Significant Accounting Policies - Earnings Per Share Computations (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2023 division	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) segment $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 division
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Number of business segments		3		4		4
Earnings per share
Options outstanding not included in computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	36.9		31.9	36.5	27.5
Numerator:
Net income (loss) attributable to 3M | $	$ (6,841)		$ 78	$ (5,865)	$ 1,377
Denominator:
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	553.9		571.0	553.3	571.6
Dilution associated with the Company's stock-based compensation plans (in shares)	0.0		1.7	0.0	2.2
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	553.9		572.7	553.3	573.8
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — basic (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ (12.35)		$ 0.14	$ (10.60)	$ 2.41
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to 3M common shareholders — diluted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ (12.35)		$ 0.14	$ (10.60)	$ 2.40