Restructuring Actions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring Actions

NOTE 5. Restructuring Actions

2023 to 2025 Structural Reorganization Actions: In 2023, 3M announced it would undertake structural reorganization actions to reduce the size of the corporate center of the Company, simplify supply chain, streamline 3M’s geographic footprint, reduce layers of management, further align business go-to-market models to customers, and reduce manufacturing roles to align with production volumes. During 2023, management approved and committed to undertake associated actions impacting approximately 6,000 positions resulting in a 2023 pre-tax charge of $437 million. Remaining activities related to the restructuring actions approved and committed through December 31, 2023 under this initiative are expected to be largely completed in the first half of 2024. 3M expects to commit to further actions under this initiative. This aggregate initiative beginning in the first quarter of 2023 and continuing through 2025 is expected to impact approximately 8,500 positions worldwide with an expected pre-tax charge of $700 million to $900 million over that period.

The related restructuring charges for periods presented were recorded in the income (loss) statement as follows:

(Millions)	2023
Cost of sales	$	101
Selling, general and administrative expenses	304
Research, development and related expenses	32
Total operating income impact	$	437

The business segment operating income (loss) impact of these restructuring charges is summarized as follows:

	2023
(Millions)	Employee Related		Asset-Related and Other		Total
Safety and Industrial	$	89	$	—	$	89
Transportation and Electronics	62		—		62
Health Care	22		—		22
Consumer	26		—		26
Corporate and unallocated	171		67		238
Total operating expense	$	370	$	67	$	437

Restructuring actions, including cash and non-cash impacts, follow:

(Millions)	Employee-Related		Asset-Related and Other		Total
Expense incurred in 2023	370		67		437
Non-cash changes	—		(67)		(67)
Adjustments	(10)		—		(10)
Cash payments	(261)		—		(261)
Accrued restructuring action balance as of December 31, 2023	$	99	$	—	$	99

2023 to 2025 PFAS Exit Actions:As further discussed in Note 18, 3M announced in 2022 that it will exit all PFAS manufacturing by the end of 2025. In 2023, 3M management approved and committed to undertake certain related workforce actions impacting approximately 550 positions resulting in a pre-tax charge of $64 million primarily impacting cost of sales. These charges are reflected within the Transportation and Electronics business segment. Related cash payments and adjustments to the accrued liability in 2023 were not material. The accrued restructuring action balance as of December 31, 2023 was $60 million. The remaining period of activities related to these approved and committed actions aligns with 3M's PFAS exit timeframe.

2020 through 2022 Operational/Marketing Capability Restructuring Actions: In 2020, 3M announced it would undertake certain actions to further enhance its operations and marketing capabilities to take advantage of certain global market trends while de-prioritizing investments in slower-growth end markets. In 2021, management approved and committed to undertake additional actions under this initiative resulting in a 2021 pre-tax charge of $124 million impacting all business segments (Corporate & Unallocated ($42 million), Safety and Industrial ($30 million), Transportation and Electronics ($24 million), Health Care ($21 million) and Consumer ($7 million)), of which $88 million was recorded in selling, general and administrative expense. In 2022, management approved and committed to undertake the remaining actions under this initiative resulting in a pre-tax charge of $18 million. The accrued restructuring action balance was $101 million at December 31, 2020, $87 million at December 31, 2021 and was completed in 2022. This initiative, beginning in 2020 and ending with 2022 actions, impacted approximately 3,100 positions worldwide with a pre-tax charge of approximately $280 million over that period.

2022 Divestiture-Related Restructuring Actions: During 2022, following the Food Safety Division split-off transaction and combination with Neogen (see Note 3), management approved and committed to undertake certain restructuring actions addressing corporate functional costs across 3M in relation to the magnitude of amounts previously allocated to the divested business. These actions affected approximately 850 positions worldwide and resulted in a 2022 pre-tax charge of $41 million primarily impacting selling, general and administrative expenses within Corporate and Unallocated. The related accrued restructuring balance as of December 31, 2022 was $10 million after associated payments during 2022. Remaining activities related to this divestiture-related restructuring were largely completed through the first half of 2023.