidation conclusions may change. For 3M, the standard was effective January 1, 2017 with retrospective application to January 1, 2016. 3M does not have significant involvement with entities subject to consolidation considerations impacted by VIE model factors. As a result, the adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Restricted Cash, which clarified guidance on the classification and presentation of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. Under the ASU, changes in restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents would be included along with those of cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. As a result, entities would no longer present transfers between cash/equivalents and restricted cash/equivalents in the statement of cash flows. In addition, a reconciliation between the balance sheet and the statement of cash flows would be disclosed when the balance sheet includes more than one line item for cash/equivalents and restricted cash/equivalents. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted ASU No. 2016-18 as of January 1, 2017. Due to the immaterial use of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, no impact was reflected in the Company’s pre-2017 consolidated results of operations and financial condition presented.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which narrows the existing definition of a business and provides a framework for evaluating whether a transaction should be accounted for as an acquisition (or disposal) of assets or a business. The ASU requires an entity to evaluate if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets; if so, the set of transferred assets and activities (collectively, the set) is not a business. To be considered a business, the set would need to include an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs. The standard also narrows the definition of outputs. The definition of a business affects areas of accounting such as acquisitions, disposals and goodwill. Under the new guidance, fewer acquired sets are expected to be considered businesses. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018 on a prospective basis with early adoption permitted. 3M would apply this guidance to applicable transactions after the adoption date.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. Under the new standard, goodwill impairment would be measured as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying value of goodwill. This ASU eliminates existing guidance that requires an entity to determine goodwill impairment by calculating the implied fair value of goodwill by hypothetically assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. For 3M, this ASU is effective prospectively to impairment tests beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. 3M currently plans to early adopt this ASU in the fourth quarter of 2017. 3M would apply this guidance to applicable impairment tests after the adoption date.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets. This ASU addresses scope-related questions that arose after the FASB issued its revenue guidance in ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The new standard clarifies the accounting for derecognition of nonfinancial assets and defines what is considered an in substance nonfinancial asset. Nonfinancial assets largely relate to items such as real estate, ships and intellectual property that do not constitute a business. The new ASU impacts entities derecognizing (e.g. selling) nonfinancial assets (or in substance nonfinancial assets), including partial interests therein, when the purchaser is not a customer. Under the new guidance, the seller would apply certain recognition and measurement principles of ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, even though the purchaser is not a customer. For 3M, this new standard is effective coincident with the Company’s January 1, 2018 adoption of ASU No. 2014-09. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. This ASU changes how employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement benefit plans present the net periodic benefit cost in the income statement. Under the new standard, only the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost would be included in operating expenses and only the service cost component would be eligible for capitalization into assets such as inventory. All other net periodic benefit costs components (such as interest, expected return on plan assets, prior service cost amortization and actuarial gain/loss amortization) would essentially be reported outside of operating income. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018 on a retrospective basis; however, guidance limiting the capitalization to only the service cost component is applied on prospective basis. The components of 3M’s net periodic defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit costs are presented in Note 7. These include components totaling a benefit of $32 million and $52 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, that would no longer be included within operating expenses and instead would be reported outside of income from operations under the new standard.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities, which amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. Under existing standards, entities generally amortize the premium as an adjustment of yield over the contractual life of the instrument. The new guidance shortens the amortization period to the earliest call date for certain callable debt securities that have explicit, noncontingent call features and are callable at a fixed price and preset date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2019 with a modified retrospective transition resulting in a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. Early adoption is permitted. 3M’s marketable security portfolio includes very limited instances of callable debt securities held at a premium. As a result, the Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition. 

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Acquisitions and Divestitures

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Acquisitions and Divestitures

Acquisitions and Divestitures

NOTE 2.  Acquisitions and Divestitures

Acquisitions:

3M makes acquisitions of certain businesses from time to time that are aligned with its strategic intent with respect to, among other factors, growth markets and adjacent product lines or technologies.

There were no business combinations that closed during the three months ended March 31, 2017.

In March 2017, 3M (Safety and Graphics Business) announced that it entered into an agreement to acquire Scott Safety, which is headquartered in Monroe, North Carolina, from Johnson Controls for $2.0 billion, subject to closing and other adjustments. Scott Safety is a premier manufacturer of innovative products, including self-contained breathing apparatus systems, gas and flame detection instruments, and other safety devices that complement 3M’s personal safety portfolio. The business had revenues of approximately $570 million in 2016. The transaction is expected to close in the second half of 2017, subject to customary closing conditions, regulatory approvals, and information or consultation requirements with relevant works councils.

Divestitures:

3M may divest certain businesses from time to time based upon reviews of the Company’s portfolio considering, among other items, factors relative to the extent of strategic and technological alignment and optimization of capital deployment, in addition to considering if selling the businesses results in the greatest value creation for the Company and for shareholders.

In January 2017, 3M (Safety and Graphics Business) sold the assets of its safety prescription eyewear business, with annual sales of approximately $45 million, to HOYA Vision Care. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain of $29 million in the first quarter of 2017 as a result of this sale (recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses).

In December 2016, 3M (Safety and Graphics Business) agreed to sell its identity management business to Gemalto N.V. for $850 million, subject to closing and other adjustments. In May 2017, 3M completed the related sale or transfer of control, as applicable. This business, with 2016 sales of approximately $205 million, is a leading provider in identity management solutions, including biometric hardware and software that enable identity verification and authentication, as well as secure materials and document readers. The Company expects a pre-tax gain of approximately $470 million as a result of this divestiture.

The aggregate operating income of these two businesses was less than $20 million in each of 2016 and 2015. The approximate amounts of major assets and liabilities associated with disposal groups classified as held-for-sale as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 included the following:

	March 31,		December 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Accounts receivable	$	25	$	25
Property, plant and equipment (net)		20		25
Intangible assets		25		35
Deferred revenue (other current liabilities)		30		35

In addition, approximately $250 million and $270 million of goodwill was estimated to be attributable to disposal groups classified as held-for-sale as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, based upon relative fair value. The amounts above have not been segregated and are classified within the existing corresponding line items on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

Refer to Note 2 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on 3M’s acquisitions and divestitures.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

NOTE 3.  Goodwill and Intangible Assets

There were no acquisitions that closed during the first three months of 2017. The amounts in the “Translation and other” column in the following table primarily relate to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The goodwill balances by business segment as of December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2017, follow:

Goodwill

	December 31, 2016		Acquisition		Translation		March 31, 2017
(Millions)	Balance		activity		and other		Balance
Industrial	$	2,536	$	—	$	41	$	2,577
Safety and Graphics		3,324		—		20		3,344
Health Care		1,609		—		18		1,627
Electronics and Energy		1,489		—		13		1,502
Consumer		208		—		—		208
Total Company	$	9,166	$	—	$	92	$	9,258

Accounting standards require that goodwill be tested for impairment annually and between annual tests in certain circumstances such as a change in reporting units or the testing of recoverability of a significant asset group within a reporting unit. At 3M, reporting units generally correspond to a division.

As described in Note 12, effective in the first quarter of 2017, the Company changed its business segment reporting in its continuing effort to improve the alignment of its businesses around markets and customers. For any product changes that resulted in reporting unit changes, the Company applied the relative fair value method to determine the impact on goodwill of the associated reporting units. During the first quarter of 2017, the Company completed its assessment of any potential goodwill impairment for reporting units impacted by this new structure and determined that no impairment existed.

Acquired Intangible Assets

The carrying amount and accumulated amortization of acquired finite-lived intangible assets, in addition to the balance of non-amortizable intangible assets, as of March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, follow:

	March 31,		December 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Customer related intangible assets	$	1,935	$	1,939
Patents		604		602
Other technology-based intangible assets		527		524
Definite-lived tradenames		417		420
Other amortizable intangible assets		213		211
Total gross carrying amount	$	3,696	$	3,696
Accumulated amortization — customer related		(824)		(797)
Accumulated amortization — patents		(506)		(497)
Accumulated amortization — other technology based		(315)		(302)
Accumulated amortization — definite-lived tradenames		(239)		(236)
Accumulated amortization — other		(176)		(173)
Total accumulated amortization	$	(2,060)	$	(2,005)
Total finite-lived intangible assets — net	$	1,636	$	1,691
Non-amortizable intangible assets (primarily tradenames)		633		629
Total intangible assets — net	$	2,269	$	2,320

Certain tradenames acquired by 3M are not amortized because they have been in existence for over 55 years, have a history of leading-market share positions, have been and are intended to be continuously renewed, and the associated products of which are expected to generate cash flows for 3M for an indefinite period of time.

Amortization expense for acquired intangible assets for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 follows:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Amortization expense	$	64	$	66

Expected amortization expense for acquired amortizable intangible assets recorded as of March 31, 2017:

	Remainder
	of												After
(Millions)	2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2022
Amortization expense	$	183	$	195	$	186	$	177	$	161	$	146	$	588

The preceding expected amortization expense is an estimate. Actual amounts of amortization expense may differ from estimated amounts due to additional intangible asset acquisitions, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, impairment of intangible assets, accelerated amortization of intangible assets and other events. 3M expenses the costs incurred to renew or extend the term of intangible assets.

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Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information

Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information

NOTE 4.  Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

Three months ended March 31, 2017

			3M Company Shareholders
			Common						Accumulated
			Stock and						Other
			Additional						Comprehensive		Non-
			Paid-in		Retained		Treasury		Income		controlling
(Millions)	Total		Capital		Earnings		Stock		(Loss)		Interest
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	10,343	$	5,070	$	37,907	$	(25,434)	$	(7,245)	$	45
Net income		1,326				1,323						3
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment		292								289		3
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans adjustment		83								83		—
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)		(76)								(76)		—
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		299
Dividends declared		(702)				(702)
Stock-based compensation		128		128
Reacquired stock		(678)						(678)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans		324				(434)		758
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	11,040	$	5,198	$	38,094	$	(25,354)	$	(6,949)	$	51

Three months ended March 31, 2016

			3M Company Shareholders
			Common						Accumulated
			Stock and						Other
			Additional						Comprehensive		Non-
			Paid-in		Retained		Treasury		Income		controlling
(Millions)	Total		Capital		Earnings		Stock		(Loss)		Interest
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	11,468	$	4,800	$	36,296	$	(23,308)	$	(6,359)	$	39
Net income		1,278				1,275						3
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment		138								139		(1)
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans adjustment		69								69		—
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)		(110)								(110)		—
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		97
Dividends declared		(672)				(672)
Stock-based compensation		125		125
Reacquired stock		(1,163)						(1,163)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans		362				(393)		755
Balance at March 31, 2016	$	11,495	$	4,925	$	36,506	$	(23,716)	$	(6,261)	$	41

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to 3M by Component

Three months ended March 31, 2017

							Total
			Defined Benefit		Cash Flow		Accumulated
			Pension and		Hedging		Other
	Cumulative		Postretirement		Instruments,		Comprehensive
	Translation		Plans		Unrealized		Income
(Millions)	Adjustment		Adjustment		Gain (Loss)		(Loss)
Balance at December 31, 2016, net of tax:	$	(2,008)	$	(5,328)	$	91	$	(7,245)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications		226		—		(101)		125
Amounts reclassified out		—		119		(18)		101
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax		226		119		(119)		226
Tax effect		63		(36)		43		70
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		289		83		(76)		296
Balance at March 31, 2017, net of tax:	$	(1,719)	$	(5,245)	$	15	$	(6,949)

Three months ended March 31, 2016

							Total
			Defined Benefit		Cash Flow		Accumulated
			Pension and		Hedging		Other
	Cumulative		Postretirement		Instruments,		Comprehensive
	Translation		Plans		Unrealized		Income
(Millions)	Adjustment		Adjustment		Gain (Loss)		(Loss)
Balance at December 31, 2015, net of tax:	$	(1,679)	$	(4,804)	$	124	$	(6,359)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications		60		—		(121)		(61)
Amounts reclassified out		—		103		(52)		51
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax		60		103		(173)		(10)
Tax effect		79		(34)		63		108
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		139		69		(110)		98
Balance at March 31, 2016, net of tax:	$	(1,540)	$	(4,735)	$	14	$	(6,261)

Income taxes are not provided for foreign translation relating to permanent investments in international subsidiaries, but tax effects within cumulative translation does include impacts from items such as net investment hedge transactions. Reclassification adjustments are made to avoid double counting in comprehensive income items that are also recorded as part of net income.

Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Attributable to 3M

	Amount Reclassified from
Details about Accumulated Other	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive Income Components	Three months ended March 31,				Location on Income
(Millions)	2017		2016		Statement
Gains (losses) associated with, defined benefit pension and postretirement plans amortization
Transition asset	$	—	$	—	See Note 7
Prior service benefit		22		23	See Note 7
Net actuarial loss		(141)		(126)	See Note 7
Total before tax		(119)		(103)
Tax effect		36		34	Provision for income taxes
Net of tax	$	(83)	$	(69)
Cash flow hedging instruments gains (losses)
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	18	$	53	Cost of sales
Interest rate swap contracts		—		(1)	Interest expense
Total before tax		18		52
Tax effect		(6)		(18)	Provision for income taxes
Net of tax	$	12	$	34
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(71)	$	(35)

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Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

NOTE 5.  Income Taxes

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2005.

The IRS has completed its field examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for the years 2005 through 2014. The Company protested certain IRS positions within these tax years and entered into the administrative appeals process with the IRS. In December 2012, the Company received a statutory notice of deficiency for the 2006 year. The Company filed a petition in Tax Court in the first quarter of 2013 relating to the 2006 tax year.

Currently, the Company is under examination by the IRS for its U.S. federal income tax returns for the years 2015, 2016, and 2017. It is anticipated that the IRS will complete its examination of the Company for 2015 by the end of the fourth

quarter of 2017, for 2016 by the end of the first quarter of 2018, and for 2017 by the end of the first quarter of 2019. As of March 31, 2017, the IRS has not proposed any significant adjustments to the Company’s tax positions for which the Company is not adequately reserved.

Payments relating to other proposed assessments arising from the 2005 through 2017 examinations may not be made until a final agreement is reached between the Company and the IRS on such assessments or upon a final resolution resulting from the administrative appeals process or judicial action. In addition to the U.S. federal examination, there is also audit activity in several U.S. state and foreign jurisdictions.

3M anticipates changes to the Company’s uncertain tax positions due to the closing and resolution of audit issues for various audit years mentioned above and closure of statutes. Currently, the Company is estimating a decrease in unrecognized tax benefits during the next 12 months as a result of anticipated resolutions of audit issues. The total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are $348 million and $333 million, respectively.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expense. The Company recognized in the consolidated statement of income on a gross basis approximately $3 million of expense and $4 million of benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, respectively. At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, accrued interest and penalties in the consolidated balance sheet on a gross basis were $55 million and $52 million, respectively. Included in these interest and penalty amounts are interest and penalties related to tax positions for which the ultimate deductibility is highly certain but for which there is uncertainty about the timing of such deductibility. Because of the impact of deferred tax accounting, other than interest and penalties, the disallowance of the shorter deductibility period would not affect the annual effective tax rate but would accelerate the payment of cash to the taxing authority to an earlier period.

The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2017 was 23.7 percent, compared to 26.8 percent in the first quarter of 2016, a decrease of 3.1 percentage points. Primary factors that decreased the Company’s effective tax rate on a combined basis by 3.6 percentage points for the first three months of 2017 when compared to the same period for 2016 included an increase in excess tax benefits related to employee share-based payments, international taxes that were impacted by changes to the geographic mix of income before taxes and prior year cash optimization actions, and other items. This decrease was partially offset by a 0.5 percentage point year-on-year increase related to remeasurements of 3M’s uncertain tax positions.

The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach. Under this approach, deferred income taxes represent the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax basis of assets and liabilities. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets when uncertainty regarding their realizability exits. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had valuation allowances of $51 million and $47 million on its deferred tax assets, respectively.

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Marketable Securities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Marketable Securities

Marketable Securities

NOTE 6.  Marketable Securities

The Company invests in asset-backed securities, certificates of deposit/time deposits, commercial paper, and other securities. The following is a summary of amounts recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for marketable securities (current and non-current).

	March 31,		December 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Corporate debt securities	$	10	$	10
Commercial paper		1		14
Certificates of deposit/time deposits		89		197
U.S. municipal securities		3		3
Asset-backed securities:
Automobile loan related		29		31
Credit card related		9		18
Other		—		7
Asset-backed securities total		38		56
Current marketable securities	$	141	$	280
U.S. municipal securities	$	17	$	17
Non-current marketable securities	$	17	$	17
Total marketable securities	$	158	$	297

Classification of marketable securities as current or non-current is based on the nature of the securities and availability for use in current operations. At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, gross unrealized gains and/or losses (pre-tax) were not material. The gross amounts of the realized gains or losses were not material. Cost of securities sold use the first in, first out (FIFO) method. Since these marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale securities, changes in fair value will flow through other comprehensive income, with amounts reclassified out of other comprehensive income into earnings upon sale or “other-than-temporary” impairment.

3M reviews impairments associated with its marketable securities in accordance with the measurement guidance provided by ASC 320, Investments-Debt and Equity Securities, when determining the classification of the impairment as “temporary” or “other-than-temporary”. A temporary impairment charge results in an unrealized loss being recorded in the other comprehensive income component of shareholders’ equity. Such an unrealized loss does not reduce net income attributable to 3M for the applicable accounting period because the loss is not viewed as other-than-temporary. The factors evaluated to differentiate between temporary and other-than-temporary include the projected future cash flows, credit ratings actions, and assessment of the credit quality of the underlying collateral, as well as other factors.

The balances at March 31, 2017 for marketable securities by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties.

(Millions)	March 31, 2017
Due in one year or less	$	95
Due after one year through five years		59
Due after five years through ten years		4
Total marketable securities	$	158

3M has a diversified marketable securities portfolio. Within this portfolio, asset-backed securities primarily include interests in automobile loans, credit cards and other asset-backed securities. 3M’s investment policy allows investments in asset-backed securities with minimum credit ratings of Aa2 by Moody’s Investors Service or AA by Standard & Poor’s or Fitch Ratings or DBRS. Asset-backed securities must be rated by at least two of the aforementioned rating agencies, one of which must be Moody’s Investors Service or Standard & Poor’s. At March 31, 2017, all asset-backed security investments were in compliance with this policy. Approximately 77.4 percent of all asset-backed security investments were rated AAA or A-1+ by Standard & Poor’s and/or Aaa or P-1 by Moody’s Investors Service and/or AAA or F1+ by Fitch Ratings. Interest rate risk and credit risk related to the underlying collateral may impact the value of investments in asset-backed securities, while factors such as general conditions in the overall credit market and the nature of the underlying collateral may affect the liquidity of investments in asset-backed securities. 3M does not currently expect risk related to its holding in asset-backed securities to materially impact its financial condition or liquidity.

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Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

NOTE 7.  Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

Net periodic benefit cost is recorded in cost of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses, and research, development and related expenses. Components of net periodic benefit cost and other supplemental information for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 follow:

Benefit Plan Information

	Three months ended March 31,
	Qualified and Non-qualified
	Pension Benefits								Postretirement
	United States				International				Benefits
(Millions)	2017		2016		2017		2016		2017		2016
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
Service cost	$	67	$	65	$	33	$	33	$	13	$	13
Interest cost		142		143		37		43		19		20
Expected return on plan assets		(259)		(260)		(69)		(78)		(21)		(23)
Amortization of transition (asset) obligation		—		—		—		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)		(6)		(6)		(3)		(3)		(13)		(14)
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss		97		88		30		22		14		16
Settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other	$	41	$	30	$	28	$	17	$	12	$	12

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, contributions totaling $247 million were made to the Company’s U.S. and international pension plans and $1 million to its postretirement plans. For total year 2017, the Company expects to contribute approximately $300 million to $500 million of cash to its global defined benefit pension and postretirement plans. The Company does not have a required minimum cash pension contribution obligation for its U.S. plans in 2017. Future contributions will depend on market conditions, interest rates and other factors. 3M’s annual measurement date for pension and postretirement assets and liabilities is December 31 each year, which is also the date used for the related annual measurement assumptions.

3M was informed during the first quarter of 2009, that the general partners of WG Trading Company, in which 3M’s benefit plans hold limited partnership interests, are the subject of a criminal investigation as well as civil proceedings by the SEC and CFTC (Commodity Futures Trading Commission). In March 2011, over the objections of 3M and six other limited partners of WG Trading Company, the district court judge ruled in favor of the court appointed receiver’s proposed distribution plan (and in April 2013, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed the district court’s ruling). The benefit plan trustee holdings of WG Trading Company interests were adjusted to reflect the decreased estimated fair market value, inclusive of estimated insurance proceeds, as of the annual measurement dates. The Company has insurance that it believes, based on what is currently known, will result in the probable recovery of a portion of the decrease in original asset value. In the first quarter of 2014, 3M and certain 3M benefit plans filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota against five insurers seeking insurance coverage for the WG Trading Company claim. In September 2015, the court ruled in favor of the defendant insurance companies on a motion for summary judgment and dismissed the lawsuit. In October 2015, 3M and the 3M benefit plans filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. As of the 2016 measurement date, these holdings represented less than one half of one percent of 3M’s fair value of total plan assets. 3M currently believes that the resolution of these events will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position of the Company.

As part of a diversified investment strategy, the U.S. pension and postretirement benefit plans made investments in the natural gas fired power generation industry during the period 2011 through 2013. In April 2017, one of these entities, Panda Temple Power, LLC, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. This investment represented less than one percent of the fair value of the U.S. pension and postretirement plans’ assets as of their 2016 measurement date.

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Derivatives

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Derivatives

Derivatives

NOTE 8.  Derivatives

The Company uses interest rate swaps, currency swaps, commodity price swaps, and forward and option contracts to manage risks generally associated with foreign exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations. The information that follows explains the various types of derivatives and financial instruments used by 3M, how and why 3M uses such instruments, how such instruments are accounted for, and how such instruments impact 3M’s financial position and performance.

Additional information with respect to the impacts on other comprehensive income of nonderivative hedging and derivative instruments is included in Note 4. Additional information with respect to the fair value of derivative instruments is included in Note 9. References to information regarding derivatives and/or hedging instruments associated with the Company’s long-term debt are also made in Note 10 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Types of Derivatives/Hedging Instruments and Inclusion in Income/Other Comprehensive Income

Cash Flow Hedges:

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current earnings.

Cash Flow Hedging - Foreign Currency Forward and Option Contracts: The Company enters into foreign exchange forward and option contracts to hedge against the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash flows denominated in foreign currencies. These transactions are designated as cash flow hedges. The settlement or extension of these derivatives will result in reclassifications (from accumulated other comprehensive income) to earnings in the period during which the hedged transactions affect earnings. 3M may dedesignate these cash flow hedge relationships in advance of the occurrence of the forecasted transaction. The portion of gains or losses on the derivative instrument previously accumulated in other comprehensive income for dedesignated hedges remains in accumulated other comprehensive income until the forecasted transaction occurs. Changes in the value of derivative instruments after dedesignation are recorded in earnings and are included in the Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments section below. The maximum length of time over which 3M hedges its exposure to the variability in future cash flows of the forecasted transactions is 36 months.

Cash Flow Hedging — Interest Rate Contracts: The Company may use forward starting interest rate contracts to hedge exposure to variability in cash flows from interest payments on forecasted debt issuances. The amortization of gains and losses on forward starting interest rate swaps is included in the tables below as part of the gain/(loss) recognized in income on the effective portion of derivatives as a result of reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income. Additional information regarding previously issued and terminated interest rate contracts can be found in Note 12 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

In the first six months of 2016, the Company entered into a forward starting interest rate swaps that expired in December 2016 with an aggregate notional amount of $300 million as a hedge against interest rate volatility associated with a forecasted issuance of fixed rate debt. Upon issuance of medium-term notes in September 2016, 3M terminated these interest rate swaps. The termination resulted in an immaterial loss within accumulated other comprehensive income that will be amortized over the respective lives of the debt.

In the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company entered into forward starting interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $200 million as a hedge against interest rate volatility associated with a forecasted issuance of fixed rate debt. In the first quarter of 2017, the Company entered into forward starting interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $200 million as a hedge against interest rate volatility associated with a forecasted issuance of fixed rate debt.

The amortization of gains and losses on forward starting interest rate swaps is included in the tables below as part of the  gain/(loss) recognized in income on the effective portion of derivatives as a result of reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had a balance of $15 million associated with the after-tax net unrealized gain associated with cash flow hedging instruments recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. This includes a remaining balance of $5 million (after tax loss)  related to the forward starting interest rate swaps, which will be amortized over the respective lives of the debt.  Based on exchange rates as of March 31, 2017, 3M expects to reclassify approximately $13 million of the after-tax net unrealized foreign exchange cash flow hedging gains to earnings over the remainder of 2017, approximately $2 million of the after-tax net unrealized foreign exchange cash flow hedging gains to earnings in 2018, and an immaterial amount of after-tax net unrealized foreign exchange cash flow hedging losses to earnings after 2018 (with the impact offset by earnings/losses from underlying hedged items). 3M expects to reclassify approximately $9 million of the after-tax net unrealized foreign exchange cash flow hedging gains to earnings over the next 12 months.

The location in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges are provided in the following table.

			Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in
	Pretax Gain (Loss)		Income on Effective Portion of			Ineffective Portion of Gain
	Recognized in Other		Derivative as a Result of			(Loss) on Derivative and
	Comprehensive		Reclassification from			Amount Excluded from
	Income on Effective		Accumulated Other			Effectiveness Testing
Three months ended March 31, 2017	Portion of Derivative		Comprehensive Income			Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	(100)	Cost of sales	$	18	Cost of sales	$	—
Interest rate swap contracts		(1)	Interest expense		—	Interest expense		—
Total	$	(101)		$	18		$	—

Three months ended March 31, 2016	Portion of Derivative		Comprehensive Income			Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	(120)	Cost of sales	$	53	Cost of sales	$	—
Interest rate swap contracts		(1)	Interest expense		(1)	Interest expense		—
Total	$	(121)		$	52		$	—

Fair Value Hedges:

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivatives as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings.

Fair Value Hedging - Interest Rate Swaps: The Company manages interest expense using a mix of fixed and floating rate debt. To help manage borrowing costs, the Company may enter into interest rate swaps. Under these arrangements, the Company agrees to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed and floating interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal amount. The mark-to-market of these fair value hedges is recorded as gains or losses in interest expense and is offset by the gain or loss of the underlying debt instrument, which also is recorded in interest expense. These fair value hedges are highly effective and, thus, there is no impact on earnings due to hedge ineffectiveness. Additional information regarding designated interest rate swaps can be found in Note 12 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The location in the consolidated statements of income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges and similar information relative to the hedged items are as follows: 

	Gain (Loss) on Derivative			Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item
Three months ended March 31, 2017	Recognized in Income			Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Interest rate swap contracts	Interest expense	$	(5)	Interest expense	$	5
Total		$	(5)		$	5

Three months ended March 31, 2016
(Millions)	Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Interest rate swap contracts	Interest expense	$	29	Interest expense	$	(29)
Total		$	29		$	(29)

Net Investment Hedges:

The Company may use non-derivative (foreign currency denominated debt) and derivative (foreign exchange forward contracts) instruments to hedge portions of the Company’s investment in foreign subsidiaries and manage foreign exchange risk. For instruments that are designated and qualify as hedges of net investments in foreign operations and that meet the effectiveness requirements, the net gains or losses attributable to changes in spot exchange rates are recorded in cumulative translation within other comprehensive income. The remainder of the change in value of such instruments is recorded in earnings. Recognition in earnings of amounts previously recorded in cumulative translation is limited to circumstances such as complete or substantially complete liquidation of the net investment in the hedged foreign operation. To the extent foreign currency denominated debt is not designated in or is dedesignated from a net investment hedge relationship, changes in value of that portion of foreign currency denominated debt due to exchange rate changes are recorded in earnings through their maturity date.

3M’s use of foreign exchange forward contracts designated in hedges of the Company’s net investment in foreign subsidiaries can vary by time period depending on when foreign currency denominated debt balances designated in such relationships are dedesignated, matured, or are newly issued and designated. Additionally, variation can occur in connection with the extent of the Company’s desired foreign exchange risk coverage.

At March 31, 2017, the total notional amount of foreign exchange forward contracts designated in net investment hedges was approximately 150 million Euros and approximately 248 billion South Korean Won, along with a principal amount of long-term debt instruments designated in net investment hedges totaling 4.4 billion Euros. The maturity dates of these derivative and nonderivative instruments designated in net investment hedges range from 2017 to 2031.

The location in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative and nonderivative instruments designated as net investment hedges are as follows. There were no reclassifications of the effective portion of net investment hedges out of accumulated other comprehensive income into income for the periods presented in the table below.

	Pretax Gain (Loss)
	Recognized as
	Cumulative Translation
	within Other		Ineffective Portion of Gain (Loss) on
	Comprehensive Income		Instrument and Amount Excluded
	on Effective Portion of		from Effectiveness Testing
Three months ended March 31, 2017	Instrument		Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency denominated debt	$	(121)	N/A	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts		(20)	Cost of sales		2
Total	$	(141)		$	2

Three months ended March 31, 2016	Comprehenive Income		Instrument and Amount Excluded
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency denominated debt	$	(144)	N/A	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts		(43)	Cost of sales		(2)
Total	$	(187)		$	(2)

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:

3M enters into foreign exchange forward contracts that are not designated in hedge relationships to offset, in part, the impacts of certain intercompany transactions and to further mitigate short-term currency impacts. In addition, the Company enters into commodity price swaps to offset, in part, fluctuations in costs associated with the use of certain precious metals. These derivative instruments are not designated in hedging relationships; therefore, fair value gains and losses on these contracts are recorded in earnings. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.

The Company revised amounts previously presented in the table below for the gain (loss) on derivatives recognized in income for the three months ended March 31, 2016 relative to foreign currency forward contracts. This immaterial correction increased the previously presented amount of the loss recognized in income in the disclosure table below by $58 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. This revision had no impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

The location in the consolidated statements of income and amounts of gains and losses related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments are as follows:

	Three months ended March 31, 2017
	Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in
	Income
(Millions)	Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	Cost of sales	$	(1)
Foreign currency forward contracts	Interest expense		42
Total		$	41

	Three months ended March 31, 2016
	Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in
	Income
(Millions)	Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	Cost of sales	$	(5)
Foreign currency forward contracts	Interest expense		(65)
Total		$	(70)

Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments

The following tables summarize the fair value of 3M’s derivative instruments, excluding nonderivative instruments used as hedging instruments, and their location in the consolidated balance sheet. Notional amounts below are presented at period end foreign exchange rates, except interest rate swaps, which are presented using the contract inception date’s foreign exchange rate. Additional information with respect to the fair value of derivative instruments is included in Note 9.

	Gross		Assets			Liabilities
March 31, 2017	Notional			Fair			Fair
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Value Amount		Location	Value Amount
Derivatives designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	2,150	Other current assets	$	42	Other current liabilities	$	37
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		1,470	Other assets		57	Other liabilities		12
Interest rate swap contracts		400	Other current assets		2	Other current liabilities		1
Interest rate swap contracts		1,753	Other assets		22	Other liabilities		4
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments				$	123		$	54
Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	6,293	Other current assets	$	52	Other current liabilities	$	29
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments				$	52		$	29
Total derivative instruments				$	175		$	83

	Gross		Assets			Liabilities
December 31, 2016	Notional			Fair			Fair
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Value Amount		Location	Value Amount
Derivatives designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	2,160	Other current assets	$	107	Other current liabilities	$	9
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		1,459	Other assets		86	Other liabilities		3
Interest rate swap contracts		1,953	Other assets		25	Other current liabilities		1
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments				$	218		$	13
Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	5,655	Other current assets	$	41	Other current liabilities	$	82
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments				$	41		$	82
Total derivative instruments				$	259		$	95

Credit Risk and Offsetting of Assets and Liabilities of Derivative Instruments

The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by counterparties in interest rate swaps, currency swaps, commodity price swaps, and forward and option contracts. However, the Company’s risk is limited to the fair value of the instruments. The Company actively monitors its exposure to credit risk through the use of credit approvals and credit limits, and by selecting major international banks and financial institutions as counterparties. 3M enters into master netting arrangements with counterparties when possible to mitigate credit risk in derivative transactions. A master netting arrangement may allow each counterparty to net settle amounts owed between a 3M entity and the counterparty as a result of multiple, separate derivative transactions. As of March 31, 2017, 3M has International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) agreements with 16 applicable banks and financial institutions which contain netting provisions. In addition to a master agreement with 3M supported by a primary counterparty’s parent guarantee, 3M also has associated credit support agreements in place with 15 of its primary derivative counterparties which, among other things, provide the circumstances under which either party is required to post eligible collateral (when the market value of transactions covered by these agreements exceeds specified thresholds or if a counterparty’s credit rating has been downgraded to a predetermined rating). The Company does not anticipate nonperformance by any of these counterparties.

3M has elected to present the fair value of derivative assets and liabilities within the Company’s consolidated balance sheet on a gross basis even when derivative transactions are subject to master netting arrangements and may otherwise qualify for net presentation. However, the following tables provide information as if the Company had elected to offset the asset and liability balances of derivative instruments, netted in accordance with various criteria in the event of default or termination as stipulated by the terms of netting arrangements with each of the counterparties. For each counterparty, if netted, the Company would offset the asset and liability balances of all derivatives at the end of the reporting period based on the 3M entity that is a party to the transactions. Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements are not eligible for net presentation. As of the applicable dates presented below, no collateral had been received or pledged related to these derivative instruments.

Offsetting of Financial Assets under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties

			Gross Amounts not Offset in the
			Consolidated Balance Sheet that are Subject
	Gross Amount of		to Master Netting Agreements
	Derivative Assets		Gross Amount of
	Presented in the		Eligible Offsetting
March 31, 2017	Consolidated		Recognized		Cash Collateral		Net Amount of
(Millions)	Balance Sheet		Derivative Liabilities		Received		Derivative Assets
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	174	$	60	$	—	$	114
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		1						1
Total	$	175					$	115

December 31, 2016
(Millions)
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	259	$	39	$	—	$	220
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		—						—
Total	$	259					$	220

Offsetting of Financial Liabilities under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties

			Gross Amounts not Offset in the
			Consolidated Balance Sheet that are Subject
	Gross Amount of		to Master Netting Agreements
	Derivative Liabilities		Gross Amount of
	Presented in the		Eligible Offsetting
March 31, 2017	Consolidated		Recognized		Cash Collateral		Net Amount of
(Millions)	Balance Sheet		Derivative Assets		Pledged		Derivative Liabilities
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	77	$	60	$	—	$	17
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		6						6
Total	$	83					$	23

December 31, 2016
(Millions)
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	93	$	39	$	—	$	54
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		2						2
Total	$	95					$	56

Currency Effects

3M estimates that year-on-year foreign currency transactions effects, including hedging impacts, decreased pre-tax income by approximately $37 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017. These estimates include transaction gains and losses, including derivative instruments designed to reduce foreign currency exchange rate risks and any impacts from swapping Venezuelan bolivars into U.S. dollars.

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Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

NOTE 9.  Fair Value Measurements

3M follows ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, with respect to assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and nonrecurring basis. Under the standard, fair value is defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. The standard also establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs (other than quoted prices) that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

For 3M, assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis primarily relate to available-for-sale marketable securities, available-for-sale investments (included as part of investments in the Consolidated Balance Sheet) and certain derivative instruments. Derivatives include cash flow hedges, interest rate swaps and net investment hedges. The information in the following paragraphs and tables primarily addresses matters relative to these financial assets and liabilities. Separately, there were no material fair value measurements with respect to nonfinancial assets or liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the Company’s financial statements on a recurring basis for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

3M uses various valuation techniques, which are primarily based upon the market and income approaches, with respect to financial assets and liabilities. Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the respective financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value.

Available-for-sale marketable securities — except certain U.S. municipal securities:

Marketable securities, except certain U.S. municipal securities, are valued utilizing multiple sources. A weighted average market price is used for these securities. Market prices are obtained for these securities from a variety of industry standard data providers, security master files from large financial institutions, and other third-party sources. These multiple prices are used as inputs into a distribution-curve-based algorithm to determine the daily fair value to be used. 3M classifies U.S. treasury securities as level 1, while all other marketable securities (excluding certain U.S. municipal securities) are classified as level 2. Marketable securities are discussed further in Note 6.

Available-for-sale marketable securities — certain U.S. municipal securities only:

In both 2016 and 2014, 3M obtained municipal bonds from the City of Nevada, Missouri, which represent 3M’s only U.S. municipal securities holding as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Due to the nature of this security, the valuation method utilized will include the financial health of the City of Nevada, any recent municipal bond issuances by Nevada, and macroeconomic considerations related to the direction of interest rates and the health of the overall municipal bond market, and as such has been classified as a level 3 security.

Available-for-sale investments:

Investments include equity securities that are traded in an active market. Closing stock prices are readily available from active markets and are used as being representative of fair value. 3M classifies these securities as level 1.

Derivative instruments:

The Company’s derivative assets and liabilities within the scope of ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, are required to be recorded at fair value. The Company’s derivatives that are recorded at fair value include foreign currency forward and option contracts, commodity price swaps, interest rate swaps, and net investment hedges where the hedging instrument is recorded at fair value. Net investment hedges that use foreign currency denominated debt to hedge 3M’s net investment are not impacted by the fair value measurement standard under ASC 820, as the debt used as the hedging instrument is marked to a value with respect to changes in spot foreign currency exchange rates and not with respect to other factors that may impact fair value.

3M has determined that foreign currency forwards, commodity price swaps, currency swaps, foreign currency options, interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps will be considered level 2 measurements. 3M uses inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset. These inputs include foreign currency exchange rates, volatilities, and interest rates. Derivative positions are primarily valued using standard calculations/models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters. Industry standard data providers are 3M’s primary source for forward and spot rate information for both interest rates and currency rates, with resulting valuations periodically validated through third-party or counterparty quotes and a net present value stream of cash flows model.

The following tables provide information by level for assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

			Fair Value Measurements
Description	Fair Value at		Using Inputs Considered as
(Millions)	March 31, 2017		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Available-for-sale:
Marketable securities:
Corporate debt securities	$	10	$	—	$	10	$	—
Commercial paper		1		—		1		—
Certificates of deposit/time deposits		89		—		89		—
Asset-backed securities:
Automobile loan related		29		—		29		—
Credit card related		9		—		9		—
U.S. municipal securities		20		—		—		20
Derivative instruments — assets:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		151		—		151		—
Interest rate swap contracts		24		—		24		—
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments — liabilities:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		78		—		78		—
Interest rate swap contracts		5		—		5		—

			Fair Value Measurements
Description	Fair Value at		Using Inputs Considered as
(Millions)	December 31, 2016		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Available-for-sale:
Marketable securities:
Corporate debt securities	$	10	$	—	$	10	$	—
Commercial paper		14		—		14		—
Certificates of deposit/time deposits		197		—		197		—
Asset-backed securities:
Automobile loan related		31		—		31		—
Credit card related		18		—		18		—
Other		7		—		7		—
U.S. municipal securities		20		—		—		20
Derivative instruments — assets:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		234		—		234		—
Interest rate swap contracts		25		—		25		—
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments — liabilities:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		94		—		94		—
Interest rate swap contracts		1		—		1		—

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of items measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the table above that used significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

	Three months ended
Marketable securities — certain U.S. municipal securities only	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Beginning balance	$	20	$	12
Total gains or losses:
Included in earnings		—		—
Included in other comprehensive income		—		—
Purchases and issuances		—		6
Sales and settlements		—		—
Transfers in and/or out of level 3		—		—
Ending balance	$	20	$	18
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for securities held at the end of the reporting period		—		—

In addition, the plan assets of 3M’s pension and postretirement benefit plans are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually). Refer to Note 11 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis:

Disclosures are required for certain assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, but are recognized and disclosed at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in periods subsequent to initial recognition. For 3M, such measurements of fair value relate primarily to long-lived asset impairments. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company recognized approximately $40 million in long-lived asset impairments related to its Electronics and Energy business segment, with the complete carrying amount of such assets written off and included in operating income results. There were no material long-lived asset impairments for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments:

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, certain investments, accounts payable, borrowings, and derivative contracts. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt approximated carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. Available-for-sale marketable securities and investments, in addition to certain derivative instruments, are recorded at fair values as indicated in the preceding disclosures. For its long-term debt, the Company utilized third-party quotes to estimate fair values (classified as level 2). Information with respect to the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of these financial instruments follow:

	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
(Millions)	Value		Value		Value		Value
Long-term debt, excluding current portion	$	10,802	$	11,337	$	10,678	$	11,168

The fair values reflected above consider the terms of the related debt absent the impacts of derivative/hedging activity. The carrying amount of long-term debt referenced above is impacted by certain fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps that are designated as fair value hedges and by the designation of fixed rate Eurobond securities issued by the Company as hedging instruments of the Company’s net investment in its European subsidiaries. Many of 3M’s fixed-rate bonds were trading at a premium at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 due to the low interest rates and tightening of 3M’s credit spreads.

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Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

NOTE 10.  Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings:

The Company and some of its subsidiaries are involved in numerous claims and lawsuits, principally in the United States, and regulatory proceedings worldwide. These include various products liability (involving products that the Company now or formerly manufactured and sold), intellectual property, and commercial claims and lawsuits, including those brought under the antitrust laws, and environmental proceedings. Unless otherwise stated, the Company is vigorously defending all such litigation. Additional information about the Company’s process for disclosure and recording of liabilities and insurance receivables related to legal proceedings can be found in Note 14 “Commitments and Contingencies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

The following sections first describe the significant legal proceedings in which the Company is involved, and then describe the liabilities and associated insurance receivables the Company has accrued relating to its significant legal proceedings.

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation

As of March 31, 2017, the Company is a named defendant, with multiple co-defendants, in numerous lawsuits in various courts that purport to represent approximately 2,650 individual claimants, compared to approximately 2,660 individual claimants with actions pending at December 31, 2016.

The vast majority of the lawsuits and claims resolved by and currently pending against the Company allege use of some of the Company’s mask and respirator products and seek damages from the Company and other defendants for alleged personal injury from workplace exposures to asbestos, silica, coal mine dust or other occupational dusts found in products manufactured by other defendants or generally in the workplace. A minority of the lawsuits and claims resolved by and currently pending against the Company generally allege personal injury from occupational exposure to asbestos from products previously manufactured by the Company, which are often unspecified, as well as products manufactured by other defendants, or occasionally at Company premises.

The Company’s current volume of new and pending matters is substantially lower than it experienced at the peak of filings in 2003. The Company expects that filing of claims by unimpaired claimants in the future will continue to be at much lower levels than in the past. Accordingly, the number of claims alleging more serious injuries, including mesothelioma and other malignancies, will represent a greater percentage of total claims than in the past. The Company has prevailed in all eleven cases taken to trial, including nine of the ten cases tried to verdict (such trials occurred in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2015, and 2016–described below), and an appellate reversal in 2005 of the 2001 jury verdict adverse to the Company. The remaining case, tried in 2009, was dismissed by the court at the close of plaintiff’s evidence, based on the court’s legal finding that the plaintiff had not presented sufficient evidence to support a jury verdict. In August 2016, 3M received a unanimous defense verdict from a jury in state court in Kentucky, in 3M’s first respirator trial involving coal mine dust. The estate of the plaintiff alleged that the 3M 8710 respirator is defective and caused his death because it did not protect him from harmful coal mine dust. The jury rejected plaintiff’s claim and returned a verdict finding no liability against 3M. The verdict is final as the plaintiff did not file an appeal.

The Company has demonstrated in these past trial proceedings that its respiratory protection products are effective as claimed when used in the intended manner and in the intended circumstances. Consequently the Company believes that claimants are unable to establish that their medical conditions, even if significant, are attributable to the Company’s respiratory protection products. Nonetheless the Company’s litigation experience indicates that claims of persons with malignant conditions are costlier to resolve than the claims of unimpaired persons, and it therefore believes the average cost of resolving pending and future claims on a per-claim basis will continue to be higher than it experienced in prior periods when the vast majority of claims were asserted by medically unimpaired claimants.

As previously reported, the State of West Virginia, through its Attorney General, filed a complaint in 2003 against the Company and two other manufacturers of respiratory protection products in the Circuit Court of Lincoln County, West Virginia, and amended its complaint in 2005. The amended complaint seeks substantial, but unspecified, compensatory damages primarily for reimbursement of the costs allegedly incurred by the State for worker’s compensation and healthcare benefits provided to all workers with occupational pneumoconiosis and unspecified punitive damages. The case was inactive from the fourth quarter of 2007 until late 2013, other than a case management conference in March 2011. In November 2013, the State filed a motion to bifurcate the lawsuit into separate liability and damages proceedings. At the hearing on the motion, the court declined to bifurcate the lawsuit. No liability has been recorded for this matter because the Company believes that liability is not probable and estimable at this time. In addition, the Company is not able to estimate a possible loss or range of loss given the lack of any meaningful discovery responses by the State of West Virginia, the otherwise minimal activity in this case and the fact that the complaint asserts claims against two other manufacturers where a defendant’s share of liability may turn on the law of joint and several liability and by the amount of fault, if any, a jury might allocate to each defendant if the case is ultimately tried.

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Liabilities and Insurance Receivables:

The Company annually conducts a comprehensive legal review of its respirator mask/asbestos liabilities in connection with finalizing and reporting its annual results of operations, unless significant changes in trends or new developments warrant an earlier review. The Company reviews recent and historical claims data, including without limitation, (i) the number of pending claims filed against the Company, (ii) the nature and mix of those claims (i.e., the proportion of claims asserting usage of the Company’s mask or respirator products and alleging exposure to each of asbestos, silica, coal or other occupational dusts, and claims pleading use of asbestos-containing products allegedly manufactured by the Company), (iii) the costs to defend and resolve pending claims, and (iv) trends in filing rates and in costs to defend and resolve claims, (collectively, the “Claims Data”). As part of its comprehensive legal review, the Company provides the Claims Data to a third party with expertise in determining the impact of Claims Data on future filing trends and costs. The third party assists the Company in estimating the costs to defend and resolve pending and future claims. The Company uses these estimates to develop its best estimate of probable liability.

Developments may occur that could affect the Company’s estimate of its liabilities. These developments include, but are not limited to, significant changes in (i) the key assumptions underlying the Company’s accrual, including, the number of future claims, the nature and mix of those claims, the average cost of defending and resolving claims, and in maintaining trial readiness (ii) trial and appellate outcomes, (iii) the law and procedure applicable to these claims, and (iv) the financial viability of other co-defendants and insurers.

In the first quarter of 2017, the Company made payments for legal fees and settlements of $12 million related to the respirator mask/asbestos litigation. As of March 31, 2017, the Company had an accrual for respirator mask/asbestos liabilities (excluding Aearo accruals) of $583 million. This accrual represents the Company’s best estimate of probable loss and reflects an estimation period for future claims that may be filed against the Company approaching the year 2050. The Company cannot estimate the amount or upper end of the range of amounts by which the liability may exceed the accrual the Company has established because of the (i) inherent difficulty in projecting the number of claims that have not yet been asserted or the time period in which future claims may be asserted, (ii) the complaints nearly always assert claims against multiple defendants where the damages alleged are typically not attributed to individual defendants so that a defendant’s share of liability may turn on the law of joint and several liability, which can vary by state, (iii) the multiple factors described above that the Company considers in estimating its liabilities, and (iv) the several possible developments described above that may occur that could affect the Company’s estimate of liabilities.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company’s receivable for insurance recoveries related to the respirator mask/asbestos litigation was $4 million.  The Company is seeking coverage under the policies of certain insolvent and other insurers. Once those claims for coverage are resolved, the Company will have collected substantially all of its remaining insurance coverage for respirator mask/asbestos claims.

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation — Aearo Technologies

On April 1, 2008, a subsidiary of the Company purchased the stock of Aearo Holding Corp., the parent of Aearo Technologies (“Aearo”). Aearo manufactured and sold various products, including personal protection equipment, such as eye, ear, head, face, fall and certain respiratory protection products.

As of March 31, 2017, Aearo and/or other companies that previously owned and operated Aearo’s respirator business (American Optical Corporation, Warner-Lambert LLC, AO Corp. and Cabot Corporation (“Cabot”)) are named defendants, with multiple co-defendants, including the Company, in numerous lawsuits in various courts in which plaintiffs allege use of mask and respirator products and seek damages from Aearo and other defendants for alleged personal injury from workplace exposures to asbestos, silica-related, or other occupational dusts found in products manufactured by other defendants or generally in the workplace.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company, through its Aearo subsidiary, had accruals of $19 million for product liabilities and defense costs related to current and future Aearo-related asbestos and silica-related claims. Responsibility for legal costs, as well as for settlements and judgments, is currently shared in an informal arrangement among Aearo, Cabot, American Optical Corporation and a subsidiary of Warner Lambert and their respective insurers (the “Payor Group”). Liability is allocated among the parties based on the number of years each company sold respiratory products under the “AO Safety” brand and/or owned the AO Safety Division of American Optical Corporation and the alleged years of exposure of the individual plaintiff. Aearo’s share of the contingent liability is further limited by an agreement entered into between Aearo and Cabot on July 11, 1995. This agreement provides that, so long as Aearo pays to Cabot a quarterly fee of $100,000, Cabot will retain responsibility and liability for, and indemnify Aearo against, any product liability claims involving exposure to asbestos, silica, or  silica products for respirators sold prior to July 11, 1995. Because of the difficulty in determining how long a particular respirator remains in the stream of commerce after being sold, Aearo and Cabot have applied the agreement to claims arising out of the alleged use of respirators involving exposure to asbestos, silica or silica products prior to January 1, 1997. With these arrangements in place, Aearo’s potential liability is limited to exposures alleged to have arisen from the use of respirators involving exposure to asbestos, silica, or silica products on or after January 1, 1997. To date, Aearo has elected to pay the quarterly fee. Aearo could potentially be exposed to additional claims for some part of the pre-July 11, 1995 period covered by its agreement with Cabot if Aearo elects to discontinue its participation in this arrangement, or if Cabot is no longer able to meet its obligations in these matters.

In March 2012, Cabot CSC Corporation and Cabot Corporation filed a lawsuit against Aearo in the Superior Court of Suffolk County, Massachusetts seeking declaratory relief as to the scope of Cabot’s indemnity obligations under the July 11, 1995 agreement, including whether Cabot has retained liability for coal workers’ pneumoconiosis claims, and seeking damages for breach of contract. In 2014, the court granted Aearo’s motion for summary judgment on two claims, but declined to rule on two issues: the specific liability for certain known coal mine dust lawsuits; and Cabot’s claim for allocation of liability between injuries allegedly caused by exposure to coal mine dust and injuries allegedly caused by exposure to silica dust. Following additional discovery, the parties filed new motions for summary judgment. In February 2016, the court ruled in favor of Aearo on these two remaining issues, and ordered that Cabot, and not Aearo, is solely responsible for all liability for the coal mine dust lawsuits under the 1995 agreement. Cabot has appealed with a decision expected in 2017.

Developments may occur that could affect the estimate of Aearo’s liabilities. These developments include, but are not limited to: (i) significant changes in the number of future claims, (ii) significant changes in the average cost of resolving claims, (iii) significant changes in the legal costs of defending these claims, (iv) significant changes in the mix and nature of claims received, (v) trial and appellate outcomes, (vi) significant changes in the law and procedure applicable to these claims, (vii) significant changes in the liability allocation among the co-defendants, (viii) the financial viability of members of the Payor Group including exhaustion of available insurance coverage limits, and/or (ix) a determination that the interpretation of the contractual obligations on which Aearo has estimated its share of liability is inaccurate. The Company cannot determine the impact of these potential developments on its current estimate of Aearo’s share of liability for these existing and future claims. If any of the developments described above were to occur, the actual amount of these liabilities for existing and future claims could be significantly larger than the amount accrued.

Because of the inherent difficulty in projecting the number of claims that have not yet been asserted, the complexity of allocating responsibility for future claims among the Payor Group, and the several possible developments that may occur that could affect the estimate of Aearo’s liabilities, the Company cannot estimate the amount or range of amounts by which Aearo’s liability may exceed the accrual the Company has established.

Environmental Matters and Litigation

The Company’s operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations including those pertaining to air emissions, wastewater discharges, toxic substances, and the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes enforceable by national, state, and local authorities around the world, and private parties in the United States and abroad. These laws and regulations provide, under certain circumstances, a basis for the remediation of contamination, for restoration of or compensation for damages to natural resources, and for personal injury and property damage claims. The Company has incurred, and will continue to incur, costs and capital expenditures in complying with these laws and regulations, defending personal injury and property damage claims, and modifying its business operations in light of its environmental responsibilities. In its effort to satisfy its environmental responsibilities and comply with environmental laws and regulations, the Company has established, and periodically updates, policies relating to environmental standards of performance for its operations worldwide.

Under certain environmental laws, including the United States Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 and similar state laws, the Company may be jointly and severally liable, typically with other companies, for the costs of remediation of environmental contamination at current or former facilities and at off-site locations. The Company has identified numerous locations, most of which are in the United States, at which it may have some liability. Please refer to the section entitled “Environmental Liabilities and Insurance Receivables” that follows for information on the amount of the accrual.

Environmental Matters

As previously reported, the Company has been voluntarily cooperating with ongoing reviews by local, state, federal (primarily the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)), and international agencies of possible environmental and health effects of various perfluorinated compounds, including perfluorooctanyl compounds such as perfluorooctanoate (“PFOA”), perfluorooctane sulfonate (“PFOS”), or similar compounds (“PFCs”). As a result of its phase-out decision in May 2000, the Company no longer manufactures perfluorooctanyl compounds. The company ceased manufacturing and using the vast majority of these compounds within approximately two years of the phase-out announcement, and ceased all manufacturing and the last significant use of this chemistry by the end of 2008. Through its ongoing life cycle management and its raw material composition identification processes associated with the Company’s policies covering the use of all persistent and bio-accumulative materials, the Company continues to control or eliminate the presence of certain PFCs in purchased materials or as byproducts in some of 3M’s fluorochemical manufacturing processes, products, and waste streams.

Regulatory activities concerning PFOA and/or PFOS continue in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, and before certain international bodies. These activities include gathering of exposure and use information, risk assessment, and consideration of regulatory approaches. In October 2016, the European Commission notified the World Trade Organization of a draft regulation to restrict PFOA and its related substances under the EU’s REACH Regulation (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals). If adopted, the regulation would restrict PFOA and its related substances to concentrations no greater than 25 parts per billion in constituents of other substances, in mixtures, and in articles. As the database of studies of both chemicals has expanded, the EPA has developed human health effects documents summarizing the available data from these studies. In February 2014, the EPA initiated external peer review of its draft human health effects documents for PFOA and PFOS. The peer review panel met in August 2014. In May 2016, the EPA announced lifetime health advisory levels for PFOA and PFOS at 70 parts per trillion (superseding the provisional levels established by the EPA in 2009 of 400 parts per trillion for PFOA and 200 parts per trillion for PFOS). Where PFOA and PFOS are found together, EPA recommends that the concentrations be added together, and the lifetime health advisory for PFOA and PFOS combined is also 70 parts per trillion. Lifetime health advisories, while not enforceable, serve as guidance and are benchmarks for determining if concentrations of chemicals in tap water from public utilities are safe for public consumption. In an effort to collect exposure information under the Safe Drinking Water Act, the EPA published on May 2, 2012 a list of unregulated substances, including six PFCs, required to be monitored during the period 2013-2015 by public water system suppliers to determine the extent of their occurrence. Through July 2016, the EPA reported results for 4,909 public water supplies nationwide. Based on the 2016 lifetime health advisory, 13 public water supplies exceed the level for PFOA and 46 exceed the level for PFOS. A technical advisory issued by EPA in September 2016 on laboratory analysis of drinking water samples stated that 65 public water supplies had exceeded the combined level for PFOA and PFOS. These results are based on one or more samples collected during the period 2012-2015 and do not necessarily reflect current conditions of these public water supplies. EPA reporting does not identify the sources of the PFOA and PFOS in the public water supplies.

The Company is continuing to make progress in its work, under the supervision of state regulators, to address its historic disposal of PFC-containing waste associated with manufacturing operations at the Decatur, Alabama, Cottage Grove, Minnesota, and Cordova, Illinois plants.

As previously reported, the Company entered into a voluntary remedial action agreement with the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) to address the presence of PFCs in the soil at the Company’s manufacturing facility in Decatur, Alabama. Pursuant to a permit issued by ADEM, for approximately twenty years, the Company incorporated its wastewater treatment plant sludge containing PFCs in fields at its Decatur facility. After a review of the available options to address the presence of PFCs in the soil, ADEM agreed that the preferred remediation option is to use a multilayer cap over the former sludge incorporation areas on the manufacturing site with subsequent groundwater migration controls and treatment. Implementation of that plan continues and is expected to be completed in 2018.

The Company continues to work with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) pursuant to the terms of the previously disclosed May 2007 Settlement Agreement and Consent Order to address the presence of certain PFCs in the soil and groundwater at former disposal sites in Washington County, Minnesota (Oakdale and Woodbury) and at the Company’s manufacturing facility at Cottage Grove, Minnesota. Under this agreement, the Company’s principal obligations include (i) evaluating releases of certain PFCs from these sites and proposing response actions; (ii) providing treatment or alternative drinking water upon identifying any level exceeding a Health Based Value (“HBV”) or Health Risk Limit (“HRL”) (i.e., the amount of a chemical in drinking water determined by the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) to be safe for human consumption over a lifetime) for certain PFCs for which a HBV and/or HRL exists as a result of contamination from these sites; (iii) remediating identified sources of other PFCs at these sites that are not controlled by actions to remediate PFOA and PFOS; and (iv) sharing information with the MPCA about certain perfluorinated compounds. During 2008, the MPCA issued formal decisions adopting remedial options for the former disposal sites in Washington County, Minnesota (Oakdale and Woodbury). In August 2009, the MPCA issued a formal decision adopting remedial options for the Company’s Cottage Grove manufacturing facility. During the spring and summer of 2010, 3M began implementing the agreed upon remedial options at the Cottage Grove and Woodbury sites. 3M commenced the remedial option at the Oakdale site in late 2010. At each location the remedial options were recommended by the Company and approved by the MPCA. Remediation work has been completed at the Oakdale and Woodbury sites, and they are in an operational maintenance mode. Remediation will continue at the Cottage Grove site during 2017.

In August 2014, the Illinois EPA approved a request by the Company to establish a groundwater management zone at its manufacturing facility in Cordova, Illinois, which includes ongoing pumping of impacted site groundwater, groundwater monitoring and routine reporting of results.

The Company cannot predict what additional regulatory actions arising from the foregoing proceedings and activities, if any, may be taken regarding such compounds or the consequences of any such actions.

Environmental Litigation

As previously reported, a former employee filed a purported class action lawsuit in 2002 in the Circuit Court of Morgan County, Alabama (the St. John case), seeking unstated damages and alleging that the plaintiffs suffered fear, increased risk, subclinical injuries, and property damage from exposure to certain perfluorochemicals at or near the Company’s Decatur, Alabama, manufacturing facility. The court in 2005 granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the named plaintiff’s personal injury-related claims on the basis that such claims are barred by the exclusivity provisions of the state’s Workers Compensation Act. The plaintiffs’ counsel filed an amended complaint in November 2006, limiting the case to property damage claims on behalf of a purported class of residents and property owners in the vicinity of the Decatur plant. In June 2015, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint adding additional defendants, including BFI Waste Management Systems of Alabama, LLC; BFI Waste Management of North America, LLC; the City of Decatur, Alabama; Morgan County, Alabama; Municipal Utilities Board of Decatur; and Morgan County, Alabama, d/b/a Decatur Utilities.

In 2005, the judge in a second purported class action lawsuit filed by three residents of Morgan County, Alabama, seeking unstated compensatory and punitive damages involving alleged damage to their property from emissions of certain perfluorochemical compounds from the Company’s Decatur, Alabama, manufacturing facility that formerly manufactured those compounds (the Chandler case) granted the Company’s motion to abate the case, effectively putting the case on hold pending the resolution of class certification issues in the St. John case. Despite the stay, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint seeking damages for alleged personal injuries and property damage on behalf of the named plaintiffs and the members of a purported class. No further action in the case is expected unless and until the stay is lifted.

In February 2009, a resident of Franklin County, Alabama, filed a purported class action lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Franklin County (the Stover case) seeking compensatory damages and injunctive relief based on the application by the Decatur utility’s wastewater treatment plant of wastewater treatment sludge to farmland and grasslands in the state that allegedly contain PFOA, PFOS and other perfluorochemicals. The named plaintiff seeks to represent a class of all persons within the State of Alabama who have had PFOA, PFOS, and other perfluorochemicals released or deposited on their property. In March 2010, the Alabama Supreme Court ordered the case transferred from Franklin County to Morgan County. In May 2010, consistent with its handling of the other matters, the Morgan County Circuit Court abated this case, putting it on hold pending the resolution of the class certification issues in the St. John case.

In October 2015, West Morgan-East Lawrence Water & Sewer Authority (Water Authority) filed an individual complaint against 3M Company, Dyneon, L.L.C, and Daikin America, Inc., in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Alabama. The complaint also includes representative plaintiffs who brought the complaint on behalf of themselves, and a class of all owners and possessors of property who use water provided by the Water Authority and five local water works to which the Water Authority supplies water (collectively, the “Water Utilities”). The complaint seeks compensatory and punitive damages and injunctive relief based on allegations that the defendants’ chemicals, including PFOA and PFOS from their manufacturing processes in Decatur, have contaminated the water in the Tennessee River at the water intake, and that the chemicals cannot be removed by the water treatment processes utilized by the Water Authority. In September 2016, the court granted 3M’s motion to dismiss plaintiffs’ trespass claims with prejudice, negligence claims for personal injuries, and private nuisance claims, and denied the motion to dismiss the plaintiffs’ negligence claims for property damage, public nuisance, abatement of nuisance, battery and wantonness.

In June 2016, the Tennessee Riverkeeper, Inc. (Riverkeeper), a non-profit corporation, filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Alabama against 3M; BFI Waste Systems of Alabama; the City of Decatur, Alabama; and the Municipal Utilities Board of Decatur, Morgan County, Alabama. The complaint alleges that the defendants violated the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act in connection with the disposal of certain PFCs through their ownership and operation of their respective sites. The complaint further alleges such practices may present an imminent and substantial endangerment to health and/or the environment and that Riverkeeper has suffered and will continue to suffer irreparable harm caused by defendants’ failure to abate the endangerment unless the court grants the requested relief, including declaratory and injunctive relief. The Company believes that the complaint lacks merit.

In July 2016, the City of Lake Elmo filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota against 3M alleging that the City suffered damages from drinking water supplies contaminated with PFCs, including costs to construct alternative sources of drinking water.

In September 2016, the Water Works and Sewer Board of the City of Gadsden, Alabama filed a lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Etowah County Alabama against 3M and various carpet manufacturers. The complaint alleges that PFCs from the defendants’ facilities contaminated the Coosa River as its raw water source for drinking water and seeks unstated damages for the installation and operation of a filtration system, expenses to monitor PFC levels, and lost profits and sales.

In November 2016, the Town of Barnstable, Massachusetts filed an individual action in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts seeking unstated compensatory and punitive damages and other relief against 3M and other suppliers of AFFF for alleged contamination of the aquifer supplying drinking water to the Hyannis water system. The town seeks to recover costs associated with the investigation, treatment, remediation, and monitoring of drinking water supplies allegedly contaminated with certain PFCs used in AFFF. In January 2017, the County of Barnstable, Massachusetts, filed an individual action in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts seeking unstated compensatory and punitive damages and other relief (including indemnification and contribution in connection with claims asserted against the County by the Town of Barnstable) against 3M and other suppliers of AFFF for alleged contamination of the aquifer supplying drinking water to the Hyannis water system.

In January 2017, several hundred plaintiffs sued 3M, its subsidiary Dyneon, and Daikin American (Defendants) in Lawrence and Morgan Counties, Alabama. The plaintiffs are owners of property, residents, and holders of property interests who receive their water from the West Morgan-East Lawrence Water and Sewer Authority (Authority). They assert common law claims for negligence, nuisance, trespass, wantonness, and battery, and they seek injunctive relief and punitive damages. The plaintiffs contend that the defendants own and operate manufacturing and disposal facilities in Decatur that have released and continue to release PFOA, PFOS and related chemicals into the groundwater and surface water of their sites, resulting in discharge into the Tennessee River. The plaintiffs also contend that the defendants have discharged into Bakers Creek and the Decatur Utilities Dry Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant, which, in turn, discharges wastewater containing these chemicals into the Tennessee River. The plaintiffs contend that, as a result the alleged discharges, the water supplied by the Authority to the plaintiffs was, and is, contaminated with PFOA, PFOS, and related chemicals at a level dangerous to humans.

As of March 31, 2017, nine purported class actions were filed against 3M and other defendants in federal or state courts - three in federal court in Colorado, five in federal court in Pennsylvania, and one in state court in New York. An individual complaint was also filed in the federal court in Pennsylvania. The complaints seek unstated damages and other remedies, such as medical monitoring, and allege that the plaintiffs suffered personal injury and property damage from drinking water supplies contaminated with certain PFCs used in Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) at current or former airports and air force military bases located in Colorado, Pennsylvania, and New York.

In December 2010, the State of Minnesota, by its Attorney General Lori Swanson, acting in its capacity as trustee of the natural resources of the State of Minnesota, filed a lawsuit in Hennepin County District Court against 3M to recover damages (including unspecified assessment costs and reasonable attorney’s fees) for alleged injury to, destruction of, and loss of use of certain of the State’s natural resources under the Minnesota Environmental Response and Liability Act (MERLA) and the Minnesota Water Pollution Control Act (MWPCA), as well as statutory nuisance and common law claims of trespass, nuisance, and negligence with respect to the presence of PFCs in the groundwater, surface water, fish or other aquatic life, and sediments (the “NRD Lawsuit”). The State also seeks declarations under MERLA that 3M is responsible for all damages the State may suffer in the future for injuries to natural resources from releases of PFCs into the environment, and under MWPCA that 3M is responsible for compensation for future loss or destruction of fish, aquatic life, and other damages.

In November 2011, the Metropolitan Council filed a motion to intervene and a complaint in the NRD Lawsuit seeking compensatory damages and other legal, declaratory and equitable relief, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, for costs and fees that the Metropolitan Council alleges it will be required to assess at some time in the future if the MPCA imposes restrictions on Metropolitan Council’s PFOS discharges to the Mississippi River, including the installation and maintenance of a water treatment system. The Metropolitan Council’s intervention motion was based on several theories, including common law negligence, and statutory claims under MERLA for response costs, and under the Minnesota Environmental Rights Act (MERA) for declaratory and equitable relief against 3M for PFOS and other PFC pollution of the waters and sediments of the Mississippi River. 3M did not object to the motion to intervene. In January 2012, 3M answered the Metropolitan Council’s complaint and filed a counterclaim alleging that the Metropolitan Council discharges PFCs to the Mississippi River and discharges PFC-containing sludge and bio solids from one or more of its wastewater treatment plants onto agricultural lands and local area landfills. Accordingly, 3M’s complaint against the Metropolitan Council asks that if the court finds that the State is entitled to any of the damages it seeks, 3M be awarded contribution and apportionment from the Metropolitan Council, including attorneys’ fees, under MERLA, and contribution from and liability for the Metropolitan Council’s proportional share of damages awarded to the State under the MWPCA, as well as under statutory nuisance and common law theories of trespass, nuisance, and negligence. 3M also seeks declaratory relief under MERA.

In April 2012, 3M filed a motion to disqualify the State of Minnesota’s counsel, Covington & Burling, LLP (Covington). In October 2012, the court granted 3M’s motion to disqualify Covington as counsel to the State and the State and Covington appealed the court’s disqualification to the Minnesota Court of Appeals. In July 2013, the Minnesota Court of Appeals affirmed the district court’s disqualification order. In October 2013, the Minnesota Supreme Court granted both the State’s and Covington’s petition for review of the decision of the Minnesota Court of Appeals. In April 2014, the Minnesota Supreme Court affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded the case to the district court for further proceedings. The district court took evidence on the disqualification issues at a hearing in October 2015. In February 2016, the district court ruled that Covington violated the professional ethics rule against representing a client (here the State of Minnesota) in the same or substantially related matter where that person’s interests are materially adverse to the interests of a former client (3M). The district court, however, denied 3M’s motion to disqualify Covington because it further found that 3M impliedly waived by delaying to assert the conflict. Other activity in the case, which had been stayed pending the outcome of the disqualification issue, has resumed. Trial is scheduled to begin in January 2018. In a separate but related action, the Company filed suit in the Ramsey County District Court against Covington for breach of its fiduciary duties to the Company and for breach of contract arising out of Covington’s representation of the State of Minnesota in the NRD Lawsuit. In September 2016, the court granted 3M’s motion for leave to amend the complaint to plead punitive damages. In February 2017, Covington settled this lawsuit with a payment by Covington or its insurer to 3M that is not material to 3M’s results of operations or financial condition.

For environmental litigation matters described in this section for which a liability, if any, has been recorded, the Company believes the amount recorded, as well as the possible loss or range of loss in excess of the established accrual is not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. For those matters for which a liability has not been recorded, the Company believes any such liability is not probable and estimable and the Company is not able to estimate a possible loss or range of loss at this time.

Environmental Liabilities and Insurance Receivables

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had recorded liabilities of $36 million for estimated “environmental remediation” costs based upon an evaluation of currently available facts with respect to each individual site and also recorded related insurance receivables of $8 million. The Company records liabilities for remediation costs on an undiscounted basis when they are probable and reasonably estimable, generally no later than the completion of feasibility studies or the Company’s commitment to a plan of action. Liabilities for estimated costs of environmental remediation, depending on the site, are based primarily upon internal or third-party environmental studies, and estimates as to the number, participation level and financial viability of any other potentially responsible parties, the extent of the contamination and the nature of required remedial actions. The Company adjusts recorded liabilities as further information develops or circumstances change. The Company expects that it will pay the amounts recorded over the periods of remediation for the applicable sites, currently ranging up to 20 years.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had recorded liabilities of $29 million for “other environmental liabilities” based upon an evaluation of currently available facts to implement the Settlement Agreement and Consent Order with the MPCA, the remedial action agreement with ADEM, and to address trace amounts of perfluorinated compounds in drinking water sources in the City of Oakdale, Minnesota, as well as presence in the soil and groundwater at the Company’s manufacturing facilities in Decatur, Alabama, and Cottage Grove, Minnesota, and at two former disposal sites in Washington County, Minnesota (Oakdale and Woodbury). The Company expects that most of the spending will occur over the next four years. During the first quarter of 2017, the Company collected from its insurer the outstanding receivable of $15 million related to “other environmental liabilities.”

It is difficult to estimate the cost of environmental compliance and remediation given the uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of applicable environmental laws and regulations, the extent of environmental contamination and the existence of alternative cleanup methods. Developments may occur that could affect the Company’s current assessment, including, but not limited to: (i) changes in the information available regarding the environmental impact of the Company’s operations and products; (ii) changes in environmental regulations, changes in permissible levels of specific compounds in drinking water sources, or changes in enforcement theories and policies, including efforts to recover natural resource damages; (iii) new and evolving analytical and remediation techniques; (iv) success in allocating liability to other potentially responsible parties; and (v) the financial viability of other potentially responsible parties and third-party indemnitors. For sites included in both “environmental remediation liabilities” and “other environmental liabilities,” at which remediation activity is largely complete and remaining activity relates primarily to operation and maintenance of the remedy, including required post-remediation monitoring, the Company believes the exposure to loss in excess of the amount accrued would not be material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. However, for locations at which remediation activity is largely ongoing, the Company cannot estimate a possible loss or range of loss in excess of the associated established accruals for the reasons described above.

Other Matters

Department of Labor Investigation

The U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) notified 3M in April 2015 that it had commenced an investigation of 3M’s pension plan pursuant to the federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA). The DOL has stated its investigation relates to certain private equity investments, plan expenses, securities lending, and distributions of plan benefits. In response to certain DOL requests, 3M produced documents and made employees available for interviews. In December 2016, the DOL issued certain subpoenas to 3M and 3M Investment Management Corp. relating to this investigation. 3M has produced additional responsive documents and is cooperating with the DOL in its investigation. The DOL has not provided a timeline for the completion of its investigation.

Product Liability Litigation

One customer obtained an order in the French courts against 3M Purification SAS (a French subsidiary) in October 2011 appointing an expert to determine the amount of commercial loss and property damage allegedly caused by allegedly defective 3M filters used in the customer’s manufacturing process. An Austrian subsidiary of this same customer also filed a claim against 3M Austria GmbH (an Austrian subsidiary) and 3M Purification SAS in the Austrian courts in September 2012 seeking damages for the same issue. The Company reached an agreement in principle to settle those two cases and expects to finalize the settlement during the second quarter of 2017. The amounts agreed to in each of these settlements were not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company is a named defendant in lawsuits involving approximately 1,790 plaintiffs (compared to approximately 1,260 plaintiffs at December 31, 2016), most of which are pending in federal or state court in Minnesota, in which the plaintiffs claim they underwent various joint arthroplasty, cardiovascular, and other surgeries and later developed surgical site infections due to the use of the Bair Hugger™ patient warming system. The complaints seek damages and other relief based on theories of strict liability, negligence, breach of express and implied warranties, failure to warn, design and manufacturing defect, fraudulent and/or negligent misrepresentation/concealment, unjust enrichment, and violations of various state consumer fraud, deceptive or unlawful trade practices and/or false advertising acts. One case, from the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Tennessee is a putative nationwide class action. The U.S. Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation (MDL) granted the plaintiffs’ motion to transfer and consolidate all cases pending in federal courts to the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota to be managed in a multi-district proceeding during the pre-trial phase of the litigation. In June 2016, the Company was served with a putative class action filed in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice for all Canadian residents who underwent various joint arthroplasty, cardiovascular, and other surgeries and later developed surgical site infections due to the use of the Bair Hugger™ patient warming system. The representative plaintiff seeks relief (including punitive damages) under Canadian law based on theories similar to those asserted in the MDL. The Bair Hugger™ product line was acquired by 3M as part of the 2010 acquisition of Arizant, Inc., a leading manufacturer of patient warming solutions designed to prevent hypothermia and maintain normal body temperature in surgical settings. No liability has been recorded for this matter because the Company believes that any such liability is not probable and estimable at this time.

In September 2011, 3M Oral Care launched Lava Ultimate CAD/CAM dental restorative material. The product was originally indicated for inlay, onlay, veneer, and crown applications. In June 2015, 3M Oral Care voluntarily removed crown applications from the product’s instructions for use, following reports from dentists of patients’ crowns debonding, requiring additional treatment. The product remains on the market for other applications. 3M communicated with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, as well as regulators outside the United States. 3M also informed customers and distributors of its action, offered to accept return of unused materials and provide refunds. As of March 31, 2017, there are three lawsuits pending that were brought by dentists and dental practices against 3M. The complaints allege 3M marketed and sold defective Lava Ultimate material used for dental crowns to dentists and, under various theories, seek monetary damages (replacement costs and business reputation loss), punitive damages, disgorgement of profits, injunction from marketing and selling Lava Ultimate for use in dental crowns, statutory penalties, and attorneys’ fees and costs. One lawsuit, pending in the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota, names 39 plaintiffs and seeks certification of a class action of dentists in the United States and its territories, and alternatively seeks subclasses in 13 states. The other two lawsuits are individual complaints against 3M – one in Madison County, Illinois and the other in the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota.

For product liability litigation matters described in this section for which a liability has been recorded, the Company believes the amount recorded is not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. In addition, the Company is not able to estimate a possible loss or range of loss in excess of the established accruals at this time.

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Stock-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

NOTE 11.  Stock-Based Compensation

The 3M 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as discussed in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K, provides for the issuance or delivery of up to 123,965,000 shares of 3M common stock pursuant to awards granted under the plan. Awards may be issued in the form of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, progressive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock awards, and performance units and performance shares. The remaining total shares available for grant under LTIP Program are 29,802,945 as of March 31, 2017.

The Company’s annual stock option and restricted stock unit grant is made in February to provide a strong and immediate link between the performance of individuals during the preceding year and the size of their annual stock compensation grants. The grant to eligible employees uses the closing stock price on the grant date. Accounting rules require recognition of expense under a non-substantive vesting period approach, requiring compensation expense recognition when an employee is eligible to retire. Employees are considered eligible to retire at age 55 and after having completed ten years of service. This retiree-eligible population represents 35 percent of the 2017 annual grant stock-based compensation award expense dollars; therefore, higher stock-based compensation expense is recognized in the first quarter.

In addition to the annual grants, the Company makes other minor grants of stock options, restricted stock units and other stock-based grants. The Company issues cash settled restricted stock units and stock appreciation rights in certain countries. These grants do not result in the issuance of common stock and are considered immaterial by the Company.

Amounts recognized in the financial statements with respect to stock-based compensation programs, which include stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares and the General Employees’ Stock Purchase Plan (GESPP), are provided in the following table. Capitalized stock-based compensation amounts were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Cost of sales	$	23	$	23
Selling, general and administrative expenses		98		96
Research, development and related expenses		26		25
Stock-based compensation expenses	$	147	$	144
Income tax benefits	$	(148)	$	(127)
Stock-based compensation expenses (benefits), net of tax	$	(1)	$	17

Stock Option Program

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

				Weighted
				Average
		Weighted		Remaining	Aggregate
	Number of	Average		Contractual	Intrinsic Value
	Options	Exercise Price		Life (months)	(millions)
Under option —
January 1	36,196,232	$	112.07
Granted:
Annual	5,409,628		175.93
Exercised	(3,037,302)		89.29
Canceled	(42,849)		156.38
March 31	38,525,709	$	122.78	76	$	2,641
Options exercisable
March 31	27,691,364	$	106.36	63	$	2,353

Stock options vest over a period from one year to three years with the expiration date at 10 years from date of grant. As of March 31, 2017, there was $125 million of compensation expense that has yet to be recognized related to non-vested stock option based awards. This expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 25 months. The total intrinsic values of stock options exercised were $286 million and $253 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Cash received from options exercised was $271 million and $315 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the exercise of employee stock options were $106 million and $93 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

For the primary 2017 annual stock option grant, the weighted average fair value at the date of grant was calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the assumptions that follow.

Stock Option Assumptions

	Annual
	2017
Exercise price	$	175.76
Risk-free interest rate		2.1	%
Dividend yield		2.5	%
Expected volatility		17.3	%
Expected life (months)		78
Black-Scholes fair value	$	23.51

Expected volatility is a statistical measure of the amount by which a stock price is expected to fluctuate during a period. For the 2017 annual grant date, the Company estimated the expected volatility based upon the average of the most recent one year volatility, the median of the term of the expected life rolling volatility, the median of the most recent term of the expected life volatility of 3M stock, and the implied volatility on the grant date. The expected term assumption is based on the weighted average of historical grants.

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes restricted stock and restricted stock unit activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

		Weighted
		Average
	Number of	Grant Date
	Awards	Fair Value
Nonvested balance —
As of January 1	2,185,046	$	145.64
Granted
Annual	604,256		176.10
Other	571		175.17
Vested	(724,705)		127.57
Forfeited	(12,014)		153.49
As of March 31	2,053,154	$	160.94

As of March 31, 2017, there was $133 million of compensation expense that has yet to be recognized related to non-vested restricted stock units and restricted stock. This expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 26 months. The total fair value of restricted stock units and restricted stock that vested during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $127 million and $133 million, respectively. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the vesting of restricted stock units and restricted stock was $47 million and $50 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Restricted stock units granted generally vest three years following the grant date assuming continued employment. Dividend equivalents equal to the dividends payable on the same number of shares of 3M common stock accrue on these restricted stock units during the vesting period, although no dividend equivalents are paid on any of these restricted stock units that are forfeited prior to the vesting date. Dividends are paid out in cash at the vest date on restricted stock units. Since the rights to dividends are forfeitable, there is no impact on basic earnings per share calculations. Weighted average restricted stock unit shares outstanding are included in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

Performance Shares

Instead of restricted stock units, the Company makes annual grants of performance shares to members of its executive management. The 2017 performance criteria for these performance shares (organic volume growth, return on invested capital, free cash flow conversion, and earning per share growth) were selected because the Company believes that they are important drivers of long-term stockholder value. The number of shares of 3M common stock that could actually be delivered at the end of the three-year performance period may be anywhere from 0% to 200% of each performance share granted, depending on the performance of the Company during such performance period. Non-substantive vesting requires that expense for the performance shares be recognized over one or three years depending on when each individual became a 3M executive. The 2017 performance share grant accrues dividends, therefore the grant date fair value is equal to the closing stock price on the date of grant. Since the rights to dividends are forfeitable, there is no impact on basic earnings per share calculations. Weighted average performance shares whose performance period is complete are included in computation of diluted earnings per share.

The following table summarizes performance share activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

		Weighted
		Average
	Number of	Grant Date
	Awards	Fair Value
Undistributed balance —
As of January 1	656,278	$	142.98
Granted	181,898		189.75
Distributed	(312,173)		124.63
Performance change	110,965		174.05
Forfeited	(1,682)		159.53
As of March 31	635,286	$	170.77

As of March 31, 2017, there was $51 million of compensation expense that has yet to be recognized related to performance shares. This expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average earnings period of 12 months. The total fair values of performance shares that were distributed were $55 million and $54 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the distribution of performance shares were $15 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

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Business Segments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Business Segment

Business Segments

NOTE 12.  Business Segments

3M’s businesses are organized, managed and internally grouped into segments based on differences in markets, products, technologies and services. 3M manages its operations in five business segments: Industrial; Safety and Graphics; Health Care; Electronics and Energy; and Consumer. 3M’s five business segments bring together common or related 3M technologies, enhancing the development of innovative products and services and providing for efficient sharing of business resources. Transactions among reportable segments are recorded at cost. 3M is an integrated enterprise characterized by substantial intersegment cooperation, cost allocations and inventory transfers. Therefore, management does not represent that these segments, if operated independently, would report the operating income information shown. The difference between operating income and pre-tax income relates to interest income and interest expense, which are not allocated to business segments.

Effective in the first quarter of 2017, as part of 3M’s continuing effort to improve the alignment of its businesses around markets and customers the Company made the following changes:

1. Integrated the former Renewable Energy Division into existing divisions;

2. Combined two divisions to form the Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division; and

3. Consolidated U.S. customer account activity - impacting dual credit reporting

Integration of former Renewable Energy Division

· The (a) solar and wind and (b) energy product lines (along with certain technology previously included in Corporate and Unallocated) of the former Renewable Energy Division (RED) were integrated into the existing Electrical Markets Division and Electronics Materials and Solutions Division, respectively, within the Electronics and Energy business segment. In addition, the former RED’s window film product lines were moved into the Commercial Solutions Division within the Safety and Graphics business segment. This change resulted in a decrease in previously reported net sales and operating income for total year 2016 of $203 million and $38 million, respectively, in the Electronics and Energy segment. These decreases were offset by a $207 million and $29 million increase in previously reported total year 2016 net sales and operating income, respectively, in the Safety and Graphics business segment and a $4 million decrease and $9 million increase in previously reported net sales and operating income, respectively, in Corporate and Unallocated.

Creation of Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division

· The former Automotive Division and Aerospace and Commercial Transportation Division (both within the Industrial business segment) were combined to create the Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division. Because this realignment was within the Industrial business segment, it had no impact on business segment reporting.

Consolidation of U.S. customer account activity - impacting dual credit reporting

· The Company consolidated its customer account activity in the U.S. into more centralized sales districts to better serve customers. As discussed further below, 3M business segment reporting measures include dual credit to business segments for certain U.S. sales and related operating income. This dual credit is based on which business segment provides customer account activity (“sales district”) with respect to a particular product sold in the U.S. Previously, a customer in the U.S. may have been aligned to several sales districts associated with multiple divisions or segments based on the individual products the customer purchased across 3M’s portfolio. The alignment of U.S. customer accounts to fewer, more focused sales districts therefore changed the attribution of dual credit across 3M’s business segments. As a result, previously reported aggregate business segment net sales and operating income for total year 2016 increased $163 million and $36 million, respectively, offset by similar increases in the elimination of dual credit net sales and operating income amounts.

The financial information presented herein reflects the impact of the preceding product line reporting change between business segments for all periods presented.

Business Segment Information

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Net Sales
Industrial	$	2,709	$	2,599
Safety and Graphics		1,527		1,477
Health Care		1,423		1,391
Electronics and Energy		1,210		1,089
Consumer		1,042		1,050
Corporate and Unallocated		2		—
Elimination of Dual Credit		(228)		(197)
Total Company	$	7,685	$	7,409
Operating Income
Industrial	$	625	$	622
Safety and Graphics		399		359
Health Care		434		457
Electronics and Energy		225		195
Consumer		222		238
Corporate and Unallocated		(81)		(40)
Elimination of Dual Credit		(50)		(43)
Total Company	$	1,774	$	1,788

Corporate and unallocated operating income includes a variety of miscellaneous items, such as corporate investment gains and losses, certain derivative gains and losses, certain insurance-related gains and losses, certain litigation and environmental expenses, corporate restructuring charges and certain under- or over-absorbed costs (e.g. pension, stock-based compensation) that the Company may choose not to allocate directly to its business segments. Because this category includes a variety of miscellaneous items, it is subject to fluctuation on a quarterly and annual basis.

3M business segment reporting measures include dual credit to business segments for certain U.S. sales and related operating income. Management evaluates each of its five business segments based on net sales and operating income performance, including dual credit U.S. reporting to further incentivize U.S. sales growth. As a result, 3M reflects additional (“dual”) credit to another business segment when the customer account activity (“sales district”) with respect to the particular product sold to the external customer in the U.S. is provided by a different business segment. This additional dual credit is largely reflected at the division level. For example, certain respirators are primarily sold by the Personal Safety Division within the Safety and Graphics business segment; however, a sales district within the Industrial business segment provides the contact for sales of the product to particular customers in the U.S. market. In this example, the non-primary selling segment (Industrial) would also receive credit for the associated net sales initiated though its sales district and the related approximate operating income. The assigned operating income related to dual credit activity may differ from operating income that would result from actual costs associated with such sales. The offset to the dual credit business segment reporting is reflected as a reconciling item entitled “Elimination of Dual Credit,” such that sales and operating income for the U.S. in total are unchanged.

Certain sales and operating income results for electronic bonding product lines are equally divided between the Electronics and Energy business segment and the Industrial business segment.

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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The interim consolidated financial statements are unaudited but, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. These adjustments consist of normal, recurring items. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. The interim consolidated financial statements and notes are presented as permitted by the requirements for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes included in its 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. As described in Note 12, effective in the first quarter of 2017, the Company changed its business segment reporting in its continuing effort to improve the alignment of businesses around markets and customers. These changes included the integration of the former Renewable Energy Division into existing divisions, the combining of two divisions to form the Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division, and consolidation of U.S. customer account activity, impacting dual credit reporting. The Company began reporting comparative results under this new structure with the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In the second quarter of 2017, the Company plans to update its business segment disclosures in its 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K via a Current Report on Form 8-K to reflect these changes.

Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign Currency Translation

Local currencies generally are considered the functional currencies outside the United States. Assets and liabilities for operations in local-currency environments are translated at month-end exchange rates of the period reported. Income and expense items are translated at month-end exchange rates of each applicable month. Cumulative translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity. 

3M has a subsidiary in Venezuela, the financial statements of which are remeasured as if its functional currency were that of its parent because Venezuela’s economic environment is considered highly inflationary. The operating income of this subsidiary represented less than 1.0 percent of 3M’s consolidated operating income for 2016. The Venezuelan government sets official rates of exchange and conditions precedent to purchase foreign currency at these rates with local currency. The government also operates various expanded secondary currency exchange mechanisms that have been eliminated and replaced from time to time. Such rates and conditions have been and continue to be subject to change. For the periods presented, the financial statements of 3M’s Venezuelan subsidiary were remeasured utilizing the rate associated with the secondary auction mechanism, Tipo de Cambio Complementario (DICOM), or its predecessor. During the same periods, the Venezuelan government’s official exchange was Tipo de Cambio Protegido (DIPRO), or its predecessor.

Note 1 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K provides additional information the Company considers in determining the exchange rate used relative to its Venezuelan subsidiary as well as factors which could lead to its deconsolidation. The Company continues to monitor these circumstances. Changes in applicable exchange rates or exchange mechanisms may continue in the future. These changes could impact the rate of exchange applicable to remeasure the Company’s net monetary assets (liabilities) denominated in Venezuelan Bolivars (VEF). As of March 31, 2017, the Company had a balance of net monetary assets denominated in VEF of less than 2 billion VEF and the DIPRO and DICOM exchange rates were approximately 10 VEF and 710 VEF per U.S. dollar, respectively. A need to deconsolidate the Company’s Venezuelan subsidiary’s operations may result from a lack of exchangeability of VEF-denominated cash coupled with an acute degradation in the ability to make key operational decisions due to government regulations in Venezuela. Based upon a review of factors as of March 31, 2017, the Company continues to consolidate its Venezuelan subsidiary. As of March 31, 2017, the balance of intercompany receivables due from this subsidiary and its equity balance were not significant.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share

The difference in the weighted average 3M shares outstanding for calculating basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders is a result of the dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans. Certain options outstanding under these stock-based compensation plans were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders because they would not have had a dilutive effect (3.2 million average options for the three months ended March 31, 2017; 9.0 million average options for the three months ended March 31, 2016). The computations for basic and diluted earnings per share follow:

Earnings Per Share Computations

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)	2017		2016
Numerator:
Net income attributable to 3M	$	1,323	$	1,275
Denominator:
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – basic		598.1		607.4
Dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans		13.9		13.9
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – diluted		612.0		621.3
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders – basic	$	2.21	$	2.10
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders – diluted	$	2.16	$	2.05

New Accounting Pronouncements

New Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and in August 2015 issued ASU No. 2015-14, which amended the standard as to effective date. The ASU provides a single comprehensive model to be used in the accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The standard’s stated core principle is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle the ASU includes provisions within a five step model that includes identifying the contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations, and recognizing revenue when (or as) an entity satisfies a performance obligation. The standard also specifies the accounting for some costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer and requires expanded disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. During 2016, the FASB also issued ASU No. 2016-08, Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net); ASU No. 2016-10, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing; ASU No. 2016-12, Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, and ASU No. 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers which amend ASU No. 2014-09. These amendments include clarification of principal versus agent guidance in situations in which a revenue transaction involves a third party in providing goods or services to a customer. In such circumstances, an entity must determine whether the nature of its promise to the customer is to provide the underlying goods or services (i.e., the entity is the principal in the transaction) or to arrange for the third party to provide the underlying goods or services (i.e., the entity is the agent in the transaction). The amendments clarify, in terms of identifying performance obligations, how entities would determine whether promised goods or services are separately identifiable from other promises in a contract and, therefore, would be accounted for separately. The guidance allows entities to disregard goods or services that are immaterial in the context of a contract and provides an accounting policy election to account for shipping and handling activities as fulfillment costs rather than as additional promised services. With regard to the licensing, the amendments clarify how an entity would evaluate the nature of its promise in granting a license of intellectual property, which determines whether the entity recognizes revenue over time or at a point in time. The amendments also address implementation issues relative to transition (adding a practical expedient for contract modifications and clarifying what constitutes a completed contract when employing full or modified retrospective transition methods), collectability, noncash consideration, and the presentation of sales and other similar-type taxes (allowing entities to exclude sales-type taxes collected from transaction price). Finally, the amendments make certain technical corrections and provide additional guidance in the areas of disclosure of performance obligations, provisions for losses on certain types of contracts, scoping, and other areas. Overall, ASU No. 2014-09, as amended, provides for either full retrospective adoption or a modified retrospective adoption by which it is applied only to the most current period presented. For 3M, the ASU is effective January 1, 2018. The Company is continuing to evaluate the standard’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition. 3M has conducted initial analyses, developed project management relative to the process of adopting this ASU, and is currently completing detailed contract reviews to determine necessary adjustments to existing accounting policies and to support an evaluation of the standard’s impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition. For the majority of 3M’s revenue arrangements, no significant impacts are expected as these transactions are not accounted for under industry-specific guidance that will be superseded by the ASU and generally consist of a single performance obligation to transfer promised goods or services. However, in addition to expanded disclosures regarding revenue, the ASU could, for example, impact the timing of revenue recognition in some arrangements for which software industry-specific guidance (which the ASU supersedes) is presently utilized. The Company currently anticipates utilizing the modified retrospective method of adoption on January 1, 2018.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory, which modified previous requirements regarding measuring inventory at the lower of cost or market. Under previous standards, the market amount required consideration of replacement cost, net realizable value (NRV), and NRV less an approximately normal profit margin. The new ASU replaced market with NRV, defined as estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. This eliminated the need to determine and consider replacement cost or NRV less an approximately normal profit margin when measuring inventory. 3M adopted this standard prospectively beginning January 1, 2017. The adoption did not have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which revises the accounting related to (1) the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and (2) the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value. The ASU also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. The new guidance requires the fair value measurement of investments in equity securities and other ownership interests in an entity, including investments in partnerships, unincorporated joint ventures and limited liability companies (collectively, equity securities) that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method. Entities will need to measure these investments and recognize changes in fair value in net income. Entities will no longer be able to recognize unrealized holding gains and losses on equity securities they classify under current guidance as available for sale in other comprehensive income (OCI). They also will no longer be able to use the cost method of accounting for equity securities that do not have readily determinable fair values. Instead, for these types of equity investments that do not otherwise qualify for the net asset value practical expedient, entities will be permitted to elect a practicability exception and measure the investment at cost less impairment plus or minus observable price changes (in orderly transactions). The ASU also establishes an incremental recognition and disclosure requirement related to the presentation of fair value changes of financial liabilities for which the fair value option (FVO) has been elected. Under this guidance, an entity would be required to separately present in OCI the portion of the total fair value change attributable to instrument-specific credit risk as opposed to reflecting the entire amount in earnings. For derivative liabilities for which the FVO has been elected, however, any changes in fair value attributable to instrument-specific credit risk would continue to be presented in net income, which is consistent with current guidance. For 3M, this standard is effective beginning January 1, 2018 via a cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings, except for guidance relative to equity securities without readily determinable fair values which is applied prospectively. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition, however, 3M has historically held limited amounts of equity securities and cost method investments (less than $75 million in aggregate at March 31, 2017), and has not elected the FVO with respect to material financial liabilities.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, replacing existing lease accounting guidance. The new standard introduces a lessee model that would require entities to recognize assets and liabilities for most leases, but recognize expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current accounting. The ASU does not make fundamental changes to existing lessor accounting. However, it modifies what qualifies as a sales-type and direct financing lease and related accounting and aligns a number of the underlying principles with those of the new revenue standard, ASU No. 2014-09, such as evaluating how collectability should be considered and determining when profit can be recognized. The guidance eliminates existing real estate-specific provisions and requires expanded qualitative and quantitative disclosures. The standard requires modified retrospective transition by which it is applied at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the year of adoption. For 3M, the ASU is effective January 1, 2019. Information under existing lease guidance with respect to rent expense for operating leases and the Company’s minimum lease payments for capital and operating leases with non-cancelable terms in excess one year as of December 31, 2016 is included in Note 14 in 3M’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-06, Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments. This ASU clarified guidance used to determine if debt instruments that contain contingent put or call options require separation of the embedded put or call feature from the debt instrument and trigger accounting for the feature as a derivative with changes in fair value recorded through income. Under the new guidance, fewer put or call options embedded in debt instruments require derivative accounting. For 3M, this ASU was effective January 1, 2017. The Company’s outstanding debt with embedded put provisions did not require separate derivative accounting under previous guidance. As a result, the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-07, Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting, which eliminated the previous requirement to apply the equity method of accounting retrospectively (revising prior periods as if the equity method had always been applied) when an entity obtained significant influence over a previously held investment. The new guidance requires the investor to apply the equity method prospectively from the date the investment qualifies for the equity method. The investor would add the carrying value of the existing investment to the cost of any additional investment to determine the initial cost basis of the equity method investment. For 3M, this ASU was effective January 1, 2017 on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. 3M will apply this guidance to investments that transition to the equity method after the adoption date.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which revises guidance for the accounting for credit losses on financial instruments within its scope. The new standard introduces an approach, based on expected losses, to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments and modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. The new approach to estimating credit losses (referred to as the current expected credit losses model) applies to most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade and other receivables, loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, net investments in leases and off-balance-sheet credit exposures. With respect to available-for-sale (AFS) debt securities, the ASU amends the current other-than-temporary impairment model. For such securities with unrealized losses, entities will still consider if a portion of any impairment is related only to credit losses and therefore recognized as a reduction in income. However, rather than also reflecting that credit loss amount as a permanent reduction in cost (amortized cost) basis of that AFS debt security, the ASU requires that credit losses be reflected as an allowance. As a result, under certain circumstances, a recovery in value could result in previous allowances, or portions thereof, reversing back into income. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Entities are required to apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which was intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The standard provided guidance in a number of situations including, among others, settlement of zero-coupon bonds, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, and distributions received from equity method investees. The ASU also provided guidance for classifying cash receipts and payments that have aspects of more than one class of cash flows. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted ASU No. 2016-15 as of January 1, 2017. Since the associated changes in classification were immaterial to all prior periods presented, no impact was reflected in the Company’s pre-2017 consolidated results of operations and financial condition presented.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, which modifies existing guidance and is intended to reduce diversity in practice with respect to the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets. The ASU indicates that the current exception to income tax accounting that requires companies to defer the income tax effects of certain intercompany transactions would apply only to intercompany inventory transactions. That is, the exception would no longer apply to intercompany sales and transfers of other assets (e.g., intangible assets). Under the existing exception, income tax expense associated with intra-entity profits in an intercompany sale or transfer of assets is eliminated from earnings. Instead, that cost is deferred and recorded on the balance sheet (e.g., as a prepaid asset) until the assets leave the consolidated group. Similarly, the entity is prohibited from recognizing deferred tax assets for the increases in tax bases due to the intercompany sale or transfer. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted as of January 1, 2017. The standard requires modified retrospective transition with a cumulative catch-up adjustment to opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. Upon adoption, a company would write off any income tax effects that had been deferred from past intercompany transactions involving non-inventory assets to opening retained earnings. In addition, an entity would record deferred tax assets with an offset to opening retained earnings for amounts that entity had previously not recognized under existing guidance but would recognize under the new guidance. While 3M could initiate additional relevant transactions prior to this ASU’s adoption date, based on deferred tax amounts related to applicable past intercompany transactions as of December 31, 2016, the Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-17, Interests Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control, which modified previous guidance with respect to how a decision maker that holds an indirect interest in a variable interest entity (VIE) through a common control party determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE as part of the analysis of whether the VIE would need to be consolidated. Under the ASU, a decision maker would need to consider only its proportionate indirect interest in the VIE held through a common control party. Previous guidance had required the decision maker to treat the common control party’s interest in the VIE as if the decision maker held the interest itself. As a result of the ASU, in certain cases, previous consolidation conclusions may change. For 3M, the standard was effective January 1, 2017 with retrospective application to January 1, 2016. 3M does not have significant involvement with entities subject to consolidation considerations impacted by VIE model factors. As a result, the adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Restricted Cash, which clarified guidance on the classification and presentation of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. Under the ASU, changes in restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents would be included along with those of cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. As a result, entities would no longer present transfers between cash/equivalents and restricted cash/equivalents in the statement of cash flows. In addition, a reconciliation between the balance sheet and the statement of cash flows would be disclosed when the balance sheet includes more than one line item for cash/equivalents and restricted cash/equivalents. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted ASU No. 2016-18 as of January 1, 2017. Due to the immaterial use of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, no impact was reflected in the Company’s pre-2017 consolidated results of operations and financial condition presented.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which narrows the existing definition of a business and provides a framework for evaluating whether a transaction should be accounted for as an acquisition (or disposal) of assets or a business. The ASU requires an entity to evaluate if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets; if so, the set of transferred assets and activities (collectively, the set) is not a business. To be considered a business, the set would need to include an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs. The standard also narrows the definition of outputs. The definition of a business affects areas of accounting such as acquisitions, disposals and goodwill. Under the new guidance, fewer acquired sets are expected to be considered businesses. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018 on a prospective basis with early adoption permitted. 3M would apply this guidance to applicable transactions after the adoption date.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. Under the new standard, goodwill impairment would be measured as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying value of goodwill. This ASU eliminates existing guidance that requires an entity to determine goodwill impairment by calculating the implied fair value of goodwill by hypothetically assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. For 3M, this ASU is effective prospectively to impairment tests beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. 3M currently plans to early adopt this ASU in the fourth quarter of 2017. 3M would apply this guidance to applicable impairment tests after the adoption date.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets. This ASU addresses scope-related questions that arose after the FASB issued its revenue guidance in ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The new standard clarifies the accounting for derecognition of nonfinancial assets and defines what is considered an in substance nonfinancial asset. Nonfinancial assets largely relate to items such as real estate, ships and intellectual property that do not constitute a business. The new ASU impacts entities derecognizing (e.g. selling) nonfinancial assets (or in substance nonfinancial assets), including partial interests therein, when the purchaser is not a customer. Under the new guidance, the seller would apply certain recognition and measurement principles of ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, even though the purchaser is not a customer. For 3M, this new standard is effective coincident with the Company’s January 1, 2018 adoption of ASU No. 2014-09. The Company is currently assessing this ASU’s impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. This ASU changes how employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement benefit plans present the net periodic benefit cost in the income statement. Under the new standard, only the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost would be included in operating expenses and only the service cost component would be eligible for capitalization into assets such as inventory. All other net periodic benefit costs components (such as interest, expected return on plan assets, prior service cost amortization and actuarial gain/loss amortization) would essentially be reported outside of operating income. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2018 on a retrospective basis; however, guidance limiting the capitalization to only the service cost component is applied on prospective basis. The components of 3M’s net periodic defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit costs are presented in Note 7. These include components totaling a benefit of $32 million and $52 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, that would no longer be included within operating expenses and instead would be reported outside of income from operations under the new standard.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities, which amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. Under existing standards, entities generally amortize the premium as an adjustment of yield over the contractual life of the instrument. The new guidance shortens the amortization period to the earliest call date for certain callable debt securities that have explicit, noncontingent call features and are callable at a fixed price and preset date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount. For 3M, this ASU is effective January 1, 2019 with a modified retrospective transition resulting in a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. Early adoption is permitted. 3M’s marketable security portfolio includes very limited instances of callable debt securities held at a premium. As a result, the Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

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Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Significant Accounting Policies

Earnings per share

Earnings Per Share Computations

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)	2017		2016
Numerator:
Net income attributable to 3M	$	1,323	$	1,275
Denominator:
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – basic		598.1		607.4
Dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans		13.9		13.9
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – diluted		612.0		621.3
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders – basic	$	2.21	$	2.10
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders – diluted	$	2.16	$	2.05

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Acquisitions (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Acquisitions

Approximate amounts of major assets and liabilities associated with disposal groups classified as held-for-sale

	March 31,		December 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Accounts receivable	$	25	$	25
Property, plant and equipment (net)		20		25
Intangible assets		25		35
Deferred revenue (other current liabilities)		30		35

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

	December 31, 2016		Acquisition		Translation		March 31, 2017
(Millions)	Balance		activity		and other		Balance
Industrial	$	2,536	$	—	$	41	$	2,577
Safety and Graphics		3,324		—		20		3,344
Health Care		1,609		—		18		1,627
Electronics and Energy		1,489		—		13		1,502
Consumer		208		—		—		208
Total Company	$	9,166	$	—	$	92	$	9,258

Acquired Intangible Assets

	March 31,		December 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Customer related intangible assets	$	1,935	$	1,939
Patents		604		602
Other technology-based intangible assets		527		524
Definite-lived tradenames		417		420
Other amortizable intangible assets		213		211
Total gross carrying amount	$	3,696	$	3,696
Accumulated amortization — customer related		(824)		(797)
Accumulated amortization — patents		(506)		(497)
Accumulated amortization — other technology based		(315)		(302)
Accumulated amortization — definite-lived tradenames		(239)		(236)
Accumulated amortization — other		(176)		(173)
Total accumulated amortization	$	(2,060)	$	(2,005)
Total finite-lived intangible assets — net	$	1,636	$	1,691
Non-amortizable intangible assets (primarily tradenames)		633		629
Total intangible assets — net	$	2,269	$	2,320

Schedule of amortization expense for acquired intangible assets

Amortization expense for acquired intangible assets for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 follows:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Amortization expense	$	64	$	66

Schedule of expected amortization expense for acquired amortizable intangible assets

Expected amortization expense for acquired amortizable intangible assets recorded as of March 31, 2017:

	Remainder
	of												After
(Millions)	2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2022
Amortization expense	$	183	$	195	$	186	$	177	$	161	$	146	$	588

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Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

Three months ended March 31, 2017

			3M Company Shareholders
			Common						Accumulated
			Stock and						Other
			Additional						Comprehensive		Non-
			Paid-in		Retained		Treasury		Income		controlling
(Millions)	Total		Capital		Earnings		Stock		(Loss)		Interest
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	10,343	$	5,070	$	37,907	$	(25,434)	$	(7,245)	$	45
Net income		1,326				1,323						3
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment		292								289		3
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans adjustment		83								83		—
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)		(76)								(76)		—
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		299
Dividends declared		(702)				(702)
Stock-based compensation		128		128
Reacquired stock		(678)						(678)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans		324				(434)		758
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	11,040	$	5,198	$	38,094	$	(25,354)	$	(6,949)	$	51

Three months ended March 31, 2016

			3M Company Shareholders
			Common						Accumulated
			Stock and						Other
			Additional						Comprehensive		Non-
			Paid-in		Retained		Treasury		Income		controlling
(Millions)	Total		Capital		Earnings		Stock		(Loss)		Interest
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	11,468	$	4,800	$	36,296	$	(23,308)	$	(6,359)	$	39
Net income		1,278				1,275						3
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment		138								139		(1)
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans adjustment		69								69		—
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)		(110)								(110)		—
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		97
Dividends declared		(672)				(672)
Stock-based compensation		125		125
Reacquired stock		(1,163)						(1,163)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans		362				(393)		755
Balance at March 31, 2016	$	11,495	$	4,925	$	36,506	$	(23,716)	$	(6,261)	$	41

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to 3M

Three months ended March 31, 2017

							Total
			Defined Benefit		Cash Flow		Accumulated
			Pension and		Hedging		Other
	Cumulative		Postretirement		Instruments,		Comprehensive
	Translation		Plans		Unrealized		Income
(Millions)	Adjustment		Adjustment		Gain (Loss)		(Loss)
Balance at December 31, 2016, net of tax:	$	(2,008)	$	(5,328)	$	91	$	(7,245)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications		226		—		(101)		125
Amounts reclassified out		—		119		(18)		101
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax		226		119		(119)		226
Tax effect		63		(36)		43		70
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		289		83		(76)		296
Balance at March 31, 2017, net of tax:	$	(1,719)	$	(5,245)	$	15	$	(6,949)

Three months ended March 31, 2016

							Total
			Defined Benefit		Cash Flow		Accumulated
			Pension and		Hedging		Other
	Cumulative		Postretirement		Instruments,		Comprehensive
	Translation		Plans		Unrealized		Income
(Millions)	Adjustment		Adjustment		Gain (Loss)		(Loss)
Balance at December 31, 2015, net of tax:	$	(1,679)	$	(4,804)	$	124	$	(6,359)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications		60		—		(121)		(61)
Amounts reclassified out		—		103		(52)		51
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax		60		103		(173)		(10)
Tax effect		79		(34)		63		108
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		139		69		(110)		98
Balance at March 31, 2016, net of tax:	$	(1,540)	$	(4,735)	$	14	$	(6,261)

Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

	Amount Reclassified from
Details about Accumulated Other	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive Income Components	Three months ended March 31,				Location on Income
(Millions)	2017		2016		Statement
Gains (losses) associated with, defined benefit pension and postretirement plans amortization
Transition asset	$	—	$	—	See Note 7
Prior service benefit		22		23	See Note 7
Net actuarial loss		(141)		(126)	See Note 7
Total before tax		(119)		(103)
Tax effect		36		34	Provision for income taxes
Net of tax	$	(83)	$	(69)
Cash flow hedging instruments gains (losses)
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	18	$	53	Cost of sales
Interest rate swap contracts		—		(1)	Interest expense
Total before tax		18		52
Tax effect		(6)		(18)	Provision for income taxes
Net of tax	$	12	$	34
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(71)	$	(35)

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Marketable Securities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Marketable Securities

Schedule of Marketable Securities

	March 31,		December 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Corporate debt securities	$	10	$	10
Commercial paper		1		14
Certificates of deposit/time deposits		89		197
U.S. municipal securities		3		3
Asset-backed securities:
Automobile loan related		29		31
Credit card related		9		18
Other		—		7
Asset-backed securities total		38		56
Current marketable securities	$	141	$	280
U.S. municipal securities	$	17	$	17
Non-current marketable securities	$	17	$	17
Total marketable securities	$	158	$	297

Marketable securities by contractual maturity

(Millions)	March 31, 2017
Due in one year or less	$	95
Due after one year through five years		59
Due after five years through ten years		4
Total marketable securities	$	158

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Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

Components of net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

	Three months ended March 31,
	Qualified and Non-qualified
	Pension Benefits								Postretirement
	United States				International				Benefits
(Millions)	2017		2016		2017		2016		2017		2016
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
Service cost	$	67	$	65	$	33	$	33	$	13	$	13
Interest cost		142		143		37		43		19		20
Expected return on plan assets		(259)		(260)		(69)		(78)		(21)		(23)
Amortization of transition (asset) obligation		—		—		—		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)		(6)		(6)		(3)		(3)		(13)		(14)
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss		97		88		30		22		14		16
Settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other	$	41	$	30	$	28	$	17	$	12	$	12

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Derivatives (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Derivatives

Gain (loss) on derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges

			Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in
	Pretax Gain (Loss)		Income on Effective Portion of			Ineffective Portion of Gain
	Recognized in Other		Derivative as a Result of			(Loss) on Derivative and
	Comprehensive		Reclassification from			Amount Excluded from
	Income on Effective		Accumulated Other			Effectiveness Testing
Three months ended March 31, 2017	Portion of Derivative		Comprehensive Income			Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	(100)	Cost of sales	$	18	Cost of sales	$	—
Interest rate swap contracts		(1)	Interest expense		—	Interest expense		—
Total	$	(101)		$	18		$	—

Three months ended March 31, 2016	Portion of Derivative		Comprehensive Income			Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	(120)	Cost of sales	$	53	Cost of sales	$	—
Interest rate swap contracts		(1)	Interest expense		(1)	Interest expense		—
Total	$	(121)		$	52		$	—

Gain (loss) on derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges

	Gain (Loss) on Derivative			Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item
Three months ended March 31, 2017	Recognized in Income			Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Interest rate swap contracts	Interest expense	$	(5)	Interest expense	$	5
Total		$	(5)		$	5

Three months ended March 31, 2016
(Millions)	Location	Amount		Location	Amount
Interest rate swap contracts	Interest expense	$	29	Interest expense	$	(29)
Total		$	29		$	(29)

Gain (loss) on derivative and non-derivative instruments designated as net investment hedges

	Pretax Gain (Loss)
	Recognized as
	Cumulative Translation
	within Other		Ineffective Portion of Gain (Loss) on
	Comprehensive Income		Instrument and Amount Excluded
	on Effective Portion of		from Effectiveness Testing
Three months ended March 31, 2017	Instrument		Recognized in Income
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency denominated debt	$	(121)	N/A	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts		(20)	Cost of sales		2
Total	$	(141)		$	2

Three months ended March 31, 2016	Comprehenive Income		Instrument and Amount Excluded
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Amount
Foreign currency denominated debt	$	(144)	N/A	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts		(43)	Cost of sales		(2)
Total	$	(187)		$	(2)

Gain (loss) on derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments

	Three months ended March 31, 2017
	Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in
	Income
(Millions)	Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	Cost of sales	$	(1)
Foreign currency forward contracts	Interest expense		42
Total		$	41

	Three months ended March 31, 2016
	Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in
	Income
(Millions)	Location	Amount
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	Cost of sales	$	(5)
Foreign currency forward contracts	Interest expense		(65)
Total		$	(70)

Location and Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

	Gross		Assets			Liabilities
March 31, 2017	Notional			Fair			Fair
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Value Amount		Location	Value Amount
Derivatives designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	2,150	Other current assets	$	42	Other current liabilities	$	37
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		1,470	Other assets		57	Other liabilities		12
Interest rate swap contracts		400	Other current assets		2	Other current liabilities		1
Interest rate swap contracts		1,753	Other assets		22	Other liabilities		4
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments				$	123		$	54
Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	6,293	Other current assets	$	52	Other current liabilities	$	29
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments				$	52		$	29
Total derivative instruments				$	175		$	83

	Gross		Assets			Liabilities
December 31, 2016	Notional			Fair			Fair
(Millions)	Amount		Location	Value Amount		Location	Value Amount
Derivatives designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	2,160	Other current assets	$	107	Other current liabilities	$	9
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		1,459	Other assets		86	Other liabilities		3
Interest rate swap contracts		1,953	Other assets		25	Other current liabilities		1
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments				$	218		$	13
Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts	$	5,655	Other current assets	$	41	Other current liabilities	$	82
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments				$	41		$	82
Total derivative instruments				$	259		$	95

Offsetting Assets

Offsetting of Financial Assets under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties

			Gross Amounts not Offset in the
			Consolidated Balance Sheet that are Subject
	Gross Amount of		to Master Netting Agreements
	Derivative Assets		Gross Amount of
	Presented in the		Eligible Offsetting
March 31, 2017	Consolidated		Recognized		Cash Collateral		Net Amount of
(Millions)	Balance Sheet		Derivative Liabilities		Received		Derivative Assets
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	174	$	60	$	—	$	114
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		1						1
Total	$	175					$	115

December 31, 2016
(Millions)
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	259	$	39	$	—	$	220
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		—						—
Total	$	259					$	220

Offsetting Liabilities

Offsetting of Financial Liabilities under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties

			Gross Amounts not Offset in the
			Consolidated Balance Sheet that are Subject
	Gross Amount of		to Master Netting Agreements
	Derivative Liabilities		Gross Amount of
	Presented in the		Eligible Offsetting
March 31, 2017	Consolidated		Recognized		Cash Collateral		Net Amount of
(Millions)	Balance Sheet		Derivative Assets		Pledged		Derivative Liabilities
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	77	$	60	$	—	$	17
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		6						6
Total	$	83					$	23

December 31, 2016
(Millions)
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements	$	93	$	39	$	—	$	54
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements		2						2
Total	$	95					$	56

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis

			Fair Value Measurements
Description	Fair Value at		Using Inputs Considered as
(Millions)	March 31, 2017		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Available-for-sale:
Marketable securities:
Corporate debt securities	$	10	$	—	$	10	$	—
Commercial paper		1		—		1		—
Certificates of deposit/time deposits		89		—		89		—
Asset-backed securities:
Automobile loan related		29		—		29		—
Credit card related		9		—		9		—
U.S. municipal securities		20		—		—		20
Derivative instruments — assets:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		151		—		151		—
Interest rate swap contracts		24		—		24		—
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments — liabilities:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		78		—		78		—
Interest rate swap contracts		5		—		5		—

			Fair Value Measurements
Description	Fair Value at		Using Inputs Considered as
(Millions)	December 31, 2016		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Available-for-sale:
Marketable securities:
Corporate debt securities	$	10	$	—	$	10	$	—
Commercial paper		14		—		14		—
Certificates of deposit/time deposits		197		—		197		—
Asset-backed securities:
Automobile loan related		31		—		31		—
Credit card related		18		—		18		—
Other		7		—		7		—
U.S. municipal securities		20		—		—		20
Derivative instruments — assets:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		234		—		234		—
Interest rate swap contracts		25		—		25		—
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments — liabilities:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts		94		—		94		—
Interest rate swap contracts		1		—		1		—

Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation

	Three months ended
Marketable securities — certain U.S. municipal securities only	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Beginning balance	$	20	$	12
Total gains or losses:
Included in earnings		—		—
Included in other comprehensive income		—		—
Purchases and issuances		—		6
Sales and settlements		—		—
Transfers in and/or out of level 3		—		—
Ending balance	$	20	$	18
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for securities held at the end of the reporting period		—		—

Fair Value of Financial Instruments by Balance Sheet Grouping

	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
(Millions)	Value		Value		Value		Value
Long-term debt, excluding current portion	$	10,802	$	11,337	$	10,678	$	11,168

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Cost of sales	$	23	$	23
Selling, general and administrative expenses		98		96
Research, development and related expenses		26		25
Stock-based compensation expenses	$	147	$	144
Income tax benefits	$	(148)	$	(127)
Stock-based compensation expenses (benefits), net of tax	$	(1)	$	17

Stock Option Activity

Stock Option Program

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

				Weighted
				Average
		Weighted		Remaining	Aggregate
	Number of	Average		Contractual	Intrinsic Value
	Options	Exercise Price		Life (months)	(millions)
Under option —
January 1	36,196,232	$	112.07
Granted:
Annual	5,409,628		175.93
Exercised	(3,037,302)		89.29
Canceled	(42,849)		156.38
March 31	38,525,709	$	122.78	76	$	2,641
Options exercisable
March 31	27,691,364	$	106.36	63	$	2,353

Stock Option Assumptions

Stock Option Assumptions

	Annual
	2017
Exercise price	$	175.76
Risk-free interest rate		2.1	%
Dividend yield		2.5	%
Expected volatility		17.3	%
Expected life (months)		78
Black-Scholes fair value	$	23.51

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units Activity

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes restricted stock and restricted stock unit activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

		Weighted
		Average
	Number of	Grant Date
	Awards	Fair Value
Nonvested balance —
As of January 1	2,185,046	$	145.64
Granted
Annual	604,256		176.10
Other	571		175.17
Vested	(724,705)		127.57
Forfeited	(12,014)		153.49
As of March 31	2,053,154	$	160.94

Performance Shares Activity

The following table summarizes performance share activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:

		Weighted
		Average
	Number of	Grant Date
	Awards	Fair Value
Undistributed balance —
As of January 1	656,278	$	142.98
Granted	181,898		189.75
Distributed	(312,173)		124.63
Performance change	110,965		174.05
Forfeited	(1,682)		159.53
As of March 31	635,286	$	170.77

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Business Segments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Business Segment

Business Segment Information

Business Segment Information

	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Millions)	2017		2016
Net Sales
Industrial	$	2,709	$	2,599
Safety and Graphics		1,527		1,477
Health Care		1,423		1,391
Electronics and Energy		1,210		1,089
Consumer		1,042		1,050
Corporate and Unallocated		2		—
Elimination of Dual Credit		(228)		(197)
Total Company	$	7,685	$	7,409
Operating Income
Industrial	$	625	$	622
Safety and Graphics		399		359
Health Care		434		457
Electronics and Energy		225		195
Consumer		222		238
Corporate and Unallocated		(81)		(40)
Elimination of Dual Credit		(50)		(43)
Total Company	$	1,774	$	1,788

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Significant Accounting Policies - Basis of Presentation (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 division
Significant Accounting Policies
Number of divisions combined to form new division	2

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Significant Accounting Policies - Foreign Currency Translation (Details) VEF in Billions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2017 VEF
Foreign Currency Translation
Maximum balance of company's net monetary assets in Venezuelan bolivars		VEF 2
Exchange rate established by Venezuelan government from bolivars to dollars - DIPRO		10
Exchange rate established by Venezuelan government from bolivars to dollars - DICOM		710
Maximum
Foreign Currency Translation
Operating income of Venezuelan subsidiary as percent of consolidated amount high end of range	1.00%

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Significant Accounting Policies - Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Earnings per share
Options outstanding not included in computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	3.2	9.0
Numerator:
Net income attributable to 3M	$ 1,323	$ 1,275
Denominator:
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	598.1	607.4
Dilution associated with the Company's stock-based compensation plans (in shares)	13.9	13.9
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	612.0	621.3
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders - basic (in dollars per share)	$ 2.21	$ 2.10
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders - diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 2.16	$ 2.05

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Significant Accounting Policies - New Accounting Pronouncements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
ASU 2016-01 Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Approximate equity securities and cost method investments in aggregate	$ 75
ASU 2017-07 Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Amount of net periodic benefit costs (benefits) that will no longer be included within operating expenses once ASU No. 2017-07 is adopted.	$ (32)	$ (52)

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Acquisitions and Divestitures - Acquisitions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Business Acquisitions Information
Purchase price paid for business combinations (net of cash acquired)		$ 4
Supplemental information:
Purchase price paid for business combinations (net of cash acquired)		$ 4
Scott Safety
Supplemental information:
Estimated purchase price to acquire business	$ 2,000
Annual sales prior to acquisition	$ 570

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Acquisitions and Divestitures - Divestitures (Details) $ in Millions		1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	May 01, 2017 USD ($)	May 31, 2017 item	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($)
Identity Management Business | Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations
Divestiture Information
Annual sales of divested business	$ 205
Aggregate selling price relative to the divestiture transaction				$ 850
Aggregate pre-tax gain on sale	$ 470
Identity Management Business | Disposal Group, Held-for-sale, Not Discontinued Operations
Divestiture Information
Disposal - Accounts receivable			$ 25	25
Disposal - Property, plant and equipment			20	25
Disposal - Intangible assets			25	35
Disposal - Deferred revenue			30	35
Disposal - Goodwill			250	270
Safety Prescription Eyewear Business | Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations
Divestiture Information
Annual sales of divested business			45
Aggregate pre-tax gain on sale			$ 29
Identity Management and Safety Prescription Eyewear In Aggregate | Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations
Divestiture Information
Number of businesses sold | item		2
Aggregate operating income of divested businesses				$ 20	$ 20

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Goodwill balance by business segment) (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Goodwill
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 9,166
Translation and other	92
Balance at the end of the period	9,258
Industrial
Goodwill
Balance at the beginning of the period	2,536
Translation and other	41
Balance at the end of the period	2,577
Safety and Graphics
Goodwill
Balance at the beginning of the period	3,324
Translation and other	20
Balance at the end of the period	3,344
Health Care
Goodwill
Balance at the beginning of the period	1,609
Translation and other	18
Balance at the end of the period	1,627
Electronics and Energy
Goodwill
Balance at the beginning of the period	1,489
Translation and other	13
Balance at the end of the period	1,502
Consumer
Goodwill
Balance at the beginning of the period	208
Balance at the end of the period	$ 208

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Acquired Intangible Assets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Acquired intangible assets disclosures
Total gross carrying amount	$ 3,696	$ 3,696
Total accumulated amortization	(2,060)	(2,005)
Total finite-lived intangible assets - net	1,636	1,691
Non-amortizable intangible assets (primarily tradenames)	633	629
Total intangible assets - net	$ 2,269	2,320
Minimum
Acquired intangible assets disclosures
Indefinite lived tradenames years in existence	55 years
Customer related intangible assets
Acquired intangible assets disclosures
Total gross carrying amount	$ 1,935	1,939
Total accumulated amortization	(824)	(797)
Patents
Acquired intangible assets disclosures
Total gross carrying amount	604	602
Total accumulated amortization	(506)	(497)
Other technology-based intangible assets
Acquired intangible assets disclosures
Total gross carrying amount	527	524
Total accumulated amortization	(315)	(302)
Definite-lived tradenames
Acquired intangible assets disclosures
Total gross carrying amount	417	420
Total accumulated amortization	(239)	(236)
Other amortizable intangible assets
Acquired intangible assets disclosures
Total gross carrying amount	213	211
Total accumulated amortization	$ (176)	$ (173)

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Schedules for Amortization Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Finite Lived Intangible Asset
Amortization expense for acquired intangible assets	$ 64	$ 66
Expected amortization expense for acquired intangible assets recorded as of balance sheet date
Remainder of 2017	183
2018	195
2019	186
2020	177
2021	161
2022	146
After 2022	$ 588

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Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Increase (decrease) in equity
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 10,343	$ 11,468
Net income	1,326	1,278
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment	292	138
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment	83	69
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)	(76)	(110)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	299	97
Dividends declared	(702)	(672)
Stock-based compensation	128	125
Reacquired stock	(678)	(1,163)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans	324	362
Balance at the end of the period	11,040	11,495
Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital
Increase (decrease) in equity
Balance at the beginning of the period	5,070	4,800
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Stock-based compensation	128	125
Balance at the end of the period	5,198	4,925
Retained Earnings
Increase (decrease) in equity
Balance at the beginning of the period	37,907	36,296
Net income	1,323	1,275
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Dividends declared	(702)	(672)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans	(434)	(393)
Balance at the end of the period	38,094	36,506
Treasury Stock
Increase (decrease) in equity
Balance at the beginning of the period	(25,434)	(23,308)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Reacquired stock	(678)	(1,163)
Issuances pursuant to stock option and benefit plans	758	755
Balance at the end of the period	(25,354)	(23,716)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Increase (decrease) in equity
Balance at the beginning of the period	(7,245)	(6,359)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment	289	139
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment	83	69
Cash flow hedging instruments - unrealized gain (loss)	(76)	(110)
Balance at the end of the period	(6,949)	(6,261)
Noncontrolling Interest
Increase (decrease) in equity
Balance at the beginning of the period	45	39
Net income	3	3
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustment	3	(1)
Balance at the end of the period	$ 51	$ 41

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Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information - AOCI rf (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to 3M, Beginning Balance	$ 10,298
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to 3M, Ending Balance	10,989
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to 3M, Beginning Balance	(7,245)	$ (6,359)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	125	(61)
Amounts reclassified out	101	51
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	226	(10)
Tax effect	70	108
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	296	98
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to 3M, Ending Balance	(6,949)	(6,261)
Cumulative Translation Adjustment
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to 3M, Beginning Balance	(2,008)	(1,679)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	226	60
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	226	60
Tax effect	63	79
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	289	139
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to 3M, Ending Balance	(1,719)	(1,540)
Gains (losses) associated with defined benefit pension and postretirement plans amortization
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to 3M, Beginning Balance	(5,328)	(4,804)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts reclassified out	119	103
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	119	103
Tax effect	(36)	(34)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	83	69
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to 3M, Ending Balance	(5,245)	(4,735)
Cash flow hedging instruments gains (losses)
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to 3M, Beginning Balance	91	124
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	(101)	(121)
Amounts reclassified out	(18)	(52)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(119)	(173)
Tax effect	43	63
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(76)	(110)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to 3M, Ending Balance	$ 15	$ 14

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Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information - Reclass AOCI (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Reclassification Adjustment Out Of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Sales or impairments of securities	$ 1,571	$ 1,493
Net of tax	(71)	(35)
Gains (losses) associated with defined benefit pension and postretirement plans amortization
Reclassification Adjustment Out Of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Prior service benefit	22	23
Net actuarial loss	(141)	(126)
Total before tax	(119)	(103)
Tax effect	36	34
Net of tax	(83)	(69)
Cash flow hedging instruments gains (losses)
Reclassification Adjustment Out Of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Total before tax	18	52
Tax effect	(6)	(18)
Net of tax	12	34
Cash flow hedging instruments gains (losses) | Foreign currency forward/option contracts
Reclassification Adjustment Out Of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Cost of sales	$ 18	53
Cash flow hedging instruments gains (losses) | Interest rate swap contracts
Reclassification Adjustment Out Of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Interest expense		$ (1)

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Income Taxes - Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Income tax
Net UTB impacting the effective tax rate	$ 348		$ 333
Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, expense (benefit) recognized on a gross basis	3	$ (4)
Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, accrued on a gross basis	$ 55		52
Increase (decrease) in effective income tax rate from prior reporting period to current reporting period (as a percent)	(3.10%)
Impact of factors that decreased the effective tax rate from prior reporting period to current reporting period (as a percent)	(3.60%)
Impact of factors that increased the effective tax rate from prior reporting period to current reporting period (as a percent)	0.50%
Deferred Tax Assets, Valuation Allowance	$ 51		$ 47
Reconciliation of Effective Income Tax Rate
Effective tax rate (as a percent)	23.70%	26.80%

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Marketable Securities (current and non-current) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Marketable securities classification
Current marketable securities	$ 141	$ 280
Non-current marketable securities	17	17
Total marketable securities	158	297
Corporate debt securities
Marketable securities classification
Current marketable securities	10	10
Commercial paper
Marketable securities classification
Current marketable securities	1	14
Certificates of deposit/time deposits
Marketable securities classification
Current marketable securities	89	197
U.S. municipal securities
Marketable securities classification
Current marketable securities	3	3
Non-current marketable securities	17	17
Asset-backed securities total
Marketable securities classification
Current marketable securities	38	56
Asset-backed securities Automobile loan related
Marketable securities classification
Current marketable securities	29	31
Asset-backed securities Credit card related
Marketable securities classification
Current marketable securities	$ 9	18
Asset-backed securities Other asset-backed securities
Marketable securities classification
Current marketable securities		$ 7

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Marketable Securities (Contractual maturity) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Marketable securities by contractual maturity
Due in one year or less	$ 95
Due after one year through five years	59
Due after five years through ten years	4
Total marketable securities	$ 158	$ 297

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Marketable Securities - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 item
Marketable Securities
Percentage of asset-backed securities rated AAA/A-1+, Aaa/P-1, or AAA/F1+	77.40%
Number of rating agencies for which asset backed securities must be rated	2
Number of rating agencies for asset backed securities that must be either Moody's or Standard and Poor's	1

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Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2017 item	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2014 item	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2011 LimitedPartnership
Maximum
Benefit Plan Information
Estimated pension and postretirement employer contributions in current fiscal year		$ 500
Minimum
Benefit Plan Information
Estimated pension and postretirement employer contributions in current fiscal year		300
WG Trading Company
Benefit Plan Information
Number of insurers 3M and certain benefit plans filed lawsuits on seeking insurance coverage for the WG Trading Company claim | item			5
Number of additional limited partners of WG Trading Company, in addition to 3M, who objected and appealed the court's order to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | LimitedPartnership					6
WG Trading Company | Maximum
Benefit Plan Information
Percentage of WG Trading Company holdings in relation to total fair value of the company's total plan assets, high end of range (as a percent)				0.50%
Panda Temple Power LLC
Benefit Plan Information
Number of entities in which the U.S. pension and postretirement benefit plans have invested in that filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection | item	1
Panda Temple Power LLC | Maximum
Benefit Plan Information
Percentage of investment in relation to the fair value of the U.S. pension and postretirement benefit plans' assets at the most recent measurement date				1.00%
Qualified and Non-qualified Pension Benefits
Benefit Plan Information
Company contributions year to date		247
Postretirement Benefits
Benefit Plan Information
Company contributions year to date		$ 1

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Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans - Components of net periodic benefit cost and other information 10Q (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
United States Qualified and Non-qualified Pension Benefits
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
Service cost	$ 67	$ 65
Interest cost	142	143
Expected return on plan assets	(259)	(260)
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)	(6)	(6)
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss	97	88
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other	41	30
International Qualified and Non-qualified Pension Benefits
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
Service cost	33	33
Interest cost	37	43
Expected return on plan assets	(69)	(78)
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)	(3)	(3)
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss	30	22
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other	28	17
Postretirement Benefits
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
Service cost	13	13
Interest cost	19	20
Expected return on plan assets	(21)	(23)
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)	(13)	(14)
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss	14	16
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments, special termination benefits and other	$ 12	$ 12

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Derivatives - Cash Flow Hedges (Details) - Cash flow hedge - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016	Jun. 30, 2016
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Maximum length of time hedged in cash flow hedge	36 months
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income on Effective portion of Derivative	$ (101)	$ (121)
Pretax gain (loss) recognized in income on effective portion of derivative as a result of reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income	18	52
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges	15
After-tax net unrealized gain (loss) anticipated to be reclassifed from AOCI to the income statement within next twelve months	9
After-tax net unrealized gain (loss) anticipated to be reclassifed from AOCI to the Income Statement over remaining fiscal year	13
After-tax net unrealized gain (loss) anticipated to be reclassifed from AOCI to the Income Statement in 2018	2
Foreign currency forward/option contracts
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income on Effective portion of Derivative	(100)	(120)
Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Cost of sales
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Pretax gain (loss) recognized in income on effective portion of derivative as a result of reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income	18	53
Interest rate swap contracts
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Derivative notional amount	200		$ 200	$ 300
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income on Effective portion of Derivative	(1)	(1)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges	$ (5)
Interest rate swap contracts | Interest expense
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Pretax gain (loss) recognized in income on effective portion of derivative as a result of reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income		$ (1)

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Derivatives - Fair Value Hedges (Details) - Fair value hedges - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in income	$ (5)	$ 29
Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item Recognized in Income	5	(29)
Interest rate swap contracts | Interest expense
Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in income	(5)	29
Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item Recognized in Income	$ 5	$ (29)

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Derivatives - Net Investment Hedges (Details) - Net Investment Hedges € in Millions, $ in Millions, ₩ in Billions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2017 KRW (₩)	Mar. 31, 2017 EUR (€)
Net investment hedges
Effective portion of net investment hedge reclassified out of other comprehensive income into income	$ 0	$ 0
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized as Cumulative Translation within Other Comprehensive Income on Effective Portion of Instrument	(141)	(187)
Ineffective portion of gain (loss) on derivative and amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in income	2	(2)
Foreign currency forward contracts
Net investment hedges
Derivative notional amount			₩ 248	€ 150
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized as Cumulative Translation within Other Comprehensive Income on Effective Portion of Instrument	(20)	(43)
Foreign currency forward contracts | Cost of sales
Net investment hedges
Ineffective portion of gain (loss) on derivative and amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in income	2	(2)
Foreign Currency Denominated Debt
Net investment hedges
Face amount of debt designated as a net investment hedge | €				€ 4,400
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized as Cumulative Translation within Other Comprehensive Income on Effective Portion of Instrument	$ (121)	$ (144)

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Derivatives - Not Designated (Details) - Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in income	$ 41	$ (70)
Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Cost of sales
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in income	(1)	(5)
Foreign currency forward contracts
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Increase (decrease) from previously presented loss recognized in income due to revision		58
Foreign currency forward contracts | Interest expense
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in income	$ 42	$ (65)

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Derivatives - BS Location (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets	$ 175	$ 259
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities	83	95
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets	123	218
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities	54	13
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Other current assets
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets	42	107
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Other assets
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets	57	86
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Other current liabilities
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities	37	9
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Other liabilities
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities	12	3
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Current balance sheet location
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Derivative Notional Amount	2,150	2,160
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Noncurrent balance sheet location
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Derivative Notional Amount	1,470	1,459
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Interest rate swap contracts
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Derivative Notional Amount		1,953
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Interest rate swap contracts | Other current assets
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets	2
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Interest rate swap contracts | Other assets
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets	22	25
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Interest rate swap contracts | Other current liabilities
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities	1
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Interest rate swap contracts | Other liabilities
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities	4	1
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Interest rate swap contracts | Current balance sheet location
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Derivative Notional Amount	400
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | Interest rate swap contracts | Noncurrent balance sheet location
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Derivative Notional Amount	1,753
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets	52	41
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities	29	82
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Other current assets
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Assets	52	41
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Other current liabilities
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments, Liabilities	29	82
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | Foreign currency forward/option contracts | Current balance sheet location
Location and Fair Value Amount of Derivative Instruments
Derivative Notional Amount	$ 6,293	$ 5,655

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Derivatives - Offsetting Assets (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($) Counterparty	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Offsetting of Financial Assets under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties
Number of master netting agreements supported by primary counterparty's parent guarantee | Counterparty	16
Number of credit support agreements by primary counterparty | Counterparty	15
Gross Amounts of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	$ 175	$ 259
Net Amounts of Derivative Assets	115	220
Derivatives Subject to Master Netting Agreements
Offsetting of Financial Assets under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties
Gross Amounts of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	174	259
Gross Amount of Eligible Offsetting Recognized Derivative Liabilities	60	39
Net Amounts of Derivative Assets	114	$ 220
Derivatives Not Subject to Master Netting Agreements
Offsetting of Financial Assets under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties
Gross Amounts of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	1
Net Amounts of Derivative Assets	$ 1

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Derivatives - Offsetting Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties
Gross Amounts of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	$ 83	$ 95
Net Amount of Derivative Liabilities	23	56
Derivatives Subject to Master Netting Agreements
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties
Gross Amounts of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	77	93
Gross Amount of Eligible Offsetting Recognized Derivative Assets	60	39
Net Amount of Derivative Liabilities	17	54
Derivatives Not Subject to Master Netting Agreements
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties
Gross Amounts of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	6	2
Net Amount of Derivative Liabilities	$ 6	$ 2

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Derivatives - Currency Effects (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Foreign Currency [Abstract]
Year-on-year foreign currency transaction effects, including hedging impact, gain (loss) impact on pre-tax income	$ (37)

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Fair Value Measurements - Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	$ 158	$ 297
Gross Amounts of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	175	259
Gross Amounts of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	83	95
Fair value on a recurring basis | Foreign currency forward/option contracts
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Gross Amounts of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	151	234
Gross Amounts of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	78	94
Fair value on a recurring basis | Interest rate swap contracts
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Gross Amounts of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	24	25
Gross Amounts of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	5	1
Fair value on a recurring basis | Corporate debt securities
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	10	10
Fair value on a recurring basis | Commercial paper
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	1	14
Fair value on a recurring basis | Certificates of deposit/time deposits
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	89	197
Fair value on a recurring basis | Asset-backed securities Automobile loan related
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	29	31
Fair value on a recurring basis | Asset-backed securities Credit card related
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	9	18
Fair value on a recurring basis | Asset-backed securities Other asset-backed securities
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities		7
Fair value on a recurring basis | U.S. municipal securities
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	20	20
Fair value on a recurring basis | Level 2 | Foreign currency forward/option contracts
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Gross Amounts of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	151	234
Gross Amounts of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	78	94
Fair value on a recurring basis | Level 2 | Interest rate swap contracts
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Gross Amounts of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	24	25
Gross Amounts of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet	5	1
Fair value on a recurring basis | Level 2 | Corporate debt securities
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	10	10
Fair value on a recurring basis | Level 2 | Commercial paper
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	1	14
Fair value on a recurring basis | Level 2 | Certificates of deposit/time deposits
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	89	197
Fair value on a recurring basis | Level 2 | Asset-backed securities Automobile loan related
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	29	31
Fair value on a recurring basis | Level 2 | Asset-backed securities Credit card related
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	9	18
Fair value on a recurring basis | Level 2 | Asset-backed securities Other asset-backed securities
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities		7
Fair value on a recurring basis | Level 3 | U.S. municipal securities
Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale marketable securities	$ 20	$ 20

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Fair Value Measurements - Recurring Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Reconciliation of items measured at fair value on a recurring basis that used significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 20	$ 12
Total gains or losses included in earnings	0	0
Total gains or losses included in other comprehensive income	0	0
Purchases and issuances	0	6
Sales and settlements	0	0
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3	0	0
Balance at the end of the period	$ 20	$ 18

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Fair Value Measurements - Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Carrying Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Long-term debt, excluding current portion	$ 10,802	$ 10,678
Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Long-term debt, excluding current portion	$ 11,337	$ 11,168

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Commitments and Contingencies - Respirator and Environmental (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($) lawsuit case claim item	Dec. 31, 2016 item
Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation
Loss contingencies
Total number of named claimants	2,650	2,660
Number of total claims settled and taken to trial | claim	11
Number of total claims settled and tried to verdict | claim	9
Number of total claims tried to verdict | claim	10
Payments for fees and settlements related to litigation | $	$ 12,000
Insurance receivables | $	$ 4,000
Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation - State of West Virginia
Loss contingencies
Number of additional defendants	2
Accrued loss contingency reserve | $	$ 0
Respirator Mask/Asbestos litigation - Excluding Aearo Technologies
Loss contingencies
Accrued loss contingency reserve | $	583,000
Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation - Aearo Technologies
Loss contingencies
Accrued loss contingency reserve | $	19,000
Quarterly fee paid to Cabot to retain responsibility and liability for products manufactured before July 11, 1995 | $	$ 100
Number of claims with summary judgment | claim	2
Number of remaining issues for Cabot's appeal after judgment in Aearo's favor | case	2
Environmental Matters - Remediation
Loss contingencies
Accrued loss contingency reserve | $	$ 36,000
Insurance receivables | $	$ 8,000
Number of years remediation payments expected to be paid for applicable sites	20 years
Environmental Matters - Regulatory Activities
Loss contingencies
Number of years after phase-out decision in May 2000 that the Company stopped manufacturing and using vast majority of perfluorooctanyl compounds	2 years
Amount of PFOA and PFOS found in drinking water, either individually or combined, that are allowed per the EPA's announced lifetime health advisory levels in parts per trillion	70
Amount of PFOA in drinking water allowed per provisional health advisories in parts per trillion (superseded)	400
Amount of PFOS in drinking water allowed per provisional health advisories in parts per trillion (superseded)	200
Number of PFCs the EPA has required to have public water system suppliers monitor	6
Number of public water supplies the EPA reported results	4,909
Number of water supplies that reported above advisory level with PFOA	13
Number of water supplies that reported above advisory level with PFOS	46
Number of water supplies that reported above advisory level with both PFOA and PFOS	65
Environmental Matters - Regulatory Activities | Maximum
Loss contingencies
Amount of PFOA and its substances allowed by the EU REACH Regulation in parts per billion	25
Environmental Matters - Regulatory Activities | Minimum
Loss contingencies
Number of water supply samples used to test for PFOA and PFOS under the EPA lifetime health advisory program	1
Environmental Matters - Regulatory Activities | Alabama
Loss contingencies
Number of years covered by permit for sludge containing PFCs	20 years
Environmental Matters - Litigation | Federal court in Colorado, Pennsylvania, and state court in New York in aggregate
Loss contingencies
Number of lawsuits filed | lawsuit	9
Environmental Matters - Litigation | Federal court in Colorado
Loss contingencies
Number of lawsuits filed | lawsuit	3
Environmental Matters - Litigation | Federal court in Pennsylvania
Loss contingencies
Number of lawsuits filed | lawsuit	5
Environmental Matters - Litigation | State court in New York
Loss contingencies
Number of lawsuits filed | lawsuit	1
Environmental Matters - Litigation | Alabama
Loss contingencies
Number of local water works for whom the water authority supplies water	5
Environmental Matters - Litigation | Morgan County, Alabama
Loss contingencies
Total number of named claimants	3
Environmental Matters - Litigation | Metropolitan Council, Minnesota
Loss contingencies
Number of wastewater treatment plants from which PFC-containing sludge and biosolids may allegedly be discharged by Metropolitan Council, low end of range	1
Environmental Matters - Other Environmental Litigation
Loss contingencies
Accrued loss contingency reserve | $	$ 29,000
Insurance receivable collected from insurer | $	$ 15,000
Number of former disposal sites with PFC present in soil and groundwater in Washington County, Minnesota	2
Environmental Matters - Other Environmental Litigation | Maximum
Loss contingencies
Number of years remediation payments expected to be paid for applicable sites	4 years

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Commitments and Contingencies - Product Liability (Details)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($) case item	Dec. 31, 2016 item
Product Liability - Filters
Product Liability Litigation
Number of customers who obtained an order in the French Courts against 3M Purification SAS	1
Number of cases settled in principle in period | case	2
Product liability - Bair Hugger
Product Liability Litigation
Number of plaintiffs	1,790	1,260
Accrued loss contingency reserve | $	$ 0
Product liability - Bair Hugger | U.S. District Court for the Western District of Tennessee
Product Liability Litigation
Number of lawsuits filed	1
Product Liability Lava Ultimate Dental Restorative Material
Product Liability Litigation
Number of lawsuits filed	3
Number of states involved in lawsuit	13
Product Liability Lava Ultimate Dental Restorative Material | U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota
Product Liability Litigation
Number of lawsuits filed	1
Number of plaintiffs	39
Product Liability Lava Ultimate Dental Restorative Material | Madison County Illinois
Product Liability Litigation
Number of lawsuits filed	1
Product Liability Lava Ultimate Dental Restorative Material | Madison County Illinois and U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota in Aggregate
Product Liability Litigation
Number of lawsuits filed	2

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Stock-Based Compensation (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award Activity
Retirement age eligibility for employees	55 years
Retirement eligibility for employees, minimum years of service required	10 years
Percent of stock-based compensation related to retiree-eligible population (as a percent)	35.00%
Long Term Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award Activity
Number of shares authorized	123,965,000
Number of shares available for grant	29,802,945

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Stock-Based Compensation - Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Amounts recognized in the financial statements
Stock-based compensation programs expense	$ 147	$ 144
Income tax benefits	(148)	(127)
Stock-based compensation expenses (benefits), net of tax	(1)	17
Cost of sales
Amounts recognized in the financial statements
Stock-based compensation programs expense	23	23
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Amounts recognized in the financial statements
Stock-based compensation programs expense	98	96
Research, development and related expenses
Amounts recognized in the financial statements
Stock-based compensation programs expense	$ 26	$ 25

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Stock-Based Compensation - Stock Options (Details) - Stock Options - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Stock Option Program
Balance at the beginning of the period	36,196,232
Granted - Annual	5,409,628
Exercised	(3,037,302)
Canceled	(42,849)
Balance at the end of the period	38,525,709
Options exercisable	27,691,364
Options exercisable, exercise price	$ 106.36
Weighted average exercise price - Beginning balance	112.07
Weighted average exercise price - Granted - Annual	175.93
Weighted average exercise price - Exercised	89.29
Weighted average exercise price - Canceled	156.38
Weighted average exercise price - Ending balance	$ 122.78
Weighted average remaining contractual life for options outstanding	76 months
Weighted average remaining contractual life for options exercisable	63 months
Aggregate intrinsic value for options outstanding	$ 2,641
Aggregate intrinsic value for options exercisable	$ 2,353
Expiration of annual grants	10 years
Compensation expense yet to be recognized	$ 125
Expense recognition period	25 months
Total intrinsic value of stock options exercised	$ 286	$ 253
Cash received from options exercised	271	315
Tax benefit realized from exercise of stock options	$ 106	$ 93
Maximum
Stock Option Program
Vesting period	3 years
Minimum
Stock Option Program
Vesting period	1 year
Annual Stock Option Program
Share- based compensation assumptions
Weighted average exercise price	$ 175.76
Risk-free interest rate (as a percent)	2.10%
Dividend yield (as a percent)	2.50%
Expected volatility (as a percent)	17.30%
Expected life	78 months
Black-Scholes fair value	$ 23.51

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Stock-Based Compensation - RSU, RS, Performance Shares (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
Unit and Shares Activity:
Number of Awards - Nonvested - Beginning balance	2,185,046
Number of Awards - Granted - Annual	604,256
Number of Awards - Granted - Other	571
Number of Awards - Vested	(724,705)
Number of Awards - Forfeited	(12,014)
Number of Awards - Nonvested - Ending balance	2,053,154
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Additional Disclosures
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Nonvested - Beginning balance	$ 145.64
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Granted - Annual	176.10
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Granted - Other	175.17
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Vested	127.57
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Forfeited	153.49
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Nonvested - Ending balance	$ 160.94
Compensation expense yet to be recognized	$ 133
Expense recognition period	26 months
Fair value that vested	$ 127	$ 133
Tax benefit realized from vesting	$ 47	50
Vesting or performance period	3 years
Value of dividend equivalents for restricted stock units that are forfeited	$ 0
Impact on basic earnings per share due to restricted stock units dividends	$ 0
Performance Shares
Unit and Shares Activity:
Number of Awards - Nonvested - Beginning balance	656,278
Number of Awards - Granted - Annual	181,898
Number of Awards - Vested	(312,173)
Number of Awards - Performance Change	110,965
Number of Awards - Forfeited	(1,682)
Number of Awards - Nonvested - Ending balance	635,286
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Additional Disclosures
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Nonvested - Beginning balance	$ 142.98
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Granted - Annual	189.75
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Vested	124.63
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Performance Change	174.05
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Forfeited	159.53
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - Nonvested - Ending balance	$ 170.77
Compensation expense yet to be recognized	$ 51
Expense recognition period	12 months
Fair value that vested	$ 55	54
Tax benefit realized from vesting	$ 15	$ 15
Vesting or performance period	3 years
Performance Shares | Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Additional Disclosures
Expense recognition period	3 years
Number of shares to be delivered based on percent of each performance share granted upon satisfaction of performance conditions	200.00%
Performance Shares | Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Additional Disclosures
Expense recognition period	1 year
Number of shares to be delivered based on percent of each performance share granted upon satisfaction of performance conditions	0.00%

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Business Segments (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($) segment division
Business Segment Information
Number of divisions that were combined to create the Automotive and Aerospace Solutions Division | division	2
Business Segments
Business Segment Information
Number of business segments | segment	5
Business Segments | Safety and Graphics
Business Segment Information
Increase (decrease) in net sales due to renewable energy product line segment changes	$ 207
Increase (decrease) in operating income due to renewable energy product line segment changes	29
Business Segments | Electronics and Energy
Business Segment Information
Increase (decrease) in net sales due to renewable energy product line segment changes	(203)
Increase (decrease) in operating income due to renewable energy product line segment changes	(38)
Business Segments | Business Segments in Aggregate
Business Segment Information
Increase (decrease) in net sales due to dual credit reporting change from consolidation of U.S. customer account activity	163
Increase (decrease) in operating income due to dual credit reporting change from consolidation of U.S. customer account activity	36
Corporate and Unallocated
Business Segment Information
Increase (decrease) in net sales due to renewable energy product line segment changes	(4)
Increase (decrease) in operating income due to renewable energy product line segment changes	9
Elimination of Dual Credit
Business Segment Information
Increase (decrease) in net sales due to dual credit reporting change from consolidation of U.S. customer account activity	(163)
Increase (decrease) in operating income due to dual credit reporting change from consolidation of U.S. customer account activity	$ (36)

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Business Segments - Segment information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Business Segment Information
Net sales	$ 7,685	$ 7,409
Operating Income	1,774	1,788
Assets	33,292		$ 32,906
Depreciation and amortization	438	356
Capital expenditures	287	314
Business Segments | Industrial
Business Segment Information
Net sales	2,709	2,599
Operating Income	625	622
Business Segments | Safety and Graphics
Business Segment Information
Net sales	1,527	1,477
Operating Income	399	359
Business Segments | Health Care
Business Segment Information
Net sales	1,423	1,391
Operating Income	434	457
Business Segments | Electronics and Energy
Business Segment Information
Net sales	1,210	1,089
Operating Income	225	195
Business Segments | Consumer
Business Segment Information
Net sales	1,042	1,050
Operating Income	222	238
Corporate and Unallocated
Business Segment Information
Net sales	2
Operating Income	(81)	(40)
Elimination of Dual Credit
Business Segment Information
Net sales	(228)	(197)
Operating Income	$ (50)	$ (43)