Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income (loss) including noncontrolling interest	$ (6,979)	$ 5,791	$ 5,929
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) including noncontrolling interest to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	1,987	1,831	1,915
Long-lived and indefinite-lived asset impairment expense	0	618	0
Goodwill impairment expense	0	271	0
Company pension and postretirement contributions	(152)	(158)	(180)
Company pension and postretirement expense	145	178	206
Stock-based compensation expense	274	263	274
Gain on business divestitures	(36)	(2,724)	0
Deferred income taxes	(3,855)	(663)	(166)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable	(170)	(105)	(122)
Inventories	567	(629)	(903)
Accounts payable	138	111	518
Accrued income taxes (current and long-term)	(218)	(47)	(244)
Other — net	14,979	854	227
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	6,680	5,591	7,454
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (PP&E)	(1,615)	(1,749)	(1,603)
Proceeds from sale of PP&E and other assets	119	200	51
Purchases of marketable securities and investments	(1,466)	(1,250)	(2,202)
Proceeds from maturities and sale of marketable securities and investments	1,660	1,261	2,406
Proceeds from sale of businesses, net of cash sold	60	13	0
Cash payment from Food Safety business split-off, net of divested cash	0	478	0
Other — net	35	1	31
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(1,207)	(1,046)	(1,317)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Change in short-term debt — net	205	340	(2)
Repayment of debt (maturities greater than 90 days)	(3,086)	(1,179)	(1,144)
Proceeds from debt (maturities greater than 90 days)	2,835	1	1
Purchases of treasury stock	(33)	(1,464)	(2,199)
Proceeds from issuance of treasury stock pursuant to stock option and benefit plans	264	381	639
Dividends paid to shareholders	(3,311)	(3,369)	(3,420)
Other — net	(21)	(60)	(20)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(3,147)	(5,350)	(6,145)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(48)	(104)	(62)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	2,278	(909)	(70)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	3,655	4,564	4,634
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 5,933	$ 3,655	$ 4,564