Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Options outstanding not included in computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	36.1	30.3	7.8
Numerator:
Net income (loss) attributable to 3M	$ (6,995)	$ 5,777	$ 5,921
Denominator:
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	553.9	566.0	579.0
Dilution associated with the Company's stock-based compensation plans (in shares)	0.0	1.6	6.3
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – diluted (in shares)	553.9	567.6	585.3
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — basic (in dollars per share)	$ (12.63)	$ 10.21	$ 10.23
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (12.63)	$ 10.18	$ 10.12