Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Options outstanding not included in computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	32.8	35.6
Numerator:
Net income (loss) attributable to 3M	$ 928	$ 976
Denominator:
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	555.0	552.7
Dilution associated with the Company's stock-based compensation plans (in shares)	0.9	0.5
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – diluted (in shares)	555.9	553.2
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — basic (in dollars per share)	$ 1.67	$ 1.77
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 1.67	$ 1.76