Business Segments and Geographic Information - Schedule of Business Segment Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Business Segment Information
Net sales	$ 32,681	$ 34,229	$ 35,355
Total business segment operating income (loss)	(9,128)	6,539	7,369
Gain on business divestitures	36	2,724	0
Total operating expenses	41,809	27,690	27,986
Other expense (income), net	560	147	165
Income (loss) before income taxes	(9,688)	6,392	7,204
Assets	50,580	46,455
Depreciation and amortization	1,987	1,831	1,915
Capital Expenditures	1,615	1,749	1,603
Operating Segments
Business Segment Information
Total business segment operating income (loss)	6,143	4,885	7,527
Operating Segments | Safety and Industrial
Business Segment Information
Net sales	10,956	11,604	11,981
Total business segment operating income (loss)	2,324	1,135	2,460
Assets	11,212	11,774
Depreciation and amortization	530	566	593
Capital Expenditures	285	512	339
Operating Segments | Transportation and Electronics
Business Segment Information
Net sales	8,501	8,902	9,262
Total business segment operating income (loss)	1,312	973	1,869
Assets	6,826	6,485
Depreciation and amortization	537	410	419
Capital Expenditures	723	562	453
Operating Segments | Health Care
Business Segment Information
Net sales	8,195	8,427	8,601
Total business segment operating income (loss)	1,603	1,799	2,034
Assets	13,315	13,364
Depreciation and amortization	597	623	636
Capital Expenditures	228	272	249
Operating Segments | Consumer
Business Segment Information
Net sales	5,026	5,292	5,509
Total business segment operating income (loss)	904	978	1,164
Assets	2,625	2,774
Depreciation and amortization	160	148	147
Capital Expenditures	105	146	109
Corporate and Unallocated
Business Segment Information
Net sales	3	4	2
Net costs for significant litigation	(14,785)	(877)	214
Divestiture costs	(496)	(60)	0
Gain on business divestitures	36	2,724	0
Divestiture-related restructuring actions	0	(41)	0
Russia exit (charges) benefits	18	(109)	0
Total corporate special items	(15,227)	1,637	214
Other corporate (expense) income - net	(44)	17	(372)
Total operating expenses	(15,271)	1,654	(158)
Assets	16,602	12,058
Depreciation and amortization	163	84	120
Capital Expenditures	$ 274	$ 257	$ 453